Mathematics Project

Tanmay 9 A

Table of Contents
S. No. 1. 2. 3. 4. Introduction Basic Geometrical concepts Procedure of the experiment Observations

5. 6. 7.

Calculations of the experiment Theoretical proof Bibliography & Acknowledgement

Introduction to Geometry
The word geometry is Greek for geos - meaning earth and metron - meaning measure. Geometry was extremely important to ancient societies and was used for surveying, astronomy, navigation, and building. Geometry, as we know it is actually known as Euclidean geometry which was written well over 2000 years ago in Ancient Greece by Euclid, Pythagoras, Thales, Plato and Aristotle just to mention a few. Geometry is the study of angles and triangles, perimeter, area and volume. It differs from algebra in that one

develops a logical structure where mathematical relationships are proved and applied.

Aristotle Pythagoras

Basic Geometric Terms

Radius: The distance from the centre to the edge of a circle. If you multiply the radius of a circle by two, the result is the diameter Pi: A special constant value that relates the diameter of a circle to its circumference. Pi, roughly 3.14, is used to find the circumference and area of a circle Circumference: The boundary or perimeter around a circle. Circumference measures the distance around a circle

We can look at a pizza pie to find real-world examples of diameter and radius. Look at the pizza to the right which has been sliced into 8 equal parts through its centre. A radius is formed by making a straight cut from the centre to a point on the circle. A straight cut made from a point on the circle, continuing through its centre to another point on the circle, is a diameter. As you can see, a circle has many different radii and diameters, each passing through its centre. The total length of the boundary of the pizza is the circumference.

Procedure
2 semicircles of radius 13.5 cm is drawn with the help of a compass. On one semicircle, 4 inscribed semicircles are drawn inside the outer semicircle with 2cm, 3cm, 3.5cm, and 5cm respectively. Note: Another semicircle is drawn just to ensure that the inscribed semicircles fit in the semicircle

 Cut out the inscribed semicircles and paste it on the other outer semicircle Use a thread, to measure the perimeter of the outer semicircle. Using another thread, measure the perimeter of the inscribed semicircles. Record the lengths.

Observation We have observed that the length of the thread used to measure the perimeter of the outer semicircle is

70 cm. The length of the thread used to measure the inscribed semicircles is also 70 cm. Therefore, we can say that the perimeter of the outer semicircle is equal to the sum of the perimeter of the inscribed semicircles.

Theoretical Proof
To Prove: Perimeter of Outer Semicircle = Sum of Inscribed Semicircles Constructions: 1) The Radius of the Outer Semicircle is 13.5, therefore diameter is 27cm. 2) The radius of the 4 semicircles are AB = 2cm, BC = 3cm, CD = 3.5cm and DE = 5cm Circumference of Semicircle = =

LHS = Perimeter of the Outer Semicircle RHS = Sum of Perimeters of the Inscribed Semicircles (AB, BC, CD, DE) LHS = = RHS = = = LHS = RHS, cm cm cm

Thus proved that the perimeter of outer semicircle is equal to the sum of perimeters of the inscribed semi circles.

Bibliography
http://www.toolingu.com/definition-80018511720-radius.html http://www.mathgoodies.com/lessons/vol2/g eometry.html http://math.about.com/library/weekly/aa031 503a.htm http://www.google.com.sg/

Acknowledge ment
I would like to acknowledge and extend my heartfelt gratitude to the following persons who have made the completion of this Project possible: My Math Teacher, Mr. Nandkumar, for giving such an interesting topic for one to do research one. He has always been there to help when required.

My Parents, for continuously supporting my throughout the project My Friends, who have also been there to help me when in need.

The End