Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
AGENDA (1/4)
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VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
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VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
OVERPROVISIONING (2)
Redundancy
RAID: increase fault tolerance/reliability and/or
performance
Availability
A. S. Tanenbaum asks: when was the last time you
picked up the phone and got a busy tone?
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VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
OVERPROVISIONING (3)
Ease of use
Memory garbage collection
Peak performance
Do you really need a dual core 64-bit CPU at 3 GHz?
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VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
Overprovisioning
•"throw money at a problem" —
inefficient, ineffective, wasteful
•sounds wrong
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PRAGMATIC QoS
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Maxinetti
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AGENDA (2/4)
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Telephony
VoIP speech
Conversational
Video telephony
E-mail Real-time
Podcasts video
Background Streaming
Messaging
File downloads Radio
Web browsing
Interactive IM
Games
DB & server
access
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Ethernet
IP
Iub RNS Firewall
NODE B Iu
RNC
GGSN
NODE B
Iub Core
Iur SGSN
Network
Iub
NODE B
RNC
NODE B Iu
Iub
RNS
UTRAN
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3G TEST PLATFORM
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Sensor WLAN
network
•Session mobility
•Terminal mobility
3G
Internet
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VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
FREE BUSY
• DIFS = DCF Interframe Space SENSE THE
CHANNEL FOR BACKOFF
ADDITIONAL
RANDOM TIME BUSY
SENSE THE
FREE CHANNEL
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•QoS Standard
•Work is Final, waiting for approval
•Goal:
•enhance the access mechanisms of IEEE802.11
•provide service differentiation
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MONITORING QoS
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MONITORING TOOLS
•Available to all
•Off-the-shelf network analyzers (Ethereal,
Tcpdump, WinDump, … )
•Custom software based on standard packet
capture libraries (libpcap, WinPcap)
•Operator and enterprise level monitoring tools
•OSS
•RTCP, RMON2, RTFM, …
•MRTG
•Typically measure round trip, not end-to-end one-way
parameters
•Network asymmetries dictate a closer look at one-way
end-to-end measurements
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capture
Packet
capture
Packet
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AGENDA (3/4)
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350
300
250
X
Goodput (kb/s)
200
150
X
100
X
50
X X
X
0
10000
8000
X
Goodput (kb/s)
6000
X
X
4000
2000
X X
X
X X
0
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•Scalable:
•classification & conditioning only at boundaries
•small set of forwarding behaviors
•apply per-hop behaviors to aggregates of traffic
•Incrementally deployable
•Differentiation is asymmetric, decoupled from apps
•A refinement of the original Precedence model
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Meter
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DiffServ ARCHITECTURE
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SLOW DEPLOYMENT
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VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND
•VoIP
•Skype is already making VoIP reality without any
QoS and you only need a dialup connection
•Why would a user pay more for her VoIP
packets? She wouldn't. But she would go for a
Maxinetti kind of service which is cheap and hip :)
•And that is our view: QoS frameworks should be
seen as enablers, not as cash cows
•IPTV
•Video gaming servers
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•Traffic classification
•End hosts are the natural points, but due to lack
of trust and maintaining administrative control,
gateways are preferred by NOCs
•Dynamic classification of packets into different
classes is not a trivial task
•Inhibits QoS deployment
•M. Roughan, et al. (2004):
•Framework for scalable, dynamic traffic
classification based on statistical application
signature
•Obtain signatures insensitive to the particular
application protocol
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AGENDA (4/4)
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IP NETWORK
Wide Services & Interactions
PAN Network
Easy Wireless
Allow seamless roaming between wireless
networks while maintaining Quality of Service
• EUREKA/ITEA project
• ITEA is a project clustering
organisation
Belgium
• funding from each country Finland
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SYNOPSIS
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
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FURTHER READING
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•Easy Wireless
http://ew.thales.no
•Ambient Networks
www.ambient-networks.org
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