Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
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7. Applications
8. Summary / Question and Answers!
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1.0 Introduction
Surge protection
Lightning equipotential Lightning equipotential bonding bonding Room shielding Safety Distance
The measures taken to ensure surge protection, are separate from the installation of a lightning protection system. However, they must be coordinated with the internal lightning protection.
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Chapter 2
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-20
Secondary discharge
0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Note:
The energy effects of all lightning discharges within an ionisation channel are simulated by the test waveform 10/350 s in IEC 61024-1, Protection of structures against lightning, and IEC 61312-1, Protection against lightning electromagnetic impulse (LEMP).
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25
Lightning frequency, %
20
15
10
0-10
30-40
10-20
20-30
40-50
50-60
60-70
70-80
80-90
90-100
120-130
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190-200
130-140
140-150
150-160
160-170
170-180
180-190
110-120
100-110
2.2.2 Parameters of the short duration stroke according IEC 61024-1 and IEC 61312-1
Lightning Current parameters
I
Protection class
II 150 75 5.6 100% 85% III-IV 100
Peak current I(10/350) / (kA) Charge of the impulse current Qs / (C) Specific energy W/R / (MJ/ohm)
Statistically: Negative initial strike Statistically: Positive strike Statistically: Summary of all discharges
200
100
10 100% 90% 99%
50
2.5 100% 80% 98%
98.5%
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Chapter 3
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3.1.2 Effects (direct strike) A direct strike on a building without external lightning protection system
Effects: Due to: charge fire hazard specific energy,
W 2 i dt R 0
Q idt
0
If an electric current flows as a consequence of a lightning strike to a building, energy is converted, heating the part of the building through which the current is conducted to earth.
In addition, material may be melted or ejected at the foot of the strike.
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For a lightning strike on an overhead line, the impedance at the first moment is determined by the surge impedance of the line. This impedance (ZW) is usually in the region of 400 to 500 ohms for a single conductor.
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3.3.2 Effects
Direct strike on a low-voltage overhead line
Effects: Overvoltages (surges) in the lowvoltage network, partial lightning currents due to: Maximum lightning impulse current The preconditions of a direct strike on a lowvoltage overhead line are not the same as for direct strikes on high-voltage overhead lines. The fundamental difference is in the proximity to the building through which the conduction of partial lightning currents is possible.
Source: Kopecky/Aachen
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3.4.2 Effects
A direct strike on a building with an external lightning protection but without equipotential bonding
Effects: Overvoltages, insulation breakdown Due to: Maximum lightning impulse current
L1 L2 L3 PEN
U i Rinstallati on earth
If the lightning current from a lightning strike is diverted to earth, there will be a voltage rise at the earthing point of the installation. This will be carried into the house via the equipotential bonding system. The equipotential bonding for lightning protection (lightning arresters / class B) prevents damage to the electrical installations.
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3.5.2 Effects
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3.7.2 Effects
Switching actions
Effects: Overvoltages (surges) on network lines Due to: Energy being returned to the network
Switching actions occur almost everywhere where work is done with electrical energy. Especially are areas in which large inductive loads are switched, for example: Motors Transformers Chokes Welding equipment Long runs of fluorescent tubes
Source: Kopecky/Aachen
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r v 6000 (IV)
26
22 Switching surges 18 14 10 6 2 Voltage breakdown Short interruptions Temporary voltage rises Harmonics and slow and fast voltage fluctuations
4000 (III)
2500 II
1500 (I)
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Disturbance variables
Vacuum tubes
Immunity to interference
Time
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 Now
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Staircase lighting
Lift Apartments
400 V
230/400 V
230 V
230 V
6000 V
4000 V
2500 V II
1500 V I
IV
III
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LPZ 0/E
LPZ 1 LPZ 2
D
PAS
C
Cable
B
PAS
Screen 2
Earthing system
Screen 1
D Surge arresters to VDE 0675 Part 6 (A1, A2) Requirement class D (<1.5 kV)
Computer, telecommunications and control system cables must also be covered by the equipotential bonding by surge protection devices at their zone interfaces.
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4.1 Equipotential bonding for lightning protection according IEC 61024-1 and IEC 61312-1
50 %
about 10% to the oil pipe (metal tank) about 10% to the sewage pipe about 10% to the power suppliers incoming feed max. 5% or 5 kA shared across all data lines
50 %
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Chapter 5
International Standards
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Air Termination
Down Conductor
Earth Termination
Room Shielding
Safety Distances
IEC 61024-1
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IEC 61024-1
General Principles
IS
ENV 61024-1
IEC 61024-1-1 Guide A: Selection of IS protection levels for LPS IEC 61024-1-2 Guide B: Design, IS installation, maintenance and inspection of LPS
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IS
prEN 61312-1
IEC 61312-2 Shielding, bonding and TS earthing inside structures IEC 61312-3 Requirements of surge TS protective devices IEC 61312-4 Protection of equipment TR in existing structures
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Chapter 6
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Metallic Conductors
Air Gap
The operating voltage can be determined by the distances between the electrodes. Spark gaps are arresters in which two or more electrodes in series are opposed to each other. The electrodes consist of incombustible material ( metal, carbon, etc). If a spark gap fires, the operating voltage collapses to the anode-cathode drop voltage.
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Conducting Materiel
Air Gap
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Electrodes
U (kV)
1
U (kV)
4
0,5
1 S
Input impulse
t/(s)
1 S Output impulse
t/(s)
High Follow Current extinguishing capacity is achieved by connecting Spark Gaps in series, There by splitting the arc.
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Input impulse
t/(ns)
Output impulse
t/(ns)
Varistors are voltage-dependent resistors with a highly non-linear U/I characteristic. The electrical properties arise from a large number of micro-varistors connected in parallel and in series. The transitions between the micro-varistors age under the influence of overvoltages.
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Voltage (V)
U (V)
U (V)
Input impulse
t/(ps)
Output impulse
t/(ps)
Transzorb diodes (also known as suppresser diodes) are diodes that limit both positive and negative voltage. They switch in the picosecond region and are especially well suited for use in data line protection devices.
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Spark gaps
Varistors Varistors are used in surge arrestersand fine protection devices. Unlike other types of arrester, their ability to carry lightning current is limited.
Diodes Transzorb diodes, also known as suppresser diodes, are used as diode arresters only in fine protection devices. They are characterised by a fast response, but their discharge capacity is limited.
High-performance spark gaps have a very high discharge capacity, which is why they are used as lightning arresters.
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IEC 61643-12
Surge Protective Devices Connected to Low-Voltage Power Systems: Selection and application principles
IEC 61643-21
Surge Protective Devices Connected to telecommunication and signalling networks. Performance requirements and testing methods
IEC 61643-22
Surge Protective Devices Connected to telecommunication and Signalling Networks Selection and application principles
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Type 1 / B
Type 2 / C
Type 3 / D
Fine protectors for mobile use and for the top-hat rail.
Tested:
Tested:
Tested:
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Key
a. One-port SPDs
SPD
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b
Z
c. Generic symbol for a two-port SPD c SPD Z Series impedance between input and output terminals
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Ip
t s
c
0 t
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d
U 0 t
U
Z
f. f
U
0
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NOTE : The voltage levels are only representative and not an indication of actual values.
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1. Between two ZnO Varistor based SPDs: Possible only for one port
2. Between a gap based arrester (One port switching type) and a ZnO Varistor based arresters (One port limiting type).
Coordination between Gap based arrester with voltage protection level of < 4KV and a responce time of 200 ns with a ZnO based arrester with a Nominal Discharge Current In of 5 KA requires approximately 27.2 H inductor or 27.2 meter cable for a perfect coordination
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6.6.2 Coordination.
V
3.2 KV
4 KV 4 KV
V2 V1
V t V
800 V
Class C arrester starts discharging. Voltage V1 drops at Class C. Corresponding to di/dt, V2 drops at inductor. When V1+V2 = Voltage protection level of Class B arrester, it starts conducting.
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6.6.3 Response of Class B , C and Inductor for a low voltage High Energy Surge.
4 KV
Class C arrester starts discharging and will clamp the voltage to V1. Inductor starts clamping the voltage. Since di/dt is very low, voltage V1 comes to minimum after the initial rise. Complete energy passes through Class C. If Class B arrester has a low voltage protection level, it has more control on this kind of surge.
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4 KV
V
1.75 KV at 40 KA
Class B arrester never operates since Class C arrester clamps the voltage at less than 2 KV at 40 KA. The entire current flows through Class C arrester resulting in the failure of Class C
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F2
Sub Station Transformer
F1 4 KV
Once Class B arrester is switched on, it shorts the Line and Neutral (or Line and Earth). After the surge current, short circuit current of the network starts flowing through the arrester. Finally the backup fuse F1 or F2 interrupts the short circuit current. Short Circuit current following the surge current is called as follow current. Class B arrester should be capable of extinguishing this follow current without the help of fuse F1 or F2.
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6.8.1 Selection Of Class B arresters for Power Line Protection 1. Enclosure Exhausting / Encapsulated
No Special requirements
Special enclosures with spring loaded doors are generally used. The purpose of spring loaded doors is to open automatically in case of high pressure inside the enclosure due to a Blowout
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Line to Neutral 2 KV
Neutral to Earth
2.5 KV
Line to Neutral 4 KV
Neutral to Earth
1.5 KV
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6.8.3 Selection Of Class B arresters for Power Line Protection 3. Follow Current.
What happened on a spark gap during a surge current?
The spark gap will make an equipotential bonding between line and earth, or line and neutral. That depends where the gap has been installed. So the spark gap will make a short circuit during the surge.
During the whole time, the nominal voltage of 230V is still on our spark gap. So this nominal voltage pushes now a short circuit current over your shorted spark gap arrester.
Follow Current
The short circuit current following the surge current is called as Follow Current. Follow current is equal to the peak short circuit capacity of the network. The class B arrester should eliminate (cut off) this short circuit current without the help of Back up Fuse. Short circuit value can be calculated based on the transformer capacity and the distance between the transformer and installation. Approximately 10 to 15KA will be ideal for telecom installations. Otherwise this will blow the fuses in case of a Lightning
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6.8.4 Selection Of Class B arresters for Power Line Protection 4. Follow current: Fuse Selection of Class B Arrester
Short Circuit at installation Point in KA
1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4
5,6,10 &25
Fuse selection of Class B Arrester with Short Circuit extinguishing capacity of 4KA 35 50 63 80 100 100 125 Higher values of short circuit current will cause the backup fuse to blow.
Use of backup fuse higher than 125 Amps will cause the surge arrester to fail due to excessive follow through current
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Impulse current
Protection level Response time Series fuse
Iimp
Up
: B according VDE 0675, part 6 : Type 1 according IEC 61643-1 : Spark gap / Exhausting (Blow out type) : 60 kA(10/350) per pole for LA60-B 100 KA (10/350) for LA100-B : < 4 kV : < 100 ns : separate backup fuse required
Application:
Where there is an external lightning protection installation, overhead line feed and high network availability.
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Where there is an external lightning protection installation, overhead line feed and high network availability. In industrial plants and for high lightning protection classes.
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Impulse current Iimp Discharge current Imax Protection level Up Responce time Mark of conformity
Application:
Where there is an external lightning protection installation, overhead line feed and high network availability. Lightning arrester for the installation between N and PE.
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6.9.4
Advantage for the installer by using the OBO LightningController MC 50-B VDE and MC 125-B/NPE No minimum distances through other electrical installations! No special housing necessary!
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6..9.5 LightningController MC
LightningController MC
Tested according:
E DIN VDE 0675 Teil 6 + A1 + A2 IEC 61643-1 + 37 A/95/CDV
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2,0 kV
2,5 kV
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Applicable 6.9.7 Class B & Class C together Grid Surge only for Class B arrester with a response time less than 100 nano sec
No Inductor / Distance
1.3 KV 700 V
MCD 50-B
V20-C 1.3 KV at In
1.3 KV
MCD50-B arresters switches at a low voltage of 700 volt if the energy content is more. Initially Class C arrester starts discharging when the voltage V1 continues for more time, Class B arrester switches at a low voltage thereby reduces the stress on Class C arrester.
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CombiController V25-B+C
Requirement class Requirement class Principle of operation Impulse current Iimp Discharge current Imax Protection level Up Series fuse
Mark of conformity Application:
: B + C according VDE 0675 : Type 1 + 2 according IEC : Varistor technology : 25 kA(10/350) per 4-pole block : 200 kA(8/20) per 4-pole block : < 2 kV : no separate series fuse in installations below 160 A : EZU, MEEI, VdS- approved
Where there is an external lightning protection installation, overhead line feed and high network availability. VdS-approved.
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SurgeController V20-C
Requirement class Requirement class Principle of operation Discharge current Imax Nom. discharge current In Protection level Up Series fuse Mark of conformity Application: : C according VDE 0675, part 6 : Type 2 according IEC 61643-1 : Varistor technology : 40 kA(8/20) per pole : 20 kA(8/20) per pole : < 1,3 kV : no separate series fuse in installations below 125 A : VE, UL, KEMA, EZU, MEEI
Surge arrester for the installing in the main- and sub- distribution boards.
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7. Application
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no
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Class 1(B) and Class 2(C) protectionfor Lightning & Surge Voltage Protection Equipment in TT System (As per IEC 61024-1, IEC 61312-1, VDE V0100-534)
TO EQUIPMENT
F4 F5 F6
R
AC DISTRIBUTION PANEL IN POWER ROOM AC COMMERCIAL MAINS
R Y B
F1 F2 F3
Y B
SPD 3
SPD 2
SPD 1
SPD 7
SPD 6
N
SPD 4 SPD 8
PE
EARTH (Class 1 / B) (Class 2/ C)
PE F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6 SPD1, SPD2, SPD3 SPD4 SPD5, SPD6, SPD7 SPD8 LV / HV Iimp Iin
-: -: -: -: -: -: -: -: -: -:
Protective Earth Fuses of Proper Rating Surge Protection Devices of rating Iimp 50KA, 10/350s Surge Protection Devices of rating Iimp 100KA, 10/350s Surge Protection Devices of rating Iin 10KA, 8/20s Surge Protection Devices of rating Iin 20KA, 8/20s Low / High Voltage Disconnector Value of Lightning Impulse Current 10/350s Value of Nominal Discharge Current 8/20s Co-ordination cable element
Note : The above system is for three phase configuration. For single phase one phase conductor and one neutral wire shall be used
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SPD 5
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Class 1 and Class 2 arresters in enclosure with standard inductor. Suitable for small and medium exchanges in TT network
TO EQUIPMENT 6 7 8 9 11 5 12 4 13 10 14 PE
Body earthing of all electronic equipments in the exchange. Direct earth connection from the body of equipment to outside earth pit is not permitted.
1
R Y B AC COMMERCIAL MAINS 2 3
EBB
To earth pit
-: Protective Earth -: Fuses of Proper Rating -: Surge Protection Devices of rating Iimp >50KA, 10/350s -: Surge Protection Devices of rating Iimp > 100KA, 10/350s -: Surge Protection Devices of rating In > 10KA, 8/20s -: Surge Protection Devices of rating In > 20KA, 8/20s -: Value of Lightning Impulse Current 10/350s -: Value of Nominal Discharge Current 8/20s -: Equipotential bonding bar : Inductor (made by the SPD manufacturer
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Earthing
Incoming panel
Surge arresters
Power plant
Exchange
Telephone Lines
PE
Battery
Other RF devices PE
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Earthing
Incoming panel
Surge arresters
Power plant
Exchange
Telephone Lines
PE
Battery
Other RF devices
PE
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Earthing
Incoming panel P E
Surge arresters
Power plant
Exchange
B1
Battery
Other RF devices P E
P E
B1-Special bonding device to bond different earthnigs, 100 KA with voltage protection level 1300 V
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Used for signaling / train movement between station. Stations are interconnected either by overhead line or by UG cable. 20 to 35 volt signals are transmitted from the stations depending upon the distance between stations. 12 volt signal is received at the stations. Transmission and reception is done through the same lines. The same line is also used for voice conversation.
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9,2, Vanchiadithan New Street, Vadasery, Nagercoil 629001. Ph. 04652 277079 / 275197. fax. 04652 274352
Surge arresters with a discharge capacity of 20 KA were installed in Castle rock railway station which has a high lightning prone place. These arrester were burnt during the lightning as well as it was not capable of protecting the instrument. (A number of pieces burnt. Might be all the devices installed) The failure of the arrester may be due to high discharge current (more than 20 KA) entering through the overhead lines. Arrester with a high discharge current handling capacity is required for this application
9,2, Vanchiadithan New Street, Vadasery, Nagercoil 629001. Ph. 04652 277079 / 275197. fax. 04652 274352
Stage 1
Stage 2
A two stage protection is recommended for this type of devices. MOV based arrester with a maximum discharge current handling capacity of 40 KA per pole with in built thermal disconnector and dynamic disconnector is recommended on stage1 as per the drawing. Class D type arrester designed for 12V DC should be used in the line connected to the coil of pickup relay. Class D type arrester designed for 48V DC should be used in the line connected to the contact of transmission relay. We recommend to install these devices in 2 stations most proven for lightning for at least 6 months.
9,2, Vanchiadithan New Street, Vadasery, Nagercoil 629001. Ph. 04652 277079 / 275197. fax. 04652 274352
Stage 1
Line 2
Line 1
Stage 2
In stage 1 protection, 2 devices are connected to each line. Hence the total discharge capacity is 80 KA. Stage 1 protection is required only in places where over head lines are used. For places where UG cables are used, only stage 2 protection is required. If the installation is in places where lightning's are very less, only one Class D type arrester 48 V DC can be used for the complete Block Instrument. Specification of each devices is as below.
9,2, Vanchiadithan New Street, Vadasery, Nagercoil 629001. Ph. 04652 277079 / 275197. fax. 04652 274352
4.
5. 6. 7.
8.
9.
9,2, Vanchiadithan New Street, Vadasery, Nagercoil 629001. Ph. 04652 277079 / 275197. fax. 04652 274352
Stage 2 Protection : For output to the contact of transmission relay as well as for the input and output of telephone .
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Rated current : : 1Amps Nominal Voltage : 48 V Maximum continuous operating voltage : 53 Volt Nominal discharge current : 10 KA Voltage protection level : 100V Series Inductance : 100H Connection wires : 0.14 to 2.5 mm 2 Fixing : Rail mounting type.
9,2, Vanchiadithan New Street, Vadasery, Nagercoil 629001. Ph. 04652 277079 / 275197. fax. 04652 274352
L1 Interconnection
L2
L1
L2
Bonding Local Equipotentialisation bonding has to be done by connecting the body of Block instrument, earth terminal of all class D arresters (stage 2 protection as well as devices connected to the DC input to of block instrument.
9,2, Vanchiadithan New Street, Vadasery, Nagercoil 629001. Ph. 04652 277079 / 275197. fax. 04652 274352
2
EBB
DC inputs to Block instrument PE Earth wire to the building ground
PE Local bonding bar EBB- Equipotential bonding bar of the room 1. 2. 3. Stage 1 protection Stage 2 protection Arresters for the DC input to Block instrument
9,2, Vanchiadithan New Street, Vadasery, Nagercoil 629001. Ph. 04652 277079 / 275197. fax. 04652 274352
Battery Room
AC Panel 2 AC Panel 1 SMR Panel
ASM ROOM
Rack1
C/O Panel
SSI
Rack2 Relay panel
DC Panel
1. 2.
Body of all devices in the SSI room is connected via metallic cable trays. Body of SSI and relay panels are connected to the common bonding bar with copper cables. Body earthing of axle counter is connected separately on the backside of the room Common bonding bar is connected to earth pits in front of the room via copper cables. Body of all devices in IPS room are interconnected through metallic cable trays. Body of IPS and change over panels are connected to bonding bar in the room via copper cable. Bonding bar in the IPS room is connected to earth pits via copper cables.
EP4
EP5
EP6
3. 4.
Tree
Tree
5. 6. 7.
EP1
EP2
EP3
EP-Earth pit
9,2, Vanchiadithan New Street, Vadasery, Nagercoil 629001. Ph. 04652 277079 / 275197. fax. 04652 274352
SSI
Axle Counter Relays
From SM Room
Inter connections
RS485 port
Rack1
Rack2
Relay panel
1. DC and AC Power for SSI as well as PC is received from IPS Interconnections between SSI main rack and control panel situated in the nearby building and routed through metallic pipes. AC and DC power for control panel and control PC are routed through metallic pipes. RS485 interconnecting wires are routed through metallic pipes connected between the 2 buildings.
P C
PAS or Common Bonding/Earthing Bar
2.
3. 4.
9,2, Vanchiadithan New Street, Vadasery, Nagercoil 629001. Ph. 04652 277079 / 275197. fax. 04652 274352
Gidhni site plan: Possible chances of Coupling of partial Lightning Currents through metallic pipes
connected between two buildings. Power and data cables are routed through these pipes
Axle Counter
SM Room
IPS room
TVSS
AC Panel
AC Panel
SMR Panel
C/O Panel
Battery Room
PC
Control Panel
Rack1
Rack2
Relay panel
DC Panel
Note: It is clear that there are no lightning and transient protection devices provided at the SSI end to protect the inputs (or outputs) against any surge coming from outside source.
EP4
EP5
Tree Tree
EP6
EP1
EP2
EP3
9,2, Vanchiadithan New Street, Vadasery, Nagercoil 629001. Ph. 04652 277079 / 275197. fax. 04652 274352
Problem of safety distance. Lightning strike on the wall of the buildings or on the nearby objects can create Inductive coupling of the metallic parts inside the buildings due to the
high potential created during the current flow.
wall
General
Tall Objects
R Electronic installation
R L
L
Electronic installation
SSI: Gidhni site plan Possible chances of Coupling of partial Lightning Currents due to spread of radiation if a lighting strikes very close to the building.
Axle Counter IPS room Battery Room
SSI
Rack1 Rack2 Relay panel
EP4
EP5
EP6
Tree
Tree
EP1
EP2
EP3
EP-Earth pit
Note: Drg. Shown above is schematic for explanation of radiation caused due to lightning and does not include all the elements (cabinets) of site.
9,2, Vanchiadithan New Street, Vadasery, Nagercoil 629001. Ph. 04652 277079 / 275197. fax. 04652 274352
Over Voltage in the ground created a high potential in the body of all devices connected to ground. The devices which are having the lowest breakdown voltages will damage immediately. If the voltage is so high, splashovers will happen. Probably the Lightning arrester connected in IPS room must have operated at 2 KV and diverted the current to the power source. Otherwise there would have been flashes on PCBs.
Axle Counter
SSI
Rack1 Rack2 Relay panel
EP4
EP5
EP6
Note: Red colour shows how the radiation starting ground EP2, EP3 and EP5, moves to the room and affects all equipments connected.
Tree
Tree
EP2
EP3
9,2, Vanchiadithan New Street, Vadasery, Nagercoil 629001. Ph. 04652 277079 / 275197. fax. 04652 274352
SM Room
IPS room
TVSS
AC Panel
AC Panel
SMR Panel
C/O Panel
Battery Room
PC
Control Panel
Rack1
Rack2
Relay panel
DC Panel
Actual following was found at site : Failure occurred on both PCs, Control panel, SSI main rack PCBs, one output of IPS. No failure on the IPS Inputs, Lightning and Surge arresters are installed. No failure on output of IPS, SPDs installed on all outputs. Recommendations. (Surge arresters should be installed in the following places) Power supply of PC affected. Recommended device 3. VF 230 AC
Tree
EP4
EP5
EP6
Tree
24 V and 12 V DC Power supply inputs to SSI. Recommended Device. VF24 DC for 24 V and VF12 DC for 12 V RS485 ports affected. Recommended Device 2. SD25 V11 / 25 230 V AC output from IPS No failure occurred. May be due to the presence of SPD RS 485 ports of Monitoring PC also require protection. Recommended Device 2. SD25 V11 / 25 Non Vital inputs device 1. LSA-BF-24 9,2, Vanchiadithan NewRecommended Street, Vadasery, Nagercoil 629001. Ph. 04652 277079 / 275197. fax. 04652 274352
EP1
EP2
EP3
SM Room
IPS room
TVSS
AC Panel
AC Panel
SMR Panel
C/O Panel
Battery Room
PC
Control Panel
Rack1
Rack2
Relay panel
DC Panel
Non Vital inputs affected. Recommended device 1. LSA-BF-24 RS485 ports affected. Recommended Device 2. SD25 V11 / 25 Power supply of PC affected. Recommended device 3. VF 230 AC 230 V AC output from IPS No failure occurred. May be due to the presence of SPD RS 485 ports of Monitoring PC also require protection. Recommended Device 2. SD25 V11 / 25
Tree Tree
EP4
EP5
EP6
EP1
EP2
EP3
9,2, Vanchiadithan New Street, Vadasery, Nagercoil 629001. Ph. 04652 277079 / 275197. fax. 04652 274352
SSI - Recommendation
Axle Counter
SM Room
IPS room
TVSS
AC Panel
AC Panel
SMR Panel
C/O Panel
Battery Room
PC
Control Panel
Rack1
Rack2
Relay panel
DC Panel
Earth busbar fro from SSI room has to be Earthing directly SSI to connected through the common earth bus earth pit is not recommended bar in the IPS room.
EP4 EP5
Tree
EP6
Tree
EP1
EP2
EP3
9,2, Vanchiadithan New Street, Vadasery, Nagercoil 629001. Ph. 04652 277079 / 275197. fax. 04652 274352
SUMMARY
Electrical Connections to Microlok and Computers from IPS
1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3. 24 V DC 12 V DC 230 V AC (for PC) Vital inputs from relay panel Non Vital inputs from Station control room RS485 ports from PCs
4.
5. 1.
2.
3.
Induced EMF on the cables connected between two buildings through metalic pipes
Difference in potential rise of SSI room and IPS room earth may create flash over.
9,2, Vanchiadithan New Street, Vadasery, Nagercoil 629001. Ph. 04652 277079 / 275197. fax. 04652 274352
Recommended SPDs
24V DC - VF24 DC
12V DC - VF12 DC 230 V AC VF230 AC on the input of PCs RS485 Ports SD25 V11 / 25 All non vital inputs and outputs from the Microlok to the control panel.. LSABF-24 LSA-BF-24 device for Control panel inputs and outputs One no spark gap between the two earth so that in case of excess voltage rise in one earth, the effect is neutralized.
Item no 1 to 4 can be implemented in the first phase and item no. 5 and 6 can be implemented on the next phase.
9,2, Vanchiadithan New Street, Vadasery, Nagercoil 629001. Ph. 04652 277079 / 275197. fax. 04652 274352
Installations should be based on IEC 60364-5-534. Where lightning arresters are used before the meter, for Germany the TAB (Technische Anschlu Bedingungen) conditions of the VDEW must be observed.
Parallel installation between unprotected conductors (eg to the meter) and protected conductors (eg supply voltage) must be avoided.
The lines to the arrester elements should not be more than 0.5 metres long, so that no excessive voltage rise can take place in serious cases. The earth of the arrester must always be bonded with the earth of the consumer installation. If the PE busbar of a distribution board are used, the PE busbar must be connected to the installation earthing point by a connection which is capable to carry the lightning current (16 mm to the equipotential bonding bar).
9,2, Vanchiadithan New Street, Vadasery, Nagercoil 629001. Ph. 04652 277079 / 275197. fax. 04652 274352
If it is not possible to apply the recommended line length ( 0.5m), the surge protection devices should not be connected with a spur line, but in a V-shape. Take care to run the outgoing and return lines as far apart as possible.
0.5 m
9,2, Vanchiadithan New Street, Vadasery, Nagercoil 629001. Ph. 04652 277079 / 275197. fax. 04652 274352
9,2, Vanchiadithan New Street, Vadasery, Nagercoil 629001. Ph. 04652 277079 / 275197. fax. 04652 274352
IN
OUT
9,2, Vanchiadithan New Street, Vadasery, Nagercoil 629001. Ph. 04652 277079 / 275197. fax. 04652 274352
Wiring
Loping of Wires
Input and output wires to the arrester box should be clearly separated.
9,2, Vanchiadithan New Street, Vadasery, Nagercoil 629001. Ph. 04652 277079 / 275197. fax. 04652 274352
9,2, Vanchiadithan New Street, Vadasery, Nagercoil 629001. Ph. 04652 277079 / 275197. fax. 04652 274352
Chapter 8
Summary
9,2, Vanchiadithan New Street, Vadasery, Nagercoil 629001. Ph. 04652 277079 / 275197. fax. 04652 274352
OBO- Bettermann gives a 5 years product guarantee of all overvoltage protection devices
9,2, Vanchiadithan New Street, Vadasery, Nagercoil 629001. Ph. 04652 277079 / 275197. fax. 04652 274352
9,2, Vanchiadithan New Street, Vadasery, Nagercoil 629001. Ph. 04652 277079 / 275197. fax. 04652 274352
Energy supply
Telecommunications
The best lightning and surge protection will be ineffective unless every incoming line to the building is included!
All protectors for the different kind of applications you find in the OBO Bettermann TBS product range!
9,2, Vanchiadithan New Street, Vadasery, Nagercoil 629001. Ph. 04652 277079 / 275197. fax. 04652 274352
9,2, Vanchiadithan New Street, Vadasery, Nagercoil 629001. Ph. 04652 277079 / 275197. fax. 04652 274352