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Other Names Disease Caused Anamorph: Eumycotic -Scedosporium mycetoma apiospermum -Graphium apiospermum
Microscopic Hyphae Broad, septated Others Unicellular brownish conidia develop on hyphae or erect annellophore
Colony Appearance Obverse White and fluffy becoming brownblack Reverse Gray to black Yeast
Notes Teleomorph -with sexual ascocorps (cleisthotheciastructure that encloses conidia) -walls=2-3 layers of septate interwoven hyphae -with asci from cleisthothecia -each ascus develop ascospores
Sporothrix schenckii
Cream to white with black glaborous texture, may develop dark pigments MATURE: flat leathery to velvet and black Olive green- olive gray to black spreading and flat (velvety or wooly) Gray-green or olive green to grayish lavender spreading heaped or folded Olive green gray black flat
Fonsecaea pedrosoi
Chromobla Dark brown stomycosis septate branching Chromobla Greenish stomycosis brown septate
Jet black
3 types of conidiation: = Rhinocladiella (1 and 2) =cladosporidium Sclerotic bodies (copper pennies) in chain/ clusters
Cladophialophora carrionii
Tree like conidiation; lateral/terminal, pale, greenish brown; distal ends are slightly swollen with long branching chains of blastoconidia Conidiogenous cells develop laterally/ terminally from hyphae (Conidiophores are indistinguishable from the hyphae)
Jet black
Wangiella dermaditidis
Bipolaris
Phaeohypo Pale brown Straight, fusiform to mycosis pseudosepta ellipsoidal, rounded at te conidia both ends, smooth to finely roughened and germinates only from the ends
Curvularia
Phaeohypo Dematiaceou Conidiophores are mycosis s simple or branched and are bent, darkly pigmented multicellular conidia with traverse septa producing whorls Phaeohypo grayish short Conidia: acropetal mycosis aerial chains and produce hyphae germ tubes
Large dark conidia with darker swollen central cells resembling a crescent roll or curved appearance
Alternaria
Brown to black
ovoid, darkly pigmented dark brown/ dark muriform, smooth or green with a white roughened fringe large club shaped and beaked Basiodiobolus Entomopht Vegetative horales hyphae Smooth thick walled zygospores Flat yellowish gray to creamy gray glaborous becoming radially folded and covered by a fine powdery white surface mycelium Flat, cream colored, glaborous becoming radially folded and covered by fine white powdery surface tan to brown Lacazia loboi/ Loboa loboi Keloidal blastomycosis or lobo's disease Lobomycos is Satellite colonies are often formed by germinating conidia
Conidiobolus
Entomopht horales
Simple forming terminal conidia which are spherical, single celled and have a prominent papilla
Conidia may be also produce hair like appendages called vilae conidia germinate to produce 1. single/ multiple hyphal tubes or 2. replace by producing multiple short conidiophores each, bearing a small 2 conidium
Chronic localized, subepidermal infxn. Keloidal, verrucoid, nodular lesions vegetating crusty plaques and tumors
Rhinosporidium seeberi
rhinosporid iosis
Now under kingdom protista infects mucosa of nasal cavity producing a mass like lesion with a granular surface with whitish spores Strawberry like mullberry mass affect lacrimal gland and also the skin and genitalia
Systemic mycoses
Other names
Colony White beige to brown waxy glaborous texture prickly at center reverse: tan to brown
Microscopic Other Ropelike strands fine hyaline and septate hyphae Conidia Hyaline pyriform or globose thick smooth wall of the conidia are doubly refractile (lollipop) Yeast
Serology Spherical to A and B pyriform A- more broad based useful budding yeast figure 8 or hourglass
Notes dimorphic
Coccidioides -San Joaquin immitis fever -Desert fever -Posada's dse -Desert rheumatism
Coccidioidomycosi White, floccose s white to gray but More severe in: strains with -dark skinned lavender buff -pregnancy(high cinnamon, yellow/ levels of estradiol brown-black and reverse: tan to progesterone) dark brown/ Reservoir: orange -alkaline desert soil -dust storms -desert rodents
Membranous or glaborous with hyphae cob webs racquet hyphae, septate hyaline
Coccidioidin Disjuctors/ disjuncture - mold cells (mold form)contains the spherulinarthroconidia, fragment yeast when mature freeing the arthroconidia Arthroconidia- single celled, barrel shaped/rectangular mature contains endospores and asteroid bodies. In host tissues: spherules are round and refractive usually have thick walls
Histoplasma -Darling's dse capsulatum -Spelunker's -caver's -tingo -maria fever reticuloendotheli osis reticuloendotheli alcytomycosis Teleomorph: Ajellomyces capsulatus
var capsulatum (fungal respiratory) var duboisii african (bones and skin) var farciminosum epizootic Reservoir: -soil with high Na -droppings of chickens and bats -poultry house litters
Mold: White beige brown fluffy glaborous/ wooly yeast: White, light tan mucoid, rough membranous
Dimorphic unique risk factors: -airborne transmission -highly contagious -epidemics involve inhalation of large # of conidia -not threat to immune compromised
MOT: Airborne
Mold: Very fine young: white to hyaline septate Risk factors: cream with short, -adult males downy aerial -malnutrition and mycelia and immunocompromi elevated centers sed mature: flat, with a membranous or velvety texture and cerebriform or folded topography pigment beige or brown/ yellow White to cream and opaque, mucoid Spherical budding encapsulated rarely short hyphal forms are seen and filamentous variants have been isolated
Reservoir and unique risk factors: -plants -armadillos -acid soil in humid areas
Cryptococc India ink al capsular polysacchar disease of the brain and ide antigen meninges inhalation of basidiospores