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6241/01

Examiners use only

Edexcel GCE

Team Leaders use only

Chemistry
Advanced Subsidiary
Unit Test 1
Wednesday 3 June 2009 Morning
Time: 1 hour

Question Leave
Number Blank

1
2
3
4
5

Materials required for examination

Nil

Items included with question papers

Nil

Candidates may use a calculator.

Instructions to Candidates
In the boxes above, write your centre number, candidate number, your surname, initial(s) and
signature.
Check that you have the correct question paper. The paper reference is shown above.
Answer ALL the questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this question paper.
Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box ( ). If you change your mind about an
answer, put a line through the box ( ) and then mark your new answer with a cross ( ).
Do not use pencil. Use blue or black ink.
Show all the steps in any calculations and state the units.

Information for Candidates

The marks for individual questions and parts of questions are shown in round brackets: e.g. (2).
The total mark for this paper is 60. There are 16 pages in this question paper. Any blank pages are
indicated.
A Periodic Table is printed on the back cover of this question paper.

Advice to Candidates
You are reminded of the importance of clear English and careful presentation in your answers.

Total
This publication may be reproduced only in accordance with
Edexcel Limited copyright policy.
2009 Edexcel Limited.
Printers Log. No.

N33861A
W850/R6241/57570 7/7/7/3/

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Answer ALL the questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
1.

A sample of nitrogen contains two isotopes with mass numbers 14 and 15.
(a) In terms of particles in the nucleus, state ONE similarity and ONE difference between
these isotopes.
Similarity .......................................................................................................................
Difference .....................................................................................................................
(2)
(b) Give the mass/charge ratio (m/e) values at which peaks corresponding to the N2+ ion
will be seen on the mass spectrum of molecular nitrogen.
.......................................................................................................................................
(2)
(c) Write the symbol of the nitrogen species that contains 14 protons, 14 neutrons and
13 electrons, giving the symbol, atomic number and mass number.
.......................................................................................................................................
(2)

Q1

(Total 6 marks)

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2.

(a) Nitrogen and phosphorus are in the same group of the Periodic Table and form
compounds with hydrogen and chlorine.
(i) State the number of bond pairs and lone pairs of electrons around a phosphorus
atom in a molecule of phosphorus trichloride, PCl3.
Bond pairs of electrons .............................
Lone pairs of electrons ..............................
(1)
(ii) Use your answer to (i) to deduce the shape of the molecule. State the approximate
ClPCl bond angle that you would expect.
Shape .....................................................................................................................
Bond angle .............................................................................................................
(2)
(iii) Explain why phosphorus trichloride has this shape and this bond angle.
...............................................................................................................................
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(2)
(b) Phosphorus forms two chlorides, PCl3 and PCl5. Nitrogen can only form one chloride,
NCl3.
Suggest why nitrogen cannot form NCl5 but phosphorus can form PCl5.
.......................................................................................................................................
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(2)

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(c) Explain, in terms of the intermolecular forces in both substances, the difference in
melting temperature between
(i) nitrogen, N2, 210 C and phosphorus, P4, 44 C
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
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(2)
(ii) ammonia, NH3, 78 C and phosphine, PH3, 133 C
...............................................................................................................................
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(3)

Q2

(Total 12 marks)

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3.

(a) (i) Write the equation for the reaction between potassium chloride, KCl, and
concentrated sulphuric acid, H2SO4. State symbols are not required.
...............................................................................................................................
(1)
(ii) Identify the THREE gases produced, other than steam, when concentrated
sulphuric acid is added to potassium bromide, KBr.
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
(2)
(iii) What type of reaction takes place between potassium bromide and concentrated
sulphuric acid?
...............................................................................................................................
(1)
(iv) Explain why chlorides react differently to bromides with concentrated sulphuric
acid.
...............................................................................................................................
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(2)

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(b) For the following questions put a cross ( ) in the box of the correct answer. If you
change your mind about the answer, put a line through the box ( ) and then mark
your new answer with a cross ( ).
From the following equations
A

Br2 + 2I I2 + 2Br

Cl2 + 2Br Br2 + 2Cl

3ClO ClO3 + 2Cl

2Fe + 3Cl2 2FeCl3

(i) identify the equation which represents a useful extraction from sea water.

A
B
C
D
(1)
(ii) identify the equation which represents a disproportionation reaction.

A
B
C
D
(1)

Q3

(Total 8 marks)

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4.

(a) Complete the electronic configuration of a calcium atom.

1s2...................................................................................................................................
(1)
(b) (i) Name the type of bonding that exists in solid calcium and explain its nature.
Type .......................................................................................................................
Explanation ............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
(3)
(ii) Explain why calcium is a good conductor of electricity.
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
(1)
(c) When calcium reacts with water, the calcium gets smaller and heat is produced.
Ca + 2H2O Ca(OH)2 + H2
(i) Give TWO other observations you would expect to make.
Observation 1.........................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
Observation 2.........................................................................................................
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(ii) Calculate the volume of hydrogen produced when 2.5 g of calcium reacts with an
excess of water.
[Molar volume of gas under the conditions of the experiment = 24 dm3 mol1.]

(2)
(d) (i) Write the equation for the process occurring when the second ionisation energy
of calcium is measured.
...............................................................................................................................
(2)
(ii) State and explain the trend in the second ionisation energies of the Group 2
elements.
...............................................................................................................................
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(4)

Q4

(Total 15 marks)

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5.

(a) (i) Write equations to show the action of heat on the following solid nitrates.
State symbols are not required.
Lithium nitrate, LiNO3
...............................................................................................................................
Sodium nitrate, NaNO3
...............................................................................................................................
(3)
(ii) State and explain the trend in thermal stability of the Group 1 nitrates, in terms
of sizes and charges of the ions.
Trend ......................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
Explanation ............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
(4)
(b) (i) Sodium reacts with oxygen to form sodium peroxide, Na2O2.
2Na + O2 Na2O2
Calculate the mass of sodium needed to produce 1.0 g of sodium peroxide.

(3)

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(ii) Sodium peroxide, when added to water, reacts as follows

Na2O2 + 2H2O 2NaOH + H2O2
Calculate the amount (moles) of sodium hydroxide, NaOH, formed from 1.0 g of
sodium peroxide.

(1)
(iii) If 50.0 cm3 of solution was formed in (ii), calculate the concentration of sodium
hydroxide in mol dm3.
Give your answer to two significant figures.

(2)

Q5

(Total 13 marks)

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6.

(a) Deduce the oxidation numbers of iodine in

KIO4 .....................................................
I2O5 .......................................................

(2)

(b) (i) Iodide ions, I, can be oxidised to iodine, I2.

Write the ionic half-equation for this reaction.
................................................................................................................................
(1)
(ii) Iodate(V) ions, IO3, in a solution containing hydrogen ions, H+, can be reduced
to iodine and water.
Write the ionic half-equation for this reaction.
...............................................................................................................................
(2)
(iii) Use the half-equations in (i) and (ii) to write the overall ionic equation for the
reaction between iodide and iodate(V) ions in acidic solution.

(1)
(Total 6 marks)
TOTAL FOR PAPER: 60 MARKS

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