Tooth-mucosa borne (extension base) partial denture design The extension base or toothe-mucosa borne partial denture derives

support from the dento-alveolar and mucosa-osseuo segments. Movements of a distal extention base in response to forces force Mastication (unilateral) Parafunction (clenching) Resultant movements Tissueward movement of the extension base on the loaded side Rotation around a longitudinal axis formed by the ridge crest Dislodging (lifting) of the denture base on the opposite side Tissueward movement of the extension base bilaterally Rotation around the fulcrum line axis Buccolingual movement of the partial denture Rotating around vertical axis near center of arch Movement of extention base away from the ridge Rotation around the retentive fulcrum line axis .the axis passes through the two retentive clasp terminals when direc retention is absent Counteracted by Denture base Maxillary major connector Minor connectors Clasp assemblies Artificial tooth placement Rests

Longitudinal axis

Fulcrum line axis

Mastication (bilateral) Parafunction (clenching) swallowing

Denture base Maxillary major connector Non-stress directing Clasp assemblies rests Denture base Maxillary major connector Minor connectors Clasp bracing components

Vertical axis

Retentive fulcrum line axis

Mastication loading forces may appear obliquely generating horizontal components of force Parafunctional (bruxing) Mastication (sticky foods) Muscles of lips,tongue and cheeks

Direct retainers Indirect retainers Guiding planes and minor connectors Gravity (mandibular)

Diagnostic considerations Evaluate dento-aleveolar support potential ( teeth , periodontium and alveolar bone )

 Evaluate muco-osseous support potential (mucosa,submucosa and basal bone ) Evaluate potential of applied forces (opposing occlusion,muscular force potential,parafunctional habits ,length of edentulous span,history of prosthesis failure and histore of poor tissue tolerance ) Design consideration Optimum muco-osseous support ,Optimum dento-alveolar support,Equitable distribution of forces and Reduction of forces applied to the extension base

Factors determining the selection of majer connectors Support Location of dentulous area Anticipater loss of natural teeth Functional depth of the lingual vestibule Inclination of the remating teeth Tissue restrictions Patient preference

Factors determining the selection of denture bases Support adjusments

Factor determining the selection clasp assemblies Distribution of forces Location of undercuts Minimal tooth and minimal gingival Esthetics Clasps on previous removable partial denture

Comparative movments of clasps during function Clasp with mesial rests , clasp with distal rests Mechanics of commonly used clasp assemblies that do not provide stress release Circlet clasp assembly (akers) and embrasure clasp assembly Mechanics of commonly used clasp assemblies that provide strees release RPI clasp assembly , RPC clasp assembly ,cast circumferntial and wrought wire circumferential clasp ,back action clasp and additional clasp designs )