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Culture Shock
the physical and emotional discomfort produced when a person moves to a culture different from the place of origin.
Causes?
Conflict and uncertainty between onesvaluesandthose of the new culture Not knowing the language
Isolation
Not knowing the rules and how to behave Lack of supporting network and other relations Lack of information (rights, standards, services (e.g. Child care)) Trying too hard to absorb everything in the new culture Inability to solve simple problems, Systems of work differ personality characteristics considered positive for business success at home (e.g. competitiveness, aggressiveness, short term orientation) may be liabilities abroad contributing to culture shock
Symptoms
Emotional symptoms
Sadness, loneliness, melancholy Changes in temperament depression Feelings of denial and rejection Anger, resentment, unwillingness to interact with others
Longing for family, identifying with/ idealizing the old culture
Loss of identity and self-esteem Feelings of incompetence
Physical symptoms
headaches, Aches, pains
Fatigue
loss of appetite diarrhoea
Allergies
Insomnia desire to sleep too much
Intellectual symptoms
New culture is wrong
Developing stereotypes about the new culture Aggression/Racismtowardslocals"rude","dirty","lazy
2. Transition:Irritabilityandnegativism(Hostility Withdrawal) Individual now has more face to face experiences of the culture and starts to find things different, strange and frustrating. behaviour of people seen as unusual and unpredictable Begin to dislike the culture and react negatively to the behaviour Feel anxious Start to withdraw Begin to criticize, mock or show animosity to the people. Conscious Incompetence
3. Adjustment : Gradual adjustment and adaptation (Humour ) individual now has a routine, feels more settled and is more confident in dealing with the new culture.
4. Acceptance: Integration and bi-culturalism (Home) individual now feels 'at home'. Enjoy being in the culture, Function well in the culture, begin to feel comfortable and take steps to become more familiar . with the culture, Prefer certain cultural traits of the new culture rather than their own Unconscious Competence
Ethnocentric Stages
Ethnorelative Stages
Ethnocentric Stages
Denial
Denying the existence of differences or even the existence of other cultures or practices.
Defensiveness
Recognizing a cultural practice as different by labeling it wrong or inferior.
Or,bylabelingonesownpracticesuperior.
Minimization
Recognizing differences, but labeling them relatively superficial, implying that, deep down, we are all the same.
Usually that they are just like us not that we are just like them
Ethno-relative Stages
Acceptance
Accepting that another cultural practice is valid (for that culture) whether one agrees with it, or is skilled at practicing it.
Adaptation
Developing skill at a different cultural practice in order to function effectively in that culture.
Integration
Developing the skills and abilities to change cultural practices and points of view, as the situation calls for it.
Sometimes being so adaptable as to not be able to identify strongly with any one culture.
Amount of Trait
In this example, there is some overlap, but the two cultures are mostly different
Pre-Trip
After Adaptation
Culture Shock
After Adaptation
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SFbPCj_cajY&feature=fvst
new experiences are exciting feel fortunate for chance to move abroad. people are friendly, you smile a lot, in control your own sense of culture is not threatened
be a tourist make contacts in clubs and associations, sign up for some activities join a language course
daily frustrations can build into disillusionment the good things of home loom large
look after yourself, exercise, avoid alcohol get out, be with people continue language practice keep busy set daily goals and try to
Integration
(3-6 months)
a sense of standing up to the things and people that are frustrating you determination to work things out and get things done
build your network of friends continue language study spend time with people who enjoy being there keep in touch with people back home
try new things, and explore the culture practice the language do things you intended to do while in this country before it's time to leave
Becoming Functional
(6 months)
feel in control and positive again about where you are self-understanding and more tolerance of others a sense of comfort operating in the host culture You help others adjust
Coping Strategies
maintain key relationships
Acceptance
(9 months)