Leader :BeejayC.

Oanes Members : Carl Jensen Delos Santos Bermhel Organte Robert Jeremiah Reyes Ivan Roberto Yanni Young Hershey Genovania Emma Pauline Perdiguerra Chrisette Perez Hannah Joy Serrano

Activity 5 Titration of vinegar

i. Objective
The purpose of this experiment is to determine the molarity and weight / volume percent of acetic acid in vinegar by titration with sodium hydroxide to a phenolphthalein endpoint. This procedure may be modified by titrating an acid beverage such as 7-up or sprite.

ii. Science concept/theoretical background:

In this experiment, a technique known as a titration will be used to determine the concentration of acetic acid in vinegar. A titration involves performing a controlled reaction between a solution of known concentration (the titrant) and a solution of unknown concentration (the analyte). Here, the titrant is an aqueous solution of ~ 0.25M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and the analyte is vinegar. When mixed, a neutralization reaction occurs between sodium hydroxide and the acetic acid in vinegar: The sodium hydroxide will be gradually added to the vinegar in small amounts from a burette. A burette is a device that allows the precise delivery of a specific volume of a solution. The NaOH will be added to the vinegar sample until all the acetic acid in the vinegar has been exactly consumed (reacted away). At this point the reaction is completed, and no more NaOH is required. This is called the equivalence point of the titration.

iii. Schematic procedures:

IV.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

PART A: 100 ml of vinegar will mixed in the volumetric flask adding of 400 ml of water.then the vinegar solution will be divided in three 50 ml of solution in 3 erlenmeyer flask and add 3 drops of phenolphthalein in each solution NaOH solution will be place in burrete and will be used to titrate the vinegar solution until it reach the endpoint.

PART B:the vinegar solution in three Erlenmeyer flask will be added 2-5 drops of bromothymol blue, then it will be titrated using NaOH solution in the burrete.Add the NaOH solution in the vinegar solution until it reach the bluish color or its equivalence point.

IV.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

a) What does pH mean?

- potential hydrogen b) What is the pH of a neutral solution? pH = 7 Write the brand of the Vinegar that is to be analyze if you are analyzing vinegar. (Silver Swan) Brand TABLE OF TITRATION RESULTS:

Titration # 1
Initial volume acid(vinegar ml) Drops of phenolphthalein added Volume od NaOH to equivalence pt(ml) 50 ml 2-5 drops

Titration # 2
50 ml 2-5 drops 5

Titration # 3
50 ml 2 -5 drops

Average 5 0 ml 2 -5 drops 5

50 ml

0 ml

50 ml

0 ml

OBSERVATION: An acid base indicator will change the color of a given solution. Like in the vinegar solution.we added 2-5 bromothymol blue,and it is titrated in NaOH solution. Calculations for Molarity of Acid:
i) Concentration of NaOH (aq) Titrant solution ii) Average Volume of NaOH (mL) to reach endpoint iii) Average Volume of NaOH (L) to reach endpoint 65 ml 0.065 ml 0.25 M

65 ml x 1L =0.065 ml 1000 ml
iv) Moles of NaOH 0.125 mol

0.25mmol x 500 ml x 1mol = 0.125 mol ml 1000 mmol

v) Moles of Acid 0.125 mol

VII Calculations for Weight/Volume Percent of Acid Moles of acid titrated 0.125 mol

vii) Molar mass of acetic acid (g/mol)

CH3CO2 12.01 + (1.01 x 3) + 12.01 +(16 x 2)0 = 60.05

60.05 g/mol

viii) Grams of acid titrated

0.125 mol x 60.05 g 7.51 g 1mol =

7.51 grams

xi) Weight / volume Percent

7.5 g x 100% 7.5% 100ml =

7.51 %

v. conclusion
We determine that by adding of acid base indicator such as bromothymol blue and phenolphthalein will help to change the color of a given solution , also we determine the equivalence point of vinegar solution that is titrated with the NaOH solution.