Chapter 1 1. It is a device that converts a physical characteristic into electrical signals. 2. The barriers of communication 3.

When was radio discovered? 4. It is the use of AC power lines to transmit information signal. Language and distance 1887 Carrier Current Transmission 5. Why is modulation necessary? To make the information signal more compatible to the medium 6. Frequencies above 30Ghz are called 7. Communication is the process of 8. It is an example of duplex communication that consists of nodes connected together 9. It is the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum covered by the signal. 10.When is multiplexing done in a certain transmission? 11.An AM signal has a carrier frequency of 1.2 MHz and a modulating signal frequency of 700 Khz. What is its bandwidth? (Assuming a percentage modulation of 80%) 12.The general term for any form of wireless communication 13.A device that acts as both transmitter and receiver. 14.This is the direct propagation of original signal over the medium 15.The suffix used for 10^15 16.What does NTIA stand for? Radio Transceiver Baseband transmission peta National Telecommunication and 17.This is the ability of equipment from one manufacturer to be compatible with another equipment of different manufacturer. 18.A general term for any phenomenon that degrades the transmitted information 19.The simplest type of electronic communication 20.The technique used to allow two or more signals to occupy a single channel 21.The frequency range of human hearing 22.The equivalent of 1 Angstrom in meter 23.A special form of communication that uses reflected microwave signals to detect an object Information Administration Interoperability Noise Simplex Multiplexing 20 Hz to 20KHz 10^-10 m Radar Millimeter wave Exchanging information local area network Bandwidth Before modulation 1.4 Mhz Transducer

24.This type of communication uses water as the channel in sending baseband signals 25.This involves measurement of physical conditions and transmitting them over a long distance 26.FCC stands for 27.Guidelines that are followed by companies and individuals in manufacturing equipment to ensure their compatibility 28.The bandwidth of a TV signal 29.The range of infrared region 30.When was telephone invented? 31.The degradation of signal as its travels a certain distance 32.When does demultiplecing occur 33.Frequency Band used in FM broadcasting 34.The use of radio signals and infrared to locate stars and study the universe 35.The type of satellite used for satellite phones 36.The three segments of light spectrum 37.What does ANSI stand for 38.This is a piece of equipment that acquires a signal and recovers the information from it. 39.The parameter of information signal that changes in modulation 40.This is the number of times a particular phenomenon occurs at a given time 41.The speed of light in free space 42.The primary use of Ultraviolet signals 43.What does IETF stand for 44.The old name of ITU 45.A special service that any individual can use for personal communication with others 46.Another name for International Broadcast 47.Signals that change in discrete increments 48.What is the wavelength for medium frequency band 49.This is a typical application of ELF 50.The frequencies found above ultraviolet band Chapter 2 1. What is the pain threshold of sound? 2. Who discovered the principle of induction? 3. Its the tendency of electrons flowing in a conductor to flow near and on the outer surface of the conductor at VHF, UHF and microwave. 4. It is the ratio of inductive power to resistive power.

Sonar Telemetry Federal Communications Commission Standards 6 MHz 100 to 0.7 m 1876 Attenuation After demodulation VHF Radio Astronomy LEO satellite Infrared, ultraviolet and visible American National Standards Institute Receiver none Frequency 3 x 10^8 m/s Medical applications Internet Engineering Task Force CCITT Citizens Radio Shortwave Broadcast Digital signals 100 to 1000m AC power lines Cosmic rays, X-rays

120 dB Michael Faraday Skin Effect

Quality Factor

5. It is a frequency selective circuit. 6. Why is cascading of filters good? 7. It is an advantage of active filter?

Filter It increases selectivity It has gain It provides isolation It provides easier

8. A square wave is made of a fundamental sine wave and a/an 9. What is the resonant frequency for an RC filter with R=1k, C=20nF 10.What is the gain the third stage of an amplifier with gains of A1 = 20dB A2 = -5dB, Vi=5mW, Vo=5W 11.The frequency band where a filter does not attenuate a signal 12.The hearing threshold 13.This is a circuit made up of inductance and capacitance that resonate at a certain frequency 14.This determines how a circuit responds to varying frequency 15.The frequency range outside the passband 16.The intensity level of normal conversation 17.The reciprocal of capacitance 18.The relationship that exists between the bandwidth of a filter and its Q-factor 19.This filter is composed of only resistors, capacitors and inductors 20.A frequency wherein the circuit exhibits high impedance 21.This is another name for Shape Factor 22.This type of filter has maximum flatness in response in the passband and uniform attenuation with frequency. 23.This type of filter has good selectivity and high roll-off 24.This is another name for Bessel filter 25.This is a method used to analyze complex signals to determine their harmonic frequency content 26.This expresses the hearing response of human ear to various sound levels 27.The opposition to current offered by capacitors and coils 28.This is the amplitude variation with frequency in the passband 29.This filter is an IC made of op-amps, capacitors and transistor switches. 30.The formula for wavelength 31.The relationship that exist between rise time and bandwidth 32.dB for voltage uses what value of reference level 33.A filter that allows only a certain range of frequency band to pass 34.A filter that passes all frequencies but has a fixed phase shift characteristic 35.This type of filter uses vibrations from mechanical disk to

impedance matching Infinite number of odd harmonics 7.96 Hz 15 dB Passband 0 dB Tuned circuit Selectivity Stop band 65 dB Elastance Inverse proportionality Passive filter Pole Bandwidth Ratio Butterworth Chebyshev Thomson filter Fourier theory decibel Reactance ripple Switched capacitor filter c/f Inverse proportionality 1 V Bandpass filter All-pass filter Mechanical filters

provide selectivity 36.What is the element connected 37.What component is used as the input for a low-pass RC filter 38.The frequency where there is zero impedance in the circuit 39.The cutoff frequency for RC filter 40.Which reactance is greater for higher frequency Chapter 3 1. What operation is involved in the production of an AM signal? 2. An AM signal has a carrier signal power of 12 KW. What is the total power transmitted? (Assuming a percentage modulation of 80%) 3. It is a low level signal transmitted with DSBSC to allow easier recovery of info. signal at the receiver. 4. What is the PEP of an SSB transmitter which produces 143Vp-p across a 50 load? 5. What is the main disadvantage of a SSB transmission? 6. It is the circuit used to produce a DSBSC. 7. A signal has a current of 1.6A. After modulation it became 1.9A. What is the value of m? 8. What is the name for the outline of the peaks of the amplitude modulated carrier signal? 9. What is the name of an AM signal whose carrier is modulated by binary pulse? 10.What type of transmission is A3F Chapter 4 1. Which of the following device has a near perfect square-law response 2. What circuit supplies the negative cycles for a diode modulator. 3. In what range of frequencies is a PIN diode modulator NOT used? 4. What kind of amplifier is NOT used in low-level AM? 5. What is the difference between a series modulator and collector modulator? 6. Which is the simplest and most widely used AM demodulator? 7. Which of the following can be done to produce an SSB signal? 8. In a diode detector, diagonal distortion occurs when 9. A differential amplifier for low level AM modulation has a/an

resistor zero 1/(2*pi*R*C) Inductive reactance

Multiplication 15.84 KW Pilot Carrier 51.12 W It is harder to demodulate Balanced modulator .9057 Envelope Amplitude shift keying AM analog TV

FET LC circuit HF Class C The collector modulator uses a modulation transformer Diode Detector Phasing Time constant is too long or short Constant current source

10.How many diodes conduct at the same time in a lattice modulator?

two

Chapter 5 1. Where does frequency shift occur for PM 2. What is the bandwidth of an FM signal with max = 7 KHz, fm(max) Varying amplitude of modulating signal 22 KHz F8E To increase SNR of high frequency components during transmission Excessive spectrum usage 3.125 KHz

= 4 KHz? 3. What is the radio emission classification for FM with stereophonic sound? 4. Why is preemphasis important

5. What is the main disadvantage of FM? 6. Your FM station has an allotted 25 KHz channel. There are four significant sidebands in the signal. What modulating frequency should be used? 7. When does maximum phase shift occur in an FM signal due to noise? 8. What kind of filter is the deemphasis circuit? 9. It is the ratio between the maximum frequency deviation and maximum modulating frequency? 10.It is used to produce indirect FM

When they are at right angles to each other LPF Deviation ratio Armstrong Modulator

Chapter 6 1. The range in which a PLL will detect the input signal and remain in a locked condition 2. What is the disadvantage of a crystal oscillator? Lock range

Small frequency deviation possible Varicap

3. What is another name for a varactor?

4. What are the parts of a PLL

LPF, VCO, Phase Detector

5. What does the term quadrature mean?

90 phase shift between 2 signals

6. The simplest frequency demodulator.

Slope Detector

7. A parallel tuned circuit in an oscillator consists of a 40H inductor in parallel with a 330pF capacitor. A varactor with a capacitance of 50 pF is connected in parallel to the circuit. What is the resonant frequency? 8. It is a frequency modulation where the information signal used is binary? 9. The capture range of a PLL is ____ compared to its lock range?

1.29 MHz

FSK

smaller

10.What kind of modulation is FM and PM under?

Angle modulation

Chapter 7 1. It is an example of computer data communication.

2. From what bit does serial transmission start?

3. What is the result when you sample a signal below the nyguist sampling rate? 4. Which step is NOT included in converting a signal from analog to digital? 5. It is the ratio of the maximum voltage to the minimum voltage?

6. It is a group of computers in an office connected for the purpose of file transfer and communication. 7. It is the smallest voltage increment that the D/A produces over its output? 8. Which is the most significant bit in the signal 10011010?

9. Sampling a signal produces?

10.An IC that contains A/D and D/A converters, companders and parallel-to-serial converters is called a

Chapter 8 1. It is the vibration of crystal due to excitation from an AC signal?

2. It is a combination of register and adder.

3. How are amplifiers classified?

4. What is the purpose of a switching amplifier?

5. Neutralization is the process of

6. The least efficient RF power amplifier?

7. The least linear RF power amplifier?

8. It is the expression of precision or stability of crystal?

9. Maximum power transfer occurs when?

10.A transformer has an impedance of 7 in the primary side and an impedance of 150 in the secondary side. What is the turns ratio? Chapter 9 1. What are the two primary characteristics of a receiver?

2. What parameter of the bipolar transistor can be varied to control its gain? 3. Which amplifier is controlled by AGC to permit a wide range of signal amplitude to be accommodated? 4. A mixer has a signal input of 51 MHz and an LO frequency of 59 MHz. the IF is

5. It determines the output frequency increment of a frequency synthesizer? 6. Which is not a part of the three major sections of an IC receiver? 7. It is the phenomenon where circuits keep the audio amplifier turned off during the time that noise is received in the background? 8. It is a random energy that interferes with the desired signal?

9. Which of the following is NOT a source of external noise?

10.A crystal filter has a 6-dB bandwidth of 3 KHz and a 60-dB bandwidth of 19 KHz. The shape factor is

Chapter 10 1. TDM can be used with what type of signals? both digital and analog

2. What is the pilot subcarrier in FM broadcasting?

19 KHz

3. PAM signals are multiplexed by using

FET switches

4. Which process is not done to recover PCM signals at the receiver? 5. The sampling rate of a codec is usually

quantizing

8 KHz

6. A T-1 system multiplexes how many voice channels?

24

7. What kind of modulation is used in telephone FDM systems to minimize bandwidth requirements? 8. What does SCA signal stand for?

SSBSC

Subsidiary Communication Authorization

9. It is the period of time during which each channel in a PAM system is sampled.

sampling time

10.It is the method by which two-way communications are handled?

Duplexing

Chapter 11 1. What type of signals is used to represent computerized data? Digital Signals

2. The first digital code invented?

Morse Code

3. It is a code which is equal to the ASCII but does not use start and stop bits? 4. It is the number of signal events that occur in a given time.

CCITT Alphabet no. 5

Baud Rate

5. It is the combination of synchronous and asynchronous transmission? 6. It is the study of the accuracy and speed with which information is sent and received over a media. 7. It is a modulation scheme widely used in data communication and is the basis of GSM cellphones? 8. It is a modulation and multiplexing technique that distributes a signal and its sidebands over a very wide bandwidth? 9. The benefits of spread spectrum?

Isochronous Transmission

Information theory

Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying Spread Spectrum

Band sharing, Precise Timing, Security

10.What does ADSL stand for?

Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line

Chapter 12 1. How many percent errors can CRC detect? 99.95%

2. What is the formula for computing the number of Hamming bits? 3. It is the first layer of OSI?

2^n m +n +1 Physical

4. It is used to ensure compatibility of sender and receiver of data regardless of hardware or software used? 5. What is the actual length of wire that can be used between nodes for a LAN using a 10Base-2 medium? 6. It is the fastest version of Ethernet today?

Protocol

185 m

10 Gigabit Ethernet

7. It is an addition to Ethernet LAN that is used to deliver dc power to remote devices connected in the network. 8. What is a token in a token passing?

Power over Ethernet

A token is a unique binary word taken by a node who wants to transmit data ITU

9. It is the new name of CCITT.

10.In which layers of OSI does Ethernet work?

Physical and Datalink

Chapter 13 1. If a transmission line is NOT terminated by its characteristic impedance, this phenomenon will NOT occur? 2. It is the reciprocal of time delay in a transmission line. Velocity of Propagation Maximum Power Transfer

3. It is a transmission media with the largest characteristic impedance? 4. Who developed the Smith Chart?

Twin lead

Philip Smith

5. It is a flat conductor sandwiched between two ground planes?

Stripline

6. What is the speed of light in nautical miles?

162000 nau mi./s

7. A 152-ft length of RG-62A/U coax is used as a transmission line. What load impedance must be used to avoid reflections? 8. What does a zero SWR indicate?

93 ohms

No input signal

9. What is the reflection coefficient for a line with a 52 V maximum voltage and a minimum voltage of 17 V? 10.What is the equivalent of an open ended one half-wavelength line?

0.51

Parallel Resonant Circuit

Chapter 14 1. What do you call the antennas reactive component? Antenna Radiation Resistance 2. It is a device used to allow an antenna to transmit and receive at the same time. 3. What is the other name for a dipole antenna? Hertz Antenna Diplexer

4. Elements of an antenna that are not connected to the transmission line? 5. What is the shape of the radiation pattern for a half-wave dipole? 6. This is used as a substitute when earth grounding cannot be achieved for an antenna? 7. The relationship between angles and indices of refraction is stated by 8. What is the ratio of balun that must be used for an antenna with an impedance of 837 ohms if it is connected to an RG62A/U coax? 9. Baluns are essentially ____ of frequency

Parasitic Element

Doughnut

Counterpoise

Snells Law

9:1

Independent

10.What is the other name for tropospheric-wave propagation?

Space Wave

Chapter 15 1. It is a technique of replacing standard phone with a digital version with calls taking over the Internet? 2. Error detection method used by Frame Relay? Frame Check Sequence VoIP

3. It is a technology that transmits digitized phone calls in T-1 format over fiber-optic cables. 4. It is an example of internet domain.

SONET

.biz, .org, .com,