GPA 654 M DC-MOTORS

DESCRIPTION

DC- motors description

Feed back requisted to:

pierre.piveteau@bourbon-online.com pierrepiveteau@EPDltd.com

Last revision: october 2008

DC- motors description

DC- motors description

How a Direct Current motors functions

DC- motors description

DC motors DC- motors have been used in industrial applications for years.Coupled with a DC-drive, DC motors provide very precise control.DC motor can be used with conveyors, elevators, extruders, marine propulsion, marine applications,.to name a few.

Construction: DC- motors are made up of several major components wich include the following: Frame Shaft Bearing Main field winding (Stator) Armature Commutator Brush assembly Of these components, it is important to understand the electrical characteristics of the main field winding, know as the stator, and rotating winding know as the armature. An understanding of these two components will help with the understanding of various function of a DC-drive (Rotor)

DC- motors description

BASIC CONSTRUCTION

ARMATURE

The relation ship of the electrical components of a DC motor is shown in the following illustration. Field winding are mounted on pole pieces to form electromagnets, in smaller DC motor the field may be a permanent magnet. However, in larger DC fields the fields typically an electomagnet. Field winding and pole pieces are bolted to the frame. The armature is supported by bearing and brackets. Carbon brushes are held against the commutator,

The armature rotates between the poles of the field winding. The armatures made up a shaft, core, armature winding, and a commutator. The armature windings are usually form wound and then placed in slots in the core.

DC- motors description

Brush

DC- motors description

Basic DC Motor Operation Magnetic Fields A DC motor rotates as a result of two magnetic fields interacting with each other. The first field is the main field that exists in the stator windings. The second field exists in the armature. Whenever is generated around the conductor.

DC- motors description

Right-HandRule for Motor

With LAPLACE rule: Armature rotate Flux + current = rotating force

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CEMF

Armature Field

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Commutation

Position 3

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DC-MOTOR YZC 800 DESCRIPTION

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YZC800 General description: This manual is applicable for the marine electric motor YZC800.FL/FWS/FWS-1, which is mainly used for offshore supply-boats. The end-user shall observe the requirement in this manual to ensure the reliable operation of the motor. All DC-motors are independent field excitation. One is the motor of horizontal-mounted structure (FWS), and the other has a vertical mounted structure (FL). They adopt forced air-cooling and positive explosive-proof lead box . The FL/FW motors are a single shaft extension, which is coupled with drive mechanism through a coupling. The FWS/FWS-1 motors are a double shaft. The motor is fitted with a blower; the cooling air goes inside from the commutator-end and goes outside the pinion end. Between the commutator-end and lead connecting box, there is the explosive proof pipe installed, the highpressure can be conducted into the lead connecting box and keep it in positive status. The motors magnet frame is an octagon molded steel plate frame, which is a part of magnetic circuit and also it is the first component of the motor. There are three inspection windows at the commutator-end in order to replace brushes and do maintenance of commutator and brush holder systems. These inspection windows must be closed and proofed when the motor is operating. Main field coils, commutating-coils and bearings are equipped with temperature sensor. Sensor wiring go into small explosive proof connecting box on frame by lead, on VMS displays end-user can check the temperature of above mentioned parts. Pressure switches in lead box, in case blower fan wrong, the DC- motor will stop automatically. There is an assistant switch for emergency stop on the side of the lead box in case of necessary. Two 220V, 500W, 60Hz, single-phase heaters fitted at the bottom of commutator end to put through the power supply when the motor stops operating to avoid the motor being affected by damp .Two G3/8screw plug at the bottom of commutator end, when water built up inside the motor, open the plug to drain the water. Changing the current flows through field-armature and field-wingding can control the torque of the motor Changing the current directions flowing through the main field can change rotating direction of the armature. Insulation level of the motor is class H, by using excellent insulation materials and varnishing by vacuum pressure, it is sure that the motor is in perfect condition of insulation strength, mechanical strength, heat resistance, moisture proof and excellent conduciveness.

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YZC 8000FL/FW HI-TORQUE DC-MOTORS SPECIFICATIONS

MODEL YZC 800FL/FW YZC 800FL

Propulsion/FIFI
CATEGORY RATED POWER RATED VOLTAGE RATED CURRENT RATED SPEED RATED TORQUE MAXIMUM CURRENT MAXIMUM TORQUE MAXIMUM CURRENT EXCITING EXCITING maximum VOLTAGE INSULATION CLASS STATOR INSULATION CLASS ROTOR COOLING ROTATING DIRECTION INDEPENDANT EXCITATION 842 KW 0 to 750V 1185 A 1040 tr/mn 7735Nm 1600A 10055,5 Nm 60A 150V H H FORCED VENTILATION -6600m3/h CLOCKWISE

trusther
INDEPENDANT EXCITATION 540 KW 0 to 600V 950 A 1200 A 85018Nm 45A 120V H H FORCED VENTILATION -6600m3/h counterclockwise&clockwise

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YZC800FL YZC800FW YZC800FWS YZC800FWS-I YZC 800FL

Vertical DC-motor Horizontal single shaft Horizontal double shaft Horizontal double shaft.O use YZC 800FW YZC 800FL

GPA 654 M

GPA 254

YZC 800FWS

YZC 800FL YZC 800FWS-1

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Lead connecting box

Blower air Intake

Brushes maintenance door

480VAC blower motor T Sensors connecting box

Shaft

DC-MOTOR FL

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Maintenance window With CO2 pipe

Intake blower flow

Exaust blower flow

Sensors T connecting box

electric steering Oil pump Steering gear electric motor

Steering gear hydraulic motor

Note : Caution about vocabulary. DC- motor is an electric Direct Current motor L- drive is the kind of propulsion ( EPD) DC-motor with L-drive

(STEERPROP)

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Steerprop: steering-gear system

L-DRIVE

Berg:

propeler system

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FRAME

FIELDS

ARMATURE WINDIND SHAFT

DC- MOTOR

BRUSH HOLDER & BRUSHES

DC-MOTOR COMPONENTS
Commutator

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The motors magnet frame is an octagon molded steel plate frame, which is a part of magnetic circuit and also it is the first component of the motor. There are three inspection windows Support for field Support for bearings Support for DC-motor equipment.

FRAME

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Main field coil before fitting

commutator field coil before fitting

4 main coils Field before painting 2 north & 2 souths in opposite position

4 commutator coils 2 north &2 south in opposit position Excitating coil unspark paint

FIELD: 8 excitating coils are fixed inside the frame. 4 main coils 2 north poles and 2 south poles create the flux 4 commutator coils for lower the commutation & raise magnetic capacity FIELD

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To reach brush-older open this door

To reach brushes and commutator open this door

To reach brushes and commutator open this door BRUSH

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COMMUTATOR-END

The commutator is a vital part of every DC motor, it deserve the best os care. The fact that a commutator usually shows signs of distress before trouble actually occurs, is big help to the maintainer. If you can recognize these signs and know what to td, you can often correct the trouble before it becomes serious. Function A commutator has three functions: 1) 2) It provides the required sliding electric contact between the fixed brushes and the moving armature to remove or apply electrical energy to the machine. It act as a reversing switch as the ends of the armature coils pass the brush positions the commutator switches them from one circuit to another where the current is flowing in the opposite direction. Thus all the coils have current flowing through them in the proper direction at all time. It also brings to the brush surface the voltage of each armature coil in the circuit. These voltages add up bar between brushes. As a result, the total operating voltage of the machine appears at the brushes

3)

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DC. from SCR

NORTH
Brushes

Rotating Force clockwise

DC voltage 0 to 750V

Rotating Force

SOUTH

clockwise

With LAPLACE rule Armature turn : Fluxe + current = rotating force

Rotating Forces clockwise

Right hand rule

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brush caracteristics T900 carbone/graphite lents : 900mm Use size max: 350mm Cut angle: 50et 60 Contact area surface: minimum 80%
The quality of the contact between brushes and commutator are paramount to preserve a good functionnality of DC motor.

4x3 BRUSHES

BRUSH- HOLDER

BRUSH-SPRING

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LEAD CONNECTING BOX

positive connection 4 positive armature wires From SCR cabinet negative connection

sensors connections

FIELD connection 4 negative armature wires From SCR cabinet

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YZC 800 FW/FW-1 LEAD CONNECTING BOX

positive connection Supply + brushes

4 positive armature wires From SCR cabinet

sensors connections

4 negative armature wires From SCR cabinet negative connection Supply -brushes

FIELD connection

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DC-MOTORS ALARMS

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Parameter DC-motor control

All sensors paramaters from DC-motors are integrated in Power Management System (technosol)

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Lock-out DC-motor

Air cooling flow sensor

DC-motor speed sensor

Temperature winding sensor two in each coils

Temperature Bearing sensor One for each Bearing Greaser for Bearing YZC800FW/FWS/FWS-1 DC-motor SENSORS

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DC-motors temperatures V M S control panel

commutator coils Main field coils

Bearing

Bearing

Transformer winding

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Temperatures rated

Parts of motor

Measure method

Permissible temperature rise (C)

Pre-alarm

alarm

Main field coil

R=R0(1+a.t)
Variation resistance fonction temperature

185C

155C

165C

R=R0(1+a.t)
Commutator coil
Variation resistance fonction temperature

18OC

155C

165C

bearing

110C

90C

100C

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PRAMETERS DC-MOTOR CONTROL VMS DISPLAY

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DC-MOTORS SCHEMATIC DRAWINGS

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BOW-THRUSTER Field electric diagram

FIRING PULSES FROM SIEMENS SIMOREG DC-DRIVE
AMPMETER

45 A

AMPMETER-SHUNT FUSES Lead connecting box

N N S

FIELD CONTACTOR Twin reverse speeds contactors for bow thruster FIELD CONTACTOR N N

S S

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DC-motors & fifi

TRANSFORMER 480V/190V

Field electric diagram

FIRING PULSES FROM SIEMENS SIMOREG

Bridge rectifier

AMPMETER

60 A

FIELD

AMPMETER-SHUNT

FUSES

N N S

FIELD CONTACTOR N

B
N S S

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DC-motors armature supply

DC-Drives propulsion & FIFI

600VAC
DC-Drives DC-DRIVE 842kW

480VAC

0V To 750V DC

TRANSFORMER 3 phases: 2 jobs: 1-increases AC voltage DC Drive armature SCR Bridge 2-lowers the armonics

460ACV
DC-DRIVE 560kW

480ACV

0V To 600V DC REACTOR 3 phases - Lower the armomics

AFT & FWD BOW thrusters

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DC-MOTORS MAINTENANCE
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DC- motors description

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General description:
This manual is applicable for the marine electric motor YZC800.FL/FWS/FWS-1, which is mainly used for offshore drilling transportation boat. The end-user shall observe the requirement in this manual to ensure the reliable operation of the motor. All DC-motors are independent field excitation, an advantage to a separately excited field is the stability of a variable speed to provide independent control of the armature and field. One is the motor of horizontal-mounted structure (FWS), and the other has a vertical mounted structure (FL). They adopt forced air-cooling and positive volt explosive-proof. The FL/FW motors are a single shaft extension, which is coupled with drive mechanism through a coupling. The FWS-1 motors are a double shaft. The motor is equipped with a blower; the cooling air goes inside from the commutator end and goes outside the pinion end. Between the commutator end and connection box, there the explosive proof pipe installed, the high-pressure can be conducted into the connection box and keep the connection box in positive status. The motors magnet frame is an octagon molded steel plate frame, which is a part of magnetic circuit and also is a main component of the motor. There are three inspection windows at the commutator end in order to replace brushes and do maintenance of commutator and brush holder systems. These inspection windows must be closed and proofed when the motor is operating. The field coil, commutating coil and bearings at both ends are equipped with temperature sensor, which go into small explosive proof connection box on frame by lead, in VMS displays end-user can know the temperature of above mentioned parts. There are pressure switches in lead box, once blower fan goes wrong, the motor will stop automatically. There is an assistant switch for emergency stop on the side of the lead box in case of necessary. Two 220V, 500W, 60Hz, single-phase heaters fitted at the bottom of commutator end to put through the power supply when the motor stops operating to avoid the motor being affected by damp .Two G3/8screw plug at the bottom of commutator end, when water built up inside the motor, open the plug to drain the water. Changing the current flows through field armature and field wingding can control the torque of the motor; changing the current directions flowing through thte main field can change rotating direction of the armature. Insulation level of the motor is class H, by using excellent insulation materials and varnishing by vacuum pressure, it is sure that the motor is in perfect condition of insulation strength, mechanical strength, heat resistance, moisture proof and excellent conduciveness.

YZC800 FL: Bow- thruster

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2 Periodical inspection.
2.1 Clean the shell after switch off the power. Tear down screen cover; remove the dust by clean, dry compressed air. It is necessary to keep interior of the motor clean. NOTE: It is forbidden that blow interior of the motor with high-pressure air when the motor electrified. Wear protective clothing, gloves and eye patch to do clean work, and comply with relevant operating instructions. 2.2 Covers should be smooth and complete, be inosculated with the frame, rubber washer should be sealed completely, and latches should be fastened. 2.3 clean dust, carbon powder and greasy dirt on insulting arm of brush holder and Teflon band with clean, non-cotton cloth to keep the surface clean. Go over the surface of brush-holder stud, once the crack and burn were found, replace immediately. Check brush leads and clamp bolts, if the bolts loose, clamp to proper torque (reference to the torque value in part data). Check if the spring is flexible or rusted, spring pressure should within the range of specification. Check if the brush box is damaged, any damaged brush box must be replaced. Clearance between brush box and commutator should be in the range of specification. NOTE: It is not allowed to contact brush holder or replace brush when the motor is operating in order to prevent from shock hurt. 2.4 Brushed in brush box should move freely, the contacting area between brush and commutator should not less than 80% of brush area; check brush pigtail, it should not be loose, the space between brush pigtail and commutator riser should be kept to avoid scraping each other, make sure the pigtail above the spring. Brush trade mark is T900, mixed use of various brush brands are not allowed, because that may affect the performance of commutator. Brushes of one motor should be used with same trademark. Change the brushes that have the failure as worn to minimum limit or cracked, brush pigtails looseness, color abnormality and so on, note that replace all brushes at one time. 2.5 Commutator is a key component of DC motor, which should be maintained frequently. Inspect commutator surface regularly, which should have an even and fluster brown film covered, otherwise, the surface shall be repaired. 2.6 Clean poly Teflon band (located on commutator pressing ring) with clean cloth, check if there is a sign of break-through, makes sure the band wraps firmly on commutator press ring. 2.7 Check if commutator riser is well welded. Once welding split is found, repair the ar mature. 2.8 Check banding tape of armature, if tail of the tape dispersed, loose or any other deterioration is found, then the armature should be repaired. 2.9 Check if there is melt solder on steel banding wire at the side of pinion; if their is any solder be swung to the field coil. Repair the armature if these happen. 2.10 Wipe down the arcs ring with clean cloth; check if it is d amaged by flashover. 2.11 Check appearance of field coil insulation for evidence of overheat. 2.12 Power lead insulation should be well protected, terminals should be fastened, and ground lead must be firm.

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SAFETY RULES before DC-motors maintenance operations

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1. SCR breaker in M.S.B opened and locked. 2. Assistant switch on for DC-motor emergency stop.

3. For blow use only 8 bars dry air compressed 4. blowing operator should wear eyepatch and durty mask.

5. Tools will be secure with a string to enter in the commutator compartiment

REPLACEMENT OF BRUSHES:

Disassembly a. Loose bolts on brushes. b. Lift spring on brushes. c. Take out the brushes. d. Blow carbon dust with dry pressure air. NOTE: During operation, the operator should wear the protective clothing, glove, and eyeshade and comply with the rules. Assembly a. Assemble new brushes; ensure the brushes can move freely in brush box. b. Press spring to the side of new brush carefully, it is incorrect to push down the spring fast, because it may damage the brush. NOTE: Brushes must be specified; it is not allowed that use brushes in different types. Replace whole set brushes in one motor, or reversing performance and brush life may be affected. When assemble the brushes, brush pigtail should be above the spring, or brush pigtail may be damaged. c. Screw down the connection bolts, torque value shall comply with 203N,make sure that pigtail above the spring and keep away from commutator surface for a certain distance, cant be scraped each other. d. Check spring pressure, which shall comply with 404N. e. Check and screw down all brush holders connection f. Rub brushes with glass sand paper, the contact area between brush and commutator should not be less than 80% of brush area. g. Run the motor; inspect operating status of new brushes. NOTE: Emery paper is prohibited.

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Slide caliper

Max 900mm Mini: 550mm

2 bolts

3 springs

Brushes-Holder

DC- motors description

characteristics of brush T900 carbon/graphite length : 900mm Use size max: 350mm Cut angle: 50et 60 Contact area surface: minimum 80%

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Keep commutator surface clean make. Wipe the surface with a clean cloth with alcohol if there is oil dust and light burnt mark on commutator surface. If there is obvious burnt mark on commutator surface and it cant be wiped down by clean cloth, deal with commutator surface with 00# glass emery cloth per following steps: If the motor appear the failures as follows, which should be returned to manufacturer for repairing within warranty period, out of the warranty period, the motor should be returned to manufacture or special plant for repairing. a) b) c) The mica undercutting depth on the commutator less than 1mm. The depth of the slot on commutator surface less than 0.9mm. If motor cant run normally because of commutator surface abrasion or burnt.

NOTE: It is forbidden to abrade commutator by carborundum sand cloth, because friction practical may scrap commutator surface, and also may adhere in commutator bars and then affect reversing direction. When blow the motor with pressed air, operator should wear protective clothing, gloves and eye patch, and comply with the operating instructions

The depth minimum of the mica between bars is 1mm.

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Commutator maintenance:

Insulation resistance test Insulating resistance should be tested periodically, measure main field, commutator field, armature winding resistance to the ground and insulating resistance between each other with 1000V mega meter, it should not less than 5M . Hi-pot test applied for 1min on every winding and brush holder with 50HZ, 2500V sinusoidal current, should not have the sign of breakdown and flashover. Humidity, dust and carbon powder may affect the reading of megs measurement, so when the reading is on the low side, cleaning and drying the parts. If the reading is still low, then the motor needs to be disassembled for inspecting. Lead mark of power connection box for the motor Armature and commutator end winding: Main field winding: A1 S1 A2 S2

Lead box Lead box

A1

A2 S1

S2

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Lead mark of temperature sensor in signal connection box for motor Main field coil 1 Main field coil 2 Commutator coil 1 Commutator coil 2 Commutator end bearing Shaft extension bearing Connect to ground Spare terminal 1,2,3,4 5,6,7,8 9,10,11,12 13,14,15,16 17,18,19,20 21,22,23,24 32 25,26,27,28,29,30,31

DC- motors description

Pressure switch: Assistant switch: Heater : 480ACV blower motor To earth: Spare terminals:

1, 2 normally open (2 and 3 connect permanently) 3. 4 normally close 16.17.18.19 8,9,10 20 5.6.7.11.12.13.14.15

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Humidity, dust and carbon powder may be affecting the reader of megs measurement, so DC-motor must be cleaning and drying with air pressure. the periods during which DC-motors are stopped the heating must be put in function, thus moisture creates by condensation does not lower and prevent electric insulation. Insulating resistance should be tested periodically (see schedule table), with 1000V mega meter
- 1) measure main field, resistance to the ground - 2) commutator field, resistance to the ground It should not less than 5M. - 3) measure resistance between main field & armature. - 4) measure the armature resistance value - 5) measure the field resistance value 0,50 1,50

2 4 2 2 3 1

5 1 1 Mega-tester 2Gohms.1000V

NOTE!: Insulation measurements above take in count the electric cables supply. In the event of lower measurements than the specifications, insulation must be measure again after disconnection of the 10 cables of powers. If the reading is still low, then, the DC- motor needs to be check by Electrician specialist or disassembled for inspecting.

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DC-motors assembled without greaser-nose Armature bearing must be greased before assembly. During a period of overhaul about 2 years, adding grease is not allowed. At overhauling time, bearings can be cleaned, checked, and greased. Volume of lubrication is 1.531kg. DC-motors assembled with greaser-nose Bearing must be to lubricate periodically according to the number operating hour. (see schedule table). NOTE!: Super greasing is harmful it involves a too great quantity of grease and of this fact the bearing enters in overheating quickly.

Aft bearing

Forward bearing

Bearing type grease ARCANOL L135V D6A2G0

BRAND FAG SHELL

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Armature bearing lubrication

Bolt fasting torque: (N.m)

Bolt diameter Fastening torque (N.m) 71 (N.m) 203 (N.m) 203 (N.m) 203 (N.m) 15515 (N.m) 30020 (N.m) 34024 (N.m) 70036 (N.m) 130065 (N.m)

M6

M8

M10

M12

M16

M20

M22

M24

M33

Note: A bolt over tightening can damage the filtage definitively and create a hot spot at the time of the passage of the current.

PERIODICAL INSPECTION:
EQUIPEMENT

PROCEDURE Blow out with clean dry compressed air. Inspect brushes , brush-holders, spring pressure, commutator and leads. -Blow out inside connecting box -check alls terminal connections for tightness -measure the length and check each brushes -Test insulation resistance. - Each commutator bar must be check and clean with ethanol and no-cotton cloth (see page 3 maintenance manual) -Check blower pressure contactor -Test emergency contact -Add bearing grease -Remove and clean fan blades and housing.

INTERVAL (hours)

Commutator Brushes older Spring brush In addition to item 1 Control connecting box

700

1400

In addition to items 1-2 Coils Field Commutator brushes In addition to items 1-2-3 Blower

3000

6000

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