INTRODUCCION

El presente trabajo consiste en calcular el prtico de 5 pisos con crujillas de 3*3

El siguiente trabajo consistir en:
Determinar las dimensiones de los elementos de la estructura
a) Espesor de la losa aligerada
b) Secciones de las vigas principal y secundaria
c) Secciones de las columnas
Determinar las cargas en la estructura
a) Carga muerta
b) Carga viva
c) Sismo
Hallar las solicitaciones por el mtodo de:
a) Cross
b) Takabeya
c) Dibujar sus respectivos diagramas
Hallar los esfuerzos en las vigas y columnas y verificar con los esfuerzos
Permisibles
a) Normal
b) Flexin
Calcular la cantidad de acero en dicho prtico y el estribaje

UNIVERSIDAD SAN PEDRO

FACULTAD DE INGENIERA
ESCUELA DE INGENIERA CIVIL

TRABAJO ESCALONADO DE ANLISIS ESTRUCTURAL I

El siguiente trabajo consistir en:
1.- Determinar las dimensiones de los elementos de la estructura
a) Espesor de la losa aligerada
b) Secciones de las vigas principal y secundaria
c) Secciones de las columnas
2.- Determinar las cargas en la estructura
a) Carga muerta
b) Carga viva
c) Sismo
3.- Hallar las solicitaciones por el mtodo de:
a) Cross
b) Takabeya
c) Dibujar sus respectivos diagramas
4.- Hallar los esfuerzos en las vigas y columnas y verificar con los esfuerzos Permisibles
a) Normal
b) Flexin
5. Hallar las deformaciones o pandeos en las vigas
6.- Conclusiones
N
N
PISOS
1
4
2
4
3
4
4
4
5
4
6
5
7
5
8
5
9
5
10
5
11
6
12
6
13
6
14
6
15
6
16
4
17
5
18
5
19
5
20
6

TIPO

4
5
6
5
5
4
5
6
4
4
5
4
5
5
5
6
5
4
4
4

5
4
6
5
6
5
5
4
6
4
4
5
4
5
5
5
6
5
4
5

5
4
4
5
5
5
4
4
5
4
4
5
4
4
4
5
4
5
4
4

4
5
0
4
5
0
5
6
0
4
5
4
5
5
5
6
5
4
4
4

4
4
5
6
6
6
6
6
4
4
5
4
5
5
5
6
5
4
4
5

4
4
4
5
6
4
5
6
5
4
5
4
5
5
5
6
5
4
4
4

4
5
5
6
4
5
5
6
4
4
5
4
5
5
5
6
5
4
4
5

A(AULA)
V(VIVIENDA)
V
O(OFICINA)
V
A
OF
A
V
OF
OF
A
OF
V
A
V
A
OF
V
OF

PORTICO EN PLANTA

PORTICO EN ELEVACION (DE 5 PISOS)

MEMORIA DE CLCULO

I. Clculos de Cargas

Datos:
0.25

L=6m
C = 21
H = 0.29 0.30 m
Y = 0.25 m

Peso de losa aligerada (por m2)

Ladrillo: 8.3 x 8

66.40 Kg/m2.

Vigueta: 0.10 x 0.25 x 2400 x2.5

= 150.00 Kg/m 2.

Losa: 0.05 x 2400

= 120.00 Kg/m2.
336.40 Kg/m2.

PRE dimensionamiento de las vigas

Viga Principal: Luz Mayor = 6 m

C

= 10

Peralte h = 0.60 m
Ancho

Viga Secundaria:

b = 0.30 m

Luz Mayor = 5 m
C

= 10

300 Kg./m2.

Peralte h = 0.50 m
Ancho

b = 0.25 m

Peso en viga principal (por ml)

AZ
OT
EA

P. losa aligerada = 300 Kg/m2.

Acabado

= 100 Kg/m2.
400 Kg/m2 x 5 m

= 2000 Kg/ml

P. P. viga

= 0.60 x 0.30 x 2400 =

C. V.

= 200 x 5.5

432 Kg/ml

= 1100 Kg/ml
3432 Kg/ml

PIS TIPI
O CO

P. losa aligerada = 300 Kg/m2.

Acabado + tabq. = 200 Kg/m2.
500 Kg/m2 x 5 m

= 2500 Kg/ml

P. P. viga

= 0.60 x 0.30 x 2400

C. V.

= 200 x 5.5

= 1100 Kg/ml

432 Kg/ml

4682 Kg/ml

Peso en viga secundaria (por ml)

P. losa aligerada = 300 Kg/m2.

AZ
OT
EA

Acabado

= 100 Kg/m2.
400 Kg/m2 x 5 m

= 2000 Kg/ml

P. P. viga

= 0.50 x 0.25 x 2400 =

C. V.

= 200 x 5.5

300 Kg/ml

= 1100 Kg/ml
3300 Kg/ml

PIS TIPI
O CO

P. losa aligerada = 300 Kg/m2.

Acabado + tabq. = 200 Kg/m2.
500 Kg/m2 x 5 m
P. P. viga

= 2500 Kg/ml

= 0.50 x 0.25 x 2400 =

300 Kg/ml

C. V.

= 200 x 5.5

= 1100 Kg/ml
4550 Kg/ml

Peso De Muro
Volumen muro m2 soga

= 0.15

Volumen ladrillo: 0.10 x 0.15 x 0.25 x 36

= 0.135

Volumen de mortero

= 0.015

Peso del ladrillo: 36 x 4

= 144 Kg/m2.

Peso del mortero: 0.015 x 2300

= 34.5 Kg/m2.

Tartajeo: 2 x 0.015 x 2300

= 69 Kg/m2.
245.50 Kg/m2.

Para un muro de 2.70 m: 2.70 x 245.50

= 662.85 Kg/ml

Cargas Repartidas Para Viga Principal

W1 = W2 = W3 = W4 = 4682 + 662.85 = 5344.85 Kg/ml

W5 = 3.5 Tn/ml.

5.5 Tn/ml.

Peso De La Columna Sobre El Nivel 1

Dimensionamiento De La Columna

Fuerzas Ssmicas

F5 = 52.35 Tn.
F4 = 25.55 Tn.
F3 = 19.16 Tn.
F2 = 12.78 Tn.
F1 = 6.39 Tn.

II.-MTODO DE CROSS CON DESPLAZAMIENTO

1. Momento de Empotramiento Perfecto

MBH = -MHB = MCI = -MIC = MDJ = -MJD = MEK = -MKE = (5.5x52)/12 = 11.46Tn.ml
MHN = -MNH = MIO = -MOI = MJP = -MPJ = MKQ = -MQK = (5.5x42)/12 = 7.33 Tn.ml
MNT = -MTN = MOU = -MUO = MPV = -MVP = MQW = -MWQ = (5.5x62)/12 = 16.5 Tn.ml
MFL = -MLF = (3.5x52)/12 = 7.29 Tn.ml
MLR = -MRL = (3.5x42)/12 = 4.67 Tn.ml
MRX = -MXR = (3.5x62)/12 = 10.5 Tn.ml

2. Calculo de Rigideces

KBH = KCI = KDJ = KEK = KFL = (3x63)/5 = 129.6

KHN = KIO = KJP = KKQ = KLR = (3x63)/4 = 162
KNT = KOU = KPV = KQW = KRX = (3x63)/6 = 108
KCol = 44/3 = 85.33

3. Coeficiente de Reparticin por Rotacin

BA = CB = DC = ED =

85.33
= 0.28
2x85.33+129.6

BC = CD = DE = EF =

85.33
= 0.28
2x85.33+129.6

BH = CI = DJ = EK =

129.6
= 0.44
2x85.33x129.6

HB = IC = JD = KE =

129.6
2x85.33+129.6+162

HG = IH = JI = KJ =

85.33
2x85.33+129.6+162

= 0.28
= 0.18

HI = IJ = JK = KL =

85.33
2x85.33+129.6+162

= 0.18

HN = IO = JP = KQ =

162
2x85.33+129.6+162

= 0.36

NH = OI = PJ = QK =

162
2x85.33+108+162

= 0.37

NM = ON = PO = QP =

85.33
2x85.33+108+162

= 0.19

NO = OP = PQ = QR =

85.33
2x85.33+108+162

= 0.19

NT = OU = PV = QW =

108
2x85.33+108+162

= 0.25

TN = UO = VP = WQ =

108
2x85.33+108

= 0.38

TS = UT = VU = WV =

85.33
2x85.33+108

= 0.31

TU = UV = VW = WX =

85.33
= 0.31
2x85.33+108

FE =

85.33
85.33+129.6

LF =

129.6
85.33+129.6+162

LR =

162
85.33+129.6+162

RQ =

85.33
85.33+108+162

XR =

108
85.33+108

= 0.40
= 0.34

FL =
LK =

= 0.43 RL =
= 0.24

= 0.56

RX =
XW =

129.6
85.33+129.6

= 0.60

85.33
= 0.23
85.33+129.6+162
162
= 0.46
85.33+108+162
108
= 0.30
85.33+129.6
85.33
85.33+129.6

= 0.44

4. Coeficiente de Reparticin por Desplazamiento

85.33
2x4x85.33

= 0.125

5. Momentos de Piso

MFE = 52.35 x 3 = 157.05

MED = (52.35 + 25.55) x 3 = 233.7
MDC = (52.35 + 25.55 + 19.16) x 3 = 291.18
MCB = (52.35 + 25.55 + 19.16 + 12.78) x 3 = 327.52
MBA = (52.35 + 25.55 + 19.16 + 12.78 + 6.39) x 3 = 348.69

6. Tabla de Clculos

CORRECIONES
PRIMERA CORRECCION (POR DESPLAZAMIENTO)

SEGUNDA CORRECCION (POR DESPLAZAMIENTO)

TERCERA CORRECCION (POR DESPLAZAMIENTO)

DIGRAMA DE CORTE Y MOMENTOS POR TRAMOS (MET. CROSS)

III.-Mtodo De Takabella Con Desplazamiento

1. Calculo de Rigideces

KBH = KCI = KDJ = KEK = KFL = (3x63)/5 = 129.6*10-4

KHN = KIO = KJP = KKQ = KLR = (3x63)/4 = 162*10-4
KNT = KOU = KPV = KQW = KRX = (3x63)/6 = 108*10-4
KCol = 44/3 = 85.33*10-4
7. Calculo Coeficiente de Reparticin por Rotacin

BA = CB = DC = ED =

85.33
= 0.14
2(2x85.33+129.6)

BC = CD = DE = EF =

85.33
= 0.14
2(2x85.33+129.6)

BH = CI = DJ = EK =

129.6
= 0.22
2(2x85.33x129.6)

HB = IC = JD = KE =

129.6
= 0.14
2(2x85.33+129.6+162)

HG = IH = JI = KJ =

85.33
= 0.09
2(2x85.33+129.6+162)

HI = IJ = JK = KL =

85.33
= 0.09
2( 2x85.33+129.6+162)

HN = IO = JP = KQ =

162
= 0.18
2( 2x85.33+129.6+162)

NH = OI = PJ = QK =

162
= 0.18
2(2x85.33+108+162)

NM = ON = PO = QP =

85.33
= 0.10
2(2x85.33+108+162)

NO = OP = PQ = QR =

85.33
= 0.10
2(2x85.33+108+162)

NT = OU = PV = QW =

108
= 0.12
2(2x85.33+108+162)

TN = UO = VP = WQ =
TS = UT = VU = WV =

108
= 0.20
2(2x85.33+108)
85.33

= 0.15

2(2x85.33+108)

TU = UV = VW = WX =
FE =

85.33
2(85.33+129.6)

LF =

85.33
= 0.15
2(2x85.33+108)

FL =

129.6
= 0.30
2(85.33+129.6)

129.6
= 0.17
2(85.33+129.6+162)

LK =

85.33
= 0.11
2(85.33+129.6+162)

LR =

162
= 0.22
2(85.33+129.6+162)

RL =

162
= 0.23
2(85.33+108+162)

RQ =

85.33
= 0.12
2(85.33+108+162)

RX =

108
2(85.33+129.6)

= 0.15

XR =

108
= 0.28
2(85.33+108)

XW =

85.33
2(85.33+129.6)

= 0.22

= 0.20

3. Calculo del Coeficiente de Reparticin por Desplazamiento

3*85.33
2x4x85.33

= 0.375

4. Calculo Momento de Empotramiento Perfecto

MBH = -MHB = MCI = -MIC = MDJ = -MJD = MEK = -MKE = (5.5x52)/12 = 11.46Tn.ml
MHN = -MNH = MIO = -MOI = MJP = -MPJ = MKQ = -MQK = (5.5x42)/12 = 7.33 Tn.ml
MNT = -MTN = MOU = -MUO = MPV = -MVP = MQW = -MWQ = (5.5x62)/12 = 16.5 Tn.ml
MFL = -MLF = (3.5x52)/12 = 7.29 Tn.ml
MLR = -MRL = (3.5x42)/12 = 4.67 Tn.ml
MRX = -MXR = (3.5x62)/12 = 10.5 Tn.ml
5. Calculo de los m

mB =

11.46
= 190.83
2(300.26)*10-4

-190.83 = mC = mD = mE

mH = mI = mJ = mK = (-11.46+7.33)
= -44.67
2(462.26) *10-4

44.67

mN = mO = mP = mQ = (- 7.33+16.5) = 104.05
2(440.66)*10 -4

-104.05

mT = mU = mV = mW = (- 16.5)
= -296.06
2(278.66)*10 -4
mF = (7.29)
= 169.59
2(214.23)*10-4
mL = (-7.29+4.67)
2(376.93)*10-4

= -34.75

mR = (-4.67+10.5)
2(355.33)*10-4

= 82.04

-169.59
34.75
-82.04

mK = (-10.5)
= -271.56
-4
2(193.33)*10

271.56

-6. Calculo de los M

mB= (52.35+25.55+19.16+12.78+6.39)*3
2(4*85.33)*10-4
mC= (52.35+25.55+19.16+12.78)*3
2(4*85.33)*10-4
mD= (52.35+25.55+19.16)*3
2(4*85.33)*10-4
mE= (52.35+25.55)*3
2(4*85.33)*10-4

= 5107.96
= 4827.14

= 4265.50

= 3423.47

mF= (52.35)*3
= 2300.63
-4
2(4*85.33)*10

COMPROBANDO LOS MOMENTOS EN TAKABEYA

296.06

MBA =85.33*10-4(-2*2036.99+7288.58) = 27.43 -0.58

= 26.85

MBH =129.6*10-4(-2*2036.99-838.86)+11.46 = -52.21 -0.88

= -53.09

MBC =85.33*10-4(-2*2036.99-1899.63+9116.23) = 26.82 -0.58

= 26.24

MAB =129.6*10-4(-2*838.36-2036.99) -11.46

= -59.59-1.09

= -60.68

MHG=85.33*10-4(-2*838.36+7288.58)

=47.89 -0.12

=47.17

MHN =162*10-4(-2*838.36-1268.31)+7.33

=-40.38-1.37

=41.75

MHI =85.33*10-4(-2*838.36-878.68+9116.23) =55.98-0.72

=55.26

MNH =162*10-4(-2*1268.31-838.86)-7.33

=-62.01+1.79

=-60.22

MNM =85.33*10-4(-2*1268.31-7288.58)

=40.55+0.95

=41.50

MNT =108*10-4(-2*1268.31-1670.83)+16.5

=-28.94+1.20

=-27.74

MNO =85.33*10-4(-2*1268.31-1246.54+9116.23)-7.33 =45.51+0.95 =46.46

MCB =85.33*10-4(-2*1899.63-2036.99+9116.23)

=27.99-0.57 =27.42

MCI =129.6*10-4(-2*1899.63-878.68)+11.46

=-49.17-0.85 =-50.02

MCD =85.33*10-4(-2*1899.63-1644.36+8159.02) =23.17-0.

MIC =129.6*10-4(-2*878.68-1899.63)-11.46

=-58.85-1.09

=22.60

=-59.94

MIH =85.33*10-4(-2*878.68838.86+9116.23) =55.64-0.72

=54.92

MIO =162*10-4(-2*878.68-1246.54)+7.33

=-42.69

=-41.33-1.36

MIJ =85.33*10-4(-2*878.68-726.01+8159.02) =48.43-0.72

MOI =162*10-4(-2*1246.54-878.68)-7.33

=-61.95+1.76

=47.71

=-60.19

MON =85.33*10-4(-2*1246.54-1268.31+9116.23) =45.69+0.92

=46.61

MOU =108*10-4(-2*1246.54-1597.73)+16.5

=-26.51

=-27.68+1.17

MOP =85.33*10-4(-2*1246.54-1075.36+8159.02) =39.17+0.92

MUO =108*10-4(-2*1597.73-1246.54)-16.5

=-64.47-1.13

=40.09

=-65.60

MUT =85.33*10-4(-2*1597.73-1670.83+9116.23)=36.26-0.90

=35.36

MUV =85.33*10-4(-2*1597.73-1314.40+8159.02)=31.14-0.90

=30.24

MDC =85.33*10-4(-2*1644.36-1899.63+8159.02) =25.35-0.48

=24.87

MDJ =129.6*10-4(-2*1644.36-726.01)+11.46

=-41.30

=-40.57-0.73

MDE =85.33*10-4(-2*1644.36-1248.61+6518.47) =16.91-0.48

MJD =129.6*10-4(-2*726.01-1644.36)-11.46

=-51.59-0.94

=16.43

=-52.53

MJI =85.33*10-4(-2*726.01-878.68+8159.02) =49.73-062

=49.11

MJP =162*10-4(-2*726.01-1075.36)+7.33

=-34.78

=-33.61-1.17

MJK =85.33*10-4(-2*726.01-517.34+6518.47) =38.82-0.62

MPJ =162*10-4(-2*1075.36-726.01)-7.23

=-53.93+1.48

=38.20

=-52.45

MPO =85.33*10-4(-2*1075.36-1246.54+8159.02)=40.63+0.78

=41.41

MPV =108*10-4(-2*1075.36-1314.40)+16.5

=-19.94

=-20.92+0.98

MPQ =85.33*10-4(-2*1075.36-828.33+6518.47) =30.20+0.78

MVP =108*10-4(-2*1314.40-1075.36)-16.50

=-56.50-1.78

=30.98

=-58.28

MVU =85.33*10-4(-2*1314.40-1597.73+9159.02) =83.56-1.40

=32.16

MVW =85.33*10-4(-2*1314.40-898.90+6518.47) =27.52-1.40

=26.12

MED =85.33*10-4(-2*1248.61-1644.36+6518.47) =20.28-0.36

=19.92

MEK =129.6*10-4(-2*1248.61-517.34)+11.46

=-27.61-0.55

=-28.16

MEF =85.33*10-4(-2*1248.61-714.20+4218.90)

=8.60-0.36

=8.24

MKE =129.6*10-4(-2*517.34 -1248.61)-11.46

= -41.05-0.69

=-41.74

MKJ =85.33*10-4(-2*517.34 -726.01+6518.47) = 40.60-0.46

=40.14

MKQ =162*10-4(-2*517.34 -828.33)+7.33

=-23.72

= -22.85-0.87

MKL =85.33*10-4(-2*517.34 -162.66+4218.90) = 25.78-0.46

MQK =162*10-4(-2*828.33-517.34)-7.33

= -42.55+1.06

=25.32

=-41.49

MQP =85.33*10-4(-2*828.33-1075.36+6518.47) = 32.31+0.56

=32.87

MQW =108*10-4(-2*828.33898.90)+16.5

= -11.10+0.70

=-10.40

MQKR=85.33*10-4(-2*828.33399.37+4218.90) = 18.46+0.56

=19.02

MWQ =108*10-4(-2*898.90-828.33)-16.5

=-45.61

= -44.86-0.75

MWV =85.33*10-4(-2*898.90-1314.90+6518.47) = 29.06-0.58

=28.48

MWX =85.33*10-4(-2*898.90-345.97+4218.90) = 17.71-0.58

=17.13

MFE=85.33*10-4(-2*714.20-1248.61+4218.90) = 13.16+0.07

= 13.23

MFE=129.6*10-4(-2*714.20-162.66)+7.29

= -13.33+0.10

= -13.23

MLF=129.6*10-4(-2*162.66-714.20) -7.29

= -20.76-0.24

= -21.10

MLK=85.33*10-4(-2*162.66-517.34+4218.90) = 28.81 0.22

= 28.59

MLF=129.6*10-4(-2*162.66-714.20) -7.29

= -7.49

= -7.07 - 0.42

MRL=162*10-4(-2*399.37-162.66) -4.67

= -20.24

MRQ=85.33*10-4(-2*399.37-828.33+4218.90)

= 22.12

MRX=108*10-4(-2*399.37-345.97) +10.5

= -1.86

MXR=108*10-4(-2*345.97-399.37) - 10.5

= -22.29-0.08 = -22.37

MXR=85.33*10-4(-2*345.97-898.50+4218.90) = 22.43-0.06

= 22.37

MAB=85.33*10-4(-2036.99+7288.58) = 44.81
MGH=85.33*10-4(-838.86+7288.58) = 55.04
MMN=85.33*10-4(-1268.31+7288.58) = 51.37
MST=85.33*10-4(-1670.83+7288.58) = 47.94

DIGRAMA DE CORTE Y MOMENTOS POR TRAMOS (MET. TAKABEYA)

HALLAMOS LA CARGA CRTICA QUE PUEDE RESISTIR LA COLUMNA:

KL =
r

0.75x3
0.12

= 18.75

Pcr =

x2.17x106x2.13x10-3

= 129.76 Tn ,este es la maxima

18.752

fuerza que puede

Resistir la
columna

cr =

= 811 Tn/m2

295.69
0.42

Hallamos los esfuerzos y lo comparamos con los esfuerzos

permisibles:
Tomando para la columna acero de dimetro de

S = C
FSxL
ESxAS

FCxL
ECxAC

FS
=
21x106x80x10-6

FC
.
EC(AT-AS)

FC
.
2.17x106(.42-80x10-6)

FS = 0.000605FC............. (1)
FS + FC = 114.87............... (2)
FC = 114.80 Tn
FS =
C =

0.07 Tn
114.80

= 717.5 Tn/m2

0.42-80x10-6
S =

0.22
80x10-6

= 2750 Tn/m2

< que el Esf. Permisible.

del concreto
< que el Esf. Permisible del
acero

Hallamos el acero en la Viga:

a) Para que halla equilibrio:

C = F
fc x ba = fs x As
As = 2100x0.30a
25200
As = 0.025a
b) Por formula se tiene:
Ac = nAs (d-a)
ba2 = 9(0.025a) (0.57-a)
0.30a2 = 9(0.025a) (0.57-a)
a = 0.24
c) Por formula se sabe que:
As =

fs(d-a)
Para el quinto piso M =22.37tn-m
=

22.37.
25200(0.57-0.24)

= 0.002689 m2
= 27cm2
Requerimiento
8 de

 Para el cuarto piso M =28.48tn-m

=

28.48.
25200(0.57-0.24)

= 0.00342 m2
= 34cm2
Requerimiento
10 de
Para el tercer piso M = 58.28tn-m
=

58.28.
25200(0.57-0.24)

= 0.007 m2
= 70cm2
Requerimiento
12 de 1
Para el segundo piso M =65.60tn-m
=

65.608.
25200(0.57-0.24)

= 0.008677 m2
= 87cm2
Requerimiento
15 de 1
Para el primer piso M =67.46tn-m
=

67.46.
25200(0.57-0.24)

= 0.00811 m2
= 81cm2
Requerimiento
13 de 1