MATERIALS TESTING LABORATORY LABORATORY EXERCISE NO.

6 TESTING OF CONCRETE
LAB. EXERCISE NO. : 6 A TITLE: CONCRETE MIX PREPARATION AND CURING SPECIMENS OBJECTIVE: To prepare a concrete mix according to specification and to determine its properties (slump, density). Note: This exercise can be done simultaneously with LEN 6-B and 6-C. APPARATUS: Slump test apparatus Molds, beam molds & cylindrical molds, Tamping rod Shovel, scoop and trowel; Pail, Mixer or mixing pan Wood float, straightedge and ruler; Balance and weights

PROCEDURE: 1. Weigh equal amounts of sand and gravel for a total of about 15 kg. and place them into the mixer. Add 2 kg. of cement and, with the mixer turning, add water using a water-cement ratio of 0.45, 0.55 or 0.65 as assigned. Keep precise records of the amounts. It is convenient to measure the water in a beaker ( 1 L = 1 kg.). 2. The aim is to produce a mix consistency with a slump of about 50, 100, or 150 mm as assigned. Add water and cement in correct proportion with the aggregates. 3. Perform a slump test in the ff. manner: a. Place the slump mold on a flat, moist and non-absorbent surface. b. Fill the slump cone with the concrete mix to 1/3 of the depth of cone and tamp with the rod. Tamp the layer with 25 strokes uniformly distributed over the surface. c. Add another portion of the concrete mix to another 1/3 of the depth of the cone and tamp 25 times. The tamping rod should penetrate the entire depth of the layer being tamped. d. Add concrete mix to the slump cone until it is full. Tamp the layer as in step c above. Level-off the excess at the surface with a trowel or straightedge. e. Lift the mold slowly and carefully in a vertical direction. f. Measure immediately the slump with a ruler by getting the difference between the height of the cone and the height of the vertical axis of the slumped concrete. Record. 4. If the resulting slump is greater than the specified amount or smaller by more than 25 mm, mix the concrete again and make adjustments. 5. Measure and weigh specimen molds (cylindrical or beam molds). Fill the molds with the mix. Compact the concrete by rodding (3 layers of 25 strokes per layer for cylindrical specimens and 2 layers of 63 strokes per layer for beam specimens). Taper up the excess concrete on top of the mold and level it off after one hour. Weigh the mold with mix and compute the density. Tag specimens and place on each a damp paper on the top. Leave the specimens in a secured room for 24 hours before the molds are removed and specimens placed in the curing pond. 6. Test the specimens at the specified age. 35
Engr. E. G. Ronquillo MTM.3.07

MATERIALS TESTING LABORATORY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE HOLY ANGEL UNIVERSITY
LAB. EXERCISE NO. :________________ TITLE: ____________________________ DATE PERFORMED: ________________ DATE SUBMITTED: _________________
TEST RESULTS: CONCRETE MIX PREPARATION: w/c Ratio used Sand Gravel Cement Water Resulting Slump, mm Air content, Dimension of specimen molds: a. Cylinder mold diameter length volume b. Beam mold width thickness volume Weight of specimen mold, kg Weight of mold + concrete mix, kg Density or unit weight, kg/m3 or kN/m3 Sample1 Sample2 Sample3

NAME:_____________________ CLASS CODE:_______________ GROUP NO.: ________________ RATING: ___________________

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Engr. E. G. Ronquillo MTM.3.07

MATERIALS TESTING LABORATORY LABORATORY EXERCISE NO. 6 TESTING OF CONCRETE

LAB. EXERCISE NO. : 6 B TITLE: PREPARATION AND COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH TEST OF CYLINDRICAL CONCRETE SPECIMENS To prepare cylindrical concrete specimens and to test these specimens in compression. Note: Sample prepared in LEN 6-A can be used in this exercise. Compression Machine Compression cylindrical molds, 6 in. dia. and 12 in. ht. Vibrating table Standard steel tamping rod Mixing pan Capping material Trowel Straightedge PROCEDURE: 1. Obtain a representative sample from the concrete mix. Place the thoroughly-mixed sample in the cylindrical mold in 3 layers of approximately equal volume. Tamp each layer with 25 strokes with the steel tamping rod. The rod should penetrate the entire depth of the layer being tamped. Place the mold on the vibrating table for even distribution of concrete. After the top layer has been placed and tapered up, strike-off the excess (after one hour when initial set has been completed) with a straightedge and cover with a plate or damp material that will prevent evaporation. 2. After 24 hours, remove the specimen from the mold and cure until the time of test. Curing means to store the specimen in a moist condition at temperature range of 180C to 240C. Specimens should not be exposed to running water. 3. Prior to testing, cap the ends of the specimen with suitable material to make ends approximately at right angles to the axis of the cylinder. The cap should be as thin as possible. Use Neoprene cap is also accepted. 4. Get the average diameter by measuring two diameters at right angles to each other near the center of height of specimen. Measure also the height of the specimen with and without the caps. 5. Place the specimen, which is in a moist condition, on the lower platen of the machine. Apply load at a constant rate until the specimen fails. 6. Record the maximum load carried by the specimen.

OBJECTIVE:

APPARATUS:

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Engr. E. G. Ronquillo MTM.3.07

MATERIALS TESTING LABORATORY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE HOLY ANGEL UNIVERSITY
LAB. EXERCISE NO. :________________ TITLE: ____________________________ DATE PERFORMED: ________________ DATE SUBMITTED: _________________
COMPRESSION TEST DATA: 1. Age, days 2. Height, mm : : 7 : : 14 : : 28

NAME:_____________________ CLASS CODE:_______________ GROUP NO.: ________________ RATING: ___________________

3. Diameter, mm

: a) _______ b) _______

: a) _______ : b) _______ : : : :

: a) _________ : b) _________ : : : :

4. Average diameter, mm 5. Cross-sectional area, mm 2 6. Maximum Load,kN 7. Compressive strength, Mpa

: : : :

Note: The instructor shall discuss the proper operation of the Compression Machine. The lower platen should not rise by more than 500 mm as indicated on the front graduation.

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Engr. E. G. Ronquillo MTM.3.07

MATERIALS TESTING LABORATORY LABORATORY EXERCISE NO. 6 TESTING OF CONCRETE

LAB. EXERCISE NO. : 6 C TITLE: PREPARATION AND FLEXURE TEST OF CONCRETE BEAM OBJECTIVE: To determine the modulus of rupture of concrete beams. Note: Sample prepared in LEN 6-A can be used in this exercise. APPARATUS: UTM Flexure beam molds, 6 x 6 x 21 Standard tamping rod Mixing pan Shovel Trowel and wool float Curing facilities PROCEDURE: 1. Place the thoroughly-mixed sample, representative of the batch, in the mold with its long axis horizontal in layers apporoximately 3 inches in depth. Tamp each layer at 1 stroke per 2 in.2 of area. The top layer shall slightly overfill the mold. After each layer has been rodded, spade the concrete along the sides and ends of the mold with a trowel. After rodding and spading operations on the top layer are completed, let the mix set for one hour and then strike-off the surface with a straightedge and finish with a wooden float. Cover top with damp material. 2. After 24 hours, remove sample from mold and cure until time of test. 3. Sample may be tested using Third-Point loading or Center-point loading. Test sample in the same position as molded. Center the sample on the bearing blocks. Bring the load-applying blocks in contact with the upper surface of the specimen at the third-point supports (for thirdpoint loading) or at the center line between supports (for center-point loading). 4. Apply load at a uniform rate and in such a manner as to avoid shock. Increase load until specimen fails. Record the maximum load carried by specimen. 5. After the test, measure the average width and average depth of specimen at section of failure, measured to the nearest 0.05 in. (1.3 mm).

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Engr. E. G. Ronquillo MTM.3.07

CALCULATION: *For Third-Point Loading: a) If fracture is within middle third, calculate modulus of rupture by: PL R = Where: R P L b d = = = = = modulus of rupture, psi maximum load, lb. span, in. average width, in. average depth, in. bd2

b) If fracture is outside the middle-third of the span length by not more than 5% of the span length, calculate modulus of rupture by: 3Pa R = bd2

Where: a = distance between line of fracture and nearest support measured along the centerline of the bottom surface of the beam, in. c) If fracture is outside of cases (a) and (b), discard the results of the test. *For Center-Point Loading: Calculate Modulus of rupture by: 3PL R = Where: R P b d = = = = modulus of rupture, psi maximum load, lb. average width, in. average depth, in. 2bd2

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Engr. E. G. Ronquillo MTM.3.07

MATERIALS TESTING LABORATORY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE HOLY ANGEL UNIVERSITY
LAB. EXERCISE NO. :________________ TITLE: ____________________________ DATE PERFORMED: ________________ DATE SUBMITTED: _________________
FLEXURE TEST DATA: Type of Loading: __________ Third Point Loading __________ Center-Point Loading

NAME:_____________________ CLASS CODE:_______________ GROUP NO.: ________________ RATING: ___________________

1 Age in Days 2 Average Width, mm 3 Average Depth, mm 4 Span Length, L, mm 5 Maximum Load, P, kN 6 Modulus of Rupture, R, Mpa

14

28

Location of Fracture ( for Third Point Loading) ___________ (a) Within Middle third of span ___________ (b) Outside middle third, less than 5% of span ___________ (c) Outside middle third, more than 5% of span ___________ (d) Distance of fracture from nearest support, mm, for case (b)

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Engr. E. G. Ronquillo MTM.3.07