CLIENT SERVER COMPUTING

1. HISTORY:

2. INTRODUCTION: Clientserver computing is a distributed computing model in which client applications request services from server processes. Clients and servers typically run on different computers interconnected by a computer network. Any use of the Internet, such as information retrieval from the World Wide Web, is an example of clientserver computing A client application is a process or program that sends messages to a server via the network. Those messages request the server to perform a specific task, such as looking up a customer record in a database or returning a portion of a file on the servers hard disk. The client manages local resources such as a display, keyboard, local disks, and other peripherals. The server process or program listens for client requests that are transmitted via the network. Servers receive those requests and perform actions such as database queries and reading files. Server processes typically run on powerful PCs, workstations, or mainframe computers. The clientserver model is an extension of the object based (or modular) programming model, where large pieces of software are structured into smaller components that have well defined interfaces. Components interact by exchanging messages or by Remote Procedure Calling.

3. WHAT IS COMPUTING? Client/server is a distributed computing model in which client applications request services from server processes and Servers receive those requests and perform actions such as database queries and reading files.

In client/server computing, the application is split into tasks that are performed on different computers linked by a network, one of which is a programmable workstation. An example of a clientserver system is a banking application that allows a clerk to access account information on a central database server. 4. WHY USE COMPUTING?

5. WHERE IT IS USED?

6. ADVANTAGES: The advantages of Client-server computing are as follows: 6.1. Increased Productivity Client/server also increases productivity by allowing users to access the network at any time and from anywhere. 6.2. Scalability Scalability of a server or an application is the ability to provide service without degradation in performance as load increases. 6.3. Backup and Recovery Administrators can schedule backups periodically. 6.4. Centralized Control

Client/server computing centralizes data and resources on a common server.

7. DISADVANTAGES:

The drawbacks of the clientserver model are that security is more difficult to ensure that data distributed across servers needs to be kept consistent, and that the failure of one server can render a large clientserver system unavailable. If a server fails, none of its clients can make further progress, unless the system is designed to be fault-tolerant. The computer network can also become a performance or reliability bottleneck: if the network fails, all servers become unreachable. If one client produces high network traffic then all clients may suffer from long response times.

8. LIMITATIONS:

9. REFERENCES: The purpose of the traffic rule is to make the road safe for everybody. 9.1. Bardram, J. E. (1998): Designing for the Dynamics of Cooperative Work Activities, Proceedings of the 1998 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work, Seattle, Washington, USA, 1998. ACM Press, pp. 89-98. Bossen, C. (2002): The parameters of Common Information Spaces: the Heterogeneity of coop-erative Work at a Hospital Ward, Proceedings of the 2002 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work CSCW2002, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, Nov. 2002. ACM, pp.

9.2.