Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
by
S.SRINIVASA RAO
Junior Officer (Telecom) Emp. No. 103140
Under guidance of
Sri. B.KRUPANANDAM
Senior manager (Telecom) VISAKHAPATNAM STEEL PLANT
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project work entitled IMPROVEMENT OF SHOPFLOOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM IN MMSM AT ROLLING MILLS being submitted by Mr S.Srinivasa Rao, Empno 103140 Junior Officer (Telecom) works department in partial fulfillment course for of comprehensive phase 3 in managerial JOs
Visakhapatnam Steel Plant during 2008-09 is a record of bonafide work carried out by him under my guidance and supervision.
B.KRUPANANDAM
Senior Manager(Telecom)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I take this opportunity to thank Sri
B.KRUPANANDAM
Senior
Manager(Telecom) who is my project guide for his valuable guidance and cooperation. I also thank Sri
S.PRASADA RAO
K.IYAPILLAI
(Teecom), Head of the department. My heartiest thanks to Sri DR MULLAR, Asst. General Manager (Training) and his team of training & development centre for giving me this opportunity.
Dt :
(S.Srinivasa Rao)
Junior Officer(Telecom) Emp. No. 103140
Declaration
I hereby declare that this project work entitled IMPROVEMENT OF SHOPFLOOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM IN MMSM AT ROLLING MILLS being submitted by me is exclusively done by me as part of the comprehensive for managerial course in phase-III Junior Officiers
Visakhapatnam Steel Plant during 2008-09 and is an original work which has not been submitted to any university or college at any point of time earlier.
Place:
S.Srinivasa Rao
Date: (Telecom) Emp. No. 103140 Junior Officer
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
01
02
MODIFICATION
CORAL EXCHANGE
04
CARDWISE DESCRIPTION 17
23
BENEFITS
24
CONCLUSION
INTRODUCTION
The Digital Electronic Exchange Communication System of modal Coral Flexion 400 equipment is supplied by M/s Tadiran. The people needs the requirements of Shop floor Communication for regular operation as well as maintenance activities in running and shutdown days of mills. The Digital Exchange Communication system equipment comprises of Central Processor Card(MEX), Ringer Power Supply Card(RPS), Per
feral Power Supply Card(PPS) and Time Switching Card(SVC) are the Fixed Slots in the Exchange System. It is having Universal Slots by interchanging any Slot and inserting any Card of the following. These are 8 circuits of Shared Service Card (8DRCM), 8 circuits of Digital Card (8SFT/SDT), 8 circuits of Co Trunk Card (8TPF) and Subscribers Card (24SLS). The Coral FelxiCom system is computer controlled, Voice and switches encoded both using voice and data signals using Time Division Multiplexing (TDM). signals Pulse Coded Modulation (PCM) and both packet and channelized data are transmitted through the system over common advanced highways. feature This is is highlighted HOT and LINE having
Communication. It is having the interfacing facility for connecting of MAX Telephone lines and Trunk lines, call pickup, Call forward and wakeup Call.
MODIFICATION
To meet the requirements of fast communication HOT LINE is one of the solutions. A pair of predefined telephone numbers
can be made as Hot Line. Since neither of the two telephones in a hot line can communicate to other telephones except to its counter part the availability of the system is more. And also no dialing is required the communication is very fast. Keeping these benefits in view there was an extensive demand for this hot line in MMSM. But unfortunately the ELTEK system does not allow more than 5 lines. This limitation prompted to go for modification. System was installed in 90s and the model was outdated. Hence the spares were no more in production for the past three years. So, maintenance of the system becomes difficult which needed replacement of the ELTEK system. A required to do some system administrator jobs is like
administrative
extending some of facilities to the subscribers, making two telephones as hot lines, numbering plan etc.. These administrative jobs can be carried out with the help of digital telephones or personnel computers. This ELTEK exchange cannot support digital telephones and moreover administration of this exchange was very complex. The present Digital Electronic Exchange Communication System available in the market have many more facilities and adoptability to the on going technological developments. And have facility to maintain and administer remotely. This remote maintenance
interface (RMI) was not available with this ELTEK exchange. Any expansion for its system should support with
future
requirements
minimum hardware addition. The ELTEK system was a rigid system with no flexibility to expand. The ELTEK exchange line cards can handle only 8 ( eight ) lines comparative with present available cards which can handle 24 lines. So the present available systems are compact and can be easily mounted on wall or table. Conducting conferences have became regular activity in any organization. If the But conference the ELTEK can be conducted cannot through for telephones, time and other resources can be saved. system support conducting conferences. The ELTEK exchange used to give many troubles due to its also limitation the in operating temperature. And power
consumption was more, the battery backup time was less in case of power failures. The demand for number of normal telephone connections, number of hotlines and other facilities were increased and the system was unable to provide them due to its limitations. So, the ELTEK system needed replacement.
expands gracefully into a Coral FlexiCom 5000 configuration, utilizing all cabinet except the cabinet.
Requiring only 35 x 22 of wall space, the Coral FelxiCom 400 demands little more space than Coral FlexiCom 300, yet provides 50% additional port capacity when powered from AC mains and 150% additional port capacity when powered from DC mains. The cabinet contains 16 card slots for both peripheral interface and Shared Service Cards. The cabinet is a convection cooled, and includes a wall mount bracket and cover. Peripheral interface system connections are made via 16 female, 25 pair AMP Champ or Am phenol Microribbon type connectors. Power and interface cables exit from the lower left corner.
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION:-
The Coral FelxiCom digital communications switching system employs the latest advancement in telecommunications technology. The Coral FelxiCom system is computer controlled, and switches both voice and data signals using Time Division Multiplexing (TDM). Voice signals encoded using Pulse Coded Modulation (PCM) and both packet and channelized data are transmitted through the system over common highways, ensuring an efficient transfer of signals from one port to another. The Coral FlexiCom is circuitry divided operationally into two functions Control and Switching. The system also is physically divided physically into two sections Common Control and Peripheral. Control functions are performed throughout the system, while switching functions are performed only in peripheral section. While the peripheral circuitry capacity varies substantially from one configuration to other in the family, the common control circuitry is nearly identical in all systems.
SYSTEM CONTROL:Control of the Coral FlexiCom system operations is distributed among processor throughout a four level hierarchy within the system. The modular control hierarchy ensures that control resources grow with the system. The open architecture ensures continued compatibility with systems and features yet to be conceived. The Master Controller (MEX IP) located in the common control section, is responsible for the supervision of the configuration database and system wide functions. Card Controllers located on each card in the peripheral section (24SFT, 24SLS, 8TPF) oversee the status of Shared Service and Peripheral Interface ports. Station Controllers located in all voice station equipment devices, manage the voice and data functions of multi button digital telephone sets and APA interface modules. Application Processor link to the master controller through a proprietary data communications protocol to provide non-telephony enhancements to system. This design offers significant advantages over other systems built around a single point of control. The number of controllers in the Coral FlexiCom system is directly proportional to systems size. When new features or ports are added to the system, control power is increased as well. As a result, the work load on each controller remains consistent. Regardless of the size of the system. And by evenly distributing control functions, the risk of system failure is reduced dramatically. The real time functions of port status management are handled by Card Controller. Station controllers manage all display, indicator, data switching, and status functions of multibutton electronic telephone sets. Dedicated
Applications Processors integrate processorintensive database manipulation and statistical data processing capabilities. The master controller performs less time critical functions such as management of the system resources and configuration database, and supervision of diagnostic routines.
The Master Controller executes a multi-tasking operating system, which in turn executes the Coral FlexiCom operation software program. The operating software is divided into task modules, each responsible for a portion of the system operation. Various modules include voice switching, VoIP, ISDN service, data switching, diagnostics, administrative, programming interface, etc... Communications between the Common Control and Peripheral circuitry is established through the Group Controller, through the Group Controller is considered neither a Common Control nor a Peripheral function. The
Group Controller uses High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) channels to provide a two way, serial data communications link between the Master Controller and each of the Card Controllers. Each peripheral shelf has access to two HDLC channels. While communications normally occurs on the first channel, the system can use either or both channels when necessary to ensure absolute system reliability.
The Group Controller also provides Peripheral services functions such as generation of system tones. Peripheral bus timing, diagnostics testing, and time slot interchange. Each Card Controller executes a card-specific program to continuously monitor the activity of port residing on its card, and act on instructions from the master Controller to change a port state. The Card Controller is responsible for identifying changes in the status of each of its ports, such as on-hook / off-hook, hook-switch flash, dialing, ringing, incoming call, central office disconnect, etc and reporting these events to the Master Controller. The Master Controller examines the configuration database, and determines the appropriate response to the event, such as assigning or releasing time slots, returning dial tone, ringing a telephone, or releasing a trunk seizure. The Master Controller then instructs the associated Card Controllers to take the necessary action in order to carry out the response. The Station Controller identifies the station status, such as on-hook / offhook, incoming data and key press sequences and passes this information via a control channel over twisted pair wiring to the Card Controller. The Station Controller also interprets control and display information from Master Controller, such as speaker on / speaker off, display text, illuminate indicator LEDs, enables data, etc and acts on the information accordingly.
Applications processors provide enhanced functions that are not directly related to processing calls, such as directory management and statistical computation. The Applications Processors are described in more detail in their respective product descriptions.
The Coral system architecture is determined the Group Controller Card used in the system.
Peripheral interface cards provide the Coral FlexiCom system with a wide variety of interfaces for interconnecting station, trunk, and ancillary equipment and facilities. Each card incorporates an 8-bit microcontroller as the Card Controller. Signal gain is adjustable in the configuration database for each connection type through the system and for each individual Peripheral interface. All peripheral interface circuits are fully protected against electrical surge and electromagnetic and radio-frequency interfaces (EMI and RFI) and meets or exceeds all requirements and specifications of telecommunications and electrical safety authorities world-wide. SHARED SERVICE CARDS :Shared service cards reside in the peripheral section of the Coral FlexiCom system, and provide community functions such as DTMF tone recognition dial and call progress tone identification, and multi party conferencing. Each card incorporates an 8-bit microcontroller as the Card Controller. DIGITAL TRUNK CARDS :Digital trunk cards reside in the peripheral section of the Coral FlexiCom system. Each of the Coral FlexiCom digital trunk interface cards derives a clock signal from the receive data stream of the PSTN. This signal may be used to operate the Coral FlexiCom system in the slaved clock (or loop-timed) mode, synchronizing the PCM clock of the Coral FlexiCom with the public network. Any two digital trunk cards (except those located in CoraLITE remote Peripheral shelves) can be designated as primary and secondary external clock source. Thus, with the loss of clock signal
from the primary card, the system simply switches to the clock from secondary card. The Group Controller card contains the high-precession clock circuitry, which synchronizes the Coral FelxiCom system. The phase-lock circuitry synchronizes the Coral PCM clock to a signal derived from one of two digital trunk interface cards, designated the primary and secondary external clock source. This feature enables the Coral FlexiCom system to integrate with any digital telephone network in the world. VOICE SWITCHING :The Coral FlexiCom voice switching circuitry may be further divide into two functions Peripheral interface and Shared service. Individual voice channels are established through the Coral FlexiCom system between two or more ports, during one of 64 TDM time slots over a PCM highway. A port may be a shared service such as a tone detector circuit or one of the input / output circuits of a conference bridge or it may be a Peripheral interface such as a Coral FlexSet or Single-line station interface, a digital trunk interface, or a music-on-hold input. The Coral FlexiCom systems Universal Slot design allows any type of port card to be installed in any order, in any slot in the system. The analog voice signal at the port is first converted to a series of binary numbers by a PCM Coder/ Decoder circuit, commonly referred as codec. The codec refers the voice signal 8,000 times a second measuring the analog amplitude to a binary number. This is the essence of the PCM process, the international standard for digital conversion, or digitizing of an analog signal. Once digitized, a voice signal can be transmitted to any other point in a digital network, whether across the room or across the world, without any signal distortion or degradation.
At the same time, the codec receives a binary number (a digitized sample) from the other port in the connection and translates this to an analog voltage. These voltages, generated by the codec 8,000 times a second, reconstruct with near-perfect accuracy, the original voice signal sampled by the other port in the connection. The codec is also used for port status processing. Codecs are
Used on most peripheral interface and Shared Service cards, which process signals that already are in digital form. Proprietary digital station sets such as the Coral FlexSet incorporate a codec in the telephone circuitry to digitize the voice signal within the telephone set. The digitized voice signal from the codec is applied to a PCM highway via the Peripheral Bus Controller (PBC) circuit, located on the peripheral interface or Shared service card. The PBC establishes connections between the codecs and PCM highways. Each PCM highway consists of transmit and receive bus. The Master Controller assigns transmit and receive time slots to the port when the port requires a voice channel. The PBC outputs a sample from ports codec onto the transmit bus during the assigned receive time slot and passes the samples to ports codec.
Each transmit and receive bus is multiplexed 64 time slots, which allows 64 simultaneous, two way voice channels per PCM highway. Each Peripheral card has access to two PCM highways. This enables up to 512 ports to be in use simultaneously in each peripheral shelf.
rectifier or stationary battery plant. Actual input may vary from 42 to 58 volts.
Circuit Description:The PPS contains three, pulse width modulated (PWM), switch mode DC-DC converters witch convert the 48v DC input power to +5v DC, -5v DC, +12v DC and -12v DC operating voltages for the Coral- II internal circuitry. The PPS also further filters to minimize ripple and noise, current limits the 48v DC input to feed the peripheral cads slots. All outputs except the -48v DC output are regulated. Voltage and current level monitoring circuitry check each output of the PPS and produce alarm signaling to the Coral-II system main processor in the event of abnormality. Input ----- 48v DC, 20A max Output ---- +5v DC, 15A max; -5v DC, 3A max; +12v DC, 8Amax;-12v DC, 0.15A max; -48v DC, 8A max Indicators ---- power ON; output voltages test jacks.
Ring Generator Power Supply (RPS):The RPS provides high voltage ring generator current required by single- line telephone station ports of the 24SLS cards installed in the Coral-II switching systems. The RPS operates from a nominal input of 48v DC, typically supplied by an external 48v DC rectifier or stationary
battery plant. Actual I/p may vary from 42v to 48v DC.
Circuit Description:The RPS contains a low frequency oscillator produces an AC waveforms and power rectifier which convert the 48v DC input power to 75,85 or 105 volts (16,20 or 25 HZ) alternating current (AC); for use as a ringing message waiting signal on industrial standard, single line telephone (SLT); and magneto telephone station ports. The output of the oscillator is fed to the power amplifier. The output of the power amplifier is fed to the output transformer. The output voltage is regulated and adjustable from the front panel. Voltage monitoring circuitry checks the output of the RPS and produces alarm signaling to the CoralII system main processor in the event of abnormality. Input ----Output ----Selectable; Selectable Indicators ----jacks. 48v DC, 20A max AC voltage75, 85 or 105v Frequency 16, 20 or 25 HZ power ON; output voltage test
Control DC Power Supply (CPS):The CPS provides the +5v operating voltage for the common control shelf of switching system. The CPS operates from a nominal input of 48v DC, typically supplied by an external 48v DC rectifier or stationary battery plant. Actual I/p may vary from 42v to 58v DC.
Circuit Description:The CPS contains a pulse width modulated (PWM),switch-mode DC-DC converter which converts the 48v DC input power regulated +5 volts operating voltage for the Coral common circuitry. Voltage and current level monitoring circuitry checks the output is within the tolerance of the CPS and produces alarm signaling to the Coral-II system main processor in the of abnormality.
----- 42-58v DC, 6A max ----- +5v DC. ----- power ON; output voltage test
the same pair of wires which carry voice signals. To signal a call to the telephone station, high voltage, low frequency, alternating current (AC) ring generator is superimposed on the ring (negative) conductor, to operate a high impedance ringer or bell at the station. Each SLS card contains an option strap which instructs the card software to identify itself to operate a high voltage, neon, gas discharge lamp; commonly used as a message waiting indicator.
Circuit Description:
A simplified circuit diagram of one of the twenty four station circuits. The major components are relay K1,a precision resistor network, the subscriber line interface circuit (SLIC) , and a digital - toanalog converter (or codec ).
An IMC8 slot is mounted on the MEX board. The IMC8 contains the code and database and is essential for system operation there must be removed from its slot during system operation. It integrates through the main processor, memory management circuitry, local bus interface, programming and maintenance data port, real time clock, generic feature software memory and database memory. Determine the data send/receive rate in bits per second (bps) for KB0 or RS 232 data interface ports. Baud rate also determines the modem capability for the modem port.
Front Panel:
There is an IMC8 slot and release button. In this two expansion panels for CLA, instead of four. In this one no. of KBO connector in 9 pin D-type RS 232-E, instead of 25 pin.
STATUS DISPLAY:-
SYSTEM STATUS:-
. 0 12 13 14 6 C E F L r P 5
Normal System Operation Offline for maintenance Diagnostics Mode Appear During Initialization Lithium back up battery low Flash memory checking error Memory Configuration error AC power fail Software authorization unit Cant be detected Ram error Protection level error Wait state register error
BENEFITS
High
availability
of
front-end
shop
floor
communication. Provision for expansion of more subscriber lines and hot lines . Availability of Remote software changes for group call , call pickup , call storage, last call memory and priority calls Availability of interconnection facility for trunk lines and MAX lines. Availability of power backup facility for 8 hours. Up-gradation facility for hardware and software. Availability of Seedy dialing facility for all the subscriber lines. Standard interfaces like RS 232, LAN etc are provided for interfacing with other systems and applications. Availability of standard interfaces for interoperability with other systems like central computer, power plant computer, etc. Thus Digital Electronic Exchange Communication system has proven that a better technology establishment is a one time cost but the fruits we see from this are continuous and encouraging.
CONCLUSION
Earlier sophisticated equipment is due to lack of Analog Exchange, model of ELTEK which is supplied by M/s L&T Ltd is the first product of communication Systems. It was very difficult to predict whether the subscriber line connection is through from exchange to prescribed destination. It is very difficult to connect the Hotline communication between one Control Pulpit and another Control Pulpit because there is no provision to club two subscriber lines as a single Hotline. It is only the way by using of wring and there is no particular administrative software for changing the communication requirements. And on fuse protection for abstraction of higher incoming power supply. Further it was a very time consuming process to undo the effect causing the problem. In the mean time sometimes the quantity production loss occurred due to non availability of proper speedy communication in the particular area. To avoid this burning problem, finally we have decided to replace the existing Analog Communication System to Digital Electronic Exchange Communication system. It is a very advanced in easy system, the field software which of fast programmable has brought communication communication revolution
systems.
It
is links
easy
changeable
software and
programming subscriber to
between The
subscriber Digital
subscriber , group calls , priority calling and normal hotlines. Electronic Exchange Communication System over comes all the above bottlenecks.