38 SCIENTIFIC@PHYSICS

lnstruation sheet

l orl ubes C l ampi ns i aw s H el mH oesfof i nserti ng R tai ni ngl i der l ortubesand optka S tock

whenoprating tubes, maybe liveto theierminals highvohages thatardangerous to touch. . Do not modfy (i,(Lrir! unle5s ll porer (upplies areturnd o. . Do not mount or removetubes unlessa power lurnedoff. suppliesare

alLrubes ot the Thetubeholder accommodates !ies Demondrarion UI9l50- Ll9l_l (ltL 520 Tfl 5s5)ard rl'cirr,c$ores. sJ(ha( rl'eDemoi. Helmholtz Coik U19105 502)and stralion {TEL plur Ulq r0b(l tL 507) Demon\trr on Au\iliry Coil (TEL u19172 the 0piicalAnlogue equipment 555A). ,r Thcr.rbp holder,on\i\r\ of d powder-carpd plte (4)wlth stan(hion uminium bse anupright (l) and fork-shaped holder for hot (aihode tubes

Ih.rr kn bp rolFd b) lbO'andis mdde ol hedr plastic. resistant, highlyinsulatins Ihe tubesare scured intosprung clmps with retaining slider\. Two holes are boredin the b:se p ate to accommodate a pairof demonqrtion Helmholtz coils at the"Helmholtz separdtion distance" for geeraiing a uniform msnelic field.Ih tubeholderrests on three non-slip rubberlet.

4.2 Setting up rhe Helmholtz coils . Plcethe tLrbein the holderas described . Inserr the Helmholtz with tubes intotheholes the onections facinBouiwards. Pushthe sleeves on the rod upwards andinserithe rod al anan8le. rl"e Pt(hlhe tleeves into the hole5 lo se(ure

D m ens o n s i

240 x 180 x 350 mm' 76mm 2kg

4.3 Setlins up the auxiliary coil . Placethe coilon theupperfork. . Push the retaining 5lider overthe lip of the auxiliary coil to se(ure thecojl in place. 4.4 stlingup the optl(alanalogue eq|lpment v wirh grdtinB Insen Il.e a Jminiun d rhe inlo ' thestanchlon frombehind.

W er ghl:

4.1 Setting up and removing hot (athode tubes . Tubes should nol be mounred or remo\ed unless all power supplies a.edisconnected, . Push thejwclamp sliders on thesrrchion ol the tubehoder rightbackso that the jaws . . . Push lhebosses ofthtube intothejaws. jw Pusl' the clanps torMrd or rhestancl" ons to secufe thetube within ihejaws, push Toremove ihtube, thejawclamps rieht back again andtakeihe tubeout ol thejaws.

. WestoniuDerlMare'Some6et ATELTRON Productlrom LrKIB S.ienlific Road Lid..8 Beaconlield BS231YE . e.mail (0)1934 (0)1914 Tel0044 425lll . Fax 0044 425314 uk3bs@3b(ientifk..om Technica amendments areposible

PHYSICS 3B SCIENTIFICc)

lnstructon sheet
Co

1. Drcrlrtlon
lhe Helmholtz coils are u5ed to create magneilc e l e fl ro r b e a msdrd F aL f r elosi o ' d c tl F i fi n S ]h e i ube hol def t ac he d i o th e tu b e h o l d e rU 1 9 1 0 0 coni gufa' allow s th e c o i k to b e s tu p i n H e l m h ol i z fi ed a h i g h l y u n i i o rm m agnei i c t io io Be n e ra l e per pe n d i c u lto a r th e a x i s of lheiube. (op_ c o i l s re ma d eo l l acquered I he lw o l r' fi l l e d stand per w i re o n a p l a s ti c b o b b i no n a n n s ul l rng rod with piastlcs eevesfor insertioninio speclally i ube hol der. dr ille d h o l e ! o n th e d e m o n n ra ti o n Coectionsare labelledfrom lhe nart (A) to ihe end{ Z )o fth e c o i lw l n d i n s .

10mn) 1.5A {rnax. 2.0A(max.lmjn) 6l) approx.

fl N l agneti cuxI i n i gurai l oni H el mhol tz-conf

,
.

:. g$lratio'

tubesntol he hol d rwit h rnserr i h H el mhol l z

:ix''f
Num b e r o Jw i n d i n g ( olld i a me te r:

fcing outwards. theconnections Pr\h rhe(lee\e! drd n\ef on rhFrodup$rd\ angle. therodinioihehole5atan the into the holrio secure Push the s eeves Z ol coi 1 socket connect Forseries connection, to Fig1.1). to ,ocket Z of coil2 (reler whencaltu' current the totaL Take intoac.ount a. atlng A of coi connect socki Forparallel connection, z of coil 2 andtockeiZ ol coil 1 to 1 to sockel io Fig1.21. socker A of coil2 (refer

320each 136 mmpprox. l45mmx8mmO 1.0 A

To calculate A the total current 2 / shouldbe halved sin(bothcoils have ihe same resirtance andhalfthecurrent / passes through each one.

Fig. 1,15risconnection Fig. 1.2Panlll conndion Makesureth conndo|s of each coilarefacins outwa ds

AfELTRoN . Some6er Prodo.tfrom UK3B scientificttd.. S Beaconlield Road. Wefon-su BS231YE DeFMare (0)193442s333. re 0044 (0)1934 Fax 0044 425334. e-mailuk3bs@3b<ienrifi..com f.hnical amendments arepossible O copyisht 2008lBkietifk cmbH

PHYSICS 38 SCIENTIFIC@

Instruction sheet
screen 1. Fluofescent deflectio 2. Lower P ate with4-mm Plug 3. Boss deflecUon for conecting plates 4. Electron 9un for 5, 4-mm sockets hetersLrp_ connecllng 6.4-mm Plugfor con' deflecllon 7. Upper Plate

. Hot c a th o d e tu b e s a re th i n -w l l e d, hl ghl v ev ac J d re dg l s s tu b e s , T re a t tl _ e m cre' J l ! as t her e i s a ri s k o f i fn p l o s i o n . . Do n o t s u b j e c tth e tu b e to m e c h ani cal

Onl y changeci rcui tsw i th po\rer suppl v sw i tchedoff equi prnent . Onl y exchange tubes w i th pow ef s0pplv equi pmentsw i tchedoff. W hen the tube i s operatl on,the stock oi t he . al l ow the tube to cool befor e If necessary, di smantl i ng.

pa_ Do not exceedlhe statedoperatg rameters,If voltageor currentis too high is at the wrongtemperaor the cathode deture,ii canleadto the tubebecoming the termin.ls Whenthe tubeis in operation, wiih of the tubemybe at highvoltages to comeinto contact which t is dangerous

The demonstrafi onel e.l ron-bearr def aclio_ Lhe def lel_ rube rs ten.l ed fo- i nvesLi gl :19 and -ndg Li on ol el ectrcn beri s ra el ect-i cal neti c fl el ds. I! can be used to esti mate t he

speclfic charge of an electron e/m and to deiermine the electron velocity v The electro-beam deflection tube comprrses an electron gun which mits a narrow foctrssed ribbon of cathode rays within an evcuar ed c l e a r g l s s b u l b A tu n g s ten ' hai rp' 1 f llam e n t h o t c a th o d e i s h e a te d d l rectl y and ihe anode takes the form of a cvllnder' The def lec L ' o no f ra y s c a n b e c h i e v ed el ectros r at ica l ' yb y me a n s o f a b u l l F i n p l ate cpactor formed by the palr of deflection plates or magnetically with th help of the demonstrat i H e l m h o l tzc o i l s U 1 9 1 0 5 (T E L 502) magby ra y s a ' e i n L ercepLed t he caLhooe ner lc a l l v , a f lat m i c a s h e e t, o n e s i d e o f w h l c h i s coated wit h a fl u o re s c e n ts c re e n a d th e other si de graLrcul e of whi .h i s p n n re d w l th a c e n tl m e L ' e s o lha t th e p a tn o i i h e e l e c k o rs c a n be easi l y traced. Th mlca shel is held at 15 to the ax r s of th e tu b e b y rn e tw o d e fl e c i lngpl tes

4.1 stting uP the electron'beam deflecton tube i n the tube hol der . The Lube shoul d not be moLrred or r emoved Jrl ess l l pow er < upD es a-e ols. P usl . l l ' e j aw cl amp s| ders on l 5e st aa_ .hi on ofthe tube hol der rl ght back so t hat Push the bosses of the tube into the jaws on l ha <t a1P uchthe j aw c' amp. fo/rd chronsto secJreLhetLbe w i thl n i he j aws

. .

4.2 R emovi ng the el ectron-beam def lecton tube from the tube holder . ro rmove the tube, push the j aw cl am ps i ght bac< agarnaro t(e the Lubeoul or

voltagei Fllaent

3 7,5 V ACIOC 1000v-500 0 v Dc v ax. 5000 54 mmapprox, 90mmx60mm 130mm 0 aPprox 260mmaPprox

Defleclorplale voltagei platesi scrcenr Fluorescent Glass bulb: Totallength:

To perform experimentsusing the DemonTbe th' Deflecton st.Llon ElecLron-Beam is alsorequlredl equipment followlng standfor deonstrationtubes 1 Universal (TEL 501)to holdthe tube U191Oo ihe to supplv power u21060 supply 2 6 kv requiredpowerto the healer,anodead cathodeand dflectorPlales coils Helmholtz Pairof donsiratlon (TEL a (practi502)to generate U19105 field cally) uniformmagnetic the to power supply u11715 DC-power coils HelmholLz the coil current to measure Amperemeter U17451 4ultimeter e.9. Dlgital

5.1 Magneticdeflction the . Set up the tubeas In Fig x connect ro tl_e volLage anode of the mlrus-pole rnm socketmarkedwlth a mlnus tubesIntothe holes . Insertthe Helmholtr of the tubeholder. so that ln series . Thecolls are connected lhe currentfows throuqhthem both ln bothlermiConnect th samedlrectlon andconnecl supply nalsA to the power together, the two Z terrnlnals power supply. . Turon the high-tenslon . Energ se LheHerno|rcols 1dobserve the path of the beam beam is crculr, Tne Dal5 of the ,urnlnous prane oeroendicLlr In a beinq the deflecti04 field. to the electromagnetlc At f)<edarode voltager1e radiusdecreases coilcurrent w th Increasing the radlusIncreases Wlth a fixedcoil current a potentlal, indicatig anode with Increaslng veloclty. higher moving of mssm and charge An electron field A magnetic to a unform oeroendlcular force Lorertsz bv rhe / is deflected ve,ocrty ;t path of radlls r' Bev onto a crcular
frl

5.2 Elctrc dflecton the . Set uD the Lubeas In fg 2. Connecl Lothe 4_ volL9e ol the anode minu;-po'e with a minus. mrked mm socket power supply . Turnon th high-tension platevoltdge and . Switch on Lhedeflector observethe Pathof the beam

An electron with velociry v passingthrough Lheelectric field E produced by a plate capacitor heldat a voLage UD with a platespacing d is deflectedinto the curved path of a prabola governedby lhe equation: y=- 1e F " \z) -xwherey is the llneardeflection achieved over a linear distancex.. 5.3 Calculating e/m und y 5,3.1 By means of magnetic deflection r Set up th experiment as in Fig1. Yhe velocity ls dependert on the anodevoltageUasuchthat:

wherek = in good approximation 4,2 rTlA = wilh n = 320 (windings) andR 68 mm (coil radius). 5.3.2 By means of electric deflecton . Set up the experiment as In Fig2. e/m can be calculaled from equation2: e 2y v'z where F

-:4 = wlth Up dfector platevoltageand d = platespacing. 5.4 By meansof field compensation as in 'lg 2. sel Jo ' Set up the experiment the -elrrholu cols addifonally as 1 experlmenl5,l(Flg1), . Tu.n on rhe high-Lenslon power supp. onltsanddeflect the beamelectrlcally, . Eherglse the Helmholtz coilsand adjust the voltage ln sucha way tht the riagnetlc field compensates the electrlcfleld and the bemls o longerdeflected neld compensates The magnerrc rhe deile(by the electronof the electrcn bearn caused tric fleldr e E=e v E Theveloclty v cnbe calc!latedi (8) B whereF= 2. of I refer For the calculation

r v = .12=u ,

glves Solvlng equations 1 and 3 simultaneous the followlng expression for lhe speclfic Enarce e/m,
(4)

Ua can be mesured dlrectly,a nd r can be delermlned experlmentally, 5,3.1.1 Determlnlng r r ls obrained geo-nefradlus o'cJ.vature 'he rlcally as in Flg,3l r, = x, +(r-y), so thall x2 +v2 r = --;--. 5,3,1,2 Calculailng B The magnetlc fieldgenflux A of a magnetic eraredby lhe Helmholtz corlsin Helmholtr geometry and LhecollcurrenL I canbe ccu-

to polnt5,3,1,2, The spclfic charge/m can be ca culatedl e m 1 r6t'z 2U^ r\B)

I =11)'
tsl

(6)

rJ2106! /]

VJ

deflectlo Fl9, 1 I.,lagnetic

Y)

'"Xt---_-l
(,\

t-"-----------"J

oo

6,3v^

derectlon Flg. 2 Electrlc

f -L
ax ------1

' SoRoad' Westor-supr-Mare ftom UK3B ScientificLtd ' 8 Beaconsfield Product - TELTRoN --- 'A e-marl (0)19i4 425334' 0044 425333'Fax (0)1934 "r."t SSz: 1lE Tel 0044 com uk3bsA3bscientific vorbehalten ?inderungen Technische