LIMITS COMMAND

The limits command allows to change the upper and lower limits of the drawing area. The lower limit is normally kept at 0, 0 and the value of the upper right corner depends upon the size of the figure to be drawn. The default size is 12x9 units. The size of the upper right corner should be slightly more than the size of the figure to be drawn. Command: LIMITS Reset Model space limits: Specify lower left corner or [ON/OFF] <0.000; 0.000>: 0, 0 (Enter) Specify upper right corner <12.000, 9.000>: 297, 210 (Enter)

LINE COMMAND
The line command allows to draw a straight line. The starting and end points can be specified using 2D or 3D coordinates. Command: LINE Specify first point: 0, 0 (Enter) Specify next point or [Undo]: Specify next point or [Close/Undo: (Enter)

PLINE COMMAND
The PLINE command is used to draw polyline segments and is similar to LINE command except some additional features to change the line width, etc. Command: PLINE Specify the start point: Select the starting point using mouse. Current line width is 0.000 Specify the next point or [Arc/Close/Half width/Length/Undo/Width] Select the second point using mouse. Specify the <next point or [Arc/Close/Half width/Length/Undo/Width] Select the third point using mouse. Specify the next point or [Arc/Close/Half width/Length/Undo/Width] (Enter)

MOVE COMMAND
The MOVE command is used to move the object from the present position to a new location. Command: MOVE Select objects: Select the objects to move individually or in a window using mouse. Select objects: (Enter) Select base point or displacement: Select any point as a base point to move the object. Specify second point of displacement: (pick a point which represents the new location of the object).

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COPY COMMAND
The COPY command is used to copy the existing objects, to a new location. Multiple copies can also be made by selecting multiple option M in this command. Command: COPY Select objects: Select the objects to copy individually or in a window using mouse. Select objects: Enter Base point or displacement: (pick a point on the object to be used as a reference point) Second point or displacement: (pick a point which represents the new location of the copied object)

POLYGON COMMAND
The POLYGON command is used to draw a regular polygon for a given length of the edge or side. It can also be drawn inscribing or circumscribing a circle of given radius. Command: POLYGON Enter number of sides <4>: 8 Specify centre of polygon or [Edge]: E Specify first endpoint of edge: Select the first point using mouse. Specify second endpoint of edge: @d<a

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HATCH COMMAND
The HATCH command is used to draw hatching lines in a closed boundary region. The hatch pattern is identified by a pattern name. Command: HATCH Enter a pattern name or [?/ Solid! User defined] <ANS13I>: Enter the pattern name or the default pattern will be selected. Specify a scale for the pattern <1.000>: Enter Specify an angle for the pattern <0>: Enter Select objects to define hatch boundary or <direct hatch> : Enter Select objects: Select the boundary for hatching using mouse Select objects: Enter

BHATCH COMMAND
The BHATCH (boundary hatch) command is used to draw hatching lines in a closed region enclosed within a boundary by selecting a point inside the region. Command: BHATCH Enter a pattern name or [?/Solid/User defined] <ANSI31> : Enter the pattern name or the default pattern will be selected. Specify a scale for the pattern <1000>: Enter Specify an angle for the pattern <0>: Enter Select objects to define hatch boundary or <direct hatch>: Enter Select [OK]: Select the boundary for hatching using mouse Select boundary: Enter

OFFSET COMMAND
The Offset command creates new object parallel to the original object at specified distance and direction. Command: OFFSET Specify offset distance or [Through] <Through>: Enter the distance using keyboard. Select object to offset or [Exit]: Select object to offset using mouse. Specify point on side to offset: (Click on the side of the object you wish to offset) Select object to offset or <Exit>: Press ENTER

FILLET COMMAND
The FILLET command is used to draw chamfering arcs connecting two lines of specified radius. Command: FILLET Select first object or [Polyline/Radius/Trim]: R Radius of fillet: Enter Select first object: Specify first object using mouse. Select second object: Specify second object using mouse.

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CHAMFER COMMAND
The CHAMFER command is used to draw beveled lines connecting two lines at specified distance from the corner of two lines. Command: CHAMFER Select first line or [Polyline/ Distance/ Angle/Trim/Method]: Angle Specify chamfer length on the first line: Enter length Specify chamfer angle from the first line: Enter angle Select first line: Pick the first line Select second line: Pick the second line.

TRIM COMMAND
The TRIM command is used to trim or cut the lines projecting beyond the specified boundary or cuffing lines. Command: TRIM Select objects: Pick the line which represents the cutting edge of line. Select objects: Press ENTER Select objects to trim or [Project/Edge/ Undo]: Select edges to be trimmed. Select objects to trim or [Project/Edge/Undo]: Press ENTER.

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EXTEND COMMAND
The EXTEND command is used to extend or lengthen a line to meet other object which is selected as the boundary edge. Command: EXTEND Select objects: Select the boundary edge up to which line is to be extended. Select objects: Press ENTER Select objects to extend or (Project/Edge/Undo]: Select the lines to be extended using mouse. Select object to extend or [Project/Edge/Undo]: Press ENTER.

BREAK COMMAND
The BREAK command is used to remove a part of the selected objects like line, arc, circle etc. Command: BREAK Select object: Select the object using mouse. Enter second break point or [First point]: Specify the second point using mouse.

SCALE
The size of existing objects can be changed using the Scale command. When using the Scale command, most CAD programs require you to specify a base point for the operation. This point is generally on the object, often the center of the object or a reference corner. Command: SCALE Select objects: (pick the objects to scale) Select objects: Enter Specify base point: (enter coordinates or select a point about which the objects will be scaled) Specify scale factor or [Copy/Reference] <1.0000>:1.5

ROTATE COMMAND
The ROTATE command is used to rotate an object to a specified angle. Command: ROTATE Select objects: Select the objects for rotation using mouse Select objects: Press ENTER Specify base point: Select a base point on or nearer to the object using mouse. Specify rotation angle or [Reference]: Enter the angle of rotation using keyboard.
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MIRROR COMMAND
The MIRROR command is used to get a mirror copy of a symmetrical object. You draw half of the object and you mirror the other half. Command: MIRROR Select objects: Select the objects to be mirrored using mouse Select objects: Press ENTER Specify first point of mirror line: Specify first end point P1 Specify second point of mirror line: Specify second end point P2 Delete source objects? (Yes/No) <N>: Press ENTER

ARRAY COMMAND
The Array command is used to make multiple copies of an object in a rectangular or polar fashion. Command: ARRAY Select objects: pick the entity Select objects: enter Enter the type of array [Rectangular/Polar] <R>: enter Enter the number of rows (---) <1>: 2 Enter the number of columns (|||) <1>: 3 Specify the distance between rows (---): 4 Specify the distance between columns (|||): 4

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The polar array arranges the objects around a point in a circular pattern. Consider the following example: Command: ARRAY Select objects: pick entity Select objects: enter Enter the type of array [Rectangular/Polar] <R>: p Specify center point of array: select center point Enter the number of items in the array: 12 Specify the angle to fill (+=ccw, -=cw) <360>: enter Rotate arrayed objects? [Yes/No] <Y>: enter

Drawing Leader line

The Leader line is used to add annotations/information related to an object. Command: DIM DIM: LEA Leader start: Select the start point. To point: Select end point of leader. Dimension text<current value>: 4 Holes %% C20 Enter

TEXT
The TEXT command is used to write text on an engineering drawing for any marking purposes. Command: TEXT Specify the start point of text: Specify the start point of text using mouse in the required location Specify height<2.5>: Enter Specify rotation angle of text<0>: Enter Enter text: Type the text message to be printed Enter text: Enter

PEDIT
The PEDIT Command is used to edit a polyline. It is used to modify a polyline like relocate, remove, move or insert vertices in a polyline. Command: PEDIT Select a polyline: Select a polyline using mouse Enter an option (Close/Joint/Width/Edit vertex/Fit/Spline/ Decurve/Ltype gen/Undo): Select F to fit a curve

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EXTRUDE COMMAND
The EXTRUDE Command is used to create a solid object by extruding a 2D object along a specified path. Command EXTRUDE Select objects: Specify the objects using mouse & ENTER Path <Height of extrusion>: Enter the height Note that only objects with polyline can be extruded and other lines are edited using PEDIT command with Join option to extrude it.

SECTION COMMAND
The SECTION Command is used to create a cross section of solid object through a specify cutting plane. Command: SECTION Select objects: Select the solid object using mouse. Select objects: Enter Specify first point on section plane by (Object/Zaxis/View/XY/YZ/ZX)<3 points>:XY Specify a point on XY plane <0,0,0> : Enter

3D Polyline
Command: 3DPOLY Specify start point of polyline: 1,1,0 Specify endpoint of line or [Undo]: 1,2,1 Specify endpoint of line or [Undo]: 2,2,1 Specify endpoint of line or [Close/Undo]: 2,1,0 Specify endpoint of line or [Close/Undo]: 1,1,0

Command: MOVE
Select objects: (pick object) 1 found
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Select objects: hit enter Specify base point or displacement: 0,0,0 Specify second point of displacement or <use first point as displacement>: 0,0,1

UCS
1) 3 point Command: UCS Current ucs name: *NO NAME* Enter an option [New/Move/orthoGraphic/Prev/Restore/Save/Del/Apply/?/World] <World>: 3 Specify new origin point <0,0,0>: <P1> Specify point on positive portion of X-axis <1.0000,7.0000,0.0000>: <P2> Specify point on positive-Y portion of the UCS XY plane <1.0000,7.0000,0.0000>: <P3>

ORIGIN:
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Command: UCS Origin/ZAxis/3point/OBject/View/X/Y/Z/Prev/Restore/Save/Del/?/<World>: O Origin point <0,0,0>: <PICK A POINT> This option moves the UCS based on a newly picked origin point. It does not shift the drawing plane at all as you only pick one point. Z-AXIS: Command: UCS Origin/ZAxis/3point/OBject/View/X/Y/Z/Prev/Restore/Save/Del/?/<World>: ZA Origin point <0,0,0>: <PICK A POINT> Point on positive portion of Z-axis <-8.0000,0.0000,1.0000>: <PICK A POINT> This choice allows you to pick two points. First you pick the new origin, then you pick a point for the positive Z-Axis. Make sure you type ZA to choose this option. OBJECT: Command: UCS Origin/ZAxis/3point/OBject/View/X/Y/Z/Prev/Restore/Save/Del/?/<World>: OB Select object to align UCS: <SELECT AN OBJECT> Using this method, you have to pick on a 2D object that is lying on a particular drawing plane. This gets tricky, as you have to be aware how your positive X and Y axes end up. VIEW: Command: UCS Origin/ZAxis/3point/OBject/View/X/Y/Z/Prev/Restore/Save/Del/?/<World>: V By choosing the view option, AutoCAD will automatically reset the UCS to be aligned with your current view, keeping the origin where it was previously located. X / Y / Z: Command: UCS Origin/ZAxis/3point/OBject/View/X/Y/Z/Prev/Restore/Save/Del/?/<World>: X Rotation angle about X axis <0>: -90 By selecting either the X, Y or Z options, you need to first pick a point along the axis you have chosen, then provide a rotation angle based on the right hand rule mentioned earlier. This example shows how you would rotate the UCS -90 around the positive X axis. PREVIOUS:

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Command: UCS Origin/ZAxis/3point/OBject/View/X/Y/Z/Prev/Restore/Save/Del/?/<World>: P This option returns you to the last setting you had for the UCS. You'll use this one a lot in 3D. You might need to change your UCS to draw one object, then go back to what you had it set at before. Restore/Save/Del/?/ The next options are used in conjunction with each other. You have the option of saving a particular UCS with a name. You can then restore that named UCS or delete if you no longer will be using it. Here are examples of these options: Command:UCS Origin/ZAxis/3point/OBject/View/X/Y/Z/Prev/Restore/Save/Del/?/<World>: S ?/Desired UCS name: VIEW1 Command:UCS Origin/ZAxis/3point/OBject/View/X/Y/Z/Prev/Restore/Save/Del/?/<World>: R ?/Name of UCS to restore: VIEW1 Command: UCS Origin/ZAxis/3point/OBject/View/X/Y/Z/Prev/Restore/Save/Del/?/<World>: ? UCS name(s) to list <*>: Current UCS: VIEW1 Saved coordinate systems: VIEW1 Origin = <0.0000,0.0000,0.0000>, X Axis = <1.0000,0.0000,0.0000> Y Axis = <0.0000,1.0000,0.0000>, Z Axis = <0.0000,0.0000,1.0000> Origin/ZAxis/3point/OBject/View/X/Y/Z/Prev/Restore/Save/Del/?/<World>: D UCS name(s) to delete <none>: VIEW1 Deleted 1 UCS name. This was a series where a view named VIEW1 was saved, restored, listed, and then deleted.

3D Surfaces
Revolved Surface The revsurf command takes an object that defines an outline or profile called as path curve and revolves it around an axis creating a 3D polygon mesh. Command: REVSURF Select object to revolve: Select object that defines the axis of revolution:

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Specify start angle <0>: Enter a value Specify included angle (+=ccw,-=cw) <360>: Enter a value

Tabulated Surface The tabsurf command takes an outline or profile which AutoCAD calls a path curve and extrudes it along a vector that defines the direction and distance of extrusion, the type of surface is called tabulated surface. Command: TABSURF Select object for path curve: Select object for direction vector:

Ruled Surfaces The rulesurf command creates surface between two geometric entities like point, line, arc, etc. Command: RULESURF Select the first defining curve (Chooses the first object) Select the second defining curve (Chooses the second object)

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Edge Surfaces Command edgesurf is used to create unusual surfaces bound by four touching objects. The objects can be lines, arcs, and polylines. Command: EDGESURF Select object 1 for surface edge: P1 Select object 2 for surface edge: P2 Select object 3 for surface edge: P3 Select object 4 for surface edge: P4

3D solid
REVOLVE Revolve command creates solids from closed profiles
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Command: REVOLVE Select objects: Select one closed object Specify start point for axis of revolution or define axis by [Object/ X (axis)/ Y (axis)/ Z (axis)] Specify end point for axis: Specify angle of revolution<360>

SECTION Section is used to create cross-section views of 3D models. The section command creates a 2D region from a cross section of a 3D model along the specified plane. The original object is left untouched. Command: SECTION Specify first point on section plane by [Object /Z-axis/ View / XY / YZ / ZX/ 3Points]<3points>: Specify second point on plane: Specify third point on plane:

MIRROR 3D Mirror3d command creates a mirror image of objects about a plane Command: MIRROR3D Select objects: pick the circle Select objects: enter Specify first point of mirror plane (3 points) or [Object/Last/Zaxis/View/XY/YZ/ZX/3points] <3points>:P1 Specify second point on mirror plane: P2 Specify third point on mirror plane: P3 Delete source objects? [Yes/No] <N>: enter

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3DARRAY 3darray enables to create rectangular array with normal rows and columns but adding levels in Z direction. Command: 3DARRAY Select objects: pick the cube Select objects: enter Enter the type of array [Rectangular/Polar] <R>: enter Enter the number of rows (---) <1>: 5 Enter the number of columns (|||) <1>: 5 Enter the number of levels (...) <1>: 2 Specify the distance between rows (---): 4 Specify the distance between columns (|||): 4 Specify the distance between levels (...): 8

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Command: 3DARRAY Select objects: pick cube Select objects: enter Enter the type of array [Rectangular/Polar] <R>: p Enter the number of items in the array: 5 Specify the angle to fill (+=ccw, -=cw) <360>: enter Rotate arrayed objects? [Yes/No] <Y>: enter Specify center point of array: mid of axis line Specify second point on axis of rotation: pick

ROTATE3D Command: ROTATE3D Select objects: <Select the object> Select objects: Enter Specify first point on axis or define axis by [Object/Last/View/Xaxis/Yaxis/Zaxis/2points]: Specify second point on axis: Specify rotation angle or [Reference]:

LOFT Command: LOFT Select cross-sections in lofting order: 1 found Select cross-sections in lofting order: 1 found, 2 total Select cross-sections in lofting order: Enter an option [Guides/Path/Cross-sections only] <Cross-sections only>: G Select guide curves:1 found Select guide curves:1 found, 2 total Select guide curves:1 found, 3 total Select guide curves:1 found, 4 total Select guide curves: <ENTER>

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BOX Command: BOX Center/<Corner of box> <0,0,0>: Cube/Length/<other corner>: L Specify length: 5 Specify width: 4 Specify height: 6

SPHERE Command: SPHERE Specify center point or [3P/2P/Ttr]: <PICK POINT> Specify radius or [Diameter] <2.3756>: 6 <ENTER>

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Command: CYLINDER Specify center point for base of cylinder or [Elliptical] <0,0,0>: Specify radius for base of cylinder or [Diameter]: D Diameter: 12 Specify height of cylinder or [Center of other end]: 4

Command: CONE Specify center point for base of cone or [Elliptical] <0,0,0>: Specify radius for base of cone or [Diameter]: 4 Specify height of cone or [Apex]: 8

Command: WEDGE Specify first corner of wedge or [Center]<0,0,0>: <PICK> Specify corner or [Cube/Length]: l Specify length: 5 Specify width: 2 Specify height: 4

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Command: TORUS Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4 Specify center of torus <0,0,0>: Specify radius of torus or [Diameter]: 3 Specify radius of tube or [Diameter]:.25

UNION The UNION command combines one or more solid objects into one object. Command: UNION Select objects: <SELECT THE BLOCK> 1 found Select objects: <SELECT THE CYLINDER> 1 found Select objects: <ENTER>

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SUBTRACT The SUBTRACT command removes the volume of one or more solid objects from an object. Command: SUBTRACT Select solids and regions to subtract from... Select objects: <SELECT THE BLOCK> 1 found <ENTER> Select objects: Select solids and regions to subtract... Select objects: <SELECT THE CYLINDER> 1 found <ENTER> Select objects: <ENTER>

INTERSECT The INTERSECT command combines the volume of one or more solid objects at the areas of interference to create one solid object. Command: INTERSECT Select objects: <SELECT THE BLOCK> 1 found Select objects: <SELECT THE CYLINDER> 1 found Select objects: <ENTER>
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SLICE Command: SLICE Select objects: 1 found Select objects: Specify first point on slicing plane by [Object/Zaxis/View/XY/YZ/ZX/3points] <3points>: PICK POINT 1 Specify second point on plane: PICK POINT 2 Specify third point on plane: PICK POINT 3 Specify a point on desired side of the plane or [keep Both sides]: <Pick on the side towards the cylinder>

SOLIDEDIT Command: SOLIDEDIT Enter a solids editing option [Face/Edge/Body/Undo/Exit] <Exit>: _face Enter a face editing option [Extrude/Move/Rotate/Offset/Taper/Delete/Copy/Color/Undo/Exit] <Exit>: _extrude Select faces or [Undo/Remove]: 1 faces found. Specify height of extrusion or [Path]: 1 (ENTER) Specify angle of taper for extrusion <0>: (ENTER) Solid validation started.
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Solid validation completed. Enter a face editing option [Extrude/Move/Rotate/Offset/Taper/Delete/Copy/ Color/Undo/Exit] <Exit >: (ENTER) 3D ALIGN Command: 3DALIGN Select the objects: Select the cylinder <enter> Specify source plane and orientation ... Specify base point or [Copy]: select point 1(centre of circle) Specify second point or [Continue] <C>: Specify third point or [Continue] <C>: Specify destination plane and orientation ... Specify first destination point: Specify second destination point or [Exit] <X>: Specify third destination point or [Exit] <X>:

3D ORBIT

REVOLVE Command: REVOLVE Select objects to revolve or [Mode]: Select closed curve Select objects to revolve or [Mode]: enter Specify axis start point or define axis by [Object/X/Y/Z] <Object>: Specify axis endpoint: Specify angle of revolution or [Start angle/Reverse/Expression] <360>:
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HIDE Regenerates a three-dimensional model with hidden lines suppressed.

DVIEW DVIEW at the command prompt. Command: DVIEW Select objects or <use DVIEWBLOCK>:pick objects Enter option [CAmera/TArget/Distance/POints/PAn/Zoom/TWist/CLip/Hide/Off/Undo]: ca Specify camera location, or enter angle from XY plane, or [Toggle (angle in)] <90.0000>: 30 Specify camera location, or enter angle in XY plane from X axis, or [Toggle (angle from)] <90.00000>: 45 Enter option [CAmera/TArget/Distance/POints/PAn/Zoom/TWist/ CLip/Hide/Off/Undo]:

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3D FACE 3DFACE creates a three- or four-sided surface anywhere in 3D space. You can specify different Z coordinates for each corner point of a 3D face. Command: 3DFACE First point: pick Second point: pick Third point: pick Fourth point: pick Third point: enter EXTRUDE FACES Select faces or [Undo/Remove]: Select face to be extruded Select faces or [Undo/Remove/ALL]: Enter Specify height of extrusion or [Path]: Specify angle of taper for extrusion <0>:

SHELL Command: SHELL Select a 3D solid: pick Remove faces or [Undo/Add/ALL]: Select faces to be removed Remove faces or [Undo/Add/ALL]: Enter Enter the shell offset distance: 0.5

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VPOINT It is used to see 3D object from different directions. Command: VPOINT Rotate/<View point> <-0.614,-0.614,0.500>: (enter) UCSICON Command: UCSICON Enter an option [ON/OFF/All/Noorigin/ORigin] <ON>: ON Displays the UCS icon. OFF Turns off the display of the UCSICON. All Affects the display of the UCSICON in all viewports. Noorigin Always displays the UCS at the lower left corner. ORigin Shows the UCS at the 0,0,0 origin of the current UCS.

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