1

a b(i) (ii)

Micrometer screw gauge Reading = 1.5 mm + 0.18 mm = 1.68 mm Thickness of a piece of cardboard = = 0.336 mm
1.68 5

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c 2 a b c d 3 a b c

The reading using micrometer screw gauge is more accurate Vernier calipers Zero error +0.02 5.64 (+0.02) = 5.62 Diagram 3(a) The impulsive force in diagram 3(a) is much bigger that diagram 3(b)
v 2 = u 2 + 2as
2

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v = 0 + 2(10 )5 v = 10ms 1

d(i)

F=

50( 0 10 ) 0.5 50( 0 10 ) 1.5

1 mark

= 1000 N

(ii)

F=

1 mark

= - 333.3 N 4 a b Pascals principle

P= F 200 = A ( 0.6 ) 2 F ma = A A PA 176.9 ( 3) = a 10
2

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= 176.9 Pa c
P= m=

2 marks

= 499.9 kg d i upward force ii forward thrust iii drag iv weight 4 marks

(a)(i)

Magnitudes: F1 = F2 & F3 = F4

2 marks

Directions: F1 = F4 & F2 = F3 (ii) (iii) (b)(i) (ii) 6 (a) (i) (ii) (iii) Net Force is zero ( F= 0 ) Balanced force / NewtonThird Law of Motion / Force in equilibrium The air craft will experience acceleration or increase in vevlocity. A net Force exists ( F 0 ) The distance moved by the students hand in Diagram 6.2 is more then the distance moved by the students hand in Diagram 6.1 The work done in Diagram 6.2 is more as compared to the work done in Diagram 6.1 Work Done = Force x distance = 20 x 0.5 = 10 J The distance of projection increases as the energy gained increases. The principle of conservation of energy Same Iron ball is thrown from the same height.. Time taken is independent of the mass. s = ut + gt or t = v-u/g 7 (a) (i) (ii) (b) (i) Pascals principle Pressure at P is same as the pressure at Q. P= F /A = 50 N / 0.04 m = 1250 Pa P = F /A 1250 = F / 0.8 F = 1250 / 0.8 F = 1000 N When the handle is pressed down several times, a force is apllied to the small piston. The resultant pressure is transmitted uniformly to the larger piston. The force is greater due the large surface area and able to lift the load. Increase the cross-setional area of the large piston. Open the release valve. 1 mark 1 mark 2 marks 1 mark 1 mark 1 mark 2 marks 1 mark 1 mark 2 marks

(b) (i) (ii) (c) (i) (ii)

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(ii)

1 mark

(c) (i)

2 marks

(ii) (iii)

2 marks 1 mark

(a)

Electric energy

Heat energy

1 mark

(b)

E = mc = (0.5)(4200)(100C - 30C = 147000 J = 147 kJ l = Pt / m = (500) (60) / 0.0125 = 2400000 JKg- = 2.4 x 10-6 JKg-

2 marks

(c)

2 marks

(d) (i)

Pt = mc 600 t = (3.0) (390) (170) = 198 900 t = 331.5 s

(ii)

l = Pt / m 600 t = (2.5)(900)(170) = 382500 t = 318.75 s 5 marks

(iii)

Pt = mc (900) t = (4.0) (400) (170) = 272 000 t = 302.22 s

(e) (i) (ii)

Plat S. H heats up faster.

1 mark 1 mark

Answer

Mark

9a(i) (ii)

Ability to return to original shape & size when applied force is removed Elastic cord M is thicker than elastic cord N. Maximum height reached by arrow in Diagram 9.2(b) is higher than in Diagram 9.2(a). The thicker the elastic cord, the higher the maximum height reached. Thicker elastic cord has bigger force constant. Thicker elastic cord has bigger elastic potential energy. F2 F1 Thicker elastic cord has bigger force constant, so need bigger force to stretch. Elastic potential energy to kinetic energy to gravitational potential energy Aspect Tight attire or light attire Sprint or acceleration Hard stepping plank Thicker mattress Landing with the body flat Mark Explanation 1 1 1 1 1 To reduce air resistance or to reduce weight Increase momentum or force To reduce time of impact, so impulsive force increases To lengthen time of impact, so impulsive force is reduced To lengthen time of impact, so impulsive force is reduced Mark 1 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2

b(i) (ii) c(i)

10a b(i) (ii) c(i) (ii) d(i) (ii) (iii) e

Ratio of 24.4o

sin i sin r

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Mark 1

Refractive index of diamond refractive index of glass Higher refractive index produces bigger angle of refraction Refractive index increases, density increases Density increases, angle of refraction increases Change in velocity Total internal reflection Light travels from denser medium to less dense medium. Incident angle critical angle Aspect Bundle of fine parallel optical fibres ni no Mark Explanation 1 Can carry thousands of phone calls simultaneously Produces total internal reflection when light travels from inner core to outer

cladding High flexibility High purity Small size of critical angle 1 1 1 Can be bend according to curved path Signal can travel over a long distance without losing information Total internal reflection can occur at relatively small incident angle 1 1 1

11a b

Rate of change of distance Speed limit : high speed produces big momentum . Big momentum is difficult to stop immediatly Passenger limit : big mass produces big inertia. Big inertia is difficult to stop immediatly Specification Type of brake : ABS Size of safety belt : Broad Type of windscreen : Safety glass Hardness of front portion : Moderately hard Mark Explanation 1 1 1 Provide stronger & smoother grip Larger area produces smaller pressure on the driver Upon collision, it breaks into rounded pieces that doesnt cut the driver Moderately hard front portion will crumple upon collision. Impact time increases, so impulsive force decreases Mark 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1

The safest car is S, because it has ABS brake, broad safety belt, safety glass & moderately hard front portion d(i) PE=mgh =(60)(10)(0.8) = 480 J F=ma 50-40=(0.1)a a=100 m s-2 Thermal equilibrium For 2 objects in thermal contact : Net flow of heat is zero Both objects have same temperature The heat supply is used to overcome the forces of attraction between water molecules, so that it can change from liquid to gas

1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1

(ii)

12a b(i) (ii)

c Specification Rate of expansion of liquid : Uniform Thickness of glass bob : Thin Size of capillary tube : Thin Shape of capillary tube: Capillary tube with a bend portion Mark Explanation 1 1 1 Calibration of the thermometer scale is more accurate Heat can be transferred to the liquid quickly Mark 1 1

The scale of the thermometer can be 1 calibrated in smaller division, so it is more sensitive The liquid column doesnt drop too quickly after being removed from the patient so that its reading can be read accurately 1

The most suitable thermometer is Q, because the expansion rate of the liquid is uniform, thin glass at the bob, thin d(i) capillary tube with a bend portion. m= V =(13600)(1.2x10-6) = 1.632 x 10-2 kg (ii) Q=mc = (1.632x10-2)(139)(42-37) = 11.34 J

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