HEAVY AIRCRAFT

1. If excessive fogging is found in a/c cabin, what are its probable cause
& remedial action to be taken?
2. Draw the schematic diagram of emergency L/G retraction system by
using standby hydraulic power?
3. Draw the schematic diagram of nitrogen charging trolley & name the
parts. What is the purpose of pressure reducing valve of regulator
valve?
4. Write a note on cutting & drilling plastic material?
5. What type of a/c is low thickness aerofoil? Explain with reasons?
6. What are the special precautions on AME should take before releasing
the a/c in rainy season?
7. How is the L/G warning system tested on ground?
8. What is the inspection to be carried out on hose assemblies? What are
the precautions to be taken during installation?
9. What are the different materials used one core materials in
composites? Write a few defects in composites which can be classified
as minor & a/c released for flight with special precautions?
10.How is the level of fluid in a sock stout checked?
11.What is wing body heating system? Explain its operation?
12.Write the procedure of fuel transfer from LH wing tank to RH wing
tank?
13.Write the construction of wind screen. What is the purpose of heating
it?
14.Write a note on Mach trim & speed trim?
15.Draw the diagram of shinning damper & explain its working?
16.What is the purpose of negative pressure relief valve & safety
pressure valve?

OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS:

1. Static margin is the distance between

a) aerodynamic center & neutral point
b) aerodynamic center & center of gravity
c) center of pressure & center of gravity
d) neutral point and center of gravity

2. during nidder maintenance

a) chord line should be parallel to horizontal

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 b) hose over condition is called over balance
c) hose down condition is called over balance
d) as in a & c

3. Loft does not depend on

a) aerofoil design
b) amount of using dihedral
c) density of air & velocity
d) wing surface area

4. Which of the following should also be checked in addition to hard landing

inspection items, when the a/c makes hard landing?
a) wing center section
b) arcing of propeller
c) balancing of control surfaces
d) none

5. Artificial feel is used in

a) aileron control system
b) elevator control system
c) rudder system
d) all

6. Which of the following takes the structural loads in the wheel bay?
a) keel beam
b) transverse beam
c) box beam
d) all

7. Structural fuse
a) prevents primary structure damage
b) prevents shear loads
c) prevents overflow of current in the circuit
d) as in a & c

8. Color coding of ‘O’ rings indicates

a) age
b) temp
c) vapor compatibility
d) all

9. The angle of attack where lift/drag ratio is maximum, called

a) dihedral
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 b) anhedral
c) incidence
d) wash in

10. Mark the correct statement

a) stall speed ↑ with c.g forward movement
b) stall speed ↑ with backward movement
c) stall speed does not change with c.g movement

11.Station 185 indicates

a) 183 mm back of the nose or reference datum
b) 183 inch back of the reference datum
c) 183 cm back of the nose or reference datum
d) 18.30 inch back of the nose or reference datum

12. ‘Out of freezer’ life is associated with

a) epoxy resin
b) catalyst
c) prepeg
d) thermosetting

13. Amount of roll dies not depend on

a) Angle of pitch
b) Angle of bank
c) Angle of turn
d) As in a & c

14. Damage of rivets around the head is usually

a) grey
b) white
c) brown
d) as in a & c

15. The a/c is about to land, the fowler flap is extended, it will cause:
a) ↑ in lift
b) ↑ in drag
c) ↑ lift with nose drag movement
d) normal

16. When the temperature is more than standard value, the TAS will be
a) higher
b) lower
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 c) first ↑ & then remains with effected
d) remains unaffected

17. Strain is measured by

a) original length divided by change in length
b) force by area
c) pressure multiplied with change in length
d) unit distortion of body

18. How selection provides

a) 250v AC
b) 218 v AC & 121v respectively
c) 218v, 400 Hz AC
d) none

19. Adverse load distribution requires

a) gross weight inspection
b) aft adverse loading check
c) forward adverse loading check
d) all the above

20. Which pressurization system component prevents cabin altitude being

more than the a/c altitude?
a) safety relief valve
b) negative pressure relief valve
c) compressor inlet sentor

21. A solid metallic sound in coin tap test of honeycomb structure indicates:
a) core damage
b) facing damage
c) facing & core damage
d) separation of layers in honeycomb constructions

22. Smoke clearance system is used with

a) pneumatic systems
b) fire protection system
c) as in b and a pre-set temperature

23. Emergency exit devices located/associated with

a) cabin entry doors
b) passenger entry doors
c) cargo entrance

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24. To avoid tip stalling & making the aileron effective for complete flight,
wing is provided with was out, wash out means
a) incidence is angle is greater at wing tip than wing root
b) incidence angle is greater at wing root than wing tip
c) wing tip is a located ahead when componed to wing root

25. Under inflation is indicated by

a) shoulder wear out in the tyre
b) more tread wear
c) high brake heat

26. Tail skid prevents

a) tail section damage
b) rotation of a/c
c) as in a & c

27. Static discharge damage is identified by

a) pits on the surface
b) wing tips & trailing edges are damaged
c) round holes on the surface
d) usually found at wing tips, trailing edges & antennas

28. When proper jigs are not available, the smoothness of center of the a/c
wing is measured by
a) applying Vaseline & cellulose paper
b) using a thin cord along the leading edge to trailing edge parallel to the
line of flight
c) veins a thin cord long the lending edge to trailing edge parallel to the
lateral axis
d) both a & b

29. Boundary layer thickness is minimum where

a) airflow gets zero to max velocity change
b) airflow velocity is maximum

30. At high altitudes, presence of foam in hydraulic fluid is caused by

a) defective pressurization system
b) no hydraulic fluid in the system
c) low pr in the system

31. Purpose of surge tank is

a) it protects tank structure damage
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 b) it allows fuel to flow into the tank which is at a laterally lower level
c) it collects over flowing fuel
d) as in b & c

32. With ↑ in airspeed

a) induced drag ↑ more than parasite drag
b) parasite drag ↑ more than induced drag
c) induced & parasite drag will be same
d) induced & parasite drag will not be affected

33. Surface hardness of steel

a) with ↑ of carbon content
b) only upto a certain point with ↑ of carbon content
c) max for wrought iron
d) depends on the process involved

34. Parts which are cold worked should not be

a) welded
b) kept in room with high our temp
c) kept in air conditioned room

35. Corrosion on spot welding seam is detected by

a) X-ray
b) Ultrasonic
c) Straight edge
d) Point peeling off

36. Mark the correct statement

a) spoilers are used with ailerons for lateral stability about longitudinal
axis
b) flaps & spoilers are auxiliary control surfaces used for lateral stability
c) all the above

37. Contamination of hydraulic fluid is found by

a) viscosity
b) flash point
c) moisture content
d) all the above

38. Mark the correct statement

a) damage of nose cone does not affect flt of an a/c

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 b) damage to secondary structure like wing tip & nose cone does not
affect the flt of a/c
c) damage to seat & seat supporting structure affect flight
d) none of the above

39. Mark the correct statement regarding reynold’s number

a) if the Rey’s no is high then kinematic velocity is high
b) higher the Rey’s No., higher the kinematic viscosity
c) higher the Rey’s No, smaller the kinematic viscosity
d) higher the Rey’s No. smaller the kinematic viscosity & velocity

40. Vortex generators are aerofoils installed on wing upper surface because
a) laminar flow is more difficult to separate than turbulent flow
b) turbulent flow is more difficult to separate than laminar flow

41. Balance panels are operated

a) hydraulically
b) manually
c) only in turbulent weather
d) to balance the ailesins

42. Mark the correct statement

a) steel & magnesium is used for secondary structural members
b) fiberglass & magnesium is used for secondary structural members
c) Al honey comb & fiberglass honey comb structure is used for
secondary structural member
d) Al is used for a particular type of lead only

43. Mark the correct statement

a) if one rivet is tripped, then the adjacent rivets are also tripped in the
same direction
b) bearing failure occurs at rivet shank
c) shearing failure occurs at rivet hole

44. Turn & slip indicator measure

a) the amount of tum
b) the rate of tum
c) in slip the amount of tum is too low
d) in skid the amount of tum is too high

45. The acceptable deviation in magnetic compass due to local effects the
aircraft is

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 a) 1°
b) 2°
c) 3°
d) 5°

46. Mark the correct statement

a) phosphating on steels prevents corrosion
b) chromatizing is done on aluminium as a protective treatment against
corrosion
c) cadmium plating on aluminium penetrates into the base metal there by
giving corrosion resistance
d) all the above

47. In the operation of VSI

a) diaphragm expands in climbing
b) diaphragm shrinks in climbing
c) diaphragm expands & shrinks in level flt
d) both b & c

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 IMPORTANT POINTS

1. Fail safe concept – if one members fails other takes the concept

2. Flexible hose installation is secured in 12” inches

3. Permissible elongation to chains in% - 2%

4. Spongy operation of the brakes may be caused by air in the system

5. Grabing of brakes
a) wearing the brake liners
b) mster cylinder return sprege
c) brake rod return mechanism may be week

6. Changing direction of control

a) pulleys
b) fail lead

7. MIL-D-7850 fungeside for cellulose accratic hydraulic the fungiside

designated in this specification is
a) copper sulphate
b) zinc dimethyl dith carbonate

8. FLT is placed in
a) as far as aft
b) front
c) as per manufacturers

9. Flap co-efficient of lift 1234

a) slotted, fowler, plates, splet
b) fowler, slotted, splet, plates

10. Rudder horn material

a) magnesium
b) Al alloy cart
c) Al alloy

11. Trikloven cleaning is used on

a) titanium
b) titanium alloy
c) Al
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 d) Al alloy

12. OR compass returns to normal position

a) dead beat
b) liquid swinelling

13. Nicad battery spillage is cleaned by

a) dilute acetic acid

14. Which marker is used on exhaust drills

a) lead pencil (uncarbondied pencil)
b) blue

15. A/c oxygen system should not be service when

a) leakage
b) contaminated fitting

16. Squeezing brakes – because of brake pads worn out & rivets touching
the metal

17. Draging of brakes

a) wearing of brake linings
b) master cylinder returns spring weak
c) brake return spring is weak
d) bubble in the flux

18. Material of 4350 -

19. Material used for the a/c skin

a) 2024
b) 6056
c) 9014
d) 5056

20. Densily & alectude

a) high altitude high density a/c moves fast
b) high altitude low density a/c moves fast

21. British manufactured a/c, when L/G retracted & locks what light comes
on
a) amber
b) no light
c) green
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 d) blue

22. In connect acrylic a/c wind shield. After tightening & the screw is
loosened by
a) one turn
b) half turn
c) one & half turn
d) two turn

23. After heavy landing, which of the following are motion

a) wrinkles on upper surface of the wing
b) bent L/G stint
24. A suction gage must be installed in cockpit if the a/c fitted with what
type of gage
a) manifold pressure gage
b) artificial horizon
c) altimeter
d) VSI

25. Which type of snow is mostly used

a) 2024
b) 2014
c) 2117

26. Turn & slip indicator works on which axis

a) Yaw axis
b) Lateral axis
c) Longitudinal axis

27. Tab on leading edge is to

a) to stall lines position first than outer portion
b) to reduce stalling speed
c) to reduce angle of lock

28. Rigging is done for the purpose of

a) to respond the control surface properly with lock pit controls

29. Quadrants are used to

a) change the direction

30. Load factor

a) ratio of the wing load to a/c operating weight
b) ratio of the wing load to a/c empty weight
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31. which is most easily & widely used
a) control cable
b) push pull rods
c) control rods

32. If cable is to deflect 3°

a) fan leads are used
b) pressure seals

33. What control system is used in the operation of pull

a) Drum

34. Direct conal stability

a) dorsal fin is used
b) wings
c) dihedral

35. In V.S.I
a) capsule has an accurately measured hole
b) capsule is encapsulated in or cause
c) pressure lags
d) b & c are correct

36. Drag created other than on lifting surfaces

a) induced drag
b) profile drag
c) parasite & induced

37. As the C.G moves forward

a) max load on nose landing gear

38. On wing skin is sinoted to

a) spars
b) -
c) ribs
d) all the above

39. Tapered wing

40. Fall safe

a) complex structure one member falls other member takes the load

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41. Welding neutral flame is used on
a) steel
b) Al
c) Magnesium

42. Para static tube installation

a) where turbulent air less
b) wing edges
c) front of the a/c
d) a & c are correct

43. Acrylic wind shield crack

a) radial crack

44. In which actuator spring chamber is used

a) single acting
b) double acting
c) 3 way actuate
d) b & c are correct
45. Paint on a swaged joint is to disclose
a) loosening of cable

46. – failure of wooden structure

47. The members used across longerons

a) stringers
b) bulk heads

48. Fretting corrosion on bolted joints on Al

a) black
b) white
c) brown
d) green

49. Galvanic corrosion on

a) piano hinges

50. Dope thickness

a) thickness of the lope
b) No of coats of lope

51. Pitot testing the pressure is applied and leak should not be more than
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52. What is the free air temp in respect to a/c instrument
a) air temp over the wing
b) air flowing around the fluid
c) air which is compressed just before the a/c
d) air just before reaches the a/c

HEAVY AIRCRAFT( FEB-2002)

1. a) What are the emergency/alternative L/G lowering systems? Explain the

agency hydraulic system with diagram.
b) What are the gauges & indication used for proper operation of a/c fuel
system?
c) What are the advantages & disadvantages of liquid O2 system in a/c? how
is O2 bottle identified in a/c?

2. a) What are the inspections to be carried out on a/c pulley?

b) Explain the performance of out servo airfoil with the neat diagram of its
characteristic curve.
c) What are the advantages of auto brake system? What are the components
of the system? Draw its diagram.

3. a) What are the inspection carried out on control cables?

b) What are the advantages of swept back wings?
c) What is the purpose of safety relief valve in a/c pressurization system?
d) Which are the types of recovers used in a/c hydraulic system?

4. a) Write stepwise repair of the damaged skin where the core of the honey
comb material has also been damaged?
b) What is the safety features incorporated in air conditioning system of the
a/c?
c) Explain the smoke detection system used in cargo compartment. Describe
with a neat diagram?

5. a) How will you detect leak in internal fuel system?

b) What is mach trim system & how it functions?
c) What are the precautions taken before operating flap system?
d) What safety features are incorporated in a/c flap system?

6. a) Where external leaks are found in hydraulic system & here they are
rectified?
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b) How stall warning is fold in the cockpit?
c) What is ‘Q’ feed in a/c control system? How is it sensed? What are the
used of ‘Q’ feel in a/c?

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MCQ

1. Composite with high compressive strength - boron

2. L/G lateral load taken by – Side strut
3. Before fuel tank welding – purge with steam
4. Composite for core – PVC & urathene
5. ‘Flag Out’ goes out of view – when PWR is out
6. Primary structures – Frame & longeron
7. Wing heating due to engine location – will accelerate transition
8. Flap over load valve – Retract flaps to prevent damage.
9. Velocity increases – induced drag decreases
10. L/G down causes – parasite drag
11. Principle of AOA indicting system – not parallel to the true AOA of a/c
12. Definition – wing bitt line
13. Roof skin thickness is – less
14. Stressed skin metal sing subjected to velocity – a group of rivet lead
dipping
15. Damage on wing tip & radame – will not affect a/c safety
16. Static pr line disconnected inside pressurized cabin – ASI & altimeter
read low
17. L/G down enabling by orifice check valve
18. Brake creeping – contamination of brake linings / glazing
19. To check shock strut fluid level – release air & remove valve
20. Cricket bull seam, rough surface – high Reynolds number, lift ↑
21. T/Reverser principle – Newton’s law
22. Fast erection of gyro hampered by –
23. At the time of installation accelerometer should read + 1G
24. Wind shield made of thermosetting plastic
25. L.E flap made of – Al casting
26. Intergranular corrosion – grain boundaries
27. Sherordizing process – Dipped in molten Zn
28. In a/c, air enter – reheater to turbine
29. Gyros – terrain clearance
30. Spoiler – Assist in roll control
31. Remissible deviation in magnetic compass
32. Compass caliberation, coefficient A is
33. Compass compensation – divide by 8
34. If O2 system pr kept law – moisture accumulating
35. Smoke clearance is part of – A/c system
36. If peak temp goes high – temp control valve modulate close
37. Purpose of fuel tank venting – to prevent damage, collapse suction
38. A stripe mark rim to side wall of tyre. Slippage (creep) identification

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39. Annealing makes st. steel – removal stresses, soft machinative
40. Gear type hyd pump is +ve displacement pump because – transfers
uniform rol of fluid in each turn
41. Resistance type temp indicator used – wheel stone bridge circuit
42. Shear between layer takes place – within boundary layer
43. A/C nose tip – stagnation pt, highest pr
44. Plain flap on deflection - ↑ effective AOA

1. What are the hydraulic rivets pressurized upward?

2. What are the GPWS operation modes?
3. What are some of the l/p & o/p of Air Data Computer (ADC)?
4. What will happen when a metal strip comes under L/G?
5. How does a flap asymmetry system work?
6. How is the L/G selected up & down?
7. Explain the purpose & principle of operation of a shimmy damper?
8. How the tyres will be removed if both the tyres of one side are worm out?
9. Explain the process of jacking are side main L/G?
10. How the shock strut lower pt is rigged?

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 HEAVY AIRCRAFT(OCT 2000)

1. Air conditioning distribution system for modem a/c?

2. a) Yaw damper b) Flap overload
3. a) Induced drag b) Dynamic stability
4. Hydraulic steering system with a neat sketch.
5. Types of fire & smoke detector & explain phart electric cells with a
sketch?
6. Explain the operating principles of dilutes demand regulator?
7. Tyre burst incident insp?
8. a) Fuel vent system b) Fuel leak classification
9. a) During normal operation what are the corrosion under which hydraulic
low quantity indication occur?
b) What is the purpose of L/G transit cylinder & when it comes to operation?
10. Name the instrument which works in gyro & explain any one of them
with principle & operation?

HEAVY AIRCRAFT(OCT 2001)

1. What is dihedral angle & how its affects the a/c stability?
2. How is operational check of L/G warning s/w carried out?
3. What are the pressurization modes in a modern a/c? How is manual
control carried out?
4. Write the names of the eqpa/system which receive Air baler computer
o/p?
5. When are operational checks of Antiskid system carried out?
6. What is the function of coalscent lag in air conditioning system?
7. What is the manual reversal of flt control? Explain with an example?
8. With a neat diagram explain the cabin temp regulation system?
9. With a figure write the purpose of an adjustable tab?
10. What is the purpose of a sequence valve in hydraulically operated L/G
system?
11. What is wing loading & how it diffects the landing speed of an a/c?
12. How is air vent provided to the fuel tank? Give a diagram of vent in
modem a/c fuel tanks?
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13. Why are hydraulic reservoirs pressurized & what are the sources for its
presurisation?
14. What are the precaution taken while working on oxygen system?
15. What are the anti icing processes applied on modem a/c?
16. What are the safely features involved in design of a horizontal stabilizer
of a modem a/c?
17. Why is surface coating applied on a re-in forced fabric component?
18. How is delamination check carried out on a honey comb material used in
a/c construction?

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