CVM 6100 Carnivore Anatomy Terms List

Note: humeral condyle

Items shown in small type are less likely trochlea
to appear on exams than are items in capitulum
regular type. Indentations are used to lateral & medial epicondyles
indicate subdivision relationships. olecranon fossa
supratrochlear foramen
LABORATORY 1 (pp. 18-26) Cat: supracondylar foramen
Superficial Structures
umbilicus Radius
thoracic mammae (cranial & caudal) head
abdominal mammae (cranial & caudal) radial tuberosity
inguinal mammae ulnar notch
costal arch styloid process
superficial fascia & deep fascia
cutaneous trunci m. Ulna
preputial muscle trochlear notch
Thoracic Limb Extrinsic Muscles olecranon
& Related Structures anconeal process
superficial pectoral muscle medial & lateral coronoid processes
(descending & transverse parts) styloid process
deep pectoral muscle
brachiocephalicus m. Bones of the Carpus
clavicular intersection proximal carpal bones:
cleidobrachialis m. intermedioradial(radial), ulnar
cleidocephalicus m. & accessory carpal bones
pars cervicalis (cleidocervicalis m.) distal carpal bones:1, 2, 3, & 4
pars mastoideus (cleidomastoideus m.)
Bones of the Metacarpus
INDEPENDENT STUDY (pp. 6-18) metacarpals: 1, 2, 3, 4, & 5
Bones of the Thoracic Limb
Appendicular Skeleton Phalanges
Scapula ungual process
neck ungual crest
spine extensor process
supraspinous fossa proximal sesamoid bones
infraspinous fossa dorsal sesamoid bones
glenoid cavity
acromion LABORATORY 2 (pp. 26-31)
serrated face Ventral Neck Muscle & Cervical Deep Fascia
scapular notch sternocephalicus m. (mastoid & occipital parts)
supraglenoid tubercle sternohyoideus m.
coracoid process sternothyroideus m.
deep fascia of the neck
Clavicle carotid sheath
median raphe
Humerus Thoracic Limb Extrinsic Muscle
head omotransversarius m.
intertubercular groove trapezius m. (cervical & thoracic parts)
greater tubercle rhomboideus m.
lesser tubercle (capitis, cervicis, and thoracis parts)
crest of the greater tubercle latissimus dorsi m.
deltoid tuberosity thoracolumbar (deep) fascia
tricipital line serratus ventralis m.
brachialis groove (cervicis & thoracis parts)

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LABORATORY 3 (pp. 32-38) carpal joints
Thoracic Limb Intrinsic Muscles metacarpophalangeal joint
& Related Structures proximal interphalangeal joint
Shoulder distal interphalangeal joint
deltoideus m.
infraspinatus m. INDEPENDENT STUDY (pp. 50-61)
subtendinous bursa Bones of the Pelvic Limb
teres minor m. Os Coxae:
supraspinatus m. Ilium
subscapularis m. wing
teres major m. body
coracobrachialis m. iliac crest
Brachium tuber coxae
tensor fasciae antebrachii m. tuber sacrale
triceps brachii m. greater ischiatic notch
(long, lateral, accessory, & medial heads) Ischium
anconeus m. ischiatic tuberosity
biceps brachii m. ischiatic spine
transverse humeral retinaculum lesser ischiatic notch
brachialis m. ischiatic arch
Pubis
LABORATORY 4 (pp. 38-48) iliopubic eminence
Thoracic Limb Intrinsic Muscles pecten
Antebrachium obturator foramen
antebrachial (deep) fascia
extensor retinaculum Femur
flexor retinaculum head
Cat & some dogs: brachioradialis m. neck
extensor carpi radialis m. (longus & brevis in cat) greater trochanter
common digital extensor m. trochanteric fossa
lateral digital extensor m. lesser trochanter
extensor carpi ulnaris = ulnaris lateralis m. third trochanter
supinator m. trochlea
pronator teres m. medial & lateral condyles
abductor pollicis longus = extensor carpi obliquus m. medial & lateral epicondyles
flexor carpi radialis m. extensor fossa
superficial digital flexor m.
flexor carpi ulnaris m. Tibia
(ulnar & humeral heads) medial & lateral condyles
deep digital flexor m. tibial tuberosity
(humeral, ulnar, radial heads) medial malleolus
pronator quadratus m.
carpal canal Fibula
palmar annular ligament lateral malleolus
digital annular ligaments (proximal & distal)
Manus Tarsal Bones
interosseus mm. Proximal row:
dorsal elastic ligaments (paired in dog) calcaneus
In cat, notice: lateral dorsal elastic ligament tuber calcanei
sustentaculum tali
Joints of the Thoracic Limb talus
shoulder joint trochlea
transverse humeral retinaculum Distal tarsal bones
elbow joint 1, 2, 3, 4 & central tarsal bones
lateral & medial collateral ligaments
interosseous ligament

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LABORATORY 5 (pp. 62-73) LABORATORY 7 (pp. 82-93)
Pelvic Limb Muscles & Related Structures Pelvic Limb Muscles (Continued)
superficial & deep gluteal fascia Caudal Muscles of the Leg
sacrotuberous ligament (absent in cat) gastrocnemius m.
thoracolumbar (deep) fascia Cat: soleus m.
fascia lata Cat: caudal tibial m.
femoral triangle superficial digital flexor m.
popliteal lymph node common calcanean tendon
Thigh Muscles calcaneal bursa
biceps femoris m. deep digital flexor m.
(caudal crural abductor m.) lateral digital flexor m.
semitendinosus m. medial digital flexor m.
semimembranosus m. flexor retinaculum
sartorius m. (cranial & caudal parts in dog vs cat) popliteus m.
gracilis m. sesamoid in tendon of origin
symphysial tendon
pectineus m. Joints of the Pelvic Limb
adductor m. (brevis & longus parts are more distinct symphysis pelvis
in cat) sacroiliac joint
Rump Muscles sacrotuberous ligament (absent in cat)
Cat: caudofemoralis m. hip joint
tensor fasciae latae m. (cranial & caudal parts ligament of the femoral head
particularly in the dog) transverse acetabular ligament
superficial gluteal m. acetabular lip
middle gluteal m. stifle joint
piriformis m. meniscus (lateral & medial menisci)
deep gluteal m. collateral ligaments (medial & lateral)
articularis coxae m. cruciate ligaments (cranial & caudal)
tarsal joint
LABORATORY 6 (pp. 74-82)
Pelvic Limb Muscles (continued) INDEPENDENT STUDY (pp. 94-100)
Caudal Hip Muscles Bones of the Vertebral Column
internal obturator m. vertebra
gemelli mm. body
quadratus femoris m. vertebral arch
external obturator m. pedicles
Cranial Thigh Muscles laminae
quadriceps femoris m. vertebral foramen (forms vertebral canal)
rectus femoris m. processes
vastus lateralis m. spinous process or spine
vastus intermedius m. & transverse processes
vastus medialis m. articular processes
(patella & patellar ligament) intervertebral foramina
iliopsoas m. Cervical Vertebrae
psoas major m. atlas
iliacus m. wing of atlas
Crus transverse foramina
superficial fascia lateral vertebral foramina (spinal n. C1 exits)
deep crural fascia axis
crural extensor retinaculum dens
tarsal extensor retinaculum Thoracic Vertebrae
Craniolateral Muscles of the Leg spine (spinous process)
cranial tibial m. anticlinal vertebra (T11)
long digital extensor m. accessory process
peroneus longus m. mamillary process
lateral digital extensor m. Lumbar Vertebrae
peroneus brevis m.

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Sacrum Vessels & Nerves of the Neck (pp. 116-120)
median sacral crest second cervical nerve (ventral branch)
wing great auricular nerve
promontory transverse cervical nerve
Caudal Vertebrae external jugular vein
Ribs mandibular lymph nodes
head, tuberculum, neck medial retropharyngeal lymph node
costal cartilages superficial cervical lymph nodes
costal arch accessory (eleventh) cranial nerve
Sternum ventral branches of cervical nerves 3,4,5
sternebrae vagosympathetic nerve trunk
manubrium
xiphoid process INDEPENDENT STUDY (pp. 112-115)
Joints of the Vertebral Column
LABORATORY 8 (pp. 102-109) Vertebral Joints
Trunk and Neck: Hypaxial Muscles & atlanto-occipitql joint
Related Structures atlantoaxial joint
longus capitis m. transverse ligament of the atlas
longus colli m. dorsal atlantoaxial ligament
scalenus m. intervertebral disks
serratus ventralis m. anulus (annulus) fibrosus
serratus dorsalis mm. (cranialis & caudalis) nucleus pulposus
external intercostal m. ventral longitudinal ligament
internal intercostal m. dorsal longitudinal ligament
Abdominal Wall yellow ligaments
linea alba Ribs
external abdominal oblique m. intercapital ligament
inguinal ligament (adjacent to the vascular lacuna)
internal abdominal oblique m. LABORATORY 10 (pp. 120-128)
cremaster m. (male dog) Thorax
transversus abdominis m. dorsal & ventral intercostal aa.
rectus abdominis m. intercostal nn.
Inguinal Canal cranial & caudal thoracic mammae
superficial inguinal ring axilla
deep inguinal ring axillary lymph node
vaginal process (female) lateral thoracic artery, vein, nerve
vaginal tunics (of vaginal process) cranial epigastric artery
covering spermatic cord (male) cranial superficial epigastric artery
pleurae:
LABORATORY 9 (pp. 109-111, 116-120) pulmonary (visceral)
Epaxial Muscles & Related Structures parietal
Iliocostalis System costal
iliocostalis lumborum mm. mediastinal
iliocostalis thoracis mm. pericardial mediastinal pleura
Longissimus System plica venae cavae
longissimus thoracis et lumborum diaphragmatic
longissimus cervicis pulmonary ligament (caudal to root of lung)
longissimus capitis mediastinum
Transversospinalis System thymus
splenius m. internal thoracic artery
semispinalis capitis m. musculophrenic artery
biventer cervicis m.
complexus m.
supraspinous ligament
nuchal ligament

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LABORATORY 11 (pp. 128-137) Peripheral Nervous System
The Lungs cranial nerves
left lung spinal nerves
cranial lobe (cranial & caudal parts) afferent axons (travel in dorsal root)
caudal lobe efferent axons (travel in ventral root)
aortic impression visceral efferent (vs. somatic efferent)
right lung preganglionic neuron
cranial lobe autonomic ganglion
cardiac notch postganglionic neuron
middle lobe
caudal lobe &
accessory lobe LABORATORY 12 (pp. 141-147)
principal bronchi Nerves and Ganglia
carina cervicothoracic ganglion
lobar bronchi vertebral nerve
tracheobronchial lymph nodes ansa subclavia
middle cervical ganglion
Vessels Cranial to the Heart cardiac nerves
cranial vena cava vagosympathetic trunk
brachiocephalic vein cranial cervical ganglion
external jugular vein vagus nerve
subclavian vein left & right recurrent laryngeal nerves
azygos vein caudal laryngeal nerve
thoracic duct dorsal & ventral vagal trunks
cisterna chyli
tracheal ducts Heart and Pericardium
aorta: fibrous pericardium
ascending aorta phrenicopericardial ligament
aortic arch serous (membrane) pericardium
descending aorta parietal pericardium
coronary arteries (right & left) visceral pericardium (epicardium)
brachiocephalic trunk auricular (left) & atrial (right ) surfaces of heart
left common carotid a. coronary groove
right common carotid a. subsinuosal interventricular groove
right subclavian a. paraconal interventricular groove
left subclavian a. right atrium
vertebral artery sinus venarum
costocervical trunk interatrial septum
superficial cervical artery intervenous tubercle
internal thoracic artery fossa ovalis
crista terminalis
Branches of the Thoracic Aorta right auricle
(dorsal) intercostal arteries pectinate muscles
bronchoesophageal a. caudal vena cava
esophageal aa. coronary sinus
bronchial aa. cranial vena cava
phrenic nerve left & right atrioventricular orifices
endocardium
left & right atrioventricular valves
INDEPENDENT STUDY (pp. 138-141) (parietal & septal cusps)
Autonomic Nervous System right ventricle
Central Nervous System chordae tendineae
brain papillary muscles
spinal cord trabeculae carneae
trabecula septomarginalis
conus arteriosus

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pulmonary trunk Forearm and Paw:
ligamentum arteriosum (fetal ductus arteriosus) brachial a. (continued)
left atrium common interosseous a. (absent in cat)
left auricle ulnar a.
left ventricle caudal interosseous a.
aortic valve cranial interosseous a.
semilunar cusps deep antebrachial a.
fibrous nodule median a. (small in cat)
left coronary artery superficial palmar arch
circumflex branch palmar common digital aa.
paraconal interventricular branch radial a. (large in cat)
right coronary artery
great cardiac vein Nerves of theAnterbrachium & Manus
coronary sinus radial n.
deep & superficial branches
LABORATORY 13 (pp. 148-159) median n.
Thoracic Limb Vessels & Nerves ulnar n.
(superficial cervical lymph nodes) caudal cutaneous antebracheal n.
subclavian a. dorsal & palmar branches
superficial cervical artery
axillary artery LABORATORY 15 (pp. 171-177)
external thoracic a. Ventral & Lateral Abdominal Wall
lateral thoracic a. external pudendal a.
subscapular a. caudal superficial epigastric artery
thoracodorsal a. cranial labial/scrotal a.
caudal circumflex humeral a. superficial inguinal lymph nodes
cranial circumflex humeral a. cranial abdominal a.
brachial artery deep circumflex iliac a. & v.
deep brachial a. lumbar spinal nn. (ventral branches)
bicipital a cranial iliohypogastric n. (L1)
collateral ulnar a. caudal iliohypogastric n. (L2)
superficial brachial a. ilioinguinal n. (L3)
cranial superficial antebrachial a. lateral cutaneous femoral n. (from L4)
transverse cubital a.
Inguinal Structures
Nerves of Scapular Region & Brachium inguinal canal
Brachial Plexus external pudendal a. & v.
cranial pectoral nn. genitofemoral nerve
suprascapular n. MALE
subscapular n. spermatic fascia (external & internal)
musculocutaneous n. cremaster muscle
medial cutaneous antebrachial n. spermatic cord
axillary n. vaginal process
cranial lateral cutaneous brachial n. parietal & visceral vaginal tunics
thoracodorsal n. mesorchium
radial n. mesoductus deferens
median n. ductus deferens
ulnar n. deferent artery/vein
testicular artery/vein
LABORATORY 14 (pp. 160-168) pampiniform (venous) plexus
Thoracic Limb Vessels (continued) testis
cephalic v. epididymis (head, body, tail)
accessory cephalic v. ligament of the tail of the epididymis
median cubital v. proper ligament of the testis
axillobrachial v. scrotum
omobrachial v. (absent in cat) FEMALE
vaginal process
(containing round ligament of uterus)
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LABORATORY 16 (pp. 177-190) jejunum
Abdominal & Peritoneal Cavities mesenteric lymph nodes
transversalis fascia ileum
parietal & visceral peritoneum ileal orifice (ileocolic orifice)
falciform ligament cecum
round ligament of the liver cecocolic orifice
median ligament of the bladder colon (ascending, transverse & descending)
vaginal ring right & left colic flexures
deep inguinal ring rectum
ductus deferens
caudal epigastric a. & v. LABORATORY 17 (pp. 191-200)
Abdominal Viscera - (continued)
Abdominal Viscera pancreas (left lobe, body, & right lobe)
greater omentum pancreatic duct
omental bursa accessory pancreatic duct
urinary bladder major & minor duodenal papillae
uterus (cervix, body, uterine horns) adrenal glands (right & left)
spleen kidneys
gastrosplenic ligament hilus
diaphragm renal cortex
tendinous center renal medulla
lumbar part(left crus & right crus) pyramids
costal part renal crest
sternal part arcuate branches (of renal vessels)
cupula renal sinus
aortic hiatus ureter
esophageal hiatus renal pelvis
caval foramen pelvic recesses
liver ovary
right medial & lateral lobes proper ligament of the ovary
quadrate lobe uterine tube
left medial & lateral lobes infundibulum
caudate lobe abdominal ostium
caudate process (with renal impression) tuberouterine junction
papillary process ( uterus (cervix, body, uterine horns) )
hepatic ducts broad ligament of the uterus
gall bladder mesovarium
cystic duct suspensory ligament of the ovary
bile duct mesosalpinx
stomach ovarian bursa
cardiac part mesometrium
fundus round ligament of the uterus
body
pyloric part Peritoneum
pyloric antrum parietal & visceral peritoneum
pyloric canal connecting peritoneum:
pylorus lesser omentum
greater & lesser curvatures hepatoduodenal ligament
duodenum greater omentum
cranial duodenal flexure omental bursa
descending part epiploic foramen
caudal duodenal flexure mesoduodenum
ascending part duodenocolic fold
duodenojejunal flexure mesentery (mesojejunoileum)
root of the mesentery
mesocolon
(ascending, transverse, descending)

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 ligaments of the liver: caudal mesenteric artery
right triangular ligament left colic artery
left triangular ligament cranial rectal artery
coronary ligament deep circumflex iliac artery
falciform ligament
umbilical v. remnant (round lig. of the liver) Portal Vein
gastroduodenal vein
Nerves of Abdominal Viscera splenic vein
right & left vagus nerves left gastric vein
dorsal & ventral branches cranial & caudal mesenteric veins
dorsal & ventral vagal trunks
branch to celiacomesenteric plexus (celiac br.) Pelvic Viscera, Vessels, & Nerves
sympathetic trunk pelvic diaphragm:
major splanchnic n. levator ani m.
minor splanchnic n. coccygeus m.
lumbar splanchnic nerves pelvic nerve & pelvic plexus
celiacomesenteric plexus & ganglia: Extensions of peritoneal cavity:
celiac plexus pararectal fossa
right & left celiac ganglia rectogenital pouch
cranial mesenteric plexus vesicogenital pouch
cranial mesenteric ganglion pubovesical pouch
caudal mesenteric plexus & ganglion
right & left hypogastric nerves LABORATORY 19 (pp. 212-226)
Pelvic vessels
LABORATORY 18 (pp. 201-212) Terminal branches of aorta:
Branches of the Abdominal Aorta median sacral artery
lumbar arteries external iliac artery (enters vascular lacuna)
celiac artery internal iliac artery
hepatic a. umbilical artery
cystic artery internal pudendal artery
right gastric a. vaginal a. / prostatic a.
gastroduodenal a. uterine a. / a. of ductus deferens
right gastroepiploic a. caudal vesical artery
cranial pancreaticoduodenal a. middle rectal artery
left gastric a. ventral perineal a.
esophageal branches caudal rectal a.
splenic artery artery of the penis (clitoris)
left gastroepiploic a. (aa.) artery of the bulb of the penis
pancreatic branches deep artery of the penis
cranial mesenteric artery dorsal artery of the penis
common trunk (dog)
middle colic a. Pelvic Viscera
right colic a. urinary bladder
ileocolic artery trigone of the bladder
mesenteric ileal branch median ligament of the bladder
colic branch lateral ligaments of the bladder
cecal artery urethral muscle (urethralis m.)
antimesenteric ileal branch rectum
caudal pancreaticoduodenal a. anal canal
jejunal aa. columnar zone (has anal columns)
ileal aa. anocutaneous line (intermediate zone)
common trunk (phrenicoabdominal a.) cutaneous zone
cranial abdominal artery anal sac (paranal sinus)
caudal phrenic a. anus
renal arteries internal anal sphincter m. (smooth)
ovarian a. / testicular a. in mesorchium external anal sphincter m. (striated)
rectococcygeus muscle

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Male Genitalia femoral triangle
prostate gland femoral a. (begins at level of vascular lacuna)
urethra superficial circumflex iliac a.
pelvic part lateral circumflex femoral a.
prostatic part proximal caudal femoral a.
urethral crest saphenous a.
colliculus seminalis cranial& caudal branches
(post-prostatic part—covered by urethralis m.) descending genicular a.
penile part middle caudal femoral a.
prepuce distal caudal femoral a.
preputial orifice popliteal a.
fornix of the prepuce cranial tibial a.
retractor penis muscle
penis (root, body, & free part) Superficial Veins:
corpus cavernosum penis (paired) medial saphenous v. (feline venipucture site)
tunica albuginea lateral saphenous v.
crus (at root of penis) cranial branch (canine venipucture site)
ischiocavernosus m. (covers crus)
corpus spongiosum penis LABORATORY 21 (pp. 239-249)
bulb of the penis Pelvic Limb Nerves
bulbospongiosus muscle (covers bulb) Lumbosacral Plexus:
glans obturator nerve
pars bulbus glandis femoral nerve
pars longa glandis saphenous nerve
os penis pudendal nerve
urethral groove caudal rectal nerve
Cat: bulbourethral glands perineal nerves
dorsal nerve of the penis
Female Genitalia caudal cutaneous femoral nerve
cervix of uterus lumbosacral trunk
cervical canal caudal gluteal nerve
internal uterine ostium (uterine body opening) cranial gluteal nerve
external uterine ostium (vaginal opening) sciatic nerve
vagina common peroneal nerve
fornix lateral cutaneous sural nerve
vestibule superficial peroneal n.
urethral tubercle deep peroneal n
urethral opening dorsal digital nn.
vestibular bulbs tibial n.
fossa clitoridis caudal cutaneous sural nerve
clitoris plantar digital nn.
vulva
labia Arteries of the Pes
rima pudendi (vulval cleft) dorsal pedal artery
dorsal & ventral commissures arcuate a.
dorsal metatarsal aa.
LABORATORY 20 (pp. 228-239) perforating branch
Vessels of the Pelvic Limb plantar digital aa.
caudal gluteal a. (branch of internal iliac a.)
cranial gluteal a. [& nerve]
iliolumbar a.
external iliac a. (to level of vascular lacuna)
deep femoral artery
pudendoepigastric trunk
caudal epigastric a.
external pudendal a.
medial circumflex femoral a.
deep & transverse branches
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INDEPENDENT STUDY (pp. 252-271) infraorbital foramen
Bones of the Skull hard palate
Cranium & cranial cavity: palatine fissure
calvaria major & minor palatine foramina
frontal bone mandible
frontal sinus body
parietal bone ramus
sagittal crest (some breeds) coronoid process
temporal lines mandibular foramen & canal
temporal fossa mental foramina
tentorium osseum mandibular symphysis
occipital bone condylar process
occipital condyle temporomandibular joint
foramen magnum angular process
paracondylar process hyoid apparatus
external occipital protuberance teeth: incisor, canine, premolar, molar
hypoglossal canal alveolus
jugular foramen
temporal bone LABORATORY 22 (pp. 271-281)
zygomatic process Superficial Structures of the Head
zygomatic arch philtrum
petrosal part (contains inner ear) platysma m.
internal acoutic meatus orbicularis oris m.
tympanic bulla buccinator m.
external acoustic meatus levator nasolabialis m.
mastoid process superior & inferior palpebrae
stylomastoid foramen palpebral fissure
basisphenoid bone medial & lateral palpebral commissures
alar canal orbicularis oculi m.
hypohyseal fossa retractor anguli oculi m.
round foramen levator palpebrae superioris m.
oval foramen conjunctival sac
presphenoid bone palpebral conjunctiva
ethmoid bone bulbar conjunctiva
cribriform plate fornix
lacrimal caruncle
Face: lacrimal puncta (dorsal & ventral)
incisive bone lacrimal duct
nasal bone lacrimal sac
nasal cavity: nasolacrimal duct
nasal aperture plica semilunaris (third eyelid)
nasal septum superficial gland of the third eyelid
nasal conchae (dorsal & ventral) rostral auricular muscles
ethymoidal (conchae) labyrinth scutiform cartilage
nasal meati (dorsal, middle, ventral, common) caudal auricular muscles
orbit
orbital margin Oral Cavity, Tongue & Salivary Glands
orbital ligament vestibule
orbital fissure parotid & zygomatic duct openings
optic canal oral cavity proper
fossa for the lacrimal sac tongue (root, body, apex)
pterygopalatine fossa papillae: (filiform, conical,
foramina (caudal palatine; sphenopalatine; maxillary) fungiform, foliate & vallate)
maxilla (maxillary bone) lingual frenulum
maxillary recess (sinus) lyssa
infraorbital canal sublingual caruncle
maxillary foramen sublingual fold

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 mandibular salivary duct external ear canal
major sublingual salivary duct annular cartilage
mandibular salivary gland
sublingual salivary gland (monostomatic gland) Muscles of Mastication
parotid salivary gland temporalis m. (temporal m.)
parotid duct masseter m.
buccal salivary gland (cat only) medial & lateral pterygoid mm.
palate digastricus m.
incisive papilla & duct
vomeronasal organ zygomatic salivary gland
Pharynx Lingual Muscles
oropharynx styloglossus m.
palatoglossal arch hyoglossus m.
palatine tonsil genioglossus m.
semilunar fold
nasopharynx Hyoid Muscles
palatopharyngeal arch sternohyoideus m.
auditory tube thyrohyoideus m.
laryngopharynx mylohyoideus m.
pharyngoesophageal limen (border) geniohyoideus m.
Pharyngeal Muscles:
cricopharyngeus m. LABORATORY 24 (pp. 288-294)
thyropharyngeus m. The Eye & Related Structures
hyopharyngeus m. orbit
periorbita
LABORATORY 23 (pp. 281-288) lacrimal gland
Larynx superficial gland of the third eyelid
epiglottic cartilage
aryepiglottic fold Muscles:
thyroid cartilage levator palpebrae superioris m.
rostral cornu & caudal cornu rectus muscles (dorsal, ventral,
caudal thyroid incisure medial, & lateral)
cricoid cartilage retractor bulbi m.
cricothyroid ligament ventral oblique m.
arytenoid cartilage dorsal oblique m.
vocal process trochlea
muscular, corniculate & cuneiform processes
vestibular fold Eyeball:
laryngeal ventricle (absent in cat) bulbus oculi (eyeball)
glottis external fibrous coat
vocal fold (Cat: vocal ridge) cornea
vocal ligament sclera
vocalis muscle limbus (corneoscleral junction)
rima glottidis (glottis cleft) middle vascular coat (uvea)
Intrinsic muscles of larynx: iris
cricothyroid m. pupil
cricoarytenoideus dorsalis m. choroid
cricoarytenoideus lateralis m. tapetum lucidum
thyroarytenoideus m. ciliary body
vocalis m. ciliary processes
zonule (zonular fibers)
External Ear retina (internal coat)
auricle (pinna) ora serrata
auricular cartilage optic disc
marginal cutaneous sac fundus
helix, tragus, incisures, etc

11
 lens facial a.
anterior & posterior chambers sublingual a.
aqueous humor caudal auricular a.
vitreous chamber superficial temporal a.
vitreous body maxillary a.
inferior alveolar a.
Superficial Veins of the Head caudal deep temporal a.
external jugular vein middle meningeal a.
linguofacial vein external ophthalmic a.
lingual vein palatine aa.
facial vein infraorbital a.
dorsal nasal v.
angularis oculi v.
maxillary vein INDEPENDENT STUDY (pp. 306-312)
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LABORATORY 25 (pp. 294-306 & 309-312) Cranial Nerves:
Nerves of the Head I. Olfactory n.
facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) II. Optic n.
caudal auricular branches III. Oculomotor n.
ventral buccal n. ciliary ganglion
dorsal buccal n. IV. Trochlear n.
auriculopalpebral nerve V. Trigeminal n.
rostral auricular branches ophthalmic n.
palpebral branches frontal, infratrochlear, ciliary, & ethmoidal nn.
mandibular n. (branch of trigeminal nerve (V)) maxillary n.
auriculotemporal nerve zygomatic n.
buccal n. infraorbital n.
lingual n. superior alveolar branches
inferior alveolar n. mandibular n.
mylohyoid n. VI. Abducent n.
maxillary n. (branch of trigeminal nerve (V)) VII. Facial n.
infraorbital n. – p. 310 pterygopalatine ganglion & nerve
vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) – p. 311 VIII. Vestibulocochlear n.
cranial laryngeal n. IX. Glossopharyngeal n.
caudal (recurrent) laryngeal n. pharyngeal plexus
cervical sympathetic trunk X. Vagus n.
cranial cervical ganglion – p. 311 proximal & distal (sensory) ganglia
hypoglossal nerve (cranial nerve XII) – p. 312 cranial laryngeal n.
caudal laryngeal n. (recurrent laryngeal n.)
Cervical Structures XI. Accessory n.
thyroid gland XII. Hypoglossal n.
external & internal parathyroid glands
esophagus
pharyngoesophageal limen version: 8/16/06
trachea
tracheal cartilages
medial retropharyngeal lymph node
Arteries of the Head
common carotid artery
caudal & cranial thyroid arteries
internal carotid artery
carotid sinus
external carotid artery
occipital artery
cranial laryngeal artery
lingual artery

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