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0 = n u
at control pt #1:
The velocity at control pt #1 is the sum of the freestream + 3 point vortices
velocities at that point:
1 2 3
1
2 2 2
2 2 2
u V i i i j
= + +
| | | | | |
| | |
\ . \ . \ .
The normal at control pt #1 is:
1
1 2
1 1
0
2 2
2 2
n i
u n V
=
= + =
| | | |
| |
\ . \ .
Rearranging:
1 2
V
=
(1)
0 = n u
at control pt #2:
Now, following the same procedure for control pt #2:
=10 miles
V = 100 mph
8
3
x
y
Solution
16.100 2002 2
2
2 3
2 2
1 3
2 2
0
2
n i j
V
u n
= +
= + =
2 3
2
V
=
(2)
0 = n u
at control pt #3:
3
1 3
3 3
1 3
2 2
0
2
n i j
V
u n
=
= + =
1 3
2
V
+ =
(3)
Final System of Equations
Combine the numbered equations:
1
2
3
vortex
strengths
(unknowns)
Influence matrix
1 1
0
1 1
0
2
1 1
0
2
i
V n
V
V
V
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
=
(
(
(
(
(
(
( (
i
The problem with these equations is that they have infinitely many solutions.
One clue is that the determinant of the matrix is zero. In particular we can add a
constant strength to any solution because:
0
0
0
influence
0
matrix
(
(
(
(
(
=
(
(
(
(
Solution
16.100 2002 3
Given a solution
0
0
0
(
(
(
(
, then
1 0
2 0
3 0
( (
( (
+
( (
( (
is also a solution where
0
is arbitrary.
So, how do we resolve this?
Answer: the Kutta condition!
2 2
. . . .
1 1
2 2
t e upper t e lower
p V p V + = +
0
upper lower
V V =
Whats the Kutta condition for the windy city problem:
Kutta:
3
0 = no flow around node 3!
So, we can now solve our system of equations starting with 0
3
=
1
2
3
2
2
0
V
V
=
=
=
V
8