Piping Coordination Systems - Reference points Reference Points | Plot Plan & EQ Arragements | Piping Arrangement | Piping &

Instr Diagram | Piping Isometrics

FOREWORD - LOCATION IS RELATIVE -

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An object's location is always given relative to another reference object. For example, the location of a Heat Exchanger may be described as five blocks from the General Service Building. To be more specific, the Heat Exchanger is four blocks east and three blocks south of the General Service Building. With this illustration, a direction and a distance from the General Service Building has been established. Several things are assumed to be known, the place to begin (General Service Building), and understanding of east and south (reference directions), and the length of a block (unit of displacement). Without consensus on these things, communication of the location of a Process Plant becomes unclear.

REFERENCE POINT

Before beginning with making drawings for a new process plant or building, there must be determine where the new building in the area will take his place. A coordination system, which refers to an officially recognized point therefore is necessary. In the Netherlands, for example, are thousands of official reference points, distributed across the country ...search on the Internet on geographic coordinate conversion, triangulation stations, benchmarks, geography or topography. You'll find a lot of information about how reference points are measured and identified.

HORIZONTAL REFERENCE
Defining a starting point of the site related to the North / South direction, is one of the first steps in setting up a coordination system. In principle, with a simple reliable compass the direction of the magnetic north can to be determined. In the image below the true north is at 18. As a draftsman would work with the true north coordinates, he will immediately find out that each line from west to east and from north to south at an angle of 18 must be drawn. To avoid this, a Plant North will be determined. In the example below, the true north, 18 is reversed, draftsmen and construction contractors will be grateful for it. General there will be tried, to approach the true north-south coordinates as close as possible. A rule is, that the angle between true north and Plant North can not exceed 45. At 50, for example, the Plant North would be on the right side, so on the Eastern side of the image.

1 = Official reference point 2 = South West angle of new plant X = East West distance from new plant to reference point Y = North South distance from new plant to reference point

VERTICAL REFERENCE
Before starting with any building, the site is leveled (graded), what means that the ground is made as flat as practically possible. After leveling we talking about "finished grade", where the highest graded point is termed "high point of finished grade". This highest point of finished grade refers to an official reference point on which all vertical measurements are related. In the Netherlands, for example, many vertical measurement are in relation to the "Normaal Amsterdams Peil" (NAP). If the field compared to the NAP is 1 meter higher, usually the reference point will not become a zero start of 1000 mm, but in this case a zero start at zero(0). On a isometric view of a pipe line elevations are indicated by EL.109665 or EL.99450 etc.. What is meant by this vertical dimensions ? The first EL.109665 you can read as: centerline of pipe is 9665 mm above zero point The second EL.99450 you can read as: centerline of pipe is 550 mm below zero point

Well, the vertical zero point in this case is 100 meters (100000 mm), and this has the advantage that no negative (minus) values on drawings need to be applied.

The image here on the left shows the official elevation symbol.

Tip for AutoCad users: use the CDT font, lower case Q.

Piping Coordination Systems - Plot plan & Equipment arrangement Reference points | Plot Plan & EQ Arragements | Piping Arrangement | Piping & Inst Diagram | Piping Isometrics

FOREWORD

For clarity, as on this website the word Plant is used, then it refers to a Process plant such as a Chemical plant, Petroleum refinery, Gas Processing plant, Petrochemical, Pharmaceutical, Textile, Paper, Semiconductor & Cryogenic plants and related processing plants and terminals. Al these plants fall under the scope of ASME B31.3 Process Piping.

Drawings, which are shown on this page, are fictitious, but they have been drawn according to a functional Plot Plan of a Process Plant. Over the years, I've seen a lot of plot plans of several engineering companies. All these companies show a certain standard in their plans, but the layout and dimensioning is often quite different. Also sometimes customers or authorities wants to have additional information on a Plot Plan. For this reason there is no general rule, for a "final" Plot Plan.

PLOT PLAN
A Plot Plan is a scale drawing that gives an overview (top view) of the entire plant. All roads, buildings, units, tank farms, employee entrance etc. will be given on a Plot Plan. It also listed the true north and Plant north, port address, sometimes prevailing winds, reference point(s), horizontal references etc.. You will understand that a whole process plant, usually can not be given on a readable drawing. Therefore, a distinction is made between a Overall Plot Plan and a Detailed Plot Plan.

OVERALL PLOT PLAN

A Overall Plot Plan, sometimes this plan called a Site Plan or a Site Master Plan, you can compare with a city road map. Important buildings, parks and street names are given, but not the house numbers or

the number of rooms in a building. With the drawing in your hands, you should find a certain process tank farm and a specific tank, but not a pump or a plate cooler, or heights of buildings, tanks and so on. That kind of equipment and dimensions are not shown on a Overall Plot Plan. On THIS DRAWING, as an example, a imaginary Overall Plot Plan will be shown. Right down on the drawing you can see the starting point of this imaginary Overall Plot Plan. North starting with N - 000.000 coordinate and East with E - 400.000 coordinate. Both related to an officially recognized reference point, but in practice, the east coordinates refer often to another reference object, and do not start with the coordinates E - 000.000. Right on the top under "Notes" you can see the plant north coordinates and (important !) starting reference elevation of this plant is EL.100000. (see Reference points) There are no pipe-bridges, pipelines, pumps or other equipment shown on that drawing, but the plan gives a good impression of a overall process plant.

DETAILED PLOT PLAN

In contrast with a Overall Plot Plan, a Detailed Plot Plan gives a overview (top view) of a part of a process plant. Generally it shows a part of a certain area, floor or unit. As you can see on the overall plot plan, the process building is largely equipped with a roof, and only some equipment parts are visible from above.
THIS DRAWING, as an example, shows what is present on the fourth floor, under the roof of the FM-

AREA of the process building. The plan shows the whole 4th floor on a elevation of EL.129200. These elevation are related to the upper part, Top of Concrete (T.O.C.) of the 4th floor of the FM-AREA, and indicates a elevation of 29200 millimeters from the starting point (EL.100000) of the process plant. Furthermore, it shows some equipment, a large pipeline and some smaller, a staircase and the columns of the steel structure of the building. Watch out, that all East and North dimensions, starting at the center lines of the columns. A major advantage of a proper detailed plot plan is that you can determine from your office, or a new piece of equipment in a certain area, floor or unit, can be placed. That however only applies to the horizontal dimensions, because you cannot see possibly obstructions in the vertical level. What you also cannot see on a plot plan, are the elevations of the equipment. That means that you do not know, or a device on the 4th floor or may be already on the third floor begins...for this reason, Equipment Arrangements have been considered.

WHAT IS A EQUIPMENT ARRANGEMENT

Equipment Arrangements are drawings, which show the top and side-view of a part of a process plant. The top-view is similar to a detailed plot plan, except that only equipment is shown.

Both equipment arrangements shows the equipment in a particular area, and sometimes a few details around a specific device. With a drawing of a site-view you can see the elevations of a certain device, and if the device is going through one, or more floors.
THIS DRAWING, as an example, shows a top-view of the equipment on the fourth floor of the FM-

Area.
THIS DRAWING, as an example, shows a side-view of the equipment on and under the fourth floor of

the FM-Area.

SUMMARY
Plot plans and equipment arrangements are resources to help determine relative and specific positioning of equipment on a process plant, related to the plant north, that on the drawings must be shown. Both help the development of support facilities and are used to determine the most cost-effective construction sequence and methods. They are also used for operational needs, such as training and emergency access, and are essential for obtaining permits and determining environmental and personnel safety. They are the main documents used in assessing fire protection and if necessary, to obtain government permits.. Plot plans and equipment arrangements are dynamic documents and evolve further during the construction phase and the lifetime of a process plant.

Piping Coordination Systems - Piping arrangement Reference points | Plot Plan & EQ Arragements | Piping Arrangement | Piping & Instr Diagram | Piping Isometrics

VIEWS IN PIPING DRAWINGS

There are two types of views in hand-drawn piping drawings: Orthographic - Plans and Elevations Pictorial - Isometric Views

Orthographic drawings are views (front, side, top etc.) of an piping system, and in Piping they are called "Piping Arrangements". An orthographic view shows only one side, and therefore multiple drawings (views) are necessary to show a complete Piping Arrangement. In complex systems, where orthographic views do not illustrate the details of the design, pictorial view in isometric presentation is made for clarity.

PRIORITIES ON A PIPING ARRANGEMENT

Process equipment and piping have priority on the Piping Arrangement. The major primary beams and secondary beams are also shown, even as Utility stations so that the most

efficient route for utilities can be determined. Order of importance of pipe lines in a Piping Arrangement: Alloy steel and other special materials Large bore piping High temperature/high pressure piping Lined piping Carbon Steel Process Piping Utility piping

Further (if possible) all equipment, instrument connections, with the tag numbers will be shown on a Piping Arrangement. Important details are often in a larger scale in the same drawing shown. Even as a Plot Plan, a whole process plant usually can not be given on a readable drawing. Therefore the Piping Arrangement show parts of a process plant.

TYPES OF PIPING ARRANGEMENT DRAWINGS

Pipelines on a Piping Arrangement are shown by single lines and double lines. In single line representation only the center line of the pipeline is drawn using a solid line. In double line representation the actual size to scale is drawn with center line marked in chain-dotted lines. Single lines representation Flanges are shown as thick lines drawn to the scaled outsite diameter of the flange. For flanged joints a small gap between dimension lines will be shown to indicate a gasket. Valves are shown with identification number and a handwheel is drawn with stem fully extended. If a valve is lever operated, then the movement of handle position is given. Dimensions for flanged valves are given to the flange faces, while non flanged valves are dimensioned to the center lines of their stems.

EXAMPLE OF A PIPING ARRANGEMENT

On THIS DRAWING, as an example, a imaginary "single line" Piping Arrangement will be shown. The drawing shows 2 pumps, 4 valves (all Handwheel operated and flanged), a pipe line and a column. The line number CD - PL - 101 - 12 - C300 - T2 - I2 tells something about the pipe line. CD PL 101 12 C300 T2 I2 Indicator for plant or system, where the pipeline is located. Indicator for a service designation. Indicator for the serial number of the pipe line. Indicator NPS, in this case the main pipeline is NPS 12. Indicator for Pipe Line Class or "Pipe Spec". C tells that the material is Carbon Steel, and 300 indicates the Pressure Class. Indicator for Tracing type. Indicator for Insulation type.

Above description of the line number is only an example. For line numbers are no standard definitions, and therefore a customer specification can be different from what is here defined. The indication 12-314 (Typ) on the valve told that the valve is 12 inches and 314 indicates the type of valve. The same applies also to the valve near the pump, where DR indicates a Drain valve. Typ stands for Typical and means that there is another ore more valves in that drawing with the same specification. The advantage of this indicator is, that items with the same specification only once need to be defined. Furthermore, the red arrow indicates the flow direction, which perhaps is unnecessary, because the pipe line is connected to the Suction side of the pump. Dis. = Discharge, pressure side of a pump Suc. = Suction, suction side of a pump

An important item is designation TF (Top Flat) which is shown to the eccentric reducer at the pump. That means that the flat side of the reducer is on the top of de pipe line. If it was vice versa BF Bottom flat, also the elevation to the suction side of the pump must be given. Example for the pump suction side: A eccentric reducer 12 to 8 inch has a center-line difference from 52.4 millimeters. (12" = O.D. 323.9 mm / 8" = O.D. 219.1 mm / Length = 203 mm / Center-line difference =

52.4 mm). If the reducer bottom flat, an elevation round off upwards EL. 100548 must be shown.
THIS IMAGE shows a 12 x 8 inch Top Flat and Bottom Flat eccentric reducer.

Note: The connection to the column is 600 Lbs. This change in Pressure Class is indicated by a so-called "Spec break" (change of Piping Class Specification). In this case it means, that the flange that connect to nozzle C1 also must be have a Pressure Class of 600, and that the material probably not changed. Another important item is the elevation (given in red) of nozzle C1 from the column. The elevation EL. 104966 is shown, because the pipe line ends with an eccentric reducer Bottom Flat (BF). In this case it means, that the vertical centerline from nozzle C1 is 15.88 mm above the center line of the pipeline. A eccentric reducer 14 x 12 (355.6 mm x 323.9 mm) has a length of 330 mm and a centerline difference from 15.88 mm.

SYMBOLS ON A PIPING ARRAGEMENT DRAWING

On the drawing can be seen that the pipe line(s) from the pumps run up to the column. The pipeline starts with elevation EL. 100600 at the pump suction site and ends at elevation EL. 104950 at nozzle "C1" from the column. But without the elevations, the upward routing is also visible. For single line representation there are a lot of symbols, which illustrate a directional change. The three partly open blue circles in the drawing, indicate three Elbows which are bending down. The two blue half-moons around the pipelines/valves indicate that the valves are at the bottom of the pipeline are located. The two valves are needed to drain the pipeline. By applying eccentric reducers (Top Flat) in the lowest part of the pipeline, the two valves make it possible to fully empty the system. In the main Menu "Documents" the most used drawing symbols can be found.

3-DIMENSIONAL VIEW
More and more engineering companies show plot plans, equipment and piping arrangements in a 3D view. Better 3D software has made this possible, and generally has this way of drawing many advantages. There are many programs that can be made 3D views, but they are all very expensive. Large engineering companies often have developed their own software. Some of these

programs make it possible "to walking through a whole plant" in order to find a particular item. It is very impressive, what is possible with that type of software.
Remark(s) of the author...

SUMMARY
A standard Piping Arrangement does not exist. Like a Plot Plan or Equipment Arrangement, in the development phase of a new plant, the requirements for the drawings will be made by customer and/or engineering company.

Piping Coordination Systems - Piping and Instrument Diagram Reference points | Plot Plan & EQ Arragements | Piping Arrangement | Piping & Instr Diagram | Piping Isometrics

PIPING AND INSTRUMENTATION DIAGRAM

The piping and Instr Diagram (P&ID) provides a schematic representation of the piping, process control, and instrumentation which shows the functional relationships among the system components. The P&ID also provides important information needed by the constructor and manufacturer to develop the other construction input documents (the isometric drawings or orthographic physical layout drawings). The P&ID provides direct input to the field for the physical design and installation of fieldrun piping. For clarity, it is usual practice to use the same general layout of flow paths on the P&ID as used on the system flow diagram. The P&ID ties together the system description, the system flow diagram, the electric control schematic, and the control logic diagram. It accomplishes this by showing all the piping, equipment, principal instruments, instrument loops, and control interlocks. The P&ID contains a minimum amount of text in the form of notes (the system descriptions minimize the need for text on the P&ID). The first P&ID in the set for the job should contain

a legend defining all symbols used; if certain symbols are defined elsewhere, it may be appropriate to only reference their source. The P&IDs are also used by the start-up organizations for preparing flushing, testing, and blowout procedures for the piping system and by the plant operators to operate the system. The correctness and completeness of the SD, SFD, and P&ID drawings are crucial to the success of the start-up program.

Bentley Bentley is the global leader dedicated to providing architects, engineers...

Autodesk A world leader in 2D and 3D design, engineering, and entertainment software...

PROCAD PROCAD has been offering the finest process piping and electrical CAD applications...

THE P&ID SHOULD SHOW THE FOLLOWING:

Mechanical equipment All valves associated with the process piping Process pipes Vents and drains Special fittings Sampling lines Permanent start-up and flushing lines Instrument designations Equipment names and numbers Pipeline identification Valve identification Reducers and increasers, swages, etc Direction of flow Interfaces for class changes

Instruments significant to the process piping, including:

Specific information as applicable to job:

All size transitions in line:

Seismic category Quality level Interconnection references Annunciation inputs Plant computer inputs Vendor and contractor interfaces Identification of components and subsystems by others Reference to a vendor drawing for details not shown Intended physical sequence of equipment: Including branch lines, reducers, etc.

Image of a simple Piping and Instrument Diagram

Click on the image to enlarge

Remarks: The P&ID for a defined system should be limited to coverage of that system to
the maximum practical extent. Other systems that interface with the subject system are shown in phantom if such portions are detailed elsewhere. Whenever a line is broken off as a matter of drafting convenience, both the break and the continuation are labeled so that one can readily trace the line from both sides of the break. This applies whether the break and continuation are on the same sheet or on different sheets of the drawing. Except for very simple P&ID, the drawing should have the horizontal and vertical borders marked to permit reference to any small area of the drawing, such as by "Continued at PG12". Care should be taken to ensure that these markings are within the sized field of the drawing so that they will always be reproduced with the drawing regardless of the process used.

Piping Coordination Systems - Piping Isometric -

Reference points | Plot Plan & EQ Arragements | Piping Arrangement | Piping & Instr Diagram | Piping Isometrics |

Bentley Bentley is the global leader dedicated to providing architects, engineers...

Autodesk A world leader in 2D and 3D design, engineering, and entertainment software...

PROCAD PROCAD has been offering the finest process piping and electrical CAD applications...

PIPING ISOMETRIC
Unlike orthographics, piping isometrics allow the pipe to be drawn in a manner by which the length, width and depth are shown in a single view. Isometrics are usually drawn from information found on a plan and elevation views. The symbols that represent fittings, valves and flanges are modified to adapt to the isometric grid. Usually, piping isometrics are drawn on preprinted paper, with lines of equilateral triangles form of 60.
IMAGE of a isometric grid

The Iso, as isometric are commonly referred, is oriented on the grid relative to the north arrow found on plan drawings. Because iso's are not drawn to scale, dimensions are required to specify exact lengths of piping runs. Pipe lengths are determined through calculations using coordinates and elevations. Vertical lengths of pipe are calculated using elevations, while horizontal lengths are caculated using north-south and east-west coordinates. Piping isometrics are generally produced from orthographic drawings and are important pieces of information to engineers. In very complex or large piping systems, piping isometrics are essential to the design and manufacturing phases of a project.

Piping isometrics are often used by designers prior to a stress analysis and are also used by draftsmen to produce shop fabrication spool drawings. Isometrics are the most important drawings for installation contractors during the field portion of the project.

HOW TO READ A PIPING ISOMETRIC

A pipe into a isometric view, is always drawn by a single line. This single line is the centerline of the pipe, and from that line, the dimensions measured. So, not from the outside of a pipe or fitting. The image below shows a orthographic view of a butt welded pipe with three sizes (A, B, C). The A size is measured from the front to the center line of the elbow / pipe. The B size is measured from centerline to centerline. The C size is like the A size, measured from the front to the center line of the elbow / pipe.

Orthographic view (double line presentation)

Isometric view

The image on the left shows a isometric view of the same pipe as above. As you can see, this drawing is very simple and quick to implement. The red lines show the pipe, the black dots are the butt welds and A, B & C are the dimensions of front to center line and center line to center line. The simplicity with which a pipe isometric can be drawn is one reason to made iso's. A second reason to made isometrics; if a pipe should be drawn in several planes (north to south, then down and then to the west, etc.), orthographic views really not an option. In a orthographic view it is not a problem if the pipe runs in one plane, but when a pipe in two or three planes to be drawn, a orthographic view can be unclear. Another reason why isos are preferred, is the number of drawings that for orthographic views should be made. For example: for a complex pipeline system, 15 isometrics must be drawn. I've never tried, but I think for orthographic views maybe 50 drawings are needed to show the same as the isos.

ISOMETRIC VIEWS IN MORE THAN ONE PLANE

Below are some examples of isometric drawings. The auxiliary lines in the shape of a cube, ensure better visualization of the pipeline routing.

The drawing on the left shows a pipeline which runs through three planes. The pipe line begins and ends with a flange.

Routing starting point X

pipe runs to the east pipe runs up pipe runs to the north pipe runs to the west pipe runs down

The drawing on the left is almost identical to the drawing above. A different perspective is shown, and the pipe that comes from above is longer. Because this pipe in isometric view, runs behind the other pipe, this must be indicated by a break in the line.

Routing starting point X

pipe runs to the south pipe runs up pipe runs to the west pipe runs to the north pipe runs down

The drawing on the left shows a pipe that runs through three planes and in two planes it make a bow.

Routing starting point X

pipe runs to the south pipe runs up pipe runs up and to the west pipe runs up pipe runs to the west pipe runs to the north-west pipe runs to the north

The drawing on the left shows a pipe that runs through three planes, from one plane to a opposite plane.

Routing starting point X

pipe runs to the south pipe runs up pipe runs up and to the north-west pipe runs to the north

HATCHES ON A ISOMETRIC DRAWING

Hatches on isometric drawings being applied, to indicate that a pipe runs at a certain angle and in which direction the pipe runs. Sometimes, small changes in the hatch, the routing of a pipe is no longer the east, but for example suddenly to the north.

The drawing on the left shows a pipe, where the hatch indicates that the middle leg runs to the east.

Routing starting point X

pipe runs up pipe runs up and to the east pipe runs up

The drawing on the left shows a pipe, where the hatch indicates that the middle leg runs to the north.

Routing starting point X

pipe runs up pipe runs up and to the north pipe runs up The two drawings above show, that changing from only the hatch, a pipeline receives a different direction. Hatches are particularly important in isometric views.

The drawing on the left shows a pipe, where the hatches indicates that the middle leg runs up and to the north-west.

Routing starting point X

pipe runs up pipe runs up and to the north-west pipe runs to the north What is the elevation at point X
Reference points | Plot Plan & EQ Arragements | Piping Arrangement | Piping & Instr Diagram | Piping Isometrics |

Foreword - What are Engineering standards ?

Standards and Codes
Standards, codes, specifications are extremely important - often essential - technical documents in engineering and related technical fields.

Standards: a technical standard is an established norm or requirement. It is usually a formal

document that establishes uniform engineering or technical criteria, methods, processes and practices.

The documents prepared by a professional group or committee which are believed to be good and proper engineering practices and which contain mandatory requirement.

Codes: a code is a set of rules and specifications or systematic procedures for design, fabrication,
installation and inspection methods prepared in such a manner that it can be adopted by legal jurisdiction. Codes can be approved by local, state or federal governments and can carry the force of law. The main purpose of codes is to protect the public by setting up the minimum acceptable level of safety for buildings, products and processes.

Pipe Fabrication Institute

The Pipe Fabrication Institute (PFI) publishes advisory Engineering Standards (ES) and Technical Bulletins (TB) intended to serve the needs of the pipe-fabricating industry at the design level and in actual shop operations. The PFI standards contain minimum requirements; however, the designer or fabricator may consider specifying additional requirements beyond the scope of PFI publications. The use of PFI standards or bulletins is voluntary. A listing of PFI publications follows:

Engineering and Fabrication

ES2 - Method of Dimensioning Piping Assemblies ES7 - Minimum Length and Spacing for Welded Nozzles ES16 - Access Holes, Bosses, and Plugs for Radiographic Inspection of Pipe Welds ES26 - Welded Load Bearing Attachments to Pressure Retaining Piping Materials ES36 - Branch Reinforcement Work Sheets ES40 - Method of Dimensioning Grooved Piping Assemblies ES44 - Drafting Practices Standard ES1 - Internal Machining and Solid Machined Backing Rings For Circumferential Butt Welds ES21 - Internal Machining and Fit-up of GTAW Root Pass Circumferential Butt Welds ES24 - Pipe Bending Methods, Tolerances, Process and Material Requirements ES35 - Nonsymmetrical Bevels and Joint Configurations for Butt Welds ES45 - Recommended Practice for Local Post-Weld Heat Treatment ES47 - Welding of Internally Clad Piping ES49 - Guidelines for Installation of Integrally Reinforced Branch Connection Outlet Fitting ES5 - Cleaning of Fabricated Piping ES29 - Internal Abrasive Blast Cleaning of Ferritic Piping Materials ES31 - Standard for Protection of Ends of Fabricated Piping Assemblies ES34 - Temporary Painting/Coating of Fabricated Piping ES37 - Standard for Loading and Shipping of Piping Assemblies ES3 - Fabricating Tolerances ES11 - Permanent Marking on Piping Materials ES22 - Recommended Practice for Color Coding of Piping Materials ES32 - Tool Calibration ES39 - Fabricating Tolerances for Grooved Piping Systems ES41 - Standard for Material Control and Traceability of Piping Components ES43 - Standard for Protection of Austenitic Stainless Steel and Nickel Alloy Materials

Welding and Fabrication

Cleaning, Painting, and Shipping

Quality Control

Examination and Testing

ES4 - Hydrostatic Testing of Fabricated Piping ES20 - Wall Thickness Measurement by Ultrasonic Examination ES27 - "Visual Examination" The Purpose, Meaning and Limitation of the Term ES42 - Standard for Positive Material Identification of Piping Components using Portable X-Ray Emission Type Equipment ES48 - Random Examination

Example of Engineering Standard

On the right of this page you will find a link (ES) that opens a small menu. Through this menu you can open several pages that give you an example, how an Engineering Standard might look like. Remember, the shown ES only is an example !

ENGINEERING STANDARD Title: PIPING MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONStandard No.: Doc. No... Page : 1 of 15 Issue Date : December, 2011Approvals:SponsorManager, Stationary EquipmentDirector, Specialty EngineeringName:M.C. DonaldA. LincolnS. StalloneSignature:on org fileon org fileon org fileDate:2011-11-122011-11-122011-11-12

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page SCOPE 1.0 2.0 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 4.0 4.1 SCOPE CODES, STANDARDS AND REFERENCES GENERAL REQUIREMENTS Design Considerations Line Class Notes Item Descriptions SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS Pipe ....................... ....................... ....................... ....................... ....................... ....................... ....................... ....................... 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3

4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9

Fittings Flanges Branch Connections Gaskets Valves Assembly Details Testing and Examination Pressure/Temperature Limits

....................... ....................... ....................... ....................... ....................... ....................... ....................... .......................

3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

ATTACHMENTS 5.0 5.1 Abbreviations for Piping Specifications Valve Tag Numbering ....................... ....................... 4 5

ATTACHMENTS FIGURES Fig. 5.2 Fig. 5.2.1 Fig. 5.2.2 Fig. 5.2.3 Fig. 5.2.4 Fig. 5.2.5 Fig. 5.2.6 Fig. 5.2.7 Fig. 5.2.8 Fig. 5.2.9 Standard Installation Detail - Utility Station Special Fabricated Larger Diameter Reducers Four Weld 90 LR Miter Elbow Four Weld 45 LR Miter Elbow Perforated Temporary Conical Strainers T-Type Strainers Drip Rings Product Sampler Cooler Tolerances for Pipe Fabrication Marking of Line Blinds & Spectacle Blinds ....................... ....................... ....................... ....................... ....................... ....................... ....................... ....................... ....................... ....................... 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

1.0 SCOPE
1.1 This Standard contains the basic information for piping material and valve specifications.
The actual specifications are contained in Piping Material and Valve Specifications Manuals,

available in the "Client" Intranet system. The Piping Material and Valve Specifications are considered a part of this Standard and shall be used in conjunction with this Standard.

1.1.1 These specifications are intended to supplement the full technical requirements
defined in accordance with the "Client" Standards referenced below.

1.2 Where approvals are indicated in this Standard, this refers to "Client" or its designated
representative, hereinafter referred to as "Client".

1.3 Any discrepancy between this Standard and other contract or procurement documents
or specification, unless specifically indicated as an exception, shall be submitted by the Contractor/Manufacturer/Supplier to "Client" for a written ruling.

1.4 All measurements are expressed in U.S. Conventional System of Measurement, followed
by, in parenthesis, the equivalent SI units (metric). All SI units are for reference only and shall not be interpreted as a precise conversion.

1.5 Any proposed deviations from this Standard shall be submitted in writing to "Client" for
review and approval. It is the responsibility of the individual(s) who request deviation to submit a request form in a timely manner, and in accordance with "Client" Procedure SEP 107B, Preparation of Addenda to and Deviations from "Client" Engineering Standards.

2.0 CODES, STANDARDS AND REFERENCES

The latest editions of the following Codes and Standards in effect on the date of contract award shall be used.

2.1 "Client" Engineering Standards and Guidelines

Doc. No... Piping Doc. No... Flanges, Bolting and Gaskets Doc. No... Piping Stress Analysis and Pipe Supports Doc. No... Piping Layout Arrangement and Accessibility Doc. No... Valves Doc. No... Piping Systems for Gaseous Oxygen Service Doc. No... Valve Procurement Doc. No... Galvanizing Doc. No... Coatings for Buried Steel Pipe Doc. No... Welding of Pressure Vessels, Piping and Tankage Doc. No... Temperature Instrumentation Doc. No... Flange Bolt-Up Doc. No... Substitutes for Asbestos Based Gasketing Doc. No... Materials of Construction for Low Temperature Service

Doc. No... Materials of Construction (MOC) for General Services API 594 Wafer Check Valves API 600 Steel Gate Valves, Flanged or Buttwelding Ends API 602 Compact Carbon Steel Gate Valves API 607 Fire Test for Soft-Seated Quarter Turn Valves API 608 Metal Ball Valves API 609 Butterfly Valves, Lug Type and Wafer Type ASME B1.20.1 Pipe Threads, General Purpose (inch) ASME B16.5 Steel Pipe Flanges and Pipe Fittings ASME B16.9 Wrought Steel Buttweld Fittings ASME B16.10 Face-to-Face and End-to-End Dimensions Ferrous Valves ASME B16.11 Forged Steel Fittings Socketwelding and Threaded ASME B16.20 Metallic Gaskets for Pipe Flanges - Ring-Joint, Spiral Wound and Jacketed ASME B16.21 Nonmetallic Flat Gaskets for Pipe Flanges ASME B16.25 Buttwelding Ends ASME B16.34 Steel Valves - Flanged and Buttwelding Ends ASME B16.36 Orifice Flanges ASME B16.47 Large Diameter Steel Flanges ASME B16.48 Steel Line Blanks ASME B31.1 Power Piping ASME B31.3 Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping ASME B36.10M Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe ASME B36.19M Stainless Steel Pipe Boiler and Pressure Vessel Codes: Section I Power Boilers Section II Material Specifications Section VIII Pressure Vessels, Division 1

2.2 American Petroleum Institute (API)

2.3 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)

2.4 Manufacturer Standard Society Practice (MSS)

MSS SP-25 MSS Standard Marking System for Valves, Fittings, Flanges and Unions MSS SP-45 Bypass and Drain Connection Standard

2.5 Process Industry Practice (PIP)

PIP PNSM0001 Piping Line Class Designator System

3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

3.1 Design Considerations 3.1.1 Unless otherwise noted in the specifications, all pressures and temperatures referred
to shall be considered Design Conditions. Design Conditions shall be as defined in Doc. No....

3.1.2 Piping component wall thicknesses are based on pressure design thickness, taking into
account the specified corrosion allowance and any permitted manufacturer under tolerance. Piping component wall thickness does not include additional thickness that may be required to compensate for design considerations such as thermal loads due to restraints, live loads, hydraulic shock, loads on underground pipe, or loads or forces from other sources. Additional loads will need to be considered in the design of piping systems.

3.1.3 Unless otherwise indicated in the specifications, piping components are specified to be
adequate for the full flange rating of the pressure class.

3.2 Line Class Notes 3.2.1 Each pipe specification contains specific numbered notes (in parenthesis) that pertain
to one individual component or to a group of components, as well as a list of additional requirements that pertain to the entire specification.

3.2.2 Line class notes are provided in page 4 of this Standard. The information contained in
these notes shall be read and adhered to ensure compliance with the line class specification.

3.3 Item Descriptions 3.3.1 The item descriptions on the individual line class are abbreviated, and may be used for
purchasing the item with the exception of valves. Abbreviations are contained in page 4 of this Standard.

3.2.2 The complete purchase description for valves is contained in the valve specifications,
and shall be followed to ensure compliance with the pipe specifications.

4.0 SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS

4.1 Pipe 4.1.1 Welded pipe shall not be substituted for seamless pipe. Seamless pipe may be
substituted for welded pipe in all services, sizes and materials.

4.1.2 Where "CALC" is specified for piping material wall thickness, the wall thickness shall
be calculated in accordance with the applicable ASME B31 Code.

4.1.3 Stainless steel, electric fusion welded (EFW) pipe (ASTM A 358) may be substituted for
ASTM A 312 EFW pipe for sizes 14 in. NPS and above.

4.1.4 Carbon steel seamless pipe, ASTM A 106B, may be substituted for ASTM A 53B, Type
S, and seamless pipe in all sizes.

4.1.5 Where joint factors are specified for pipe, these factors shall be taken as minimum
values. Use of pipe with joint factors in excess of these values is acceptable. If pipe manufactured with a higher joint factor than listed on the specification is used, the minimum joint factor listed on the specification shall be used when calculating wall thicknesses of the pipe.

4.1.6 Double Submerged Arc Welded (DSAW) pipe shall be used for all EFW stainless steel
pipes. If DSAW pipe is not available, EFW pipe with a single butt joint having a joint factor of 0.80 shall be used for 8 in. NPS and smaller.

4.2 Fittings 4.2.1 Welded fittings shall not be substituted for seamless fittings. Seamless fittings may be
substituted for welded fittings in all services, sizes and materials.

4.2.2 Dimensions of all fittings shall be in accordance with the industry standard referenced
on the individual specification.

4.2.3 Buttweld fittings shall have a wall thickness to match the wall thickness of the
adjoining pipe. Fittings of commercially available wall thickness shall be used even though the fitting may have a slightly larger wall thickness than the adjoining pipe. The ends of the fitting shall be taper bored if the thickness of the fittings exceeds that of the pipe by more than 1/16 in. (1.6 mm). Taper boring shall not result in an infringement on the minimum wall thickness.

4.2.4 Long radius elbows are required for all buttweld elbows. Short radius elbows shall only
be used with "Client" approval.

4.2.5 Use of Lokring Fittings

LOKRING fittings are generally recognized in the industry as a robust pressure containing device that can be easily and quickly installed without a hot work permit. These features can be highly attractive when considering the installation cost. However, there is limited experience within "Client" on the overall long term performance for these fittings, so the potential for long term reliability and maintenance issues must be considered, such as inspection limitations and the potential for crevice corrosion, water freeze damage and stress corrosion cracking due to the inherent crevice between components and the high sealing stresses. For these reasons LOKRING fittings are considered an acceptable alternative for use in pipe specifications provided all the limitations described below have been met: 1. Must be approved for the intended service by the local jurisdiction or governing body for pressure equipment. (Note: ASME B31 proof testing requirements have been satisfied.)

2. The fittings are used in Category D (as defined in Doc. No...) or utility services as follows: Air, Water, Nitrogen (Outdoor Service Only) and Low pressure steam and condensate service with a maximum design pressure of 200 PSIG. 3. The applicable pipe specification allows the use of socket weld construction for the services described in item 2 above. 4. Installation shall be only for Carbon Steel piping systems up to 500F (260C) and Stainless Steel piping systems up to 120F (49C). 5. Sizes up to and including 3 in. NPS. 6. Manufacturer trained and certified personnel must perform the installation utilizing manufacturer approved tool kits and installation procedures. Consult LOKRING for guidance: www.lokring.com. 7. These fittings shall not be installed in piping systems which historically have shown susceptibility to crevice corrosion. 8. No installations shall be made in service applications with high pulsation or vibration forces. 9. No installation in any piping systems that require post weld heat treatment. 10. Fittings shall be grit blasted and painted in accordance to Doc. No.... 11. Fittings operating below 300F (149C) shall be sealed with a temperature resistant silicone caulking to prevent the ingress of water. 12. After installation, perform 100% visual inspection to verify the NOGO gage markings are indicating proper installation (marking partially covered), the fitting body protrudes from underneath the swage ring, and remaining gaps are acceptable per the LOKRING installation procedure.

4.3 Flanges 4.3.1 Dimensions and surface finishes of all flanges shall be in accordance with the industry
standard referenced on the individual specification.

4.3.2 Buttweld flanges shall have a wall thickness to match the wall thickness of the
adjoining pipe. Flanges of commercially available wall thickness shall be used even though the flange may have a slightly larger wall thickness than the adjoining pipe. The end of the flange shall be tapering bored if the thickness of the flange exceeds that of the pipe by more than 1/16 in. (1.6 mm). Taper boring shall not result in an infringement on the minimum wall thickness.

4.3.3 Orifice flanges shall be Class 300 minimum. Orifice flanges shall be ordered in pairs
and shall have Socketweld taps. Class 150 utility services, specifications PLC... and PLC..., may use threaded orifice taps.

4.3.4 When mating to cast iron flat-face flanges is required, a carbon steel flat-face flange
with a full-face gasket shall be used. Full-face gasket material shall be compatible with process stream and shall be in accordance with Doc. No... requirements.

4.3.5 When mating to cast steel flat-face flanges is required; a raised-face flange shall be
used. The gasket shall be of a type and material that meets the requirements of the piping specification.

4.3.6 Flanges installed in acid/caustic service (as defined in Doc. No...) or other hazardous
material shall be protected with a flange safety shield when a potential for exposure to personnel and/or equipment exists.

4.4 Branch Connections 4.4.1 ASME B16.9 welding tees shall be used when branch connections are size on size.
Reducing tees shall be used when the branch run is one nominal size less than the header run.

4.4.2 Except where indicated on the individual line classes, integrally reinforced branch
connections shall be used for branch runs NPS 8 and smaller.

4.4.3 Full area replacement shall be used for branch connections above NPS 8. The
reinforcing pad thickness shall equal the header thickness, and the reinforcing pad width shall equal 1/2 the outside diameter of the branch. The material of the reinforcing pad shall match the material of the header.

4.4.4 Reserved 4.4.5 If an economic incentive exists, the dimensions of the reinforcing pad may be
calculated in accordance with ASME B31.1 or ASME B31.3 as applicable. In this case, "Client" shall approve dimensions of reinforcing pads.

4.5 Gaskets 4.5.1 Gasket types shall be as indicated on the individual piping specification and shall
conform to the additional requirements of Doc. No....

4.5.2 Reserved 4.5.3 Inner rings are required on all spiral wounds PTFE filled gaskets. 4.5.4 Inner rings are required on all spiral wound graphite filled gaskets. 4.6 Valves 4.6.1 Valve tag numbers are listed on the individual piping material specification. The
individual valve specification sheet for the tag number and the requirements defined in Doc. No... shall be met to ensure compliance with the line class specification.

4.6.2 The basic valve design shall be in accordance with the referenced standard on the
valve specification sheet. Valves designed in accordance with API 600 may be substituted for ASME B16.34 valves.

4.6.3 The following Industry Codes/Standards apply to the specific design aspects of valves:
Pressure/Temperature Rating End-to-End Dimensions End Flange Dimensions and Surface Finish Socketweld/Threaded Ends Buttweld Ends Buttweld Ends Bore Size ASME B16.34 (Excluding API Class 800)API 602 ASME B16.10 ASME B16.5 (NPS 2 thru 24) ASME B16.47 (NPS 24 and above) ASME B16.11 ASME B16.25 ASME B36.10M ASME B36.19M

4.6.4 API trim numbers specified on non-API valves are for reference only. The trim number
defines the minimum requirements for valve trim.

4.6.5 Bonnet gaskets shall be as specified on the valve specification sheets. When PTFE
based gaskets are used; the gasket shall be fully confined on both the inner and outer diameter.

4.6.6 Class 150 gate valves with oval bonnet design that cannot fully contain a PTFE based
gasket shall use the manufacturer's standard metal bonnet gasket. The gasket shall meet the requirements defined in API 600, and shall be of metallurgy compatible with the intended fluid service.

4.6.7 Full port ball valves shall only be used with prior "Client" approval. 4.6.8 When both a lift check valve and a swing check valve are specified, the following
criteria shall apply: In carbon steel and low alloy services, the spring loaded lift check valve is the preferred type. Swing type check valves shall be used as an alternate. In stainless steel and higher alloy services, the swing check valve is the preferred type. Spring-loaded lift check valves shall be used as an alternate.

4.7 Assembly Details 4.7.1 Assembly details on individual specifications are for reference only. Branch
connections and block valves for take-offs shall be specified in the specification. The following requirements apply to the assembly details on the specifications.

4.7.2 Pipe nipples shall be fabricated from line class pipe. Length of pipe nipple shall be
adequate to clear insulation.

4.7.3 When a threaded x socket weld valve is specified for assembly details, the valves shall
be welded to the pipe nipple. A line class threaded plug shall be used for plugging threaded and threaded socket weld vent and drain valves.

4.7.4 When a flanged valve is specified for assembly details, a line class flange shall be used
on the pipe nipple for mating. A line class blind flange and gasket shall be used for plugging flanged end vent and drain valves.

4.7.5 Valved vent shall be provided at every high point. 4.7.6 All underground piping shall be coated and wrapped in accordance with Doc. No.... 4.7.7 Flange bolt up shall be per Doc. No..... 4.8 Testing and Examination 4.8.1 Unless otherwise specified on the individual line class specification, all non-destructive
examination shall be in accordance with Doc. No....

4.8.2 Radiography, as required for special service piping and non-ferrous materials, shall be
in accordance with ASME B31.3 and Doc. No....

4.9 Pressure/Temperature Limits 4.9.1 Pressure/temperature limits are based on ASME B16.5. Maximum and minimum
temperatures shall be in accordance with Doc. No....

4.9.2 Stainless steel specified as Dual Marked/Dual Certified (i.e., 304/304L, 316/316L) may
be used at the pressure/temperature rating and the allowable stress of the straight grade stainless steel through 800F (427C). Use of this material specification is limited to 800F (427C).

4.9.3 For piping systems not designed and installed per these specifications, the use of the
higher pressure/temperature rating and allowable stress for dual marked stainless steel is not permitted.

4.9.4 The use of stainless steel marked and certified to only one grade of stainless steel is
permitted at the pressure/temperature rating and allowable stress of the grade marked on the piping components.

4.9.5 Actual pressure or temperature limits for specifications may be reduced due to
limitations on individual components such as pipe wall thickness, gasket materials or valve internals. Individual specification shall be consulted to determine any limiting components for a specification.

4.9.6 For specifications where the valve's material is not the same as the flange material,
the pressure/temperature rating shall be based on the component with the lower pressure/temperature rating.

4.10 Miscellaneous Components 4.10.1 See page 5 for steam trap detail installation, page 11 for strainers and page 15 for
spectacle blinds.

.10.2 Flexible components such as metallic hoses shall only be used in accordance with
plant specific requirements and procedures. As a minimum, the temperature rating and pressure class of the metallic hose shall meet the applicable pipe specification pressure and temperature rating. Written engineering approval is required for plant sites without applicable procedures.

Abbreviations for Piping Specifications

API ASME ASTM BE

American Petroleum Institute

JF LJ LR LGTH

Joint Factor

American Society of Mechanical Engineers

Lap Joint

American Society for Testing & Materials

Long Radius

Beveled Ends

Length Integrally Reinforced

BGO

Beveled Gear Operator

Lateral Branch

LOL

Connection ( e.g.: laterolet ) Material

BHN BLD BW

Brinnel Hardness Number

MATL MFG MI

Blind

Manufacturer

Butt Weld

Malleable Iron

CI CL CPLG CPVC CR CS CONC CONN DEG DI DIA DIM DSA W

Cast Iron

MIN MO MSS NIPP NPS PE PIP PROJ PTFE R RF RTJ

Minimum

Class

Molybdenum Manufacturer

Coupling

Standardization Society Nipple

Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride

Chrome

Nominal Pipe Size

Carbon Steel

Plain Ends

Concentric

Process Industry Practice

Connection

Projection

Degree

PolyTertaFluorEthylene

Ductile Iron

Radius

Diameter

Raised Face

Dimension

Ring Type Joint

Double Submerged Arc Welded

SW

Socket Weld

DWG EA ECC

Drawing

SCH SCRD SMLS

Schedule

Each

Screwed

Eccentric

Seamless Integrally Reinforced

EFW

Electric Fusion Welded

Socketweld Branch

SOL

Connection ( e.g.: sockolet ) Short Radius

ELL OL ERW FF FIG FLG FLGD FRP FS

Elbow Integrally Reinforced Elbow Branch Connection ( e.g.: elbolet ) Electric Resistance Welded

SR SS STD

Stainless Steel

Standard

Flat Face

Figure

T&C TFE THK THRD TOL

Threaded & Coupled

Flange

TetraFluorEthylene

Flanged

Thickness

Fiberglass Reinforced Pipe

Threaded Integrally Reinforced

Forged Steel

Threaded Branch Connection

GALV GJ GR GO HAST HEX HORI Z INSU L

Galvanized

Threaded x Socket

TSW TYP VA VERT WLD WN

Weld

Ground Joint

Typical

Grade

Valve

Gear Operated

Vertical

Hastelloy

Weleded

Hexagonal

Weld Neck

Horizontal

Integrally Reinforced

WOL

Buttweld Branch

Insulation

WT

Wall Thickness

Valve Tag Numbering

A - Ductile B - Hastelloy B C - Carbon Steel D - Chrome Moly E - 316 Stainless Steel 0 - Class 1500 1 - Class 150 2 - Class 2500 3 - Class 300 40 - Threaded 1 - Socketweld 2 - Flanged, Raised Face 3 - Flanged, Flat Face 4 - Flanged, Ring Type Joint

F - 316L Stainless Steel G - Cast Iron H - 304 Stainless Steel I - 304L Stainless Steel J - PVC KL - PTFE Lined M - Monel N - Hastelloy C OPQRS - 321 Stainless Steel TUVW - Alloy 20 X - FRP YZ-

56 - Class 600 78 - API Class 800 9 - Class 900 20 - Class 2000 30 - Class 3000 40 - Class 4000 60 - Class 6000 Valve Types 0 - Gate 1 - Globe 2 - Swing Check 3 - Wafer Check 4 - Plug 5 - Ball 6 - Butterfly 7 - Lift Check (Ball or Piston) 8 - Knife Gate 9 - Diaphragm

5 - Buttweld, Bore to Match Pipe 6 - Threaded x Socketweld

7 - Integral Male Socketweld x Female Threaded 8 - Hub Connector - Grayloc 9 - Buttweld x Hub end

Tag Number shall be: V-Material Code / Pressure Class / Type / Ends / Two Digit Sequence Example: V-C80100 (V) Valve (C) Carbon Steel (8) Class 800 (0) Gate Valve (1) Socket Weld (00) and the first of this type in sequence.

All valve sequence numbers shall start at 00 and number ascending through 99.

Standard Installation Detail - Utility Station

Coupling legend
Steam: Type GB-8-3/4" Female NPT end or approved equal Water: Type AM-8-3/4" Female NPT end or approved equal Air: Type AM-8-3/4" Female NPT end or approved equal Nitrogen: Type GJ-50-3/4" Male NPT end or approved equal

Type A B C D

Notes 1. Pipe, valves, flanges and fittings ro conform with piping spec. 1.... 2. Use close nipples where 3" nipples cause excessive dimensions 3. Hose racks are required for all utility stations 4. Service designation tags required for each line 5. Surface preparation shall be per Doc. No... 6. Insulation shall be per Doc. No... 7. All branch connections are from top of header

Special Fabricated Larger Diameter Reducers

Reducer O.D. 26 x 24 26 x 22 26 x 20 26 x 18 26 x 16

A 24 24 24 24 24

B 1 2 3 4 5

Reducer O.D. 40 x 32 40 x 30

A 24 24 24 24 24

B 4 5 6 1 2

Reducer O.D. 52 x 46 54 x 52 54 x 50 54 x 48 54 x 46

A 30 30 30 30 30

B 8 1 2 3 4

Reducer O.D. 66 x 60 66 x 54 66 x 48 66 x 42 68 x 64

A 36 36 36 36 36

B 3 6 9 12 2

* 40 x 28
42 x 40 42 x 38

28 x 26 28 x 24

24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24

1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 1 2

42 x 36 42 x 34 42 x 32 42 x 30 44 x 42 44 x 40 44 x 38 44 x 36

24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 28 28 28 28 24 24 28 28 28 28 24 24 24

3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 1

54 x 44 54 x 42 54 x 38 54 x 36 54 x 34 54 x 32 54 x 30 56 x 54 56 x 52 56 x 50 56 x 48 56 x 46 56 x 44 56 x 42 58 x 56 58 x 54 58 x 52 58 x 48 58 x 44 58 x 42 60 x 56 60 x 54 60 x 52

30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30

5 6 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 5 7 8 2 3 4

68 x 60 68 x 54 68 x 48 68 x 42 70 x 66 70 x 60 70 x 54 70 x 48 70 x 42 72 x 66 72 x 60 72 x 54 72 x 48 72 x 42 78 x 72 78 x 66 78 x 60 78 x 54 78 x 48 84 x 78 84 x 72 84 x 66 84 x 60

36 36 36 36 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48

4 7 10 13 2 5 8 11 14 3 6 9 12 15 3 6 9 12 15 3 6 9 12

* 28 x 22
28 x 20 28 x 18 30 x 28 30 x 26 30 x 24

* 30 x 22
30 x 20 32 x 30 32 x 28 32 x 26 32 x 24

* 44 x 34 * 44 x 32
46 x 44 46 x 42 46 x 40 46 x 38

* 32 x 22 * 32 x 20
34 x 32 34 x 30

* 46 x 36 * 46 x 34
48 x 46 48 x 44 48 x 42 48 x 40

* 34 x 28
34 x 26 34 x 24 36 x 34 36 x 32

* 48 x 38 * 48 x 36
50 x 48

36 x 30

24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 Notes:

3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3

50 x 46 50 x 44 50 x 42 50 x 40 50 x 38 50 x 36 52 x 44 52 x 42 52 x 40 52 x 38 52 x 36 52 x 50 52 x 48

24 24 24 24 24 24 30 30 30 30 30 30 30

2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

60 x 48 60 x 42 62 x 58 62 x 54 62 x 52 62 x 48 62 x 44 64 x 60 64 x 56 64 x 54 64 x 52 64 x 48 64 x 42

30 30 30 30 30 30 30 36 36 36 36 36 36

6 9 2 4 5 7 9 2 4 5 6 8 11

84 x 54 84 x 48 90 x 84 90 x 78 90 x 72 90 x 66 90 x 60 96 x 90 96 x 84 96 x 78 96 x 72 96 x 66

48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48

15 18 3 6 9 12 15 3 6 9 12 15

* 36 x 28
36 x 26 36 x 24 38 x 36 38 x 34 38 x 32 38 x 30 38 x 28 38 x 26 40 x 38 40 x 36 40 x 34

1. All dimensions are given in Inches. 2. These reducers are to be used only when authorized by the piping spec's for the job. 3. Material shall be as specified in the job piping materials specification class. 4. Welding shall be in accordance with the job specifications. 5. Alloy material;s over 1/8" thk. and carbon steel materials 3/16" thk. and over shall have ends beveled for welding in accordance with ASME B16.25 standard. 6. Reducers marked with asterisk (

* ) and 50" and higher are not ASME B16.9.

Four Weld 90 Long Radius Miter Elbow

NOM. DIA 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56

A Min. 42w" 44s" 47r" 49f" 52i" 55w" 57s" 60r" 62f" 65i" 68w" 70s" 73r" 75f"

R Radius 45" 48" 51" 54" 57" 60" 63" 66" 69" 72" 75" 78" 81" 84"

S Inches 17p" 18s" 19f" 21w" 22r" 23i" 24p" 25s" 27" 28i" 29r" 30i" 31p" 32f"

8r"

9p"

10f"

58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 78 84 86 Notes:

78i" 81w" 83s" 86y" 88f" 91i" 94w" 96s" 104i" 112y" 115"

87" 90" 93" 96" 99" 102" 105" 108" 117" 126" 129"

34" 35w" 36y" 37i" 38p" 39f" 41" 42r" 45s" 49i" 50y" 15r"

1. All dimensions are given in Inches. 2. Welding shall be in accordance with the job specifications. 3. These Miter elbows are to be used when authorized by the piping spec's. 4. Use "A" dimension only where necessary to meet close clearance requirements or when connecting to flange or fitting. 5. Material shall be as specified in the job piping materials specification class. 6. "M" dimension does not include taper bore length. 7. The "M" dimension must be calculated for Miter elbows other than 78", 54", 48" and 42".

Perforated Temporary Conical Strainers

T-Type Strainers

Drip Rings

NPS

A
1 1/8 1 5/8 2 1/8 2 1/2 3 1/8 4 1/8 6 1/8 8 10 1/8 12

B
150# 300# 2 3/4 3 5/8 4 1/4 5 5 3/4 7 9 3/4 12 14 1/8 16 1/2 600# 2 3/4 3 5/8 4 1/4 5 5 3/4 7 1/2 10 3/8 12 1/2 15 5/8 17 3/4 900# 3 3 3/4 5 1/2 6 3/8 6 1/2 8 11 1/4 14 17 19 3/8 1500# 3 3 3/4 5 1/2 6 3/8 6 3/4 8 1/8 11 13 3/4 17 20 1/4

1 1 1/2 2 2 1/2 3 4 6 8 10 12

2 1/2 3 1/4 4 4 3/4 5 1/4 6 3/4 8 5/8 10 1/4 13 1/4 16

NOTES 1. Drip ring material in accordance with pipe specification 2. Finish of gasket surface shall be machined. (150%-300% / 250-500 AARH), (600%1500% / 100-250 AARH)

Product Sampler Cooler

ITEM 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 NOTES

QTY 1 1 2 1 3 1 1 1 1

UNIT EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA EA

DESCRIPTION 10" PIPE SCH 30 STRIP 2" x 3/8" - L = 1 3/16" 1/4" ELBOW 90DEG 3000 NPT STRIP 2" x 3/8" - L = 2 3/4" 3/4" H. COUPLING 3000 NPT COIL 1/4" PIPE SCH 80S BOTTOM PLATE 10" x 3/8" BASE PLATE 3" PIPE SCH 40

MATERIAL (NOTE 2) A53-B A285-C A182 F316L A285-C A105 A312 TP316L A285-C A285-C A53-B

1. Elbow to coil pipe connection to be seal welded 2. other materials as per applicable pipe specification

Tolerances for Pipe Fabrication

Line Blinds NPS 1/2 - NPS 24

Notes 1. Nominal size and class shall be stamped as indicated on plate 2. Edges of test blancs shall be free from rough burn finish and burrs

Line Blinds NPS 26 - NPS 60

Notes 1. Nominal size and class shall be stamped as indicated on plate 2. Edges of test blancs shall be free from rough burn finish and burrs

Spectacle Blinds NPS 1/2 - NPS 24

ASME B16.48 was used as the basis for calculating the blind thicknesses listed in this table. Common ASTM Materials of Construction: Carbon Steel - A515 Gr. 70, 65 & 60; A516 Gr. 70, 65 & 60. Stainless Steel - A240 Gr. 316, 316L, 304 & 304L. Reference Table 1A in ASME B16.5 for a list of other acceptable plate material specifications for each different material group.

PIPE SPECIFICATIONS AND PIPING LINE CLASSES

The purpose of a pipe specification is to provide standards for pipe, fittings, flanges, valves, etc. suitable in conveying gas, water, oil and other liquids and products. In the oil, gas, chemical and other industries, the therm "pipe spec" is the common name. Pipe spec's are technical standards and formal documents, where uniform engineering or technical criteria, methods, processes and practices are described. In petro and chemical industries, hundreds of pipe spec's are used, each for a specific product and or process. A pipe specification includes many different documents. There are spec's for the various piping materials (Carbon Steel, Stainless Steel and the many other exotics), the various pressure and temperature classes, etc.. Therefore a pipe spec is divided into so-called Piping Line Class (PLC) documents. A PLC document tells you exactly which materials for a pipe system must to be used. For example: a line must be partially replaced, and you want to order new material. The PLC document explains that you need to use Carbon steel pipe with a wall thickness XS to NPS 1 1 / 2, and above with a wall thickness STD. Usually this also applies to the butt weld fittings. Furthermore, the doc tells you the pressure rating of the flanges, which gasket must be placed between the flanges and which bolts must be used. In the doc are also links to other standards, such as testing, welding, inspection, painting and so on. You will also find a so-called Branch Table, which tells you how a branch is to be made.

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 SCOPE
A. This specification covers carbon steel piping for general non-corrosive gas and liquid process service. B. Design limits based on ASME B16.42 Class 150 ductile iron valves & on wermac's temperature limit on PTFE in gaskets. C. Corrosion Allowance: 0.0625 inch.

Maximum Pressure Sizes NPS

psig kPag barG F

Design Temperature
C

250 1/2 - 24 235 215 205

1724 1621 1483 1414

17.2 16.2 14.8 14.1

-20 to +100 200 300 350

-29 to +38 93 149 177

1.2 RELATED DOCUMENTS

A. Specification Doc. No..., "Piping, General Notes" B. Specification Doc. No..., "Piping, General Fabrication" C. Specification Doc. No..., "Piping, General Installation" D. Specification Doc. No..., "Piping, General Testing" E. Specification Doc. No..., "Piping, General Welding" F. Specification Doc. No..., "Piping, Carbon Steel Welding" G. Specification Doc. No..., "Pipe Weld Inspection and Testing" H. Specification Doc. No..., "Piping, General Cleaning" I. Standard Details Doc. No..., Doc. No..., Doc. No...,Doc. No...

1.3 REFERENCES
1.3.1 American Petroleum Institute (API) 1. API 594 Wafer Check Valves 2. API 600 Steel Gate Valves, Flanged or Buttwelding Ends 3. API 602 Compact Carbon Steel Gate Valves 4. API 607 Fire Test for Soft-Seated Quarter Turn Valves 5. API 608 Metal Ball Valves

6. API 609 Butterfly Valves, Lug Type and Wafer Type 1.3.2 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) 1. ASME B31.3 Process Piping 2. ASME B1.20.1 Pipe Threads, General Purpose (inch) 3. ASME B16.5 Steel Pipe Flanges and Pipe Fittings 4. ASME B16.9 Wrought Steel Buttweld Fittings 5. ASME B16.10 Face-to-Face and End-to-End Dimensions Ferrous Valves 6. ASME B16.11 Forged Steel Fittings Socketwelding and Threaded 7. ASME B16.21 Nonmetallic Flat Gaskets for Pipe Flanges 8. ASME B16.25 Buttwelding Ends 9. ASME B16.34 Steel Valves - Flanged and Buttwelding Ends 10. ASME B16.36 Orifice Flanges 11. ASME B16.48 Steel Line Blanks 12. ASME B31.1 Power Piping 13. ASME B31.3 Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping 14. ASME B36.10M Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe 1.3.3 Manufacturer Standard Society Practice (MSS) 1. MSS SP-25 MSS Standard Marking System for Valves, Fittings, Flanges and Unions 2. MSS SP-79 Socket-Welding Reducer Inserts 3. MSS SP-83 Class 3000 Steel Pipe Unions, Socket Welding and Threaded 4. MSS SP-95 Swage(d) Nipples and Bull Plugs 5. MSS SP-97 Integrally Reinforced Forged Branch Outlet Fittings - Socket Welding, Threaded and Buttwelding Ends 1.3.4 Process Industry Practice (PIP) 1. PIP PNSM0001 Piping Line Class Designator System

PART 2 PRODUCTS
ITEM, NPS DESCRIPTION
Pipe: 1/2 - 2 2 1/2 -10 ASTM A106-B CS SMLS PE XS/80 ASTM A53-B TYPE-E CS ERW BE STD/40 02 201322 203270

NOTE CODE

12 - 24 Fittings: 1/2 - 2 1/2 - 2 1/2 - 2 1/2 - 2 1/2 - 2 1/2 - 2 1/2 - 2 1/2 - 2 1/2 - 2 2 1/2 - 24 2 1/2 - 24 2 1/2 - 24 2 1/2 - 24 2 1/2 - 24 2 1/2 - 24 2 1/2 - 24 2 1/2 - 24 O'lets: 1/2 - 2 1/2 - 2

ASTM A53-B TYPE-E CS ERW BE STD/0.375

203270

CAP ASTM A105 CS 3000 SW ASME B16.11 COUPLING ASTM A105 CS 3000 SW ASME B16.11 COUPLING RED ASTM A105 CS 3000 SW ASME B16.11 ELL 45 ASTM A105 CS 3000 SW ASME B16.11 ELL 90 ASTM A105 CS 3000 SW ASME B16.11 INSERT SW RED ASTM A105 CS 3000 MSS SP-79 TEE ASTM A105 CS 3000 SW ASME B16.11 RED TEE ASTM A105 CS 3000 SW ASME B16.11 UNION ASTM A105 CS 3000 SW MSS SP-83 CAP ASTM A234-WPB CS BW STD ASME B16.9 ELL 45 ASTM A234-WPB CS BW STD ASME B16.9 ELL 90 LR ASTM A234-WPB CS BW STD ASME B16.9 ELL 90 SR ASTM A234-WPB CS BW STD ASME B16.28 RED CONC ASTM A234-WPB CS BW STD ASME B16.9 RED ECC ASTM A234-WPB CS BW STD ASME B16.9 TEE ASTM A234-WPB CS BW STD ASME B16.9 TEE RED ASTM A234-WPB CS BW STD ASME B16.9

206799 207497 203384 203385 207091 203383 207008 203386 207007 203343 203344 203345 203346 203347 203348 203349 205300

ELBOLET ASTM A105 CS 3000 SW MSS SP-97 LATROLET ASTM A105 CS 3000 SW MSS SP-97

205512 -

1/2 - 2 2 1/2 -6

SOCKOLET ASTM A105 CS 3000 SW MSS SP-97 WELDOLET ASTM A105 CS BW STD MSS SP-97

203425 203405

Swages, Nipples, Threaded Items: 1/2 - 1 1/2 - 1 1/2 - 4 1/2 - 3 1/2 - 2 NIPPLE PIPE TBE NPT ASTM A106-B CS XS NIPPLE PIPE POE-TOE NPT ASTM A106-B CS XS SWAGE NIPPLE CONC ASTM A234 WPB CS XS BLE-PSE MSS SP-95 SWAGE NIPPLE CONC ASTM A234-WPB CS BBE XS MSS SP-95 SWAGE NIPPLE ECC ASTM A234-WPB CS BBE XS MSS SP-95 05 200151 203433 207151 203435 205515

Fittings - Threaded: 1/2 - 2 1/2 - 2 1/2 - 1 1/2 - 2 1/2 - 2 1/2 - 2 1/2 - 2 1/2 - 2 1/2 - 2 1/2 - 2 1/2 - 2 1/2 - 2 1/2 - 2 BUSHING ASTM A105 CS NPT HEX ASME B16.11 CAP ASTM A105 CS 3000 NPT ASME B16.11 COUPLET (VOGT) ASTM A105 CS 6000 NPT COUPLING ASTM A105 CS 3000 NPT ASME B16.11 COUPLING RED ASTM A105 CS 3000 NPT ASME B16.11 CROSS ASTM A105 CS 2000 NPT ASME B16.11 ELL 45 ASTM A105 CS 2000 NPT ASME B16.11 ELL 90 ASTM A105 CS 2000 NPT ASME B16.11 PLUG ASTM A105 CS 3000 NPT HEX HD ASME B16.11 TEE ASTM A105 CS 2000 NPT ASME B16.11 TEE RED ASTM A105 CS 3000 NPT ASME B16.11 THREDOLET ASTM A105 CS 3000 NPT MSS SP-97 UNION ASTM A105 CS 3000 NPT MSS SP-83 05 05 05 05 05 203362 200147 206998 203363 203364

05, 06 05, 06 203366 05, 06 203367 05 203371

05, 06 203370 05 05 05 203431 203422 203372

Flanges: 1/2 - 24 1/2 - 24 1-2 2 1/2 - 6 BLIND ASTM A105 CS ASME B16.5-150 RF FLANGE SO ASTM A105 CS ASME B16.5-150 RF FLANGE ORIFICE WN ASTM A105 CS ASME B16.36-300 RF XS FLANGE ORIFICE WN ASTM A105 CS ASME B16.36-300 RF STD 200153 200158 206424 206425

Flanges, Alternates: 1/2 - 2 1/2 - 2 2 1/2 - 24 Gaskets: FLAT RING ASME B16.5-150 F-PTFE 1/16 THK, ASME B16.21 TABLE 4 FLAT RING ASME B16.5-300 F-PTFE 1/16 THK, ASME B16.21 TABLE 5 FLANGE THREAD NPT ASTM A105 CS ASME B16.5-150 RF FLANGE SW ASTM A105 CS ASME B16.5-150 RF FLANGE WN ASTM A105 CS ASME B16.5-150 RF STD 03 05 200155 205382

1/2 - 24

205867

1-6

205815

Bolting: STUD ASTM A193-B7 STL NUT HEAVY HEX ASTM A194-2H STL 200021 200029

Miscellaneous: 1/2 - 24 2 - 24 1/2 - 2 1 - 12 SPACER LINE ASTM A516-70 CS 150 RF STRAINER TEMPORARY CONICAL CS 150 RF Y-STRAINER ASTM A105 CS 600 NPT SS SCREEN Y-STRAINER ASTM A216-WCB CS ASME B16.5-150 RF 14 18 05 205415 205516 205892

ITEM, NPS
Valves:

DESCRIPTION

NOTE

1/2 - 2

BALL ASTM A216-WCB CS 1000 SW 316 SS BALL FULL PORT 3-PC R-PTFE SEATS

23, 32 34

1/2 - 6

BALL ASTM A216 STL 150 RF PTFE SEATS, GRAPH PKG, Grounded BUTTERFLY LUG ASTM A216-WCB CS 150 RF, NPS 10 & >GEAR PTFE SEATS & SEALS CHECK H-LIFT ASTM A105 CS 800 SW GRAPH CHECK SWING ASTM A216-WCB CS 150 RF CHECK WAFER ASTM A216-WCB CS 150 W/ SPRING GATE ASTM A105 CS 800 SW CR TR GRAPH GATE ASTM A216-WCB CS 150 BW STD HF NPS 14 & >GEAR GRAPH GATE ASTM A216-WCB CS 150 RF HF NPS 14 & >GEAR GRAPH GLOBE ASTM A105 CS 800 SW HF GRAPH GLOBE ASTM A216-WCB CS 150 RF HF GRAPH GLOBE ASTM A216-WCB CS 300 BW STD GRAPH GLOBE 3-PORT ASTM A216-WCB CS 150 RF GRAPH PLUG CI 150 RUBBER LINED ECCENTRIC PLUG LIMIT TO 180F PLUG DUCTILE IRON 150 RF PTFE SLEEVE PLUG (LOW EMISSION) D-IRON PTFE SLEEVE 150 RF 24 36 33 34 35 24 34

3 - 14

31

1/2 - 2 2 1/2 - 12 6 - 14 1/2 - 2 3 - 14 1/2 - 14 1/2 - 2 3 - 12 3-6 1-6 3 - 10 1/2 - 6 1/2 - 8

22, 34

NOTES:
02 - Pipe Bending shall be used ONLY where specified on the drawings or where approved in writing by the wermac project engineer.

03 - Specify WN flanges adjacent to welded fittings and/or butterfly valves as alternates only. 05 - Threaded joints are permitted only at terminal of vent, drain, and hydrostatic test connections, and at instrument take-off points, and to match equipment. 06 - wermac's TED site preference, class 2000 threaded FS fittings are made only in 45 and 90 elbows, tees, and crosses. The class 2000 fittings are rated same as sch XS/80 (max) threaded pipe. Class 3000 fittings found in existing lines may be replaced by class 2000. 14 - Line blinds, spacers, restricting orifices, and spectacle blinds shall be per Standard Details Doc. No...01 thru 04. 18 - Conical Strainer to be used as temporary start-up strainer at pumps. 20 - Thread sealant to be used on all thread joints except if seal welding is used. Refer to Specification Doc. No.... 22 - These valves have no flanges but are installed between line flanges with extra length bolts. 23 - Cast valves used in "critical service" or "very critical" service should be considered for radiographic inspection. 24 - BW gate or globe is for alternate use. 25 - Reducing fittings that have ends of different thickness must show thickness (e.g., Conc. Red - SCH XS x SCH STD). 31 - Butterfly valves NPS 6 & smaller w/ handle; NPS 8 & larger w/ gear operator. Do not use above 177C service. 32 - Intended for orifice taps only. 33 - Doc. No... for slurry service. 34 - Valves with PTFE may be chosen for use in the OXO reactor loop piping. 35 - Valve Index 180 is alternate for 180K. 36 - May be used for relief valve changeover.

PART 3 EXECUTION
3.1 Piping, General Notes
See Specification Doc. No...

3.2 Assembly Details

Following are recommended vent/drain and instrument connections. Other connections may be shown on design:

HDR SIZE

DESCRIPTION

Vent & Drain Connection Assemblies (Standard Details Doc. No...): 1/2 3/4 1-2 2 1/2 - 6 8 - 24 1/2 3/4 1-2 2 1/2 - 6 8 - 24 UNVALVED VENT/DRAIN 1/2 SW TEE FLG UNVALVED VENT/DRAIN 3/4 SW TEE FLG UNVALVED VENT/DRAIN SW TEE/INS 3/4 FLG UNVALVED VENT/DRAIN 3/4 SOL FLG UNVALVED VENT/DRAIN 1 SOL FLG VALVED VENT/DRAIN 1/2 SW TEE 1/2 GATE VALVED VENT/DRAIN 3/4 SW TEE 3/4 GATE VALVE VALVED VENT/DRAIN SW TEE/INS 3/4 GATE VALVE VALVED VENT/DRAIN 3/4 SOL GATE VALVE VALVED VENT/DRAIN 1 SOL GATE VALVE

Pressure Connection Assemblies (Standard Details Doc. No...): 1/2 3/4 1-2 2 1/2 - 24 PRESSURE CONN 1/2 SW TEE GATE COUPLET PRESSURE CONN 3/4 SW TEE GATE COUPLET PRESSURE CONN SW TEE/INS 3/4 GATE COUPLET PRESSURE CONN SOL 3/4 GATE COUPLET

Temperature Connection Assemblies (Standard Details Doc. No...):

1/2 - 1 1 1/2 2 2 1/2 - 24 2 1/2 - 24

TEMPERATURE CONN 1-1/2 SW TEE/INSERT FLANGE TEMPERATURE CONN 1-1/2 SW TEE FLANGE TEMPERATURE CONN 2" SW TEE/INS 1-1/2 FLANGE TEMPERATURE CONN 1-1/2 SW ELBOLET FLANGE TEMPERATURE CONN 1-1/2 SOL 1-1/2 FLANGE

Orifice Tap Connection Assemblies (Standard Details Doc. No...): 2-4 6 - 24 ORIFICE FLANGES 1/2 SW BALL VALVES ORIFICE VENA TAPS 1/2 SW BALL VALVES

3.3 FABRICATION
A. See Specification Doc. No..., "Piping, General Fabrication," Specification Doc. No..., "Piping, General Welding," Specification Doc. No..., "Piping, Carbon Steel Welding," and Specification Doc. No..., "Pipe Weld Inspection & Testing."

3.4 INSTALLATION
A. See Specification Doc. No..., "Piping, General Installation"

3.5 TESTING
A. See Specification Doc. No..., "Piping, General Testing" B. Vacuum Piping System: Apply Pneumatic Leak Test with internal pressure at 1.5 times the maximum operating external pressure, or minimum 15 psig (103 kPag, 1.03 bar-g, 1.06 kgf/cm2) C. Category D Piping System: Apply Initial Service Leak Test D. Normal Service Piping System: Apply standard Hydrostatic Leak Test. E. Category M Piping System: Apply both a standard Hydrostatic Leak Test & a Sensitive Leak Test with helium tracer gas. F. Maximum Hydrostatic Test Pressure: 413 psig (2848 kPag, 28.4 bar-g, 29.0 kgf/cm2)

3.6 CLEANING
A. See Specification Doc. No..., "Piping, General Cleaning"

90 DEGREE BRANCH TABLE

1/2

3/4

CONNECTION TYPE
T

H E A D E R S I Z E

1 1/2

N P S

10

12

14

16

18

20

24

1/2 3/4

1 1/2

10

12

14

16

18

20

24

Branch Sizes D = TEE & REDUCER S = SOCKOLET V = SW TEE W/ INSERT E = REDUCING TEE T = TEE W = WELDOLET P = REINFORCING PAD U = UNREINF. STUB-IN

NPS

D or V may be substituted by E. S or W may be substituted by P (minimum pad width = 1"). P = Reinforcing pad with min. thick. equal to header thick., and width equal to 1/2 of the branch nominal pipe size. Drill 1/8" (3mm) diameter hole in each pad section for venting (a weld gap is acceptable as a means of venting).