Atomic structure

Atomic structure
1. The fundamental particles present in the nucleus of an atom are (a) Alpha particles and electrons (c) Neutrons and electrons 2. 3. 4. 5. Cathode rays were discovered by (a) William Crookes Cathode rays are (a) Protons Cathode rays have (a) Mass only Cathode rays are made up of (a) Positively charged particles (c) Neutral particles 6. 7. 8. (a) 76 cm of Hg Cathode-ray tube is used in (a) Compound microscope (b) A ratio receiver (c) A television set (d) A Van de Graff generator Which of the following statement is not correct regarding cathode rays (a) Cathode rays originate from the cathode (b) Charge and mass of the particles constituting cathode rays depends upon the nature of the gas (c) Charge and mass of the particles present does not depend upon the material of the cathode (d) The ratio charge/mass of the particles is much greater than that of anode rays 9. Which one is not true for the cathode rays (a) They have kinetic energy (c) They travel in straight line 10. 11. 12. The electron is (a) -rays particle The charge on an electron is (a) 4.8 10 10 esu Mass of an electron is (a) 9.1 10 28 g 13. 14. (a) Photon Density of the electron is (a) 15.
2.17 10 17 g / mL
[CPMT 1983, 84]

(b) Neutrons and protons (d) Electrons, neutrons and protons

(b) J. Stoney (b) Electrons (b) Charge only

(c) Rutherford (c) Neutrons (c) No mass and charge (b) Negatively charged particles (d) None of these

(d) None of these

[JIPMER 1991; NCERT 1976]

(d) -particles
[CPMT 1982]

(d) Mass and charge both

[AMU 1983]

Cathode rays are produced when the pressure in the discharge tube is of the order of (b) 10 6 cm of Hg (c) 1 cm of Hg (d) 10 2 to 10 3 mm of Hg

(b) They cause certain substances to show fluorescence (d) They are electromagnetic waves
[Delhi PMT 1982; MADT Bihar 1980]

(b) -ray particle (b) 1.6 10 19 C (b) 9.1 10 25 g (b) Neutron (b) 4.38 10 17 g / mL

(c) Hydrogen ion (c) Unit negative (c)

9.1 10 10 g

(d) Positron (d) All (d) 9.1 10 18 g

[AFMC 2002]

Which of the following has the same mass as that of an electron (c) Positron (c)
2.17 10 14 g / mL

(d) Proton (d) None of these

[CPMT 1986; MLNR 1986]

A strong argument for the particle nature of cathode rays is that they (a) Produce fluorescence (b) Travel through vacuum (c) Get deflected by electric and magnetic fields (d) Cast shadow In the discharge tube emission of cathode rays requires (a) Low potential and low pressure (c) High potential and high pressure (b) Low potential and high pressure (d) High potential and low pressure

16.

17.

The minimum real charge on any particle which can exist is (a) 1.6 10 19 Coulomb (b) 1.6 10 10 Coulomb (c)
4.8 10 10 Coulomb

[Rajasthan PMT 2000]

(d) Zero
[CPMT 1973 ; BHU 1985]

18.

Which of the following statement is incorrect (a) The charge on an electron and on a proton are equal and opposite (b) Neutrons has no charge

Atomic structure
(c) Electrons and protons have the same weight (d) The mass of a proton and a neutron are nearly identical 19. 20. Ratio of masses of proton and electron is (a) Infinite (a) 6.023 10 23 g 21. (a) Of different masses (c) Bearing positive and negative charges respectively 22. 23. 24. Anode rays were discovered by (a) Goldstein (a) Nature of electrode Proton is (a) An ionized hydrogen molecule (c) A fundamental particle 25. 26. 27. 28. Penetration power of proton is (a) More than electron (a) 2 : 1 (a) Very low (b) Less than electron (b) 1 : 2 (b) High (c) More than neutron (c) 1 : 4 (c) Same The ratio of specific charge of a proton and an -particle is (d) 1 : 1 (d) None of these The e/m for positive rays in comparison to cathode rays is What is false to say about anode rays (a) Their e/m ratio depends upon the nature of residual gas (b) They are deflected by electrical and magnetic field (c) Their e/m ratio is constant (d) These are produced by ionization of molecules of the residual gas 29. Nuclei tend to have more neutrons than protons at high mass numbers because (a) Neutrons are neutral particles (c) More neutrons minimize the coulomb repulsion 30. 31. The proton and neutron are collectively called as (a) Deutron (b) Positron (c) Meson (d) Nucleon Which is correct statement about proton (a) Proton is nucleus of deuterium (c) Proton is ionized hydrogen atom 32. 33. Who discovered neutron (a) James Chadwick (a) 34. 35.
14 1 6 C +1 1 p 14 7 N + 0n

[BHU 1998]
+3

(b) 1.8 10

(c) 1.8 (c)

9.1 10 28 kg

(d) None of these (d) 2 gm

[NCERT 1977]

The mass of a mole of proton and electron is (b) 1.008 g and 0.55 mg

A mass spectrograph is an instrument which is capable of differentiating and identifying particles (b) Bearing different magnitude of charge (d) Of different values of charge and mass ratio

[DPMT 1985]

(b) J. Stoney (b) Nature of discharging tube

(c) Rutherford (c) Nature of residual gas (b) An -ray particle (d) Nucleus of heavy hydrogen

(d) J.J. Thomson (d) All of these

[NCERT 1976 ; CPMT 1971]

The nature of anode rays depends on

[BHU 1985 ; CPMT 1982, 88]

(d)

None of these
[MP PET 1999]

[Roorkee Qualifying 1998]

(b) Neutrons have more mass than protons (d) Neutrons decrease the binding energy
[MP PMT 2001] [CPMT 1979 ; MP PMT 1985; NCERT 1985 ; MP PMT 1999]

(b) Proton is ionized hydrogen molecule (d) Proton is -particle

[IIT 1982 ; BITS 1988 ; CPMT 1977 ; NCERT 1974 ; MP PMT 1992 ; MP PET 2002]

(b) William Crooks (b)

11 2 5 B + 1D 1 12 6 C + 0n

(c) J. J. Thomson (c)

9 4 4 Be + 2 He 1 12 6 C +0 n

(d) Rutherford (d)

8 4 11 1 4 Be + 2 He 6 C + 0n

Which of the following reactions led to the discovery of the neutron

Heaviest particle is (a) Meson (a) 10 3 kg / cc (b) Neutron (b) 10 6 kg / cc (b) 10 24 kg (c) Proton (c)
10 9 kg / cc

[Delhi PMT 1983 ; MP PET 1999]

(d) Electron
[NCERT 1980]

The density of neutrons is of the order (d) 10 12 kg / cc

36.

The mass of neutron is nearly (a) 10 23 kg (c)

10 26 kg

[MLNR 1988 ; UPSEAT 1999, 2000, 02]

(d) 10 27 kg

Atomic structure
37. Neutron is a fundamental particle carrying (a) A charge of +1 unit and a mass of 1 unit (c) No charge and no mass 38. The discovery of neutron becomes very late because (a) Neutrons are present in nucleus (c) Neutrons are chargeless 39. 40. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched (a) Rutherford-Proton (b) J. J. Thomson-Electron (c) J. H. Chadwick-Neutron An elementary fundamental particle is (a) An element present in a compound (c) A sub-atomic particle 41. (b) An atom present in an element (d) A fragment of an atom
[AFMC 2002 ; Karnataka CET (Engg.) 2002] [CPMT 1990]

(b) No charge and a mass of 1 unit (d) A charge of 1 and a mass of 1 unit
[CPMT 1987 ; AIIMS 1998]

(b) Neutrons are highly unstable particles (d) Neutrons do not move
[MP PET 2002]

(d) Bohr-Isotope
[CPMT 1973]

The charge of an electron is 1.6 10 19 C . The value of free charge on Li + ion will be (a)
3.6 10 19 C

(b) 1 10 19 C

(c)

1.6 10 19 C

(d) 2.6 10 19 C
[CPMT 1997]

42. 43.

The charge on an electron is 4.8 10 10 esu . What is the value of charge in Li + ion (a)
4.8 10 10 esu

(b) 9.6 10 10 esu

(c)

1.44 10 9 esu

(d) 2.4 10 10 esu

[CPMT 1990]

The specific charge for positive rays is much less than the specific charge for cathode rays. This is because (a) Positive rays are positively charged (b) Charge on positive rays is less (c) Positive rays comprise ionised atoms whose mass is much higher (d) Experimental method for determination is wrong

44.

The increasing order (lowest first) for the values of e/m (charge/mass) for (a) e, p, n, (b) n, p, e, (c) n, p, , e (d) n, , p, e The specific charge of proton is 9.6 10 7 C kg 1 then for an -particle it will be (a)
38.4 10 7 C kg 1

[IIT 1984]

45.

[MH CET 1999]

(b) 19.2 10 7 C kg 1

(c)

2.4 10 7 C kg 1

(d) 4.8 10 7 C kg 1
[AFMC 2000]

46.

The number of atoms in 0.004 g of magnesium are (a)

4 10 20

(b) 8 10 20

(c)

10 20

(d) 6.02 10 20

Atomic number, Mass number and Atomic species

47. Nitrogen atom has an atomic number of 7 and oxygen has an atomic number 8. The total number of electrons in a nitrate ion will be
[Pb. PMT 2000]

(a) 8 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. The number of electrons in Cl (a) 19 (a) 1 (a) 23 (a) 0 The nucleus of helium contains (a) Four protons

(b) 16 ion is (b) 20 (b) 2 (b) 46 (b) 1

(c) 32 (c) 18 (c) 3 (c) 69 (c) 2 (b) Four neutrons

(d) 64
[MP PMT 2003]

(d) 35
[CPMT 2003]

The number of neutron in tritium is (d) 0 (d) 92 The total number of protons in one molecule of nitrogen dioxide Number of neutrons in heavy hydrogen atom is (d) 3

[MP PMT 1986] [CPMT 1972; Delhi PMT 1982]

(c) Two neutrons and two protons

(d) Four protons and two electrons

Atomic structure
53. 54. 55. Sodium atom differs from sodium ion in the number of (a) Electron (a) 26 (b) Protons (b) 30 (c) Neutrons (c) 36 An atom has 26 electrons and its atomic weight is 56. The number of neutrons in the nucleus of the atom will be (d) 56
[CPMT 1983; CBSE 1990; NCERT 1973; AMU 1984] [CPMT 1976]

(d) Does not differ

[CPMT 1980]

The atomic number of an element represents (a) Number of neutrons in the nucleus (c) Atomic weight of element

(b) Number of protons in the nucleus (d) Valency of element

[Delhi PMT 1984. 91; AFMC 1990]

56. 57.

The mass of an atom is constituted mainly by (a) Neutron and neutrino (a) Atomic weight (b) Neutron and electron (b) Atomic radii (c) Neutron and proton (c) Equivalent weight Which of the following is always a whole number

(d) Proton and electron

[CPMT 1976, 81, 86]

(d) Atomic number

58.

The electronic configuration of a dipositive metal M 2+ is 2, 8, 14 and its atomic weight is 56 a.m.u. The number of neutrons in its nuclei would be [MNR 1984, 89; Kerala PMT 1999] (a) 30 (b) 32 (b) 1 (b) Neutron (c) 34 (c) 0 (c) Electrons (d) 42
[CPMT 1983]

59. 60. 61.

The total number of unpaired electrons in d-orbitals of atoms of element of atomic number 29 is (a) 10 (a) Proton (d) 5 Chlorine atom differs from chloride ion in the number of The number of electrons in one molecule of CO2 are (a) 22 (b) 44 (c) 66

[NCERT 1972; MP PMT 1995]

(d) Protons and electrons

[IIT 1979; MP PMT 1994; Rajasthan PMT 1999]

(d) 88
[NCERT 1977]

62.

The nitrogen atom has 7 protons and 7 electrons, the nitride ion ( N 3 ) will have (a) 7 protons and 10 electrons (c) 4 protons and 10 electrons (b) 4 protons and 7 electrons (d) 10 protons and 7 electrons

63. 64.

The total number of neutrons in dipositive zinc ions with mass number 70 is (a) 34 (a) Number of e
1

[IIT 1979; Bihar MEE 1997]

(b) 40
=WN

(c) 36 (b) Number of 0 n = W N (d) Number of 0 n1 = N

1

(d) 38
[CPMT 1971, 80, 89]

If W is atomic weight and N is the atomic number of an element, then

1

(c) Number of 1 H = W N 65. 66. 67. 68.

The number of electrons in the atom which has 20 protons in the nucleus is (a) 20 (b) 10 (c) 30 Six protons are found in the nucleus of (a) Boron (b) Lithium (c) Carbon A sodium cation has different number of electrons from

[CPMT 1981, 93; CBSE 1989]

(d) 40
[CPMT 1977, 80, 81; NCERT 1975, 78]

(d) Helium

69.

70.

(a) O 2 (b) F (c) Li + (d) Al + + + An atom which has lost one electron would be [CPMT 1986] (a) Negatively charged (b) Positively charged (c) Electrically neutral (d) Carry double positive charge The nucleus of the element having atomic number 25 and atomic weight 55 will contain [CPMT 1986; MP PMT 1987] (a) 25 protons and 30 neutrons (b) 25 neutrons and 30 protons (c) 55 protons (d) 55 neutrons Positive ions are formed from the neutral atom by the [CPMT 1976] (a) Increase of nuclear charge (b) Gain of protons (c) Loss of electrons (d) Loss of protons The nucleus of the atom consists of
[CPMT 1973; 74, 78, 83, 84; MADT Bihar 1980; Delhi PMT 1982, 85, MP PMT 1999]

71.

Atomic structure
(a) Proton and neutron (c) Neutron and electron The number of electrons in an atom of an element is equal to its (a) Atomic weight (b) Atomic number Neutrons are found in atoms of all elements except in (a) Chlorine (b) Oxygen (a) 25 (b) 26 Number of electrons in CONH 2 is (b) Proton and electron (d) Proton, neutron and electron
[BHU 1979]

72. 73. 74. 75. 76.

(c) Equivalent weight (c) Argon (c) 22

(d) Electron affinity

[MP PMT 1997]

(d) Hydrogen
[EAMCET 1990]

A transition metal X has a configuration [ Ar ] 3d 4 in its + 3 oxidation state. Its atomic number is (d) 19

[AMU 1988] [MP PET 1993]

77. 78. 79.

(a) 22 (b) 23 (c) 20 (d) 28 Ca has atomic number 20 and atomic weight 40. Which of the following statements is not correct about Ca atom (a) The number of electrons is same as the number of neutrons (b) The number of nucleons is double of the number of electrons (c) The number of protons is half of the number of neutrons (d) None of these Which of the following atom has more electrons than neutrons (a) C (b) F The present atomic weight scale is based on (a)
C
12

(c) (c)

O 2 H
1

(d)

Al 3 +

[EAMCET 1988; MP PMT 2002]

(b) O
21 E 45

16

(d) C13

The nucleus of the element

contains (b) 21 protons and 24 neutrons (d) 24 protons and 21 neutrons

[AFMC 1995] [MP PMT 1994]

(a) 45 protons and 21 neutrons (c) 21 protons and 45 neutrons 80. 81.

82. 83.

The number of electrons in the nucleus of C12 is (a) 6 (b) 12 (c) 0 (d) 3 The atomic number of an element is always equal to (a) Atomic weight divided by 2 (b) Number of neutrons in the nucleus (c) Weight of the nucleus (d) Electrical charge of the nucleus The ratio between the neutrons in C and Si with respect to atomic masses 12 and 28 is (a) 2 : 3 (b) 3 : 2 (c) 3 : 7 (d) 7 : 3 If the atomic weight of an element is 23 times that of the lightest element and it has 11 protons, then it contains

[EAMCET 1990]

[EAMCET 1986; AFMC 1989]

84. 85.

(a) 11 protons, 23 neutrons, 11 electrons (b) 11 protons, 11 neutrons, 11 electrons (c) 11 protons, 12 neutrons, 11 electrons (d) 11 protons, 11 neutrons, 23 electrons The nucleus of tritium contains [MP PMT 2002] (a) 1 proton + 1 neutron (b) 1 proton + 3 neutron (c) 1 proton + 0 neutron (d) 1 proton + 2 neutron The number of electrons and neutrons of an element is 18 and 20 respectively. Its mass number is
[CPMT 1997; Pb. PMT 1999; MP PMT 1999]

(a) 17 86. 87. (a) 19 In the nucleus of

20 Ca 40

(b) 37 (b) 20 there are

(c) 2 (c) 18

(d) 38
[CPMT 1997; AFMC 1999]

40 1 The number of electrons in [19 K ] is

(d) 40
[CPMT 1990; EAMCET 1991]

88.

89.

(a) 40 protons and 20 electrons (b) 20 protons and 40 electrons (c) 20 protons and 20 neutrons (d) 20 protons and 40 neutrons The atomic weight of an element is 39. The number of neutrons in its nucleus is one more than the number of protons. The number of [MP PMT 1997] protons, neutrons and electrons respectively in its atom would be (a) 19, 20, 19 (b) 19, 19, 20 (c) 20, 19, 19 (d) 20, 19, 20 CO has same electrons as or the ion that is iso-electronic with CO is [CPMT 1984; IIT 1982; EAMCET 1990; CBSE 1997] (a)
+ N2

(b) CN

(c)

+ O2

(d) O2

Atomic structure
90. 91.
Na + ion is iso-electronic with
[CPMT 1990]

(a) (a) 92. 93.

Li

(b) (b)

Mg

2+

(c)

Ca

2+

(d) Ba (d)

2+

Which of the following oxides of nitrogen is iso-electronic with CO2

NO2
3

[CBSE 1990]

N 2O
2

(c) NO
+

N 2O2
[CBSE 1994]
+

Which one of the following is not iso-electronic with O (a)

N

(b)

(c)
+ CH 3 I

Tl
III

(d)
CH 3 IV

Na

Pick out the iso-electronic structures from the following, (a) I and II (b) I and IV

H 3O
II

NH 3

[IIT 1993]

(c) I and III

(d) II, III and IV

[AFMC 1995; Bihar MEE 1997]

94. 95. 96.

The hydride ions (H ) are iso-electronic with (a) Li Iso-electronic species are (a) (a)
K , Cl
+

(b) (b)

He +

(c) He

(d) Be
[EAMCET 1989]

Na , Cl

(c)
+

Na, Ar

(d) Mg , Ar
[AIEEE 2003]

Which one of the following grouping represents a collection of iso-electronic species

Na , Ca
2+

, Mg

2+

(b)

, F , Na

(c)

Be, Al

3+

, Cl

(d) Ca , Cs , Br
[IIT Screening 2003]
2 (d) CO3 .SO3

2+

97.

Which of the following are iso-electronic and isostructual (a)

2 NO3 , CO3 (b) SO3 , NO3

2 NO3 , CO3 , ClO3 , SO3

(c)

2 ClO3 , CO3

98. 99.

Which of the following atoms and ions are iso-electronic i.e. have the same number of electrons with the neon atom (a) F (b) Oxygen atom Which of the following is iso-electronic with carbon atom
+ 3+

[NCERT 1978]

(c) Mg (c) (c)

O
2

(d) (d)

[MP PMT 1994; UPSEAT 2000]

(a) Na (b) Al 100. Which of the following is not iso-electronic with Ne (a)
Na +

N+
[MP PET 2002]

(b)

Mg 2+
K+

O 2

(d) Cl

101. Which of the following is iso-electronic with Ca 2+ (a) Kr 102. Iso-electronic species is (a) (a)
F ,O
2

(b) (b) (b)

(c) (c) (c)

Mg 2+ F ,O
+

(d) Ca
[Rajasthan PMT 2002]

F ,O
F and O

(d) F , O +2
[DCE 1999]

103. Which pair of ions is iso-electronic

F and Cl Na + and K +

(d)

Na + and Mg +2
[CPMT 2003]

104. Tritium is the isotope of (a) Hydrogen (b) Oxygen [UPSEAT 1999] 105. An isostere is (a)
and O3 NO2

(c) Carbon (c)

CO2 , N 2O, NO3

(d) Sulphur
(d) ClO4 and OCN

(b)

3 and PO4 NO2

+

106. Which of the following pair has same electronic structure (a) Ca, Ar (b) Mg, Na 107. Which of the following are iso-electronic with one another (a) 108. (a)
Na
+

[CPMT 1992]

(c) Ag, Sn (c) Ne and O (c)

Li
+

(d) Ar, Cl (d)

[NCERT 1983; EAMCET 1989]

and Ne

(b) (b)

K and O Na
+

Na + and K +
[EAMCET 1998]
+

Be 2+ is iso-electronic with

Mg

2+

(d) H

109. The nitride ion in lithium nitride is composed of (a) 7 protons + 10 electrons (b) 10 protons + 10 electrons 110. Number of protons, neutrons and electrons in the element (a) 89, 231, 89 (b) 89, 89, 242
89 231

[Karnataka CET 2000]

(c) 7 protons + 7 protons is (c) 89, 142, 89

(d) 10 protons + 7 electrons

[AFMC 1997]

(d) 89, 71, 89

Atomic structure
111. CO2 is isostructural with (a)
SnCl2
[IIT 1986; MP PMT 1986, 94, 95]

(b) SO2

(c)

HgCl 2

(d) All the above

112. In an X-ray experiment, different metals are used as the target. In each case, the frequency () of the radiation produced is measured. If Z= atomic number, which of the following plots will be a straight line 1 (a) against Z (b) against Z (c) (d) against Z against Z 113. In Moseley's equation [ = a( Z b) ], which was derived from the observations made during the bombardment of metal targets with X-rays, (a) a is independent but b depends on the metal (b) Both a and b depend on the metal (c) Both a and b are independent of the metal and are constant (d) b is independent but a depends on the metal [Rajasthan PET 2000] 114. If molecular mass and atomic mass of sulphur are 256 and 32 respectively, its atomicity is (a) 2 (b) 8 (c) 4 (d) 16 115. Assertion (A) : The atoms of different elements having same mass number but different atomic number are known as isobars Reason (R) : The sum of protons and neutrons, in the isobars is always different [AIIMS 2000] (a) Both A and R are true and R is a correct explanation of A (b) Both A and R are true but R is not a correct explanation of A (c) A is true but the R is false (d) A is false but R is true 116. The mass number of an anion, X 3 , is 14. If there are ten electrons in the anion, the number of neutrons in the nucleus of atom, X 2 of the element will be [MP PMT 1999] (a) 10 (b) 14 (c) 7 (d) 5 117. Atoms consists of protons, neutrons and electrons. If the mass of neutrons and electrons were made half and two times respectively to their actual masses, then the atomic mass of 6 C12 (a) Will remain approximately the same (c) Will remain approximately half (b) Will become approximately two times (d) Will be reduced by 25%
[NCERT 1982]