AHR 112 Take Home Test (10)

1. Both Air to air heat pumps and water source heat pump are similar. Both have two coils and reversecycle refrigeration. In the water source heat pump, the inside coil is always the refrigerant to air coil and the outside coil is always the refrigerant to water coil.

2. A water source heat pumps are either open or closed loop system. The closed loop systems reuse the same heat transfer fluid over and over. In the closed loop system, heat is rejected to a heat sink or absorbed. The advantage of a closed loop system is that the system is cleaner and water is not an issue. With the open loop, fluid is transfer and then expel from system.

3. The water to refrigerant coil is a tube in tube heat exchanger with water in one tube and refrigerant in the other. The refrigerant gives up its heat to the water in the cooling mode but absorbs heat from the water in the heating mode.

4. The four types of furnaces are, Up flow, Low Boy, Down flow and Horizontal. A. Up flow Furnace stands vertically and needs headroom. It is designed for first floor installation with the ductwork in the attic or for basement installation with the ductwork between or under the first floor joist B. Low Boy Furnace is approximately 4 Ft. high. It is used primarily in basement installations with low headroom where the ductwork is located under the first floor. Air intake and discharge are both at the top. C. Down flow Referred to as a counter-flow furnace, looks like the up flow furnace. The ductwork may be in a concrete slab floor or in a crawl space under the house. The air intake is at the top, and the discharge is at the bottom. D. Horizontal Furnace is positioned on its side. It is installed in crawl spaces, in attics, or suspended from floor joists in basements. In these installations it takes no floor space. The air intake is at one end: the discharge is at the other.

5. Natural gas is delivered to homes in the U.S. under very low pressure. Most domestic appliances in the U.S. come fitted for natural gas. Propane gas is delivered to rural homes and farms in high-pressure tanks. Natural gas by itself has neither odor nor color and is not poisonous. Natural gas is dangerous because it can displace oxygen in the air, causing suffocation, and when it accumulates, it can explode. Sulfur compounds, called odorants, which have a garlic smell, are added to the gas to make leak detection easier. Liquefied petroleum (LP) gas is used primarily where natural gas is not available. The gas is liquefied by keeping it under pressure until ready to be used. The reason LP gas is liquefied is to make it easy and efficient to transport and store.

6. Combustion is the reaction between the fuel, oxygen, and heat combine together. With the proper mixture of the three, gas is ignited and combustion occurred.

7. In a gas furnace, the flame should be well defined blue with slightly orange tip

8. As the name suggests, an intermittent pilot is not on when the furnace is not firing. Every time the thermostat calls for heat, the pilot light is ignited and proved, before the gas valve opens. This is a typical sequence: 1. The thermostat calls for heat. 2. Gas is allowed to flow through the pilot gas line. 3. The igniter (think of it as a spark plug) provides the spark that ignites the pilot flame. 4. The flame sensor (think of it as a thermocouple) makes sure the pilot is on. 5. The main gas valve opens. 6. The burners fire up. 7. When the thermostat is satisfied, the gas valve closes, shutting off the main burner. The pilot flame is shut off and the flame sensor goes on vacation. The advantage to this system is that the pilot is only on when we need it. We don't waste any fuel when the system is not running. The disadvantage is the additional complexity we have added. We need to rely on solid state igniters, flame sensors and more wiring and controls

9. The purpose of a water manometer is used to measure gas pressure, static pressure across a coil. A liquid is placed in the tube, usually a responsive liquid like mercury that is stable under pressure. One end of the U-tube is then filled with the gas to be measured, usually pumped in so the tube can be sealed behind it. The other end is left open for a natural pressure level. The liquid is then balanced in the lower section of the U, depending on the strength of the gas. The atmospheric pressure pushes down on the liquid, forcing it down and into the closed end of the tube. The gas trapped in the sealed end also pushes down, forcing the liquid back to the other side. Then a measurement is taken to see how far the liquid in the sealed end has been pushed either below the point of the liquid in the open end or above it. If the liquid is level, straight across in both tubes, then the gas is equal to outside air pressure. If the liquid rises above this level in the sealed end, then the air's pressure is heavier than the gas. If the gas is heavier than the air, it will push the liquid in the sealed end below the equal point

10. CFM = QS 1.08 X T

65000 1.08 X 55

= 1094 CFM