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SOURCES

OF

KNOWING HISTORY

In the early morning, you are receiving newspaper in your hand everyday; by its you became aware of daily events and incidents. After sometime these events became past. We remember that time and date, when the same type of incident happened. The photographs and detail information are given in the newspapers what was happened in the past. We come to know the history by there photographs and information. In the above painting, you are seeing various coins, ticket, seal, idol, utensils, tools etc., vessels made from Terracota. By these sources of paintings, coins and things, we come to know the history. It is very necessary of having the knowledge of past infromation, to know and understand the present situation. We can able to know the history of thousands of years ago by our surroundings things like the old or ancient buildings, forts, pond, temple, step-well etc. You might feel, how this can be possible ? Let us do one activity. Activity Make the collections-book of some articles and paintings, photopraphs about the historical information from various newspapers and magazines from your school or from your town/village library.

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We come to know the historical information by our collection-book made by various paintingsphotographs and articles. Even you might be knowing some people have habit of collection and preservation of these type old paintings, photographs, coins, tickets and written information in their treasure. The information or data which you get, it is also collected and preserved by someone. Most of the newspaper had published in December, 2000; the various information with photographs about the 20th centurys events and incidents. It became famous as Millenium Gallary. Think

Narrate any one great personality, by the information which you have collected. Give the information about any one architecture of incident on the basis of your collection-book. Narrate the incident or give information about an honourable person related of your village or city.

As you are aware of twentieth centurys incidents and persons by articles and paintings; but our history is very ancident of thousands years. So, we eager to know, what were eating people in those days ? Which clothes were wearing ? In which types of houses are their ? How they were living ? Which types of activities were doing in their daily life ? If we want to know the correct information about it, we should use some reliable sources. Let us know some sources. 1. Tadpatras and Bhojpatras :

1.2 Tadpatras We can able to know about past by various sources. Out of them, one is Tadpatras and Bhojpatras and script written on it. Most probebly, it is writen in PANDU script. Bhojpatras are made from the tree namded Bhauj. - Bhojpatras made from its skin. Pandu and other scripts destroyed by various in insects in the past. Eventhough, we see the Tadpatras and Bhojpatras which are preserved in the temples, Vihars, Libraries and Government museums. By using these sources, we get lot of informations about contemporary kings, administration and public-life.

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2.

Inscriptions and stone-Writings :

1.3 Inscription Think

To get information of our present time, where shall we go ? Make list. How would we get information by using the historical sources ?

In ancient time, the kings were carved the achievements and main incidents on stone or copperplates. They carved the writings of orders or the treaty with other state on the metels. These copperplates and stone-writing even today. These are called inscription. We called Archives where these inscriptions are preserved. There are so many archvies in our time. e.g. National Archives of Delhi. 3. Vessels, Ornaments and Apertures :

1.4 Vessels and apertures

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At the time of exevation, we get the utensils, stone apertures and ornaments of the very old age. These became too much helpful to know the history of contemporary time. See the picture 1.4. Get the varied information, where you might get these things from exevation near by your residence. As the archaeologists are using the old statues, paintings, seals, weapones, apertures, coins etc. for knowing and writing the history. So also, we come to know the history by ideols, coins, stone inscriptions, copper-plates, paintings of very old age. Know atleast this The sources of history : Documents, Paintings, Ornaments, Toys, Coins, Inscriptions, Bhoj-Patras, Copper plates, ornaments, Old buildings and temples, Diary, etc. Stone-writings : The writings which carved on the stone. Bhoj-Patras : It is a special skin of the tree, on which the books were written in very ancient-times. Copper-plates : The writings which were written by carving system on the tin of copper. We are able to know the exact date and time by carbon dating (14) system. Activity Arrange the exhibition by various old thing and specimens historical sources from your house, school, museums, relatives and insitutions. Write report and keep record in your diary or note-book. Think Can we know the history on the basis of old and oldest things, which can we collect from surrounding area ? How ? Which sources will you use to know the 100 years old history ? Is it possible to get the informations related to the history from story-writer, Diarywriter, Bhat-charan, Barot, Mir, Gadhavi or a traveller ?

We see that there are so many things and references (including books) by which we are able to know the history. Thus, we got the knowledge about various sources and thereby we get the exact and authentic information about history. Thus, we can able to know the history of your village or town/city or the local history. Let us collect the varrious sources and got the information about our own village or town. Know atleast this You will come to know by seeing these copper-plates, Bhojpatras and hand-written papers of old time in (i) Shri Hemchandracharya Library, Patan (North Gujarat). (ii) L.D. Institute of Indology, Navarangpura, Ahmedabad-9 (iii) Tribal Museum, Gujarat Vidyapith, Ahmedabad-13 and (iv) Mahavira Jain Aradhana Kendra, Koba-Gandhinagar.

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EXERCISES Q.1. 1. Collect the following information from your village or town : Which is the oldest tree in your village or town ? How ? (Get the information)

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2. Which is the oldest building in your village ? (Get the infromation)

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3. To whom and what type questions will you ask for the above two categories information ?

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Q.2. 1. 2. 3. 4. Q.3. Answer the following questions : Which are the sources of knowing history ? For which perpose the archives are made ? What do you know about Copper-plates and Bhoj-Patras ? Is it possible to know the history by the sources of utensils and metal vessels. How the name of your village or town came to existence ?