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In this bcckIct thc chcss piccos arc dosignatcd by tho mIIcwing abbrcviaticns:
K: King
Q: Quoon
?: ?cck
B: Bishcp
5. Kight
P Pawn
W . Whito King
BK : BIack King
otc.
(PrcbIcmists uso S [!orman Spriagcr] mr Kight rathor than N.)
Tho sguaros cn tho diagram mo oach givon a Iottcr and a numbcr, thc Icttcrs a-h running
cm lo tc right, and tho numbors 1-8 cm bcttcm tc tcp. Sc thc bcttcm Io-hand sgumo
is aI , and tho tcp right-hand sguaro h8.
Mcvos aro shcwn as mIIcws:
1 ?oJ : Whito ?cck plays tc sgumo oJ.
1 ?oJ+ : Whito ?cck plays tc oJ and givos chock.
1 ?boJ : Whitc ?cck cn bJ pIays tc oJ; this wcuId bo usod if tho cthor W
woro cn tho o-lo cr cn !, gJ cr hJ and ccuId aIsc pIay tc oJ.
1 ?5oJ : Whito ?cck cn o5 pIays tc oJ (i.o. nct W cn oI cr o2 tc oJ).
I.. .?oJ : BIack ?cck pIays tc oJ.
l xoJ : Whito ?cck capturos a bIack unit cn oJ.
1 oJ : Whito pawn pIays cm o2 tc oJ.
1 dxoJ : Whitc pawn cn d capturcs a bIack unit cn oJ.
1 o8S : Whitc pawn cn o7 prcmctos tc Knight cn o8.
1 dxc8S : Whitc pawn cn d7 prcmctos tc Knight by capturing cn o8.
1 LL : Whito castIos with ?cck h l.
1 LLL : Whito castIos with ?cck a!.
1 ?- : Wbito ?cck plays a randcm mcvo (soo nc.15), i.o. tho ?cck Ioavos tho
sgumo it is cn and pIays tc nc sgumo in panicuIm.
Scmo cthor symbcIs mo oxpIainod in tho !nucducticn.

N1LUL1LN' LLV N LML LLLm
Fach cno cf tho diagrams in this bcckIot shcws a ccmpcsod pcsiticn in which Whito,
pIaying up tho bcard, can mrco mato in twc mcvos, against any bIack dohnco. What tho
sclvor has tc dc is tc disccvor tho cno whito mcvo (and thoro is cnly cno in oach caso)
which wiII achiovo this cbjoctivo. This whito mcvo, caIlod tho k6y, may throaton a cortain
soccnd mcvo which Black may try tc provont, cr it may pIaco Black in ZM@JW0R@, i. o. wait
mr him tc ccmmit himsolf. BIack wiIl usuaIIy havo a numbor cf 0660C6S at his dispcsaI. In
a throat prcbIom thoso wiIl Ioad tc a mato cthor than what is throatonod, whiIo in a prcbIom
with a waiting koy (a blcck prcbIom) ovory avaiIabIo bIack mcvo wiIl ccnstituto a dohnco,
and Whito wiII bo abIo tc mato ahor oach cno.
Ycu can scIvo thoso prcbIoms by triaI and orrcr if ycu Iiko, but this is a Iongthy and nct
vory rowarding prccoduro. A guickor mothcd is tc Icck rst at tho mcvos that BIack has at
his dispcsaI. Ycu shculd ostabIish whothor ycu aro trying tc sclvo a throat prcbIom cr a
bIcck prcblom, kooping in mind that ovory pioco cn tho bcard has scmo purpcso. Porhaps a
strcng bIack mcvo, o. g. cno that capturos a pcworI whito unit cr socuros a @0-Sg0I6
mr tho BK, dcos nct havo a S6 ropIy in tho diagram pcsiticn (i.o. a whito mato that ccuId
bo playod in roply if Black mcvod rst). Prcviding a mato tc mIlcw such a mcvo might
Ioad ycu tc tho koy, cr at tho vory Ioast it might suggost a numbor cf pcssibIo koys. Many
prcbIoms havo clcso I6S, i.o. whito mcvos which almcst sclvo but which miI tc a singIo
bIack I6000.
Much tho bost way cf scIving invclvos wcrking cut tho 06m6 cf tho prcblom. Tho
ccmpcsor wiII usually havo had a particuIar idoa in mind during tho prccoss cf ccmpcsiticn,
an idoa that is basod cn tho intoracticn cf tho piocos cn tho bcard. Nc twc choss prcblomists
wculd agroo cn tho doniticn cf tho wcrd "thomo", but what is moant shcuId boccmo
apparont tc ycu as ycu scIvo tho prcbloms horo. In scmo casos tho thomo is vory sIight, o.g.
chocks by BIack; in cthors it is a much mcro ccmpIox mattor. By tho way, tho numbor cf
piocos cn tho bcard is nct nocossariIy an indicaticn cf tho ccmpIoxity cf tho thomo.
Diagrams A, B and C shcw prcbIoms cf tho kinds that ycu wilI nd in this bccklot.
Black's strcngost mcvo in P is !...So6+, but this is prcvidod with a mato, 2 Qxo6. Hcwovor,
Black has twc mcvos that aro cf groator intorost tc a prcbIomist: I...SoJ and I...Sf4. What
makos thoso mcvos intorosting is that in oach caso tho BS arrivos cn a sguaro whoro it
intorrupts (cr 06I6I6S with) tho Iino cf acticn cf tho B? !.
P Whito has matos aIroady proparod mr thoso mcvos: I...SoJ 2
Sc3, and I ...Sf4 2 Sxf6. Fach timo tho WS oxplcits tho BS's
intorhronco with tho B? tc mato cn a sguaro guardod by tho
? in tho diagram pcsiticn. Tho oxport scIvor wiII Icck mr a
koy which aIIcws thoso twc bIack intorforonco mcvos tc bo
pIayod as dohncos. !t is mcst unIikoly that this wIl bo a
bIcck prcbIom; what mato ccuId bo arrangod tc answor
I...Sh4 mr oxampIo? Sc a throat must bo scught, and if thcso
dohnsivo mcvos by tho BS aro tc pIay a part, thon tho throat
must bo 2 Qd5. Hcwovor, this wiII invcIvo mcving tho S that
cccupios d5 at tho mcmont, tho vory pioco that givos tho sot
LL |LLLN |L LLVNL
matos cn cJ ad f6. What happons is that tho koy, 1 So7 (prcviding an oxtra guard cn f5),
changos Whito's ropIios tc I...SoJ and I...Sf4: tho Q ncw matos cn dJ ad f5 rospoctivoIy.
Tho sot chock is stiII thoro, unchangod: 1 ... So6+ 2 Qxo6; and BIack has a mrthor doRnco
against tho throat, I...?b5, tc which Whito ropIios 2 Qd4 (aIsc I...?d4 2 Qxd4).
!f this prcbIom woro amcng tho 1O8 prcbIoms mr scIving in this bcckIot, tho mII scIuticn
wcuId appoar as mIIcws:
Sot: I...SoJ/Sf4 2 ScJ/Sxf6.
Koy 1 b6 (>2 Qd5) SoJ/Sf4/So6+/?b5 2 QdJ/Qf5/Qxo6/Qd4.
As ycu soo, tho bIack doRncos aro givon in soguonco, soparatod by /, and thon mIIcw tho
whito matos in tho samo crdor, simiIarIy soparatod. Tho symbcI > is usod tc indicato a
throat.
!t is wcrth ccmmonting cn tho uso mado cf tho W in this prcbIom. By traditicn tho W
is aIways cn tho bcard in prcbIoms cf this kind (which aro kncwn as 0I6C m6S, whoro
Whito matos BIack in a stipuIatod numbor cf mcvos, whatovor BIack may pIay). !f tho W
woro romcvod cm tho bcard horo, Whito wcuId havo a soccnd scIuticn: I ... Sxf6+ xf6 2
QdJ; and tho prcbIom wcuId thoromro bo 00S0000. PIacing tho W cn onsuros that this
wiII nct wcrk. 1 Sxf6+? xf6+! (Tho guosticn-mark is usod tc doncto a try, and tho
oxcIamaticn mark tho romtaticn cf that try.) Tho BS d8 porfcrms varicus usomI mncticns.
!n tho rst pIaco, cf ccurso, it provonts mmodiato mato by 1 Qo6, and it aIsc givos a chock
cn that sguaro, which ccunts as a VI00 (tho torm usod mr distinct doRncos ad matos).
SoccndIy, it guards c6, sc that Whito dcos nct havo a soccnd throat 2 Qc6 (tho mt that this
mato is pIayabIo ahor I...Sb7/Sc6/SO is unimpcrtant, sinco thoso mcvos dc nct doRnd
against tho throatonod 2 Qd5). And thirdIy tho Sd8 shioIds tho W hcm chock cn tho tcp
rank hcm tho ? b4.
Much cf tho pIay in prcbIom doponds cn whito and bIack 06S. Tho WQ is pinnod cn
tho 6th rank by tho ? b6; and Whito has throo 06-Q6C6S (twc K and cno B) aII droctod at
tho BK, but with thoir Iinos cf acticn dcubIy mSK60, in oach caso by cno whito and cno
bIack unit. Tho scIvor shcuId Icck mr pIay arising cm tho mcvos cf thoso masking units.
Tho strcng mcvo ... xd6+ has a sot ropIy, 2 So6, a dcubIo chockmato. Tho mcvo 2 So6
aIsc mIIcws I...So6 and I...Sg6 in tho sot pIay, but cnIy as a

singIo chockmato. I...Sbd5 Iccks as if it might bo cf intorost,
bocauso it is a S6-Q ad indood thoro is a sot ropIy that
oxpIcts tho mc| tha| tho S cannct rotm tc f4: 2 g5. But 2
So6 is pIayabIo as woII, which suggosts mat tho koy is mado
by tho Sc5, sc as tc oIminato this aItomativo mato. By
pIacing a soccnd guard cn c5, tho koy 1 Sb7 throatons a mato
by tho WQ mcving aIcng tho pin-Iino: 2 Qf6. This is pcssibIo
nct cnIy bocauso cf mo oxtra guard but aIsc bocauso tho koy
pins tho B? b6. Wo havo soon hcw tho soIf-pin 1 ... Sbd5
aIIcws 2 g5; what happons if tho cthor BS soIf-pins cn tho
samo sguaro? (Thoso mcvos doRat tho throat bocauso tho Q
wcuId unpin tho S in mcving tc f6 and sc aIIcw 2 ... Sxf6!)
LML |LLLN |L LLVNL 1
I...Sbxd5 is answorod by 2 SxaJ, cponing mIIy tho whito 6I] (a4-d4) which mo BS b
has partiaIIy cponod by mcving away. This S has a soccnd intorostng dohnco, I...Sc6,
throatonmg tc intorpcso tho S cn o5 if Whito pIays his throat. But I...Sc6 unpms tho WQ
and sc aIIcws 2 Qxf4. Thoro aro twc mrthor unpins cf tho Q, by tho cthor S: I ... So6
(provonting 2 Qf6 by arrivaI cn o6) 2 Qo5; and I...Sg6 (throatoning 2 ... So5) 2 Qc5. Nctico
hcw tho unpinnod WQ's matos aro diorontiatod by tho mcvos cf tho BSs. A BB cn g8,
pIayng tc o6, wcuId dohnd aganst tho mroat but wcuId onabIo Whito tc pIay any cf mo
throo matos soparatod by tho arrivaI cf tho Ss cn c6, o6 and g6. Nctico, tcc, that tho BBaJ
has twc mncticns: it guards c5 ahor I...Sc6 and sc hoIps tc dotomino Whito's matmg
mcvo; and it onsuros a uniguo ropIy tc I...Sbxd5. BIack has twc cthor dohncos in this
prcbIom: I...Sh5, aIIcwng 2 gxh5, and I...xa7, which onabIos Whito tc pIay 2 Qxb6. To
mII scIuticn roads:
Sot: I...xd6!So6!Sg6 2 So6!Sxo6!So6.
Koy 1 b (>2 Qf6) Sbxd5!Sbd5!Sc6!So6!Sg6!Sh5!xa7 2 SxaJ! g5!Qxf4!
Qo5!Qc5! gxh5!Qxb6.
Tho P d7 (noodod tc provont a soccnd scIuticn by 1 Sd7) makos a by by 1 d8Q? (>2
Qh8,Q8f6) , romtcd by I...Sc6!, but as nc now pIay is inbcducod this try cmnct bo rogardod
as 06C.
Tho trios n prcbIom L, cn tho cthor hand, aro cortanIy thomatic. Horo tho scIvor's
attonticn is immodiatoIy caught by tho pcsiticn cf tho BS and BP, cn a diagcnaI botwoon a
W and tho BK. !f tho P mcvos, Whito can pIay 2 Bxf4, whiIo a mcvo cf tho S tc o.g. hJ
aIIcws 2 BxgJ. I ...Sg2 provonts this mato but 0CK g2 and sc aIIcws 2 hI. But throo
cthor mcvos cf tho S aIsc provont 2 BxgJ: I . ..So2, I...Sh5 and I...Sxo6. Thoso wiII nood tc
bo catorod mr unIoss Whito can mako a throat. ActuaIIy tho prcbIom Iccks vory Iiko a
W6I (bIcck pcsiticn) , n which tho WQ, havng ncthing tc dc in tho initiaI pcsiticn, wiII
nc dcubt mako tho koy. l Q? and l Qo7? Icck atbactivo, as I...So2 and I...Sxo6 wiII Ioad
tc mato cn tho h-Io oach timo. But I...Sh5! romtos bcth thoso trios. l Qd6?, whch pIacos
tho Q cn tho signicant diagcnaI, aIIcws 2 QxgJ ahor I...Sxo6 (and incidontaIIy changos
tho mato ahor I...g2 tc 2 Qxf4), and 2 Qd2 ahor I...Sh5, oxpIcitmg tho pn cf tho P gJ. But
I...So2! has nc answor. What happons if Whito bios I Qc5?
cr l Qa7? I ... Sh5 and I ... So2 bcth aIIcw 2 QL, again
L
oxpIciting tho pn cf tho P. But ncw I...Sxo6! s tho
romtaticn. Sc tho koy is l Qb2!, which onabIos Whito tc
mato by 2 Qh8 ahor I...So2 and I...Sxo6, and by 2 cJ ahor
!...Sh5. As bomro, I...ShJ aIIcws 2 BxgJ, and I...Sg2 2 hI.
Horo is tho scIuticn in mII:
Try l Q? Sxo6,So2 2 Qh6. !...Sh5! Try l Qo7? Sxo6,So2
2 Qh7. I...Sh5! Try Qd6? g2!Sxo6!Sh5 2 Qxf4!QxgJ!Qd2.
I ...So2! Try l Qc5,Qa7? Sh5,So2 2 QL. I...Sxo6! Koy l
g2!So2,Sxo6!Sh5!ShJ!Sg2 2 Bxf4!Qh8! cJ!BxgJ!hI.
LML |LLLN |L LLVNL
Thc prcscncc cf aII thc units in thc diagram can bc acccuntcd mr. AItcmativc kcys by thc
Q arc prcvcntcd by thc WPs bJ, c4 and !, whiIc thc W prcvcnts thc Q cm rcaching h8
ahcr 1 Q? Thc WP g5 dcnics thc WQ acccss tc h5 cm c5 and tc h4 cm c7. Thc W is
ccnvcnicntIy pIaccd cn c6 tc prcvcnt 2 Qh6 acr 1 Qd6?, and 2 Qc2 ahcr 1 Qc7? !f thc
cthcr B wcrc cn b8, mr cxampIc, 1 Qa7! wcuId aIsc scIvc (1...Sxc6 2 Qh7!).

AII thc prcbIcms in this bcckIct wcrc asscmbIcd spccicaIIy mr a scIving ccmpctiticn.
CcnscgucntIy thc ccmpcscr's principaI aim is tc puzIc and pcrhaps surprisc thc scIvcr. At
thc samc timc a varicty cf thcmcs and idcas is prcscntcd, in thc hcpc that thc ncvicc scIvcr
wiII Icam scmcthing abcut twc-mcvc chcss prcbIcms. Tc assist this prcccss, a ccmmcntary
appcars with thc scIuticn whcrc apprcpriatc. At thcir rst cccurrcncc, tcchnicaI tcrms
appcar in bcId typc, as in this intrcducticn. That part cf thc ccmmcntary printcd in itaIics
rchrs spccicaIIy tc thc C00SI0C00 cf thc prcbIcm, sc that thc mbiticus scIvcr kccn tc
try his hand at ccmpcsiticn can pick up a hw tricks cf thc tradc.
Ncnc cf thcsc prcbIcms has bccn prcvicusIy pubIishcd, thcugh it is IikcIy that in many
cascs simiIar, if nct idcnticaI, pcsiticns wiII havc appcarcd bcmrc. Such mrcrunncrs arc
kncwn as 0CQ00S Thc purpcsc cf this ccIIccticn is nct, cf ccursc, tc prcscnt
ccmpIctcIy criginaI wcrk, but tc prcvidc a scrics cf prcbIcms tc chaIIcngc thc scIvcr. Thc
gucsticns cf anticipaticn and 0I@0] arc, thcrctorc, IargcIy irrcIcvant. Fvcry prcbIcm
has bccn tcstcd by ccmputcr and is thus guarantccd tc bc S0000, i. c. thcrc is in cach casc
cnIy cnc kcy that scIvcs thc prcbIcm. Fnjcy ycur scIving!
LML |LLLN |L LLVNL
1. Z. .
4. . b.
7. . S.
T LML |LLLN |L LLVNL
1. 11. 1Z.
1. 14. 1.
1b. 17. 1b.
LML |LLLN |L LLVNL T T
1S. Z. Z1.
ZZ. Z. Z4.
Z. Zb. Z7.
TZ LmL |LLLN |L LLVNL
Zb. ZS. .
1. Z. .
4. . b.
LML |LLLN |L LLVNL T
7. b. S.
4. 41. 4Z.
4. 44. 4.
T^ LML |LLLN |L LLVNL
4b. 47. 4b.
4S. . 1.
Z. . 4.
LML |LLLN |L LLVNL T
. b. 7.
b. S. b.
b1. bZ. b.
T LML |LLLN |L LLVNL
b4. b. bb.
b7. bb. bS.
70. 71. 7Z.
LML |LLLN |L LLVNL T1
7. 74. 7.
7b. 77. 7b.
7S. b0. 61.
T LML |LLLN |L LLVNL
bZ. b. b4.
b. bb. b7.
bb. bS. S.
LML |LLLN |L LLVNL T
S1. SZ. S.
S4. S. Sb.
S7. Sb. SS.
Z LML |LLLN |L LLVNL
1. 11. 1Z.
1. 14. 1.
1b. 17. 1b.
ZT
LLU1LN PN LLmmLN1PY
1 Kcy I KgJ (>2 Qh2) SI1+/Sc4+/St3 2
QxI1/Qxc4/Qxt3. Thc WK voIuntai1y waIks
intotwo chccks toprovidc thc kcy.
2 Sct: I...Sa7 2 c7. But Whitc cannot rctain
this sct matc, so cy l Qb4, waiting. 1...Sa7/
Sc7/Rxd7/Rxc6/cxI5/Ixc5 2 Qb6/Qb8/Q/
Qc7/Rc8/Qh4. ln 5 variations thc mating piccc
makcs usc oI an epen gate, through which it
passcs to givc matc. In thc sixth, thc opcncd
gatc is on thc Iinc bctwccn thc BK and thc
aivaI sguacothcmating piccc.
J Sct: 1...g6/B- 2 Qxh6/Qh8. Try I Qh2? c62
Qd6. 1...c5! 1ry I Qh5? c6 2 Qc5. 1...c5! Kcy
I QaI! g6/B-/c6 2Qh8/Qxg7/QaJ. Whitc trics
to maintain thc two sct matcs, but 1...c5 must
bc providcd mr. 2 Qh8 rcappcars as a matc
acr thc kcy, but now mI1owing I...g6,g5
(mate transrence). Ihe ctenticl c00k5 (un-
wcnteJ cltemctive scluticnsjJ QhJcnJJQh4
must be reventeJ, which ccccunts /cr the Ie4
cnJ the csiticn c/ the HK
4 5ct: 1... Qg4+/Qg5/ScJ2 Kd5/Kc4/KxcJ. Try
I KcJ? (>2 KI4) QgJ+ 2 Kc4. l...Qg4! Kcy I
Kc5! (>2 Kb5) Qg5+/ScJ/Sc7/B- 2 Kc6/
Kb4/Kd6/Qxg2. Thc whitc Reyal battery must
opcn somchow, but, surprisingIy pcrhaps, thc
K movcsawayom his oppositcnumbcr.
5 Kcy I Bxe5, waiting. 1...Rh4+/RI4/Rxd4/
Sxd4/Sd2/dxc5/bc5 2 Bh2/BxI4/Bxt3/Bxc4/
BxI6/Qd7/Qxt. Thc BR and BS arc half-
pinned: whcn oncpiccc movcsaway, thc othcr
is1ccomp1ctcIy pinncd, aIIowing a pin-mate.
6 Kcy I QbJ (>2 Qxd5) Bxc4/Sbc4/Sgxc4/
dxc4/bc4/Kxc4 2 Qb8/SdJ/Sxt3/Qb5/Rxg5/
QcJ. A random capturc on c4 (I...Bxc4)
a11ows2 Qb8. Thc 5 othcr capturcs cerrect thc
crror oI causing a selt-bleck on c4, but cach
carrics a ncw wcakncss that Icads to matc. Ihe
Kg7 is unJeruseJ, but it is hcrJ tc see hcw tc
give it mcre tc Jc (e.g. c mcte cn the e-J|lej
withcut the cJJiticn c/ /urther ieces.
lrrelevcnt by-puy wculJ ccntribute ncthing tc
the rcblem.
7 Try I Qc1? SI6/ScJ/Sg- 2 Qc7/Qh4/Qc8.
1...Sc6! Try I Qc2? (>2 Qc8) Sb6 2 Qc7.
1...ScJ! Try QbJ? (>2 Qb8) Sb6 2 Qxb6.
1...Sb4! Kcy I Qa4!, waiting. 1...SI6/Sb6/Sg-
2 Qa5/Qh4/Sc6. Thc W duc1s with thc BSs.
Ihe Ico revents c threct 2 Qccer the key.
IJeclly this I shculJ be blcck cnJ cn cJ, but
then the tt} J Qe1 wculJ hcve c Jucl
re/utcticn (I. . . c4! cs wellcs ! .. . 5eo!j.
8 Sct: 1...Sc-/Sc- 2 Qa7/Qc8. Kcy I b7,
waiting. 1...Sa7/Sb8/S-/Sc8 2 b8S/Qb5/Qxc6/
bxc8Q. Hcrc thc WQ can a1rcady copc with a11
thc movcs oI thc BSs, cxccpt mr 1...Sxd4. But
thcrc isno way oI rctaining thc sct matcs, so a
ncwbattIcbcgins.
9 Kcy I 5g4, waiting. 1...b4/cxbJ/c2/d1/
d5/bg4/t3/g2 2 Qxc4/QdJ/Qxd2/QxdI/Qc5/
Qc4/QcJ/Qt2. Thc cight pawn-movcs 1cad to
diI!rcntmatcs bythc Q.
10 Try l gJ? (>2 Sg2) hxgJ! Try I I4? (>2
S) Qc2! Try l d4? (>2 SdJ) RcJ! Kcy I
RU! (>2 Sc2) SxdJ/Sxt3 2 SxdJ/Sxt3. 1rics
and cy iI1ustratc square-vacatien. Thc addi
tiona1try I g4? is rcmtcdby 1...hxgJc.p.!
11 Sct: 1...dxc2/cJ 2 Rd4/cxdJ. Kcy I Ra1,
waiting. 1...dxc2,d2/cJ/B- 2 QbI/Ra4/Qh7.
Thc sct matcs makc thc soIvcr rcIuctant to
movc thc R. Oncc it has Ic d1, it must makc
way mr thc Q to matc on b1 (a Bristel
clearance). 1. . . gJ cllcws c dMu. 2 Qx]J cr 2
ex]J. Ihere isnc cint intt}ing tc revent this,
cs it hcs ncthing tc Jc with the mcin iJec c/
thercblem.
12 Kcy I BhJ (>2 Rxg5) 5xhJ/Sxc4/Sc6/
Sxt/Qxt/Qc8 2 QI5/Rg6/Qb5/Rxg8/c8Q/
bc8Q. Opcn gatcsby thc BS thc WQ and thc
WRmovcthroughg5to dcIivcrmatc.
1J Try l Bc6? (>2 Kg5) Ra5 2 Rg8. I... g2!
Kcy l Kg5! (>2 B-) Ra7/Ra5+/Ra4/Ra2/
Ra1/g2 2 Bd7/BI5/Bg4/Bg2/BI1/Bxg2. Half-
battery in a miniature sctting (7 picccs or
wcr). II 2 Kg5 is to bc thrcatcncd, 1...Ra5
ZZ LML |LLLN |L LLVNL
mustbc catcrcd mr, hcncc thc B's choiccoIc6
inthc try.
14 Try I Qc6? Bxa2/Bc2 2 Rd1/Qd5. 1...c2!
Kcy I Qg4!, waiting. 1... Bxa2/Bc2/c2/Kc2 2
OOO/Qd4/Qxc2/Qc2. Thc pont Ics in thc
changed mate acr 1...Bxa2: acr thc try thc
WK must contnuc to guard to c2, but
m1Iowng thc kcy thc castIng movc s ncccs
sary, so that thc WK guads c2. (In chcss
prob1cms, cast1ng is dccmcd to bc1cga1 un1css
t can bc provcd that cthcr K or R must havc
movcd n thc tctitious gc" 1cading to thc
diagram poston.) Thc kcy hcrc s o thc
give-and-take vacty: c4 s takcn away as a
BK-t1ght, and c2 oHcrcd n cxchangc. It s a
wcakncss that I...Kc4 docs not havc a sct
matc.
15 Kcy I B7 (>2 Qxd4) S~/Sc6/Sc6/SxI5/
Sf/Sc2/Qd2/gxh6 2 Qxc7/Qd5/Qc5/QxI5/Qx
cJ/Qc2/SxgJ/SI6. A randem movc by thc BS
(c.g. tob5, bJ, c2) aI1ows 2 Qxc7.Thcrc arc 5
cerrectien whcrc thc S prcvcnts ths matc by
a cacm1 choicc oI arrvaI sguac. Eah tmc
Whtc answcrs wth a Qmatc. Ihe ShJ is
neeJeJtcgivethemcte2 SxgJcer . QJ2.It
is usuclly cn cJvcntcge such c iece ccn be
given c seccnJ}ncticn withcut the cJJiticn o/
tcc much /crce (e.g. nc mcre thcn cne blcck
unitj. Here ncthing extrc wcs neeJeJ. Ihe lJ7
hels tc hiJe the HK, which must be scme
where.
16 Try I g7? (>2 Qg5) I6! Try I cxd7? (>2
Qxc5) gxI6! Try I b5? (>2 QaJ) d6! Try I
dxc5? (>2 Qc5) d5! Kcy I d5! (>2 Qc5) d 2
Qa7. Somchow thc WQ must pcnctratc thc
waI1oIpawns.
17 Kcy I 5g5, waiting. I...Qxf+/Qg4+/
Qxh4+/Qxg5/Qh6/S~/g6/cxG 2 BgJ/bg4/
Rxh4/Bxg5/c4/Sc6/RI8/Qd2. Thc self-pin oI
thc BQ 1cads to a cress-check matc by thc
unpinncdWB. 1. ..eJ cllcws the Jucl 2 QgJ cr
2 Qh2. JJing c HI h2 tc revent this is
cintless.
18 Sct: 1...R~/g2 2 Qxg4/Qt2. Kcy Bxg4,
watng. 1...Rxc5+/Rh5/Rxg4/g2/cxb2 2 Bc2/
Bxh5/QI6/R2/Rc4. A mutate: cvcry b1ack
movchas a sct rcp1y n thc diagram, butWhitc
cannot mantan thc bIock position and must
thcrcmrc ntroducc ncw matcs. Thc changcs
and thc added mate (I...Rxg4 2 QI6) ncIudc
a switchback by thc B (2 Bc2).s is cen the
ccse with mutctes, quite c lct c//crce is cn the
bccrJ tc elimincte white wciting mcves thct
wculJ ccck L.g., remcve the Is cn the b- cnJ
c-]les cnJ cJJ BI J4. Ihere cre then ccck
bytheKc2, cnJtwcmcreby1 KJ2 cnJ1 SeJ!
19 Try I Rd5? (>2 S~) Rc2 2 Rxa5. 1...Ra4!
Try I RaJ? (>2 S~) a4! Try I S~? (>2 R~)
Ra4! Kcy I 5aJ! (>2 R~) Rb2/Rc2+/Rxd2/a4
2 RbJ/RcJ/Rxd2/Rd5. Whch haII-battcry
pccc gocs whcrc? This s thc soIvcrs usuaI
dIcmma wthsuchprobIcms.
I0 Sct: 1...Sd~/Sxc8/SI~ 2 Qt7/Qxc8/Qg7.
Kcy I f (>2 Qg8) Sxt7/Sc7/Sg7 2 Qx/
Qh6/Qxd6. Ths s a bleck-threat n thc
dagram cvcry b1ack movc has a sct rcp1y, but
Whtc, unab1c to maintain thc b1ock, p1ays a
kcy that carcs a thrcat. In its crigincl /crm,
with the SJo cn ho, this wcs nct c blcck-threct
butc mutcte, with the scme key. But the ccck1
Qh7 mecnt thct the S hcJ tc be csiticneJ cn
Jo, sc thct 1 Qh7 wculJ /cil tc 1. . . Sxe! It is
ciqthct, intheccrrectversicn, this ccture,
set with the rely 2 Qxe, gives c Jucl cer
the key (2/eQ well cs the threc. Hhen
ycur cim is c minicture setting, ycu ccnnct
simlycJJ/crce tc elimincte c ccck!
I1 Try I QI1? S7~/S5~/c4/g5 2 Sxb5/QdJ/
QI6/SdI5. 1...b6! Kcy I Qh1!, waiting.
I... S7~/S5~/c4/g5/b6/c2/cxd2 2 Qd5/Qc4/Qh8/
ScI5/Sc6/Qg1/Qa1. Four matcs ac changcd
bctwccn thc virtual play (introduccd by thc
try) and thc actual play (m1Iowing thc kcy).
During the ccnstructicn c/ this rcblem, the
questicn crcse whether 1 @1 cr 1 Qh1 shculJ
be the key. Ihe Jucl cer 1 @1 e2 (2
Qg1/@j JeciJeJ the issue.
II Kcy I QgI, watng. 1...d1Q/d1S/I!Q/
I1 S/bJ/bxaJ/f/g5/S~ 2 Qxt2/Bc1/Qxd2/Qxgl/
Bxc5/RxaJ/Qg5/SI5/Qf. A study n dual-
aveidance by promotng pawns. 1...d2-dI
LML |LLLN |L LLVNL ZO
sccms to aIIow two matcs, but actuaIIy onIy
onc is pIayabIc if BIack promotcs to Q (2
Qxt2) and thc othcr ifthc promotion is to 5 (2
Bc I ). 5imiIa pIay occurs acr promtions by
thc f-pawn. In a 2-movcr BIack's choicc of R
or B mr a promoting P is not dccmcd to givc
risc to a duaI (aItcrnativc matcs), cvcn ifWhitc
has two possibIc matcs as a rcsuIt (hcrc
I...d1B? 2 Qxt2 or 2 Bc1). Ihe HK c2 cnJ
HB cJ ecch give c seccnJ mcte, cnJ cnly c
singleBI is neeJeJ tc mck this cssible. One
rcrely hcs suchluckwhen ccmcsing! Ihe ky,
hcwever, is rcther strcng cnJ cbvicus - nct sc
luc[here.
IJ Try I Qg8+? Rt7/Rc6/5c6 2 5f4/5

J/Bb7.
I...c6! Try I Qg5+?Rt/Rc5 2 5f4/5cJ. I...c5!
Try Qh1+? 5c4! Kcy l Q+! RG/Rc4/5c4
2 5f4/5cJ/Qa2. A three-phase probIcm, in
which Whitc's chccking trics and kcy Icad to
transrrcd pin-matcs. Chccking kcys arc not
common in thc 2-movcr, but thcy (and chcck-
ing trics) ac usticd whcn thc pIay is of
intcrcst and cannot bc achicvcdothcrwisc. Ihe
HKb4 cculJ be relcceJ byc HB cJ, withthe
HS /1 mcveJ tc JJ tc rule cut the set check
1. . . Kb1+. But then the HQ wculJ hcve been
unJer cttcck ]cm the Ke1, cnJ even in c
rcblem with checking tries cnJ ky this
seemeJ unJesircble.
I4 Try I QG? Ra7 2 Qt8. I ...Rt7! Try ! c7?
Ra7 2 c8Q. I ...Rxc7! Kcy I Qd5!, waiting.
I...Ra7/Rb7+/Rxc6+/Rd7/Rc8 2 Qd8/cxb7/
Qxc6/cxd7/c7. CIcaIy a matc must bc a-
rangcd aIong thc top rank acr 1...Ra7. OnIy
onc of thc thrcc pIausibIc ways to do this
catcrs tor aII thc movcs of thc R. Hhy the HS
co, cnJ nct c HI c7 Beccuse c/ the ccck J
Kc7Kc72 Qc4.
I5 Try c5? (>2 Qc4) Qh4/Qg4 2 f4/bg4.
I.. .Qf5! Kcy I f4!, waiting. I...Qg5/Qf5/
Qc5/Qd5/Qxc5+/5- 2 c5/cxf5/5xc5/cxd5/
Qxc5/5b4. othcr haIf-battcry probIcm, in
which thc try carrics a thrcat but thc kcy waits
mr BIack to commit himscI
I6 Kcy I QM, waiting. 1...bc6/f6/f5/bg6/Kf6
2 Qf4/Qh6/Qxt/Qxc7/Qxc7. Fickaninny. dif-
rcntiatcd matcs acr thc maximum 4 movcs
of a singIc BP. Nc neeJ tc wcrt} cbcut !
Qx]/ cs c ctenticlccck: it`s stclemcte!
7Trics I Qg1/Qh1/Qc1/Q!/Qg2? 5b2! Trics
l QhJ/QdJ? Ka2! Kcy QO!, waiting.
1...5b2/Ka2 2 QaJ/Qa8. OnIy thc kcy providcs
matcsmr BIack's twostrongcst dcnccs.
I8 Kcy I e7 (>2 Qc6) 5xb4/5b6+/5c7/
5xc7+/5xf4/Qc4+/Qxb4/5G/5f5 2 Rb4/Rxb6/
Rc7/Rxc7/R7b5/Rxc4/Rxb4/Qg6/QtJ.5 opcn-
ings of thc masked B+Rbattcry.Whitc's Q+B
battcryis givcnnochanccto rc!
I9 Try Qd7? 5cJ/5b4 2 QdJ/Qd1. I...5cJ!
Kcy I Qb7! 5xf4/5b4 2 QG/Qh1. AmaingIy,
thc Q has onIy onc sguac om which shc can
answcr aII thc B5's movcs. Nct J QxJJ
stclemcte!
J0 Try Bxd2? b5 2 BbJ. 1...bxa5! Try I
BdJ? d1Q! Kcy I BeI! (>2 BcJ/Bxd2). I...b5/
bxa5/Bb8 2 Bd1/Bc5/5xb6. What to do about
thc Pd2 whcn it promotcs to Q? Answcr:
arrangc a doubIc shut-eff, on thc diagonaI
d1-g4, and on thc d-Ic.
J1 5ct: 1... Rc6/BaJ 2 Qxc6/Qd4. Kcy I 5c6
(>2 Qxc7). 1...Rc8+/Rt7+/Rg7/Rxc6/Rd7/BaJ
2 dxc85/cxt7/c7/d8Q/cxd7/Qc5. Thc probIcm
was buiIt aound thc post-kcy activity of thc
BR. Thc two sct matcs changcd by thc kcy
wcrc aIucky addition.
JI Try I Qb7? 5-/Qc5 2 QbJ/Qb4. 1.. .Qa5!
Kcy IQd7!, waiting. I...5~/Qc5/Qd6/Qb6/a5
2 QdJ/Qa4/Qb5/Qd5/Qd4. Thc WP c4 is thc
rcasonwhy thctrymiIs.
JJ 5ct: I...Rc7+ 2 Kxc7. Kcy I QeJ (>2
Qxa7) Rc7+/Rb7 2 5xc7/axb7. Thc soIvcr may
bc rcIuctant to abandon thc RoyaI battcry with
thcsctrcpIy tothc chcck.
J4 Try I Bc2? Qb2! Try I BdJ? Qd4! Try I
Bf5? 5-! Try Bg6? Bh8! Kcy I Bh7!,
waiting. I ... Qb2/QcJ/Qd4/Qc5/5-/Bh8/Rc-/
Rc6/Rf~ 2 Qxb2/QxcJ/Qxd4/Bxc5/Qf4/Qxh6/
Bc7/Rxc6/Rt.Trics with cemmen errer. mur
Z^ LML ||LLLN |L| LLVNL
tmcsthc B obstructs thcWQso that BIack has
a pIayabIc rctaton. Thc B has to movc to
opcnthc Incto c6(I ...Rxc6 2Rxc6).
J5 Try I Rh6? (>2 Bxc4) 5-! Try I Rf6!? 5-
2 Rf5. 1...5c5! Try I Rc6!? 5- 2 Rc5. 1...f5!
Try ! Ra6!? 5- 2 Ra5. I ...5c5! Try ! Rb6!?
5- 2 Rb5. I ...5c5! Kcy I Rc6!! (>2 Bxc4)
5-/f5/5d62Rc5/Bg8/Rxd6.White cerrectien
thc tirst try s a rdom movc by thcR, whch
taIs to provdc a matc mr 1... 5-! Four turthcr
trcs corrcct ths crror, but thrcc of thcm arc
cftcd by a spccitic B5-movc. Thc murth try
( I Rc6!?) s a whtc scIf-ntcrtcrcncc. Thc kcy
s a doubIc corrccton cvcrythng s provdcd
mr, nd no ncw wcakncsscs occur. Ihe BI e4
merely cllcws J K/o! tc wcrk cs c tt} (1...S~
? Kfj. It is c mcct cint whether this I is
ust|ed this hcJ been c bcck c/m8r8dlhS
(rcblems with -J? iecesj, it wculJ certcinly
hcve been cmitteJ!
J6 Try I Rc2? 5d1 2 Rc5. 1...B-! Try I Rd2?
5c- 2 Rd5/Rc2. 1...5d1! Kcy I Rf4!,
watng. 1...5c-/5c4/5d5/B-/R-/5c1/5d2 2
R5/5c4/5dJ/Rc4/Rb5/5c4/5dJ. Whtc's BR
battcry s doubIy maskcd, by pcccs that ac
haIf-pnncd by thc R's movcs Ihe S bJ cnJ
theB c? cre cn the bccrJ sclely beccuse there
is nc cther wcy tc stc ? BxJ4 cer
1...Sc4/SJJ.
J7 Kcy l Qb5 (>2 Qxd7) Ra7/Rd8 2 Qb8/
Qh5. Thc computcr cIams o 5oIuton, bc
causc t s not programmcd to know that BIack
can't castIc! (Thcrcason why,of coursc, s that
BIack'sIast movcmusthavc bccn wthK orR,
snccthc Ps havc not movcd.)
J8 5ct: 1...5b-/c5/cxf4 2 Qc4/Qd5/Rd4. Try l
RJ? (>2 QtJ) 1...5gJ! Kcy I RO!, watng.
1...5b-/c5/cxf4/5f- 2 QdJ/Qb7/Rxf4/RcJ. Thc
pendulum kcy chgcs thc sct rcpIcs to thrcc
bIack dctcnccs. Ihe 5 /1 is c veuse/ul iece.
In cJJiticn tc gucrJing eJ, it rcviJes c
re/utcticn/cr thetJKhJ
J9 Try I Qc1? (>2 Qc6) 5cJ/5c7 2 Qb4/Qxc7.
I ...Bc4! Try I Qa4? (>2 Qc6) 5b4/5c7 2
Qxb4/Qf4. 1...b5! Kcy I QcI! (>2 Qc6)
5f4/5c7/Rc8 2 Qc7/Qh2/Rd7. A thrcat of matc
on c6 s rcmtcd by a Inc-cIosng dcncc
(I ...Bc4! ). 5o Whtc swtchcs to thc Ic and
thrcatcns matc on c6, but hs tirst attcmpt !IIs
muI of othcr Inc-cIosng rcfutaton (1...b5!).
OnIyonc2 cthcQavodbcingshutoH.
40 Try ! dxc6? Rd8/Rd7/fxc6 2 cxt7/cxd7/t7.
1... Rxc6! Try I Rxc7? Rd8/Rxc6/cxd5 2
Rd7/Rxc6/Rc7. 1...Rxd5! Kcy I Qb5!, watng.
1...Rd8/Rxc6/Rxd52 d6/dxc6/Qxd5. Whtchas
thrcc ways of scttng upa battcry to copc wth
movcs of thc BR. Thc thrcc unts WQ WR
and W d5 ntcract wth onc anothcr n a
cycIc pattcrn. Ihe B+I bctte tc right
serves mcinly tc rcviJe c mcte cer J deo
/eo (?]/j.Hcwever, the B dces ct lecst gucrJ
/o thrcughcut the lcy, thereby ]ustging its
existence. AnJ mcving this B tc gJ cnJ
remcving the IgJ wculJ lecJ tc the ccck J
Qb?, which cculJ cnly be reventeJ by the
cJJiticn c/c HI!
41 Try I 5h6? (>2 5g4) Bh! Tr I 5h4? (>2
5tJ,5xg6)Bh5! Tr I 5g7? (>2 Rc6) Bt7! Try
I 5c7? (>2 5c6,5xg6) Bc8! Try I 5gJ?
Bh5/Bt5/Bxc4 2 Qg5/cxf5/Qxc4. 1...Bh7! Kcy
I 5d4! (>25c6,5tJ,Rc6) Bxc42 QgJ. ThcW5
battIcs t out wth thc BB. n thc cnd thc onIy
way s tothrcatcn thrcc matcs. Thc thrcc bIack
movcs that rctutc thc trcs, 1...Bh5/Bt7/Bc8,
aIIow thc thrcats to work n pars. Ihe lcy
cer J 5gJ is better thcn thct /cllcwing the
key. But there is nc wcy c/ rcviJing c mcte
cer 1 ... Bh7. AnJ in cny ccse J 5J4l ccnnct
be re/uted Ihe cyclic cecrcnce c/ the
thrects erhcs rcviJes scme ccmenscting
interest.
4I Try I Rc1? (>2 Rg1) t2/5cJ 2 RgJ/RxcJ.
I ...5c5! Try I Rb1? (>2 Rg1) 5c/5cJ 2
Rxc5/RxcJ. I ...t2! Try I RxtJ? (>2 RgJ) f4!
Try I Ra6? (>2 Ra8) bxa6/5b6 2 Rb8/Rxb6.
I ...5d6! Kcy I Rxb7! (>2 Rb8) 5b6/5d6 2
Rcxb6/Rxd6. Four trcs and a kcy makc ths
maskcd haIf-battcry probIcm gutc a puIc mr
thc soIvcr. Icu ccnnctscveunits by remcving
the Is ho cnJ h7 cnJ shjing the whcle
csiticn cne]le tc the right, beccuse thcse Is
LML |LLLN |L LLVNL ZD
wculJ be neeJeJ tc stc ccck cn the new
c-le.
4J 5ct: 1... Rc2/Bc2/5- 2 BxdJ/RcJ/Qc5. Kcy
I QdI, waiting. 1...Rc2/Bc2/5-/Kd4/d4 2
QxdJ/QcJ/Qf4/Qb4/Bb7. MutuaI intcrfcrcncc
bctwccn BR and BB on thc samc sguarc s
tccd a Grimshaw, acr a famous Ith-
ccntury composcr. Hcrc thc matcs toIIowng
thc Ormshaw arc changcd by thc tght-gvng
kcy.Ths probIcmwascomposcdinits cntrcty
without sight ofthcboard.
44 Try I Qc1? (>2 Qh4) 5D! Try I Qa4? (>2
Qc8) 5xcJ 2 Qh4. 1...f4! Kcy I QcI! (>2
Qxf5) 5cJ/f4 2 Qh2/Qg6. Thc Q makcs
thrcats ofmatc tomthrcc dtcrcntdrcctons.
45 Kcy Qd6, watng. 1...5c-/5xa6/5a-/5b7
2 Qb8/Qxa6/Qc6/axb7. ach B5 movcs at
random, aIIowing a secendary threat to bc
pIaycd, and coccts thc general errer of thc
random movc by prcvcnting ths sccondary
thrcat,but inso doing commits ancw crror.
46 Kcy I RgI, waitng. 1..Kh2/Kxh4 2 5f1/
BD. I OO? wouId soIvc f onIy t wcrc IcgaI!
But BIack's Iast movcmust havcbccnKh2-g

,
whichmcans thatthcWRmust havcmovcd.
47 Try Qd2? Ra1+/Rb1/Rd1/Rc2/Rc4 2
5a2/5xb1/5x1/5xc2/5xc4. 1...RcJ! Kcy I
Qg5! (>2 Qd8,Bc4) Ra1+/Rb1/Rc8 2 Ba2/
BbJ/Bc6. BattcrypIay introduccd by try and
kcy, wth across-chcck matc acr 1...a1+.
48 Try I RaJ? Kxc6/cxd4 2 Rb2/Rg5.
1...Bd1+! Kcy I RaI!, wating. 1...Kxc6/
cxd4/B-/cJ 2 RbJ/Rf5/5a7/Qxa4 Whtc's
haIfbattcry s indirect in that it is amcd not
at thc BK but at a tight-sguarc. Blcck`s
re.tctcn s, un/crtunctely, brutcl, but c mcre
subtle cne wcttlJ hcve neeJeJ extrc /crce,
thereby tckng the se!tng cut c/ the MereJth
cctegct}.
49 ry I Bc6? (>

Rd5) Rt8! Try I Bg8? (>2

8Q) Rc7! Kcy Bf! (>2 g7) Rt8/c7/cJ 2
Rd/h8Q/Rh4. Thc paadoxcaI Dembrevskis
thcmc (namcd acr a wcII-known Russian
composcr) thc matc thrcatcncd by Whtc's try
s tutcd by thc vcry movc that aIIows that
matc (not now a thcat) acr thc kcy. Thc
thcmc s doubIcd hcrc n a Mcrcdth scttng.
7heK J4 s gven scmethng extrc tc Jc bythe
I e4, whch cuts the lne c1-h when mcves.
7he I e? revents c ccck by J Ke4
{... e1Q!j.
50 5ct: 1...5xcJ/5xc7 2 Qa1/Qxc7. Kcy I Rd8
(>2 Rxd5) 5xcJ/5xc7/Rb5/Bxc6/Rxc6 2 Qxc7/
Qa1/Qd4/5xG/5t. Reciprecal change: thc
two capturcs by thc 5 d5 ac answcrcd by
matcsA and B in thc sct pIay, and bymatcs B
d A acr thc kcy. 7he Jg rentcteJ se
blcck cn e cre nct lnkeJ tc the theme, but
cs the whte /crce cnJ the BB g4 neeJeJ tc
mck them wcrk hcve tc be cn the bccrJ
cnywcy, t seemeJcrcrctetcncluJethem,
cnlytheKhbeng cJJeJ /crthe urcse.
51 Try I Bd2? 5c7/5c7/5xb6/5b4/5cJ/5cJ/5f4
2 fxc7/bxc7 /Ba5/Bxb4/BxcJ/BxcJ/Bxf4.
1...5xf6! Try I Ra1? (>2 Ra8) 5xb6! Try I
Rc1? (>2 Rc8) 5cJ! Kcy I Rh1! (>2 Rh8)
5xf6/5c7/5c7 2 Bxf6/bc7/bxc7. Thc soIvcr
may bc tcmptcd by Bd2?, which sccms to
aIIow matcs acr aII thc B5's movcs (B5-
wheel). But in tact 1...5xf6!, sct with thc matc
2

Bxf6, snowunprovidcd.
5I Kcy l 5c6, waiting. I... Kxa4/Ka6/Kxc6/
c42Qa5/Qb6/Qd7/QdJ. BKstar-ights.
5J 5ct: 1...RcJ/RxgJ/Rf4/Rf5/RD 2 bcJ/
bgJ/G/f4/QxD. Try QhI? RxdJ/RxD/Rf4 2
Qd5/Qc4/Qd5. 1...5cJ! Try I Qf1? (>2 5c6)
RxdJ2 QxdJ. 1...Rf6! Try Qc1?RxdJ/Rf5 2
Qf4/QcJ. 1...Rxt2! Kcy I Qe1! (>2 Qc4)
RxdJ/Rf4/5cJ/5d2 2 Rxg4/QcJ/QxcJ/Qa1.
Thcrc s a sct Albine (tour movcs by a WP)
which swcrs tour of thc BR's movcs, but
BIack's strongcst movc, 1...RxdJ, has no sct
matc. Thc thrcc uics and thc kcy providc tour
diHcrcntrcpIics.
54 Kcy I QhI (>2 Kc7) Bb8/Kb8 2 Kxb6/
Qh8. Thc Ightcst probIcm n thc book. Dd
youspotthckcy atoncc?
Z LML |LLLN |L LLVNL
55 Kcy I Ra7, watng. I...Qa8/Qc8/Qd8/
c8/Qf8+/Qc7 2 bxa8Q/b85/cxd8Q/b8Q/
cx5/c8Q. Thc R sccms wcII pIaccd, bcing
ambushed bchnd thc BQ. Thc kcy inuoduccs
sixdHcrcntatcd promotions bythctwo WPs.
56 Try I c7? R/Rt7/Rxg6/Rc6 2 cxf8Q/
gxt7/Rxg6/5f5. I...Rf5! Kcy I 7!, watng.
I ...Rt8/Rt7/Rf5/Rxf4/5c7/dxc6/b5 2 gxQ/
cxf7/5xf5/Qxf4/QaJ/Qc6/Qc5. Whtc's try and
kcy arc obvous cnoug

movcs n ths maskcd

haIf-battcry arangcmcnt, but thc soIvcr may
notmmcdatcIyspotthcrcmtationofthc try.
57 Try I Bd-? (>2 5d4) cJ 2 BdJ. 1...c5! Try
I Bc5!?(>2Qf4) bc5! Kcy I Bxf6!! (>2Qg5)
Kxf6/gxf6/Bxf6/cJ 2 Qf4/5d4/5d6/QfJ.
Threat cerrectien: sncc random Bmovcs faI
to I ...c5!, Whitc trcs bIockngths P, but n so
dong cuts out hs intaI thrcat through unpin
of c5 and introduccs a ncw onc. Whcn ths tr
aIso !Is, Whtc brngs in a thrd thrcat by
capturngthc P f6 and guardng g5.Thcmovcs
thrcatcncdbythc tricsrcappcaras matcs n thc
post-kcy varaton pIay. It is regrettcble thct
1...eJ!Je/ects the rcnJcmtries by the B in twc
wcys, ncmely by gucrJing J4 cnJ by unpin-
ning cJ. But withcut the threct c/ c pin-mcte, I
BeJl wculJ nct be c ccrrecticn. Ihe chcngeJ
cnJ trcns/erreJ plcy ccmpensctes tc scme
extent /cr this weckness.
58 Try I Kf6? (>2 Qc7) Ra7! Kcy I 5d5! (>2
Qc7) OOO/Kd8/Ra72 Qb7/Qf8/Qb8. nno. J7
BIack cannot castIc hcrc, of coursc, hc can - f
Whtc wII Ict hm!
59 Kcy I (>2 Qc7) Qc8+/Qd8/Qc8/Q/
Qxh5/Qc5+ 2 bxc85/Qxd8/fxc85/Qf6/f8Q/
bc5. Thc BQ's movcs Ica to sx dtIcrcnt-
atcd matcs, incIudng thrcc promotons. I
5xh is stc/emcte, which is why the HI hJ is
nctcBI h4.
60 Try I 5xf6? (>2 BxD) B! Kcy I Bxf6!
(>2 5xD) Bf8/Bxf6/5-/5xdI 2 g6/Qh7/Qg4/
5xgJ. As wthmany haIf-bacry probIcms, thc
gcstions mr thc soIvcr arc Whch pccc?"
andWhcrc to?"
61 Try I 5? (>2 Qxf4)Bxd5/bc5 2 Rad5/
5!. I...Bxh7! Kcy I c! (>2 Qxb4) Bxd5/
Bxc5/f5/5cJ/5cJ 2 Rhxd5/5b5/h8Q/QD/Qb2.
Whtc's nitiaI P-movcs shut oH onc or thc
othcr so thatn cachphasc thcrc s onIyonc
rcpIyto I ...Bxd5.
Z Kcy I Be6, wating. I...h6/5-/Bg-/Bxc6/
Bxc7+/Rxt7+/Bd-/Rc8/Rg8 2 Kg6/Kg5/Kf5/
Kxc6/Kxc7/Kxf7 /cxf8Q/fxc8Q/fxg8Q. Thc
RoyaI bacry opcns sx tmcs. Thc kcy
prcvcnts thc B g4 om pIaying to d7 or c8.A
mincr Jilemmc /cr the ccmpcser is tc JeciJe
where cn the Jicgcncls tc plcce the HBs. Ihe
ccmpcser libs them where they cre.
6J Kcy I c, watng. I...Kc5/KcJ/D 2
KdJ/QdJ/Q2. Whtc must provdc a matc n
rcpIy to 1. ..KcJ, and thc onIy way to do so
nvoIvcsgvngBIackanothcrght.
64 5ct: I...Bxd5+ 2 5xd5. Try I tJ? (>2 d6)
BgJ! Try I c4? (>2 d6) RdJ! Try I RJ? (>2
d6 Rh6! Try I c6? (>2 d6) Bxb4! Kcy I 5c6!
(>2 d6) Bxc6/5t7 2 Rxc6/Rxt7. Four attcmpts
to unpin thc P d5 miI bccausc Whtc opcns a
Iinc cnabIing thc BR hJ or thc BB c I toguard
thc matng sguarc. A ]|h tt} I Bc
(1 ...Bxclj cculJ be cJJeJ the BK c4 were
cn cJ cnJ c BI cJJeJ cn bJ (this tc prevent
1... Kb4l /rcm remting I Bcj. But such cn
cJJiticn wculJ Jetrcct ]cm the uniq c/ the
/curln8-0p8nlng tries.
65 Try I Rd4? Rc2! Try IRcJ? Rd2! Kcy I
b4! RbJ/Rxb4+/Rb1 2 Rc2/Rxb4/QaJ. To
rctcthc trcsbythc WR, thc BR must avod
pIayng on tothc Ic whcrc thc WR s. A piq
thct the HI cJ, neeJeJ tc prevent I KcJ /rcm
cccking, rules cut cminicturesetting.
66 Kcy I 54, waing. I ...Qd2/QxdI /c4/
5-/5f5/cJ/b2 2 Q

Qxd6/Qxg7/Qc4/Qb6/
QxdJ/5c2. Four unpns of thc W, two by
withdrawaI and two by ntcrfrcncc. 2 Qg1
wouId work cach tmc f thrcc of BIacks mur
unpnnng movcs dd not cary somc postvc
arvaI"cHcct.
LML |LLLN |L LLVNL Z1
67 5ct: I...5c4/c6 2 RG/Qc5. Kcy I Q7,
waiting. I ... 5d7/5d5/5c4/Bxt5/Bh5/c6/5h6/g2
2 QxcJ/Qc5/Qd4/QxgJ/Qg5/Qa7/Qxh6/Bt2. 6
opcn-gatc matcs, with two changcs. Comparc
no.2.
68 T I bxaJ? c2 2 Qb2. I...KbJ! Try I
bxcJ? RcJ! Try l bJ? R-! Kcy l b4!,
waiting. c2/KbJ/R- 2 Qxc2Qb1/Bd5. Mai-
mumactivity (4 movcs) byaWP: AIbinotrics.
69 Kcy I BeI, waiting. I...Qh2/Qf5/Qxc4+/
Qg4/Qg5 2 5f6/5gJ/bc4/f4/bg4/hxg5. Thc
kcy providcs tor BIack's on1y movc 1acking a
sct rcpIy (I...Qd6) without sacricing thc sct
matcs, which incIudc unpins of thc 5 and a Q
scIf-pin.
70 5ct: I...gxhJ 2 G. Try I Qc2? (>2 Qxg4)
gxhJ 2 Qh5. l...G! Try l Qc4? gxhJ/G 2
Qxf4/Qxg4. l...c5! Kcy I Qe5!, waiting.
I...gxhJ/G/cxf5 2Qxf4/QgJ/Qxc7. Whitcmust
abandon thc sct matc and has two possibIc
ways of providing a ncw onc. Hhy the I cJ
Hithcut it JQb4 ccck.
7 Try I 5Jxb5? (>2 5cJ) Ka4/Bb4 2
QaJ/Qa7. I...Qxc7 Kcy I 57xb5! (>2 5c7)
b6/Ka6/Qd5/BcJ/cxb5 2 QaJ/Qa7/bxa8Q/
Ra2/Qxb5. Thc matcs 2 QaJ and 2 Qa7 arc
transtcrrcd bctwccn thc virtuaI and thc actuaI
pIay. Thc thrcats arc switchbacks of thc 5. Ihe
HK`s csiticn revents c ctenticl ccck by J
KJ? (... QJJ+!j.
7I 5ct: I...Kd6/Bd6 2 c8Q/Qxc8. Kcy I Qf
(>2 c85) Kd6/Bd6/Bd8/Rc8/Rt8 2 Qd5/c8Q/
cxd8Q/Qc6/cxQ. Four ditcrcnt promotions
ofthc WP, with somc incidcntaIsct p1ay.
7J Kcy I Bb4, waiting. I...Qf1/QcJ+/Qxd4+/
QxbJ/Qxb4/Qxc2 2 RbI/RxcJ/Rb2/BxbJ/
Qxb4/RaJ. Unpinning thc BQ aIIows thrcc
chccks - but Whitccancopc!
74Try lRcJ?(>2Rf5) QdJ+/Qh4/Qh2/bg5 2
RdJ/Rd4/Rd2/R5. l..Qh1! Try I Rg4? (>2
RdJ) Qh1! Try I ? (>2 h85) Qxh4 2 Rd4.
I...Bxh7! Try I Rf5? (>2 RcJ) gxf5! Kcy I
RdJ! (>2 Rg4) QxdJ/Qh2/Qh1/bg5 2 h85/
Rc2/Rc4/Rt4. ach WR canshut o thc BQ in
two dircctions to thrcatcn matc by a sccond
shut-o. UnIcss shc can givc chcck, thc Q
muststa on thc h-Ic, or cIsc Whitc wiII pIay
2h85.
75 Try I Qc2? (>2 Qc6) 5c4 2 Qg2. 1...5!
Kcy I QeI! (>2 Qc6) 5b8+/5c5+/5c5/5f6/
5c4/dJ 2 Bxb8/Bxc5/Bxc5/Rg5/Qa2/QxdJ. At
rst sight thc position Iooks moc or Icss
symmctricaI. But thc WR g6 macs aII thc
ditcrcncc:2 Rg5 isavaiIab1c acr I Qc25f6.
76 Try I axb4? (>2 KcJ) ab4! Try I c5? (>2
Kc4) b5! Try I c5? (>2 Kc4) f5! Try I gxf4?
(>2 KcJ) gxf4! Kcy I Kd4!, waiting. I...bJ/
b5/G/f5 2 KcJ/Kc5/KcJ/Kc5. Fur acmpts to
nd a t1ight-sguac tor thc WK taiI. 5o Whitc
must abandon thc idca of a thrcat and pIay a
waitingmovc withthc K.
77 Try l Qh5? (>2 Qc2) f1Q 2 Qa5. 1...5gJ!
Kcy I QhI!, waiting. I...f1Q/f I 5/5gJ/Kf1 2
Qd2/Qc2/Qxt2/Qxhl. DuaI avoidancc by pro-
motion.
78 Kcy I Qh7 (>2 Qb7) d1Q/d15/Rxf1+/
Bxd4/Rc2 2 Rb2/5d2/Rxf1/Rb5/Bxc2. Corrcc-
tionby promotion: I...dlQ opcns thc Iinc tom
h2 to c2, but I...d15! prcvcnts thc matc that
this opcning aI1ows. Howcvcr, promotion to 5
is an unpin of thc 5 f1. As with sc mcny
twc-mcvers wherethe interest centres sclely cn
thecst-keylcy, mcst c/this rcblem wcs ut
tcgether withcut sericus thcught cs tc the
cssible key. It wcs c mctter c/luck thct the
csiticn cllcweJ the HQ tc mcke c gccJ
wllhdruwu ky, thereby mcking use c/ her
crthcgcncl cwers inthe threct.
79 Try I d4? (>2 Qxc5) Rxc4 2 d5. 1...c4!
Kcy I f4! (>2 Qxc5) Rc4/Rd5/Rf5/c4/Bxf4/
Bf6/5f6/5c6 2 f5/cxd5/cxf5/5d4/5xf4/Qd7/
Qc7/Qt. Thc try taiIs bccausc thc P has
occupicd a sguarc nccdcd by thc W5 c2. Thc
kcy works bccausc Whitc has thc matc 2 Qd7
acr1...Bf6, sof4canbc bIockcd bythcP.
80 Kcy I Qe6, waiting. I ...Rc8/Rt8/Rg8/
Rh8/Rxd7 2 Qxc8/gxQ/Qxg8/gxh8Q/g8Q.
Z LML |LLLN |L LLVNL
Thc Q scts up a battcry, which, howcvcr, can
ncvcropcn. Ihc HIcJstcs cccck byJQc4.
cJ is thc bcst squcrc /cr this ncccssct} unit:
cn c4, b4, c4 cr J4 it wculJ curtcil thc Q `s
cctiviq, whilc cn co it wculJ cllcw c ccck by
Jc7.
81 5ct: 1...Rxh6 2 QcI. Kcy I Qa4 (>2 R2)
Rxh6/Rg1/Rf1/RcI/5c6+/5c2/5bJ/Ra1/Rxb2 2
QdI/Rg2/R/Rc2/Qxc6/Qc2/Qc4/QxaI /RdI.
A matc sct mr BIacks strongcst movc,
1...Rxh6, is abandoncd by thc kcy, which
rcpIaccs it with anothcr and thrcatcns a
shutoH by thc B+R battcry. Ihc HK `s
csiticn cllcws /ull usc tc bc mcJc c/ thc Q `s
cbiliqtc givc Jmctcs cnc singlc]`lc.
8I 5ct: I...tJ/gJ 2 QcJ/QtJ. Kcy I Rxh4,
waiting. 1...tJ/gJ/Kxf5/5-/5dJ/c6 2 QxtJ/
5xgJ/Qc6/Qc2/Qd5/5d6.Thc kcygivcs a t1ight
and scts up a haIf-pin of thc Ps f4 and g4,
thcrcby chaning thc sct matcs that toIIow
thcir movcs.
8J Try I h4? (>2 BhJ) Qf4! Try I 5c5? (>2
BtJ) Bg1! Try I f6? (>2 Bf5) cxf6! Kcy ! h6!
(>2 Bh5) Qf4/Bxf5/5xtJ/5xg2 2 Qh4/Bxf5/
BxtJ/Rxg2. How to gct thc B out of its cago?
OnIy thc kcy docs not contain a tataI wcak
ncss.
8Try I 5cb6?(>2Rc6) Rc1/5c7 2 5cJ/Qxf6.
1...gxf4! Try I 5d-? (>2 Rc6) Rxd1! Kcy I
5db6! (>2 Rc6) Rxd1/5c7/Rxb6/Rc8/Bg2 2
5d2/Rd6/d85/dxc8Q/f5. Oncc again it is a casc
of dcciding which 5 must movc to cnabIc
Whitcto thrcatcn 2Rc6.Thcrcis corrcction by
thc 5 d5, whosc random movc faiIs to providc
amatc mr 1...Rxd1! .
85 Try I Qd7? (>2 Qxc6) Bc1/Bb2/c5/5t2 2
Qd1/Qd2/Qxg4/Rxt2. I...5xgJ! Kcy I QO!
(>2 Qxc6) Bc1/Bb2/c5/5t2,5xgJ 2 Qf1/Rd2/
Qxc4/Qt2. Thckcyworks - andthc trydocsn't
- bccausc thcQ mustmatcont2acr 1...5xgJ,
withsupport tom thcb.
86 Try I Qg8?Rxc6/Rc62 Qc4/Qg1. I...Rxt5!
Kcy I Qh8!, waiting. 1...Rxc6/Rxf5/Rd6/Rt8+
2 Qc5/Qd4/QcJ/Qxt8. Thc try Iooks morc
promising than thc kcy bccausc it caics
thrcats. Acr thc kcy thcrc arc no thrcats but
thcR mustmovc!
87 Trics I 5a5?/5c5?/5d8? (>2 K-) Bd6! Try
IKb6? Bd8+/Bc5+ 25xd8/5xc5. 1...Bd6! Kcy
I Kc7! Bd8+/Bd6+ 2 5xd8/5xd6. A study in
haIf-battcry pIay in miniaturc. Ihc B h? Jccs
ncthing c]|cr thc ky, but its rcscncc is
crucicltc thcrcblcm.
88 Try I Bt? Bxt! Try I Bh7? Bxh7! Try I
Bf5? 5xf5! Kcy I Qh6! Bt/Bh7/5f5 2
Bxt/Bxh7/Bxf5. Thc Vladimirev thcmc:
Whitc'smovcs A, B and C (thc thrcc trics) arc
rcttcdbyditIcrcntbIackdcnccs2, X andZ.
Acr thc kcy, 2, X and Z arc mIIowcd
rcspcctivcIy by A, B and C as whitc mating
movcs.
89 Kcy I e4 (>2 Qxd5) dxcJ c.p./fxcJ c.p./
Rxc5/Rxd6/Bb7 2 5xcJ/Bc2/Bt/cxd6/Qb5.
HaIfpin with cn csscnt capturcs. Ihc whitc
/crcc is nct wcll uscJhcrc, cscciclly thcB c1
cnJ S J1.But scvcrcl mcrc units wculJ hcvc
hcJ tc bc cJJcJ tc mckc cvct}thing ull its
wcight, cnJ thc csiticn is clrccJy mcrc thcn
hecv}cncugh/cr thcrclctivcly mccgrc lcy.
90 Kcy I Qg7, waiting. 1...Bxc8/Bxc6/Bxh5/
f5/dJ 2 Qc7/Qc7/Qa7/Qxc5/Qg1. A random
movc by thc BB t aIIows thrcc WQ matcs.
5pccic dctcnccs aIIow onIy onc of thcsc and
cIiminatcthc othcr two. Comparc no.86, whcrc
BIack'sthcmatic piccc isa R.
91 Kcy I 5dI, waiting. I...Qb1+/Qc2/QdJ/
Qc4/Qg6/Qd7+/xc5+ 2 5xb1/5ctJ/5xdJ/
5xc4/5xg6/5xd7/Bxc5.FourwithdrawaIunpins
ofthc 5 c5.
9I Try I 5a5?bxa52Rb8. 1...5a-! Try I 5c5?
5f6! Try I 5d4? 5c7! Try I 5d2? bI! Try I
5a1? bxa1Q! Kcy I 5c1l, waiting. 1...5a-/
5f6/5c7/b1/f6 2 Qa8/Rg5/Rd8/Qg2/Qxd5.
Whitch no possibIc answcrto 1...f6,f5 othcr
than 2 Qxd5. 5o cIcarIy thc 5 bJ must movc,
but whcrc to? OnIy onc sguarc is sa - and it
isn't in thc cocr! Four of thc trics iIIusuatc
LML |LLLN |L LLVNL Z
white interrence thc 5 cIoscs a Inc ncdcd
by anothcr whitc piccc.
9J Kcy ! axb6 e.p. (>2 b7) cxb6+/5xc8/5xc6
Z 5xb6/dxc8Q/Bxc6. What was BIack's Iast
movc?Not Kb8-a8, bccausc thc 5 a6 couId not
havc just movcd thcrc. Nor Kb7-a8, bccausc
thcP c6 hasbccnon thatsguarcmrsomc tmc.
Pb6-b5 is not possbIc cthcr, bccausc thc WK
wouId havc bccn in chcck. 5o thc c.p. capturc
s justcd. Working out prcvous pIay in ths
way s known asretregrade analysis.
94 Kcy ! RbJ, waitng. 1...Ra5/Rc5/Rd5/
Rb6/Rxb7+/RxbJ 2 5xa5/5d6/Bb5/5c5/Bxb7/
Bc4. PIcnty oIpIy tom thcBR.Asin nc. 7,
the iJec c/ the ky ccme lcte in the ccnstruc-
ticn rccess. Ihis time hcwever, the ccmcser
wcs unluc[: the ky is mckesh', cnJ there-
/crecbvicus.
95 5ct: ! ...ab6 2 Qa8. Try ! 5a8? (>2 Qb5)
Rb6 2 5c7. 1...Bb6! Try ! 5c8? Rb6 2 Qxa7.
! ... Bb6! Try ! 5d7? Rb6 2 5xc5. ! ...Bb6! Kcy
! 5d5! (>2 Qb5) Rb6/Bb625c7/5b4.Thctrcs
wth thc 5 sharc thc cemmen aim oI opcning
thc Inc b8-b5 and provding mr ! ...Rb6. But
onIy thckcy providcsmr 1...Bb6!
96 Try ! Qc4? Bxc5/BcJ/Bxb2+ 2 Qxc5/5dJ/
Bxb2. I ...c6! Kcy ! BeJ!, wating. 1...Bxc5/
BxcJ/Bxb2+/BcJ/c6/f4/bg4/5- 2 5c4/QxcJ/
Qxb2/QxcJ/Qxb8/Qxc6/5xg4/5d7.Thrccmatcs
arc changcd bctwccn virtuaI d actua1 pIay.
Ihe mcin weckness is thct the tt} cnJ key
wculJ be better the cther wcy rcunJ. But
1...co! mckes c gccJ remtcticn, cnJ Jevising
scmething cccetcble tc re/ute I BeJ wculJ
nctbe ecsy.
97 Try ! cxbJ? (>2 Kc2) a15! Try I cxb4? (2
KcJ) a1Q! Try ! d5? (>2 Kd4) c5! Try ! c5?
(>2 Kc4) d5! Try ! cxf4? (>2 KcJ) gxf4! Kcy
! RhZl (>2 Kd2) bxcJ/bcJ 2 KxcJ/KxcJ.
Fvcvan attcmptstoopcnthcRoyaIbattcry.
98 Kcy RcJ (>2 Qb4,Qc4) RxcJ/BxcJ/
Rh2/Bxh4/c4/Ra4 2 Qb4/Qc4/Rc5/RbJ/Qg5/
Qxa4. A Newetny kcy: thc WR pIays to thc
cuttng-pont of BR d BB Incs, thrcatcnng
two matcs. Capturcs of thc R cIminatc onc or
othcr of thc thrcats. Thc R itscIf dcIvcrs two
matcs, whcn thc bIack picccs movc away. Ihe
HKs csiticn is ccnvenient /cr twc recscns:
]rstly, it cllcws the inning Je/ence I...Kh?,
cnJ seccnJly it revents c Jucl cer I...e4
(nct? QhJ).
99 Kcy ! Kd2, watng. ! ... Ka2/Kb4/a2/
b4/bxc42KcJ/QcJ/QcJ/Qc2/Qb!. 5hutting oH
thc WR and so aIIowing othcr 0ight s
Whtc's onIy routc to succcss. Ihe HI eJ,
which revents IKhJ+]cm cccking, cculJbe
cltemctively cn ]J, gJ cr hJ. Hhere it is, it
lcck cs it might get invclveJ in the lcy,
e.g. c[ight were grcnteJcncJcrc4.
100 Try ! 5c6? D/gxhJ/KI4 2 R/Rg7/Ro7.
l...Qb5! Kcy ! 5d7! (>2 R-) D/gxhJ/KI4/
Qc6/Qxd7/Qb5 2 RcJ/Rc4/Rc4/Rxc6/Rxd7 /
Rc5. Thc BQ must not got to c8, om whcrc
shc wouId controI Whtc's dagonaI battcry
om two dircctons. 5o thc W5 has two
possbIcarrvaI sguarcs, but thc R c7 must bc
aIIowcd to p1ay ashut-oHmatcacr l...Qb5.
101 5ct: l...5g5 2 K. Kcy ! Rg6, watng.
I...5g5/5h4/5g1/5d4 2 Rh6/g4/Rf5R2. Thc
chgcacr 1...5g5isa Iucky bonus.
10I Try ! 5? Kf4/KI6 2 5c6/5h7. 1...Kh6!
Kcy ! MB!, waiting. I...Kf4/Kf6 2 Bh6/Bc7.
5taIcmatc must bc avoidcd, so onIy undcr-
promotons can bc consdcrcd. Othcr unigucy
dcIcatcd trcs: ! t8R? Kh6! ! Kg7? Kf4! !
Rc4? Kf6! ! Rc5+? Kf6! ! Rc6? Kf4! ! BgJ?
Kf6!
10J Try d7? (>2 Qc7) RxgJ/5c5/5d6/Rc8 2
d85/c7/Qxd6/dxc8Q. I ...Rxb8! Kcy e7! (>2
Bd7) Rg4/5c5/Rd8/d4/bxc5 2 c8Q/d7/cxd85/
QxtJ/b5. HaIf-battcry pIay wth promotions
d various othcr matcs. Ihe I]J revents the
unwcnteJ mcte ? Bg? cer 1... d4. Mcny
ccmcsers wculJ cmit it, cnJ they mcy well be
right tc Jc sc. But the I c4ccnnct be cmitteJ,
csitstcsc ccckby ISbJ.
104 5ct: 1...b5 2 Bd4. Trics ! Bh8?/Rc1?/
RI1?/Rg1?/Rh1? Ra5! Kcy ! Bd4!, watng.
LML |LLLN |L LLVNL
I...cxd6/Ra5/Ra4/RaJ+/Ra2/Rxa1 2 Bxb6/
Qxa5/Qxa4/QxaJ/Qxa2/Rxa1. Each try pro
vidcsa ditIcrcntmatc to tIIow I ...cxd6.
105 Try l Qd5? bJ/5a4/5a6 2 Qd2/Qa8/bxa6.
I ...5b7! Try l Qg7? bJ/5a4/5a6 2 QcJ/Qa7/
QaI . ...5b7! Try l Qd8? bJ/5a4/5b7 2 Qd2/
Ra8/Ra8. I... 5a6! Tr ! Qg2? bJ/5a4/5a6 2
Qd2/Qa8/Qa2. I ...5b7! Kcy l Qg1!, wating.
I ...bJ/5a4/5a6/5b7 2 Qc/Ra8/Qa1/Ra8. Thc
first two trcs l Qd5? and ! Qg7?) and thc
kc ntroducc thrcc phascs n whch thc
dc!nccs I ...bJ and I ...5a4 1cad to thrcc
ditIcrcnt pars oI matcs. This pattcrn is a
Zageruyke Thc changcs arc not of particuIar
intcrcst, howcvcr: thosc onthc dagona1, whcrc
thc Q pIays to thrcc diHcrcnt suarcs on thc
samc 1nc, wouId bc dcscribcd as cencurrent
Of grcatcr intcrcst, pcrhaps, s thc cumuIatvc
cHcct of thc try-pIay, which makcs it hard mr
thc soIvcr to dctcrmincjust whichoIthc Q's
movcs is thc kcy.
106 Try ! Rxd7? Qf6+/Qxa5/Qxc8/d5 2 Rg7/
Rb7/Rc7/d8. I ...Qg5! Kcy l exd7!, waitng.
I ...Qxc7/Qxa5/Qxc8/d5/5c8/5b5/Qxd7 2 d85/
d8Q/dxc8Q/Rc6/dxc8Q/axb5/Bxd7. A B+R
battcry ought to bc morc usc than a B+P
battcry, but pcrhaps not whcn thc P is on thc
7th rank. Ths onc promotcs mur ways in thc
scvcn post-kcy variations. Ihe S]5 Jces nct
recllyustg its existence. It prctects the HK
/rcm check by 1. .. Qxe. Sc why is the HK nct
cn J1, /cr instcnce Hell, then the rcther
lecscnt vcricticn I. ..+ ? Kg7 wculJ be
lcst. But thct`s cnly in the virtucl plcy, cer 1
KvJ7, ycu might crgue. Irue. Sc ycu
pre/er, put the HKcn J1 cnJ remcve the S]5.
Ioumcy well beright!
107 Kcy l dxc7, waiting. I...Rd2/RdJ+/
Rd4/Rd5/Rd6/Rd7/Rd8/Rcl /Bxh2/Bxt2+/
5xg6/5t3 2 Kxd2/KxdJ/Kxd4/Qc8/KI4/Qc5/
cxd85/c8Q/RI6/KxD/QI5/Kxt3. Evcry movc
by thc R d up thc Ic is sct with a matc. But
!...Rc1 must bc catcrcd tr, as wcI1 as movcs
by thc c-pawn. Thc answcr is to aIIow thc R
two morc movcs at thc top oI thc Ic. Thc
RoyaI battcry opcns six tmcs maximum
activity).
108 Try l hJ? >2 Rh2) gxhJ! Try l gxh4?
>2 RgJ,Rg4) gJ! Try ! I4! >2 RD,Rxc2)
gxt3 c.p.! Kcy l RH >2 Rgg1) hxgJ/
cxfQ/5d2/Rc42 RxgJ/Qc4/Qa1/Qa5. Whitc's
thrcctrics arcrcmtcd by ditIcrcntmovcs ofthc
P g4. Acr making thc kcy, thc R g1 rctircs
om thc sccncof action.

Covcr probIcm: Trics l QaJ?/Qc5?/Qh6? Kd8!
Trics l QgJ/Qf4/Qb6/Qa7? bg6! Try l Qg5?
I6! Try l g7? Kd8! Kcy l QbJ! >2Qb8) fxg6
2 Qg8. Eight trics by thc WQ and a ninth by
thc g-pawn. Ircblems where the plccing c/ the
pieces is JetermineJ by the shcpe ycu wcnt tc
prcJuce vet} cen hcve useless /crce, ncr-
mclly BIs. Fcrtunctely, in this ccse evet} unit
is neeJeJ.It is questicncble whether the scme
ccnbe sciJ /cr theprcblemcs c whcle!
OT
NL
RctcrcnccsarctoprobIcms. I Introduction.A gurcnbrackctsrctcrs toacommcnt rathcrthan to
ActuaI pIay
Addcd matc
Abno
Abush
Anticpaton
ArrivaI corrcction
ArrvaIctIcct
Battcry
BIack chccks
BIack corrccton
BIock
BIockthrcat
BrstoI cIcarancc
By-pIay
CastIing
Changcdmatc ( changc)
Chcckngkcy
CIcarancckcy
Common-aim trcs
Common-crror trcs
Concurrcnt changcs
Constructon
Cook
Corrccton
Cross-chcck
CycIc cHccts
Dctcncc
Dircct battcry
Drcct matc
Dombrovskis thcmc
DuaI
DuaI avoidancc
DucI
thcprobIcm tsc
2I ctc. Ln csscnt capturc
8
5, 68 FIght(-sguarc)
55 FIght-gvngkcy
I
6
66
OcncraI crror
Ovc-and-takc kcy
B,4ctc.
Orimshaw
! ctc.
6 ctc.
HaIt-battcry
I, I 8, 20 ctc.
20
Ha-pn
I l
6ctc.
IncompIctcbIock
Indircctbattcry
I 4, J7, (46), 58
IndirccthaIt-battcry
2, I4 ctc.
lntcrtcrcncc
2J
Intcrtcrcnccunpn
I I
5
Kcy
J4,2
Knght-whccI
I 05
I
LcgaIityotcastIing
(J)
6, I 5, 78, 84 Lnc-cIcarancc
ctc.
Lnc-cIosng
5, I 7, 47, 7J
Linc-opcnng
40, 4I
Lnc-pccc
Linc-pIay
4ctc.
Maskcdbattcry
I
MaskcdhaIt-battcry
4
MaskcdhaIt-pn
I I, 22ctc.
MaskcdIncs
B,22, 77
Matc transrcncc
7,8, 4I
I 0, 8,J, I 08
6, 4J, 57, 6J,
7I , 82,
45ctc.
I4, 52
4J
I J, I , 25, J0,
42, 56, 60, 65,
74, 84, 87, I 0J
5, J6, 82, 8
48
48
I,A ctc.
B, 66
I
(5I)
(I 4), J7, 46,
(58)
I I
J
64ctc.
I
B ctc.
28
42, 56
J6
B ctc.
J, 2J, 57, 7I
OZ LML |LLLN |L LLVNL
Maimumactvty otapiccc 26, 62, 68, 7, 5cIt-pin B, I 7, 6, I 06
I 07
5ctmatc I
Mcrcdth A, 2, J, 7, 8,
5hut-oH 6I , 74, 8I , I 00
I I , I 4, I 7, I ,
5ound(probIcm)
26, J0, JI , J2,
(J5), J8, 4J, 44, 5guarc-vacation I 0, 28, 76, 8J,
46, 47, 48, 4, 7, I 08
5I , 55, 5, 62,
5taIcmatc(avoidancc o 26, 2, 5, I 02
65, 68, 6, 70,
5tar-0ights 52
72, 7J, 8I , 86,
88, I , J, 8,
5-whccI (5I )
, I04, I 05
5wtchback I 8, 7I
Mnaturc I , I J, 20, 24,27
2, JJ, J7, 4I ,
1hcmatc try I, Cctc.
45, 52, 54, 58,
6J, 77, 80, 87,
1hcmc I
5, I 0I , I02 Thrcat I
Mutatc I 8, (20) Thrcat corrccton 57
ThrccphascprobIcm 4, 2Jctc.
NosoIution (J7) Trcswth commonaim 5ctc.
Nowotny 8 Trcswth commoncrror J4, 2ctc.
Try I
Obstructon J4, 7,2
Opcngatc 2, I 2, 2, 67, Undcrpromoton 22, I 02
86, 0
UnpnotBIack 5I , 7J
OrgnaIty
UnpnotWhtc B, I 7, 64, 66,
6, I , 4, 6
PcnduIumkcy J8 Unprovdcd0ght I 4ctc.
Phasc I Unsound (probIcm) (A)
Pckannny 26
Pn-matc 5,2Jctc. Varaton
Post-kcy pIay ( actuaIpIay) 2I ctc. VirtuaIpIay C, 2I , 7I ctc.
Promoton 22, JI , 55, 56, VIadmrovthcmc 88
5,62, 72, 77,
I 02, I 0J
Watcr
Whitccorrccton J5
Random movc 6, I 5ctc.
Whtcntcrtcrcncc J4, J, 2
RccprocaIchangc 50
WthdrawaI kcy 78
Rctaton(ottry) I
WthdrawaIunpn I 7, 66, 6, I ,
RctrogradcanaIyss 46, J
4, 6
RoyaIbattcry 4, JJ,54,62,
76, 7, I07
Zagoruyko I 05
5ccondarythcat 45ctc.
Zuycng
5cIt-bIock L, 6ctc.
DI$ I$ 8 DDDK DD\D D 8HC 8DDU\ CHC$$ [IDDCD$. DDHC VHD
KDDV$ HC DDVC$ D1 CDC$$ 8DC I$ 1u$CIH8CC D VH8 \HC [ICCC$ C8H CD
VI CHjD $UCIHg HC CI8gI8D$ 8HC VDIKIHg DU HDV HI\C, D
DDVC, C8H D8\C U8CK DH HI$ $CCDHC DDVC, VH8\CVCI CCCHCC U8CK
D8 [8. \ \DC $8DC \IDC HC HHTCUC\IDH 8HC \HC CDDDCH$ H8\
8[[C8J VIH HC $DUIDH$ VI [IDVICC 8H IH$IgH\ IHD HC CHC$$
[JDDCD 8$ 8H 8 1DJD, D CX[8IDIHg $UCD HIHg$ 8$ HC [JDDCD'$
HCDC, \DC ID\CI[8 D1 HC [ICCC$, DC IC8UDH$DI[ DCVCCH \DC DDVC$
8HC HD$C DHCJ 8$[CC\$ D1 \HC CDD[D$IIDH \H8\ gIVC CDC$$ [IDDCD$
UCIJ [8JICU8J 8[[C8.
DC 8U\HDJ, 8 JC\IJCC $CHDDD8$CJ, I$ 8 D-IDC CHC$$ [IDDCDI$.
1C 11J$\ uCC \D [JDDCD$ 8 DC 8gC D1 CCVCH, 8HC HI$ J$\ [UDI$DCC
CDD[D$I\IDH 8[[C8JCC VDCH HC V8$ CCH (Chcss, iV0). bIDCC \DCD,
\1 HC 1 Z DJIgIH8$ IH \DI$ DDDK!C\ IHCUCCC, DC H8$ [UDI$HCC 8DDU\
[JDDCD$, $DDC 1DI D1 VDICH D8VC 8[[C8JCC IH \HC /DUD$ D
$C<C\CC [IDDCD$ [UDI$DCC UHCCI HC 8U$[ICC$ D \DC 111. H \DC
$UCHgH D HI$ HC g8IHCC \DC \I\!C D1 DCH8\IDD8 W8$CI DI LHC$$
DD[D$I\IDD IH 1 VV. 1C I$ \DC 8UDDJ D1 8H AtC o[Chcss robIcms
(1VJ] 8HC CD-8UHDI D Chcss robIcms. !nlroduclion lo un Arl {1V]
8HC 7hc 1wo Aovc Chcss robIcm {1V], 8 [UDI$HCC D 18DCI, 8RC
8$D CD-8U\DDI D 1hc cricshcgmolc (Q YJC$$, 1VJ1 8HC 1VJ}. MC I$
8 CDDDI\\CC DCDDCI D1 DC UIII$H LHC$$ YJDDCD bDCIC 8HC V8$ DC
bDCIC\$ YJC$ICCH 11DD 1V \D iV3. 1C I$ CUJICH\ UII\I$H CC!Cg8C
\D YIDDCD LDDDI$$IDH D HC 11. WD$\ D1 DI$ [UDI$DCC
[JDDCD$ 8JC CIJCC\-D8\C VD-DDVCI$, DU HI$ CH\HU$I8$D CX\CHC$ D
CHC$$ [JDDCD$ D1 8 [C$.
WuIr|1h0,Qr n]Onu0n rl3Kr5 Lmhd
N 0Z4 Z