Part 1 Listening (the following listening text will be read twice.

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Stress caused by worry is both useful and problematic for people. How can it be both useful and problematic? Consider the stress some people feel when they worry about the future. Worrying about the future, though unpleasant, motivates us to get things done. We strive to accomplish certain tasks today in order to avoid unpleasant outcomes later. This would be an example of how stress actually serves a useful purpose. However, sometimes worry can have the opposite effect. Let us again take the example of worrying about the future. A certain level of worry can help us accomplish the tasks at hand but sometimes worry brings a significantly higher level of stress and turns into fear or anxiety. Although many people might understand fear and anxiety as the same thing, psychologists define these two emotions differently. Basically, fear can be understood as a normal, healthy reaction to ones situation. Anxiety, on the other hand, is typically associated with an unhealthy mental state. An additional distinction between fear and anxiety can be seen in their sources. The source of fear can be named or described. It might be an important test that is coming up, or it could be a large black spider on the wall. In contrast, anxiety is not based on a describable source. When you ask a person exhibiting the symptoms of extreme stress or worry about the cause of their distress, they cannot name it. Needless to say, such imagined, indefinable causes of anxiety and any effort to solve or avoid these problems are a waste of energy. Other than such negative effects as consuming energy and causing distraction, too much anxiety can cause people to feel overwhelmed. A persons anxiety might actually hinder his or her ability to take any action, and in severe cases, the person may be unable to even leave home. When the quality of a persons life is seriously affected by their feelings of anxiety, they are said to be suffering from an anxiety disorder. There are several types of disorders, the most common being specific phobias such as fear of spiders, fear of heights or fear of enclosed spaces. This is not a really big problem, so long as the feared situation is not important to the persons life. However, more serious anxiety disorders can be accompanied by symptoms that affect a persons physical health. When someone suffers severe physical symptoms of anxiety, it is called a panic attack. A panic attack is a sudden and intense onset of fear. As for the symptoms that accompany such an attack, the person may experience shortness of breath, sweating, trembling, or even an irregular heartbeat. These symptoms may cause the panic to become worse because the symptoms are so frightening for the individual. Obviously, a panic attack is a very unpleasant experience that the person does not want to repeat. For this reason, the individual develops even greater anxiety about having another panic attack. Anxiety disorders are serious conditions. They are not only unpleasant emotionally for the individual, but they also make it very difficult for the person to have relationships and to maintain employment. Anxiety disorders can have disastrous effects on a persons life and the way that the person functions in society. However, the good news is that, of all mental disorders, anxiety disorder has the highest rate of effective treatment.

GRADUATE SAMPLE EXAM Ege University School of Foreign Languages Preparatory English Programme Name: Number: Department / Institute: Booklet Number: Total Points: 100 Time for Listening: 15 min.

PART 1: LISTENING COMPREHENSION (10 points) Choose the best answer for each question. Then fill in the correct space on your answer sheet. 1. Stress serves a useful purpose when to _______________. a. have productive time in the future b. prevent unpleasant results later we c. d. try to complete tasks today

take action later be strong enough in the future

2. Worry turns into fear or anxiety when it _______________. a. helps us achieve a task c. is not diagnosed by psychologists b. is experienced in much higher levels d. is underestimated by parents 3. Fear is _______________. a. a severe mental state b. an unhealthy mental state c. d. a healthy mental state an unavoidable mental state

4. Fear is different from anxiety, in that _______________. a. it wastes energy c. it cant be treated b. its source cant be named d. its source can be named 5. If you suffer from anxiety disorder _______________. a. you definitely have a good quality of life b. you have no problem leaving home c. you may not have the ability to take any action d. you always have problems showing your feelings 6. All of the following are mentioned as anxiety disorders EXCEPT_____________. a. fear of spiders c. fear of enclosed spaces b. fear of heights d. fear of being unhealthy 7. Which of the following is NOT a symptom of panic attacks? a. shortness of breath b. sweating c. nausea d. shaking

8. A person develops even greater anxiety about having a new panic attack since the experience is very unpleasant. a. True b. False 9. Anxiety disorders make it difficult for the person to _______________. a. have an emotionally pleasant life b. have relationships c. maintain employment d. All of the above 10. All mental disorders are treated equally effectively. a. True b. False -END OF PART ONE-

GRADUATE SAMPLE EXAM KEY Ege University School of Foreign Languages Preparatory English Programme

PART 1: LISTENING COMPREHENSION (10 points) 1. B 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. D 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. B