What is Basic Life Support?

It is a procedure that consists of life threatening emergency recognizing respiratory arrest and the proper application of cardiopulmonary resuscitation or rescue breathing and defibrillation to maintain life until victim recovers or advance life support is available. Objectives of Basic Life Support To be able to give an early intervention to a person experiencing cardiac arrest To perform proper chest compression with the application of a high quality chest compression To perform proper rescue breathing

5 Links Chain Survival Adult

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Adult Immediate recognition of Sudden Cardiac Arrest and activation of Emergency Medical Services Early CPR Rapid Defibrillation Effective Advance Life Support Integrated Post Cardiac Arrest Care

Child or Infant
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Adult Immediate recognition of Sudden Cardiac Arrest and activation of Emergency Medical Services Early CPR Rapid Activation Early Advance Life Support Integrated Post Cardiac Arrest Care

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Combination of external chest compression and rescue breathing Performed to supply the brain, heart, lungs and other vital organs an oxygen rich blood to minimize cell death. Adult Basic Life Support sequence 1. Scene safety 2. Responsiveness (whether responxive or unresponsive )

3. Activate Medical Assistance ( 442-1911 ) 4. Circulation (check for carotid pulse ) 5. Airway - Head tilt chin - Jaw thrust 6. Breathing 7. Defibrillation I. Shockable a) Pulseless ventricular tachycardia b) Ventricular fibrillation II. Non-ahockable a) Asystole b) Pulseless electric activivty When to stop CPR? S-spontaneous circulation has returned T-turned over to a more advance personnel O-operator becomes exhausted P-Physician assumes responsibility order declares that patient is dead S-scene becomes unsafe Counting guide in CPR Adult : 5 cycles of 1-30 then rescue breath 2 blow in 3 seconds in Infant : 10 cycles of 1-15 then rescue breath 2 blow in 3 seconds in

Counting guide in rescue breathing Adult : 1 blow every 5-6secs in 24 cycles for two minutes Infant : 1 blow in 3-5 seconds in 40 cycles for two minutes

Characteristics of a high quality compression R-rate : Atleast 100 compression per minute D-depth : Adult- 2 inches (5cm) Infant- 1.5 inches R-recoil M-minimize interruption to chest compression

A-avoid excessive ventilations Recovery position It is used for responsive adult victims who clearly have normal breathing and effective circulation. It is designed to maintain a patent airway and reduce the risk of airway obstruction and aspiration. The victim is placed on his or her side with the lower arm infont of the body.

Rescue Breathing Provides oxygen and ventilation to the victim Assisted ventilation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation Purposes: 1. To maintain adequate oxygenation 2. To eliminate carbon dioxide Important for victims of asphyxia arrest, such as children and drowning victims, because they are hypoxemic (no circulating blood carrying oxygen throughout the victims body) at the time of cardiac arrest Use head tilt-chin lift technique Adult: give one (1) rescue breath at a rate of about one (1) breath every five to six (5-6) seconds; or about ten to twelve (10-12) breaths per minute Children: give one (1) rescue breath at a rate of about one (1) breath every () seconds; or about () breaths per minute Each breath should cause visible chest rise

Mouth-to-Mouth Rescue Breathing Steps: 1. Open victims airways/ head tilt-chin lift 2. Pinch victims nose 3. Create an airtight mouth-to-mouth seal 4. Give one (1) breath over one (1) second 5. Take a regular (not deep) breath 6. Give a second rescue breath over one (1) second

Mouth-to-Barrier Device Breathing

Some rescuers are hesitant to give mouth-to-mouth rescue breathing and prefer to use a barrier device The risk of disease transmission through mouth-to-mouth rescue breathing is very low Providing rescue breathing is possible with or without the use of a barrier device Steps: 1. Open victims airways/ head tilt-chin lift 2. Place barrier device over nose and mouth 3. Create an airtight seal 4. Give one (1) breath over one (1) second 5. Take a regular (not deep) breath 6. Give a second rescue breath over one (1) second 7.

Mouth-to-Nose Rescue Breathing Is recommending if ventilation through the victims mouth s impossible, the mouth cannot be opened, the victim is in water, or a mouth to mouth seal is difficult to achieve It is feasible, safe, and effective Steps: 1. Open victims airways/ head tilt-chin lift 2. Try to close mouth 3. Place mouth over victims nose 4. Create an airtight mouth-to-nose seal 5. Give one (1) breath over one (1) second 6. Take a regular (not deep) breath 7. Give a second rescue breath over one (1) second

Mouth-to-Mouth and Nose Rescue Breathing It is recommended for infants experiencing asphyxia arrest Steps: 7. Open victims airways/ head tilt-chin lift 8. Place mouth over mouth and nose 9. Create an airtight mouth-to-mouth and nose seal 10. Give one (1) breath over one (1) second 11. Take a regular (not deep) breath 12. Give a second rescue breath over one (1) second

Emergency Situations that require Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Rescue Breathing

1. Drowning 2. Foreign Body Airway Obstruction or Choking

Emergency Medical Situations 1. Acute Coronary Syndromes 2. Stroke 3. Hypothermia