CE 331, Spring 2007

Example ASD & LRFD Failure Checks

1/3

Example problem 1. A simply-supported beam, laterally braced full length. Dead Load (D) = 2.0 klf Live Load (L) = 4.0 klf
15 ft wL = 4.0 klf wD = 2.0 klf

Beam is a steel wide flange, W12x53 Yield Stress (Fy) = 50 ksi S = 70.6 in3 Z = 77.9 in3

w D L2 2.0klf (15 ft ) 2 = = 56.3k ft MD = 8 8 L 2 klf 4.0 (15 ft ) 2 w L = = 112.5k ft ML = 8 8

Design Method ASD Allowable Stress Design

fb = fb =

Load Effect
M D+L y I (5.63k ft + 14.06k ft ) 4.94in 53.8in
4

Resistance
allowable bending stress

Failure Check
f b 21.7ksi = Fb 23.8ksi

= 0.91 < 1, OK

Fb = 0.66 Fy = 23.8 ksi

f b = 21.7ksi

unity check

LRFD Load and Resistance Factor Design

Mu = 1.2 MD + 1.6 ML Mu = 1.2 (5.63 ) + 1.6 (14.06 ) Mu = 29.3k-ft

factored moment
k-ft k-ft

Mn = () Fy Z Mn = (0.9) 36ksi 12.6in3 / 12 in/ft Mn = 34.0k-ft

nominal moment capacity strength reduction factor

Mu 29.3k ft = M n 34.0k ft

= 0.86 < 1, OK

CE 331, Spring 2007

Example ASD & LRFD Failure Checks

2/3

Example problem 2. A simply-supported beam, laterally braced full length. Dead Load (D) = 2.0 klf Live Load (L) = 4.0 klf
w D L2 2.0klf (15 ft ) 2 M = = = 56.3k ft 8 8 w L L2 4.0klf (15 ft ) 2 ML = = = 112.5k ft 8 8
D

wL wD

Beam is a steel wide flange, W12x53 Yield Stress (Fy) = 50 ksi

15 ft

S = 70.6 in3

section modulus = I / y

Z = 77.9 in3

Design Method ASD Allowable Stress Design

fb = M
D+ L

Load Effect

Resistance
Lc = 9.0ft, Lu = 15.9ft (p 132 FE Ref) Lc < (Lb = 15ft ) < Lu Fb = 0.60 Fy = 0.6 (50ksi) Fb = 30ksi

Failure Check

unbraced length of compression flange

S (56.3 k ft + 112.5 k ft ) 12 in / ft = 28.7 ksi fb = 3 70.6 in

f b 28.7 ksi = = 0.96 < 1 Fb 30 ksi

OK

LRFD Load and Resistance Factor Design Mu = 1.2 MD + 1.6 ML Mu = 1.2 (56.3k-ft) + 1.6 (112.5k-ft) Mu = 248k-ft

Lp = 8.8ft, Lr = 25.6ft (p 128 FE Ref) Lp < (Lb = 15ft) < Lr Mn = Cb [ Mp BF(Lb Lp)] < Mp Cb = 1.0 (always for this class) Mp = 292k-ft (p 128 FE Ref) BF = 4.78k (p 128 FE Ref) Mn = (1) [292kpft (4.78k(15ft 8.8ft)] Mn = 262k-ft (< 292k-ft = Mp)

Mu 248 k ft = = 0.95 < 1 M n 262 k ft

OK

CE 331, Spring 2007

Example ASD & LRFD Failure Checks

3/3

Example problem 3. A single column, laterally braced at mid-height for buckling in the weak direction, no lateral support for buckling in the strong direction. Dead Load (D) = 25k Live Load (L) = 75k
PL PD

= 75k = 25k

9 ft

Beam is a steel wide flange, W6x20 Yield Stress (Fy) = 50 ksi Ixx = 41.4 in4 Iyy = 13.3 in4 A = 5.87 in2 Lu_x = 18 ft (unbraced length for buckling in the strong direction)

9 ft

Lu_y = 9 ft (unbraced length for buckling in the weak direction)

Design Method ASD

fa =

Load Effect

Resistance

Failure Check

P D + L 25k + 75k = A 5.87 in 2

rx = ry =

Ix = A Iy A =

41.1in 4 = 2.65in 5.87 in 2 13.3in 4 = 1.50in 5.87 in 2

f a 17.0ksi = Fa 18.7ksi

= 0.91 < 1, OK

f a = 17.0ksi

k x Lu _ x

(1.0)(18 ft =

slenderness ratio

rx k y Lu _ y ry

12in ) 1 ft = 81.5 2.65in controls

ft

unity check

12in (1.0)( 9 ) 1 ft = 72.0 = 1.50in

allowable axial stress

Fa = 18.7ksi [ from Table on pg 134 FE Ref. for Fy = 50ksi and kL/r = 81.5 ]
kL = 81.5 (from above) r max

LRFD

Pu = 1.2 PD + 1.6 PL Pu = 1.2 (25k) + 1.6 (75k) Pu = 150k factored axial force

Pu 150 k = Pn 153.8 k

= 0.98 < 1, OK

c Fcr = 26.16ksi (Table p 131 FE Ref.)

cFcr = 26.16 [from Table on pg 131 FE Ref. for Fy = 50ksi and kL/r = 81.5 ]
ksi

Pn = c Fcr A = 26.2ksi 5.87in2 Pn =153.8kt

nominal axial capacity