Table of Content

1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6

GETTING STARTED Install the software Define hardware configuration Define software options Define frequency bands Define measurement parameters Define channels and carriers Define channels Define carriers

4 4 5 7 8 11 13 13 14 14 14 15 15 15 17 18 20 21 24 26

1.6.1 1.6.2 1.7 1.8 2 2.1 2.2 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 4

Define channel width Choose the attenuation mode STARTING A MEASUREMENT Launch a measurement Visualize data ANALYSIS/REMEASUREMENT Analysis in peaks mode Analysis in BCCH mode Re-measure in UMTS mode Additional functions for re-measurements INSITE Frees LEXICON

MUT.59.1.11.SATB.B

INSITE Free User manual

The INSITE Free software has been developped to perform selective RF measurements and to analyse measurements results with the adapted method, depending on the nature of the signal. 1 GETTING STARTED 1.1 Install the software

Before installing the software, check first the PC answers the following hardware requirements
HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS PC Pentium 500 MHz Cable link Operating system Memory Free space Spectrum analyser Application USB Port XP / WIN7 1GB RAM 200 MB free space on hard disc Serial Port, Ethernet or GPIB Microsoft Excel / OpenOffice Calc

Insert the software CD-ROM into the CD drive. Go to the folder and launch the application named setup.exe. Then, follow the instructions displayed on the screen. The INSITE Free software is ready to start

When opening the software, the following main window appears:

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INSITE Free User manual Figure 1:

INSITE Free software main window

1.2

Define hardware configuration

In the main window, go to edit and select hardware configuration. The following window will appear:

Figure 2:

Hardware configuration window

STEP 1: Choose the Spectrum Analyser

Choose the spectrum analyser on the list Choose the port communication Click on check to verify that the communication is working

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STEP 2: Choose UMTS scanner

Choose the UMTS scanner on the list Choose the port communication Click on check to verify that the communication is working

STEP 3: choose GPS

Choose the GPS device on the list Choose the port communication Click on check to verify that the communication is working

Antennessa supplies the probe, cable and switch and their corresponding calibration files for the INSITE Free software. Calibration files are ASCII files containing rows of data separated by tabulations. Example: 0.1 0.15 0.2 ... The first column contains the frequency in MHz. The next three columns contain the antenna factor of the probe or loss in dB of the cable for the selected way (the gain of each device is calculated using an affine function between the measured points). The switch has a somehow particular file, because it contains 7 columns for the lowest frequencies (below 30 MHz). The column 2, 3 and 4 correspond to the loss without amplifier and the three last ones to the gain of the amplifier. STEP 4: Choose the probe 0.002 0.003 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.004 0.003 0.003 0.003

Click on select probe and browse to select the calibration file (.probe)

STEP 5: Choose cable

Click on select cable and browse to select the calibration file (. cable)

STEP 6: Choose switch box

Click on select switch and browse to select the calibration file ( switch)

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Click on check to verify that the communication is working 1.3 Define software options

In the main window, go to edit and select software configuration, the following window will appear:

Figure 3:

Software configuration window

The measurement results can be exported in an Excel or OpenOffice Calc file. These results are presented compared to an exposure limit. To choose the applying recommandation, click in the corresponding box.

The Custom standard recommendation permits to apply your own threshold recommandation, from a text file under the Standard

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directory. It contains two columns. The first one corresponds to the frequency in MHz. The second one corresponds to the standard level in V/m. The two columns are separated by one tabulation. The extension file is .std.

Choose the maximum number of scan to be made per band, the type of scan for the first measure as well as the automatic peaks selection. Restrict users rights Click on save and exit to validate

Note 1: If one and only one report application (Excel / OpenOffice Cac) is installed on your PC, the Application Selection control is not displayed.

1.4

Define frequency bands

In the main window, go to the edit menu and select frequency bands. This window is made of three parts: Default band: for pre-defined band list. Measurement scenario: to select the bands to be measured. Select band information, to choose measurement parameters for each band. STEP 1: load default band list

Select load default bands list, a pop up window will appear with a selection of files. A default list of frequency bands are available, like for instance the france.def file.

Note 2: The default files are XML files. The files are usually named with the country name (e.g. france.def or uk.def).

Select one .def file in the scenarii subdirectory, the following window will appear:

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Figure 4:

Frequency band configuration window

Note 3: The file path will be automatically saved and do not need to be specified again.

STEP 2: Select frequency band(s) to be measured In the default window are listed the available frequency bands.

Click on the wanted band(s), the following sign will appear at the bottom of the window: >> To select all the bands of the list, click on select all at the bottom of the window Click on the >> sign, the selected band(s) will appear in the measurement scenario list

STEP 3: Remove frequency band(s) to be measured

To remove a band, select it in the measurement scenario list, the following sign will appear at the bottom of the window: << To remove all the bands of the list, click on deselect all at the bottom of the window
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Click on the << sign, the selected band(s) will be removed from the measurement scenario list

STEP 4: Create a new band

Click on new band at the bottom of the window to create a new band. Type the new band parameter in the selected band information window Define the band limits before trying to define carrier or channels

The new band will be listed in the measurement scenario list. It may be useful to use an explicit name that includes the band limits (e.g.: 47M60M.....my Band) .This will make further edition and researches easier.

STEP 5: Save the measurement scenario

Click on menu Save scenario as or Save and exit button to save the defined measurement scenario in .scn extension file.

Note 4: If you replace the extension .scn of a measurement scenario file, by the extension .def, it will be possible to reload the file as default band list.

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1.5

Define measurement parameters

The measurement parameters can be defined in the measurement scenario list.

in the selected band

information window. This window becomes available, after clicking on a band

Figure 5:

Selected band information

Three types of post measurement analysis of the acquired data are available:

Standard (peaks) analysis: allows to select peaks and calculate the total field by adding the selected peaks BCCH Analysis: select some of the channels (this is done for a GSM or DCS band) that are BCCH (Broadcast Control Channels), re-measure them (if necessary) and associate them with a Trx. For each BCCH the field is then extrapolated by multiplying the field level by the square root of the Trx Number. The total field is processed by adding the selected extrapolated BCCH values

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UMTS Analysis: when using an UMTS scanner, the scanner will do some measurements on some specified carriers, extract the scrambling codes and then extrapolate the maximum level

Note 5: The Level for automatic peaks selection (V/m) can be modified only if the Standard (peaks) analysis is selected. By default the level corresponds to the selected recommendation in the software configuration. This default level can be adjusted to a level just above the noise level for an automatic selection of the significant peaks. The Detection Mode and Measurement Mode can be selected. If the Max Hold, Min Hold or Average measurement modes are selected, the Temporal Measurement check box is displayed. Note 6: If Temporal Measurement check box is checked, duration in seconds must be filled. In this case, the three axes are scanned successively, during the indicated time. Then, the max, min or average field is calculated according to the selected measurement mode. Note 7: If the Temporal Measurement check box is not checked, in case of Max Hold or Min Hold measurement mode selection, the duration in seconds must be filled. This duration corresponds here to the duration of the scan for each axis. If Average measurement mode is selected, the number of samples must be filled. In the same way, this one is applied for each axis. Note 8: The Level for automatic peaks selection (V/m) can be modified only if the Standard (peaks) analysis is selected. By default the level corresponds to the selected recommendation in the software configuration. This default level can be adjusted to a level just above the noise level for an automatic selection of the significant peaks. Note 9: By default the most appropriate RBw/VBw available is chosen. Click in the Select RBw/VBw manually box, to choose another one.

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1.6

Define channels and carriers

The channels function is available for the Standard (Peaks) and BCCH analysis modes. The carriers function is available for the Standard (Peaks) and UMTS analysis modes.

1.6.1

Define channels

In the frequency bands configuration window, go to the edit menu and select define channels, the following window will appear :

Figure 6:

Channels definition window

First channel freq: to select the centre frequency of the first channel in the band First channel number: this number will be associated with the first channel; the next ones will be numbered by adding 1, 2, and 3 to this number

Channel width : this is the bandwidth that will separate two consecutive channels. The chosen channel width will pre-define automatically the filter span used for peaks calculation.

Number of channels: total number of channels in the band: a control will be done to check that no channel is outside the bands limits.
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1.6.2

Define carriers

In the frequency bands configuration window, go to the edit menu and select define carriers, the following window will appear:

Figure 7:

Define carriers window

Up to 20 carriers can be defined. In the re-measure screen, the carriers names will be displayed on the X axis instead of frequencies. In the peaks analysis mode, the peaks will be selected within the chosen carrier(s), if the level is above the defined threshold level.

1.7

Define channel width

The channel width represents the bandwidth occupied by every sender in the band. This information is used to determine the appropriate RBw and VBw and to check the quality of the measure. A minimum knowledge on the band is necessary to define its width. For example, it will be of 200 KHz in GSM but may rise to 8 MHz in TV.

1.8

Choose the attenuation mode

The following mode of attenuation are available: Maximum found on full scan: a first scan will be done for every session, the attenuation will be then defined depending on the maximum level found. This mode is recommended when little information on the scanned zone are available.

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Attenuation checked on selected bands: a first scan will be done on every band defined in the scenario; this mode is recommended when a few bands only are scanned and the measurements are made close to a transmitter (frequency and types already known). Constant attenuation: the attenuation is constant and selected manually. This mode is recommended to perform many measurements in a restricted area, far from any transmitter. 2 STARTING A MEASUREMENT 2.1 Launch a measurement

In the main window, go to measurement and select launch measurement scenario. The software will then perform the measurement of all the bands defined in the scenario, starting from the lowest one. If the attenuation is not constant, there will be a first scan to determine the good value for it. When some bands are in the amplified zone, there will be another scan to check if the amplification can be used without any damage of the acquired data. 2.2 Visualize data

To visualize data, go to the file menu in the main software window and select open a session.

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Figure 8:

Data visualization window for all chosen frequency bands

Standard Limit visualization The View Standard Limit permits the visualization of a black line

corresponding to the selectected threshold recommendation.

Zoom in/out Zoom in: drag an drop rightwards Zoom out: drag and drop leftwards

Figure 9:

Zoom in

Change display unit

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The menu at the bottom left of the window allows to change the display unit. The available choices are: dBV/m V/m A/m W/m2 mW/cm2

Change visualization mode Right from the display unit bottom, a menu allows to change the type of scale for the frequency axis. The available choices are: - Linear scale: make high bands visualization easier. - Logarithmic scale: make low bands visualization easier. - Distributed: all bands occupy the same width. Viewing elements properties Keep the mouse over a band area for a few second to view the name of the band Right click on the band cursor to view the element information and modify the analysis mode or the curve's colour. Auto peaks selection: if you have checked the Automatic peaks selection case in Software configuration, the Auto peaks selection button is visible. Click on it to select the peaks automatically according to the level defined for the band. Save a session: go to the file menu and select save session as. The session will be automatically saved in the session directory of the program. The sessions are saved as XML files (.ins file). XML is a standard of file syntax that is inspired by HTML and permits to save structured ASCII data.

ANALYSIS/REMEASUREMENT

The analysis mode has been chosen, when defining the frequency band to be measured. To access the analysis window, left click on the selected band in the main data visualization window for all chosen frequency bands.

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3.1

Analysis in peaks mode

STEP 1: Define peaks (without channels or carriers) A peak can be defined in relation with a defined threshold and filter span: The level on this point is higher than the threshold And there is no higher point in the (filter span)-wide band centred on the point

Figure 10: Peaks definition

Click on threshold definition and left click on the graph: the threshold will be redefined to the Y-axis value of this point. The peaks will be represented with blue rectangles.

The filter span is the width of the chosen channel. By default the filter span corresponds to the chosen bandwidth. In this window, the filter span can be entered manually. There is a pre-control on the number of points used to determine if a point is a peak. The following equation is used for this assessment:

FilterSpan*NumberOfPointAnalyser/ (Fmax-Fmin)

< 1.3=> No peak selection.

If the entered filter span does not answer to this equation, a window will pop up, where you can enter manually a new filter span.

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Note 10: If you have clicked on the auto peaks selection button in the main panel, when the panel Peak display and selection is displayed for the first time, some peaks are selected automatically in relation with the level defined in Frequency bands configuration. They do not take into account of threshold line.

STEP 2: Re-measure one peak In the selected peaks list or directly on the graph, left click on the selected peak Right click to open the re-measurement window.

STEP 3: Re-measure all peaks Select all the peaks to be re-measured in the selected peaks list. Go to measurement in the menu and select remeasure all selected peaks.

Figure 11: Re-measure one peak

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In the selected peaks list, an indication is given on wether or not the RBw/VBw is proper. The mention OK, "usable" or Not OK appears. RBW/BandWith < 0.25 => Not OK RBW/BandWith < 0.5 RBW/BandWith > 0.5 => usable => OK

3.2

Analysis in BCCH mode

STEP 1: select channel The BCCH window displays the measured peak for each channel. To calculate the total field, click right on the selected channel: it will be displayed in the all BCCH channel list.

Figure 12: Select channel for BCCH analysis mode

STEP 2: Re-measure one channel Click on the chosen column with a left click Launch the re-measurement with a right click

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Figure 13: Selection of channel for BCCH re-measurement mode

To extrapolate the electric field to the maximum, you can enter the number of TRX for each BCCH signal. STEP 3: Re-measure all chosen channels Go to the measurement menu and select remeasure all selected BCCH)

3.3

Re-measure in UMTS mode

STEP 1: Select Carrier Click right on the curve and validate the selection. The chosen carrier will appear in the carriers list.

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Figure 14: Window for re-measurement in UMTS mode

STEP 2: re-measure one carrier Click left on the chosen carrier and launch the measurement with a right click. STEP 3: re-measure all the carriers (CPICH value) Go to the measurement menu and select remeasure all selected carriers STEP 4: view the scrambling code To view the information about the detected scrambling code, double click on the carrier. The scrambling code values are expressed in the unit selected in the UMTS processing panel.

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Figure 15: Scrambling code information window

STEP 5: check the case Extrapolation Factor If you want to extrapolate the result, check the Extrapolation Factor case and indicate the extrapolation factor that you want to use. Extrapolated Level = SQRT (Extrapolation Factor) * Detected Level.

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Figure 16: Extrapolated Level

3.4

Additional functions for re-measurements

Free scan: a free scan is available directly from the BCCH, peak and UMTS measurement window. Select the zone of the curve to be scanned and click on the free scan button. The following window will appears:

Figure 17: Pop up window for free scan re-measurement

The RBW/VBW can be changed at this stage manually or not. Validate to launch the scan.

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Polarization: this function gives information on the field level repartition for each or a combination of the thee probe axis. To access this function from any of the re-measurement window, go to the menu measurement and select polarization analysis. A Excel report about the polarization can be generated. Generate Excel report: from each re-measurement window a Microsoft Excel or OpenOffice Calc report can be created. To access this function, go to the menu tools and select Generate report. Save Remeasurement data: click on File/Save Selected Carrier, BCCH or Peaks (depending on the chosen analysis) to save the remeasurement data. These remeasured data will be saved in the session file (*.iste).

Note 11: After selecting the Generate report menu, the report is opened and filled automatically. If you use OpenOffice Calc, please wait the following message before closing the document.

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4 Session

INSITE Frees LEXICON

A session is a measurement on a fixed point that contains all the measured bands. It includes the initial measurement as well as the re-measurement(s). Band A band is composed of one measure and all the measurements for one frequency band (between two limits). It is associated with an analysis mode that will lead to a re-measurement screen. RBw The RBw (Resolution Bandwidth) represents the bandwidth of a filter that will be applied to the input signal. With a broader RBw, the signal will be higher, as it is taken on a wider bandwidth). If the RBw is to low compared to the channel width, the whole power in a channel may not be measured. This will lead to an underestimation of the field level. VBw The VBw (Video Bandwidth) is linked to the RBw. It's the bandwidth of a filter that may be seen as the inverse of an integration time for each point. The lower it is, the longer the scanning takes. The bigger it is, the more important are the variations. It is generally advised to respect this relation: VBw = RBw*3s Attenuation Attenuation is placed between RF Input of the analyser and the mixer to avoid damage on the mixer. It helps to measure high power signals and prevents the analyser to suffer damages (even if a band is not scanned). The attenuation should be constant for all the measurements. BCCH A BCCH (Broadcast Control Channel) is a fixed emitting channel with a constant level.

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In GSM and DCS, it is a Downlink channel (from the base station to the mobile) that enables the base station to control the power emitted on traffic channels. Determining the maximum electro magnetic field level is difficult due to the very versatile emission levels of all the signals. The internationally accepted method is to identify the BCCH channels (the shape of their spectrum is specific, and their level is constant), get the power level in these channels and then extrapolate the BCCH level by multiplying the level by the square root of the number of Trx for this transmitter. The Trx number is the maximum number traffic channels that could be activated when the traffic is at its maximum state. It is an operator-owned data, which depends mainly on the population density of the area. When this information is unknown, the following table can be used: GSM High Density area (big station, fair) Large city (> 400k inh.) Small city (> 100k inh.) Countryside or small town (<100k inh) 6 4 3 3 DCS 8 8 6 3

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