These questions deal with digital bandpass transmission ASK: 1) Sketch the waveform of a ASK signal to transmit the

following data stream 1010. 1) Sketch the spectrum of a ASK signal 2) Draw the block diagram of a noncoherent detector of ASK 3) Binary data is transmitted over an RF bandpass channel at a rate of 4.8x106 bits/sec using an OOK signaling method. The carrier amplitude at the receiver antenna is 1 mv and the noise power spectral density at the receiver input is 10-15 W/Hz. Find the error probability of a coherent receiver. Answer: 0.169x10-6 BPSK 1) Sketch the Spectrum of a BPSK signal 2) Sketch the signal constellation for the BPSK modulation type if 2
s i (t) = 2 E b / Tb cos( wc + M (i 1))t i = 1,2

3) Binary data is transmitted at a rate of 106 bits/sec over a microwave link having a bandwidth of 3 MHz. Assume that the noise power spectral density at the receiver input is 10-10 W/Hz. Find the average carrier power required at the receiver input for coherent PSK signaling scheme to maintain Pe10-4 (Ans.: 1.367 mw=1.38 dBm) 4) Using BPSK modulation, the Geostationary Orbiting Experimental Satellite (GOEs) series of Satellites transmit quantized, meteorological cloud-picture data at a rate of 1.75 Mbps. Assuming No =1.26*10-20 W/Hz and total path and system losses including antenna gains of 144 dB. Calculate the minimum satellite transmitter power required for Pe=10-7 (ANS. : 75 w) 5) a bandpass data transmission scheme uses a PSK signaling with wc= 10 / Tb and Tb=0.2msec. the carrier amplitude at the receiver input is 1 mv and the two sided power spectral density of the additive white Gaussian noise at the input is 10-11 W/Hz. Assume that an ideal correlation receiver is used. Calculate the average bit error rate of the receiver. (Ans.: 4 bits/ sec) DPSK 1) Draw the block diagram of a DPSK transmitter, if the following binary sequence 1100100010 is applied to the DPSK transmitter that you have drawn sketch the resulting waveform at the transmitter output. Assume the reference bit is 1. 2) Mention one of the disadvantages of the DPSK receiver. M-ary PSK 1) Draw the block diagram of QPSK transmitter, , if the following binary sequence 1100100010 is applied to the QPSK transmitter that you have drawn, sketch the waveforms of the in-phase and quadrature components of a modulated wave and sketch the resultant QPSK waveform. 2) Give the bit rate that can be supported by a 4 kHz for the following modulation schemes: BPSK 8-PSK if two sided noise power spectral density is 10-8 W/Hz, find the carrier power required in each case to give Peb=10-6. (Ans. : Pc = -36.5dB for BPSK, -28.27 dB for 8-psk)

3) Consider the PSK signal constellation shown in figure 1.Draw the receiver block diagram to receive this PSK signal.

1
E

E E

Figure (1) 4) Compute the probability of bit error for the M-ary Phase Shift Keying system with M=2 (BPSK), 8 PSK and 16 PSK which is designed to transmit binary data at 44 Mbps in the presence of additive white Gaussian noise with one-sided power spectral density No=1.67*10-20 W/Hz. Assume Gray coding, a transmitter average power of 9 dB, and an expected net system loss of 120 dB. 1) Does error-performance improve or degrade with increasing M, for the M-ary PSK signaling? 2) If error-performance improves, what price must we pay? And if error-performance degrades, what benefits is exhibited? QAM 1) Consider a digital communication system that transmits information via QAM over a voice-band telephone channel at a rate 2400 symbols/second. The additive noise is assumed to be white and Gaussian. Determine the Eb/No required to achieve a probability of symbol error of 10-5 at 4800 bps BFSK 1) Sketch the signal constellation for the orthogonal BFSK modulation type if
s i (t) = 2 E b / Tb cos wi t i = 1,2

2) An FSK signal consists of bursts of frequency of 800 and 900 kHz, the higher frequency being used to transmit a binary 1. The bit rate is 2 kbps. Find the bandwidth of the FSK signal. 3) Consider FSK system with the following two received signal bursts S1(t)= cos (2*1100t + 30o) and s2(t)= cos (2*1000t + 30o). The two- sided noise power spectral density is 10-4 W/Hz and Tb=10 ms. a. Find the error rate per day using coherent detector and incoherent detector b. What conclusions do you reach from your results in previous part c. What is the minimum tone spacing that insures signal orthogonality? d. Is this system satisfying this tone spacing? 4) binary data is transmitted over a telephone line with useable bandwidth of 2400HZ using the FSK signaling scheme. the transmit frequencies are 2025 and 2225 Hz, the data rate is 300 bits/s. the average signal to noise power ration at the output of the channel is 6dB Calculate Pe for the coherent and noncoherent demodulation scheme. (Ans.: 0.28x10-9 for coherent, 5.62x10-8 for noncoherent)

comparison between modulation: 1) Compare between BASK and BPSK with respect to : bandwidth and probability of error 2) Digital data is to be transmitted through a channel with No=10-8 W/Hz. The channel bandwidth is 1 MHz. consider BPSK and orthogonal BFSK modulation. a. What is the data rate that can be supported by the channel? b. Find the received signal power required to give Pe = 10-6 at the data rate found in part (ANS.:0.4 Mb/s for BFSK,0.5 Mb/s for BPSK, 56.4mw for BPSK,90.25mw for BFSK ) 3) It is required to transmit 2.08*106 binary digits/sec with a binary digit error probability of Pe 10 -6. Four possible schemes are considered. c. Binary (Polar NRZ signaling) d. 16-ary PSK e. 16-ary QAM f. 16-ary coherent orthogonal FSK, and the M signal frequencies are separated by (1/2T) where T is the symbol duration. The channel noise power spectral density (No/2) is =10-8 W/Hz. Determine the transmission bandwidth and the signal power required at the receiver input in each case. 4) If a system's main performance criterion is bit error probability, which of the following modulation schemes would be selected for transmission over an AWGN channel? (Show the details of your work). Coherent 8-ary orthogonal FSK Coherent 8-ary PSK with Eb/N0=8db with Eb/N0=13 db

5) It is required to transmit 2.08*106 binary digits/sec with a binary digit error probability of Pe 10 -6. Two possible schemes are considered 16-ary PSK and 16ary QAM. The channel noise power spectral density (No/2) is =10-8 W/Hz. g. Determine the transmission bandwidth required in each case. h. Determine the signal power required at the receiver input in each case. i. Compare between 16-ary PSK and 16-ary QAM with respect to signal power requirement for the same probability of error and bandwidth requirement j. What is the advantage of 16-QAM over 16-PSK, and what is the condition that must be satisfied to realize this advantage?