@author

Javadoc block tag denoting the author of a method or class.

JUnit annotation marking a method so that it will be run before each test in the class.

@Before

@Ignore

JUnit annotation marking a test method so that it will not be run.

Javadoc block tag specifying a variable's name and its description.

@param

@return

Javadoc block tag to describe the return value of a method.

Javadoc block tag used to create a link from one javadoc comment to another related javadoc comment. Accessor See getter.

@see

@Test

JUnit annotation marking a method to be run as a test. A class for which no instances can be created.
A method with no body whose definition is left to concrete subclasses

abstract class

abstract method

ACS II

A mapping from integers to characters that includes predominantly English characters.

Algorithm

A sequential set of steps that will always find the correct solution to a problem.

ancestor

A class that is higher in an inheritance hierarchy than a referenced class.

Annotation

Instruction to the Java compiler in the form of @tag before a method declaration.

Array

A data structure that can hold a fixed number of values of the same type.
A piece of software that translates programs written in an assembly language into the language of a target machine. A programming language where one statement in the language translates to exactly one machine instruction.
A Java statement that stores a value into a variable. It is of the form <variable name> = <expression>; where the left hand side of the equals sign is the variable whose value is being changed and, when evaluated, the expression will give the new value that variable is to hold.

Assembler

Assembly language

Assignment statement

average time analysis

Run-time analysis based on random input.

Measuring the elapsed run-time of a specific application on a specific machine.

bench marking

best case analysis

Run-time analysis based on input that would minimize that run-time.

big-oh

A notation for describing run-time that means the run-time is no worse than a given function. A class provided by the Java API that can store arbitrarily large integers.

Biginteger

Block tag

A marker beginning with '@' that mark portions of javadoc comments so they can be formatted into web pages.

boolean

A primitive type that only holds the values true or false.

A situation where a small change in input causes a fundamentally different behavior.

border case

Breakpoint

A way to mark a line of code so the debugger will stop immediately prior to that line's execution. A sorting algorithm where neighbors are swapped and the large values move toward their correct positions.

bubble sort

byte

A primitive type that holds integer values from -128 to 127.

Capitalizing the first letter of every word except the first word.

Camel capitalization

char

A primitive type that holds a character.

Check digit

A digit added to data with a particular characteristic that makes it unique so that errors made reading the data can be detected.

child class

sub class

Class

1) A type we are declaring. 2) The set of objects of a particular type. 3) The java code defining the class. One of the UML diagrams that shows the structure of the classes in a system

Class diagram

Comment

Section of source code that is meant to help explain the code to people and are ignored by the compiler. A piece of software that translates programs written in high level languages into the language of the target machine.

Compiler

Concatenate

To put two strings together to create a new string.

A language construct that allows the behavior of the system to change based on the values of variables.

Conditional statement

Console

the window to which output is displayed. A variable whose value cannot be changed.

Constant

Constructor

A method whose purpose is to allocate space for and initialize an object.

count-controlled loop

A loop that will run a predefined number of times.

The problem of determining with which if statement an else statement will be paired.

dangling else problem

Declare

To specify the name and type of a variable.

If you do not code a constructor, Java gives you a constructor with no parameters that just allocates the space for the object. A class which is lower in the inheritance hierarchy and therefore inherits from a referenced class.

Default Constructor

descendent

Design

The definition of the components of a system and how they interact.

double

A primitive type that holds a real value with higher precision.

A return statement inside a loop so that the method returns before the loop completes its execution.

early exit condition

else block

The statement or block of code following the "else" keyword.

Exception

A situation that does not normally occur and requires special handling. A class provided by Java that holds information description an exception that has occurred. An instance of the class Exception.

extends

A keyword denoting inheritance

Fibonacci Numbers

The sequence of numbers: 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, ... where each number is the sum of the two previous numbers. A keyword marking a variable denoting that its value will not be able to be changed.

final

Fisher-Yates Shuffle

An algorithm that randomizes the order of a set of objects. A primitive type that hold a real values.
A variable that is declared in the initialization part of a for statement. For example in for (int inx = 0; inx < 5; inx++) The for loop variable is inx.

float

for loop variable

Frame bit

A bit at the beginning or ending of a bar code whose purpose is to allow the machine reading to bar code to orient the bar code for reading.

generalization

superclass

Getter

A method whose purpose is the return the value stored in an instance variable.

Hard-coding

Embedding a specific value throughout the code.

A language where one source code instruction may be translated into many machine instructions.

High level language

if statement

conditional statement

if-then-else statement

A statement used to select between the execution of two mutually exclusive behaviors.

Increment

To make larger by 1.

Index

Used as a noun, this is an integer specifying a position in an array. Used as a verb, it is the act of location that position. A loop that will never finish running because its condition will never be false.

infinite loop

Information hiding

The principle of minimizing the portion of the system that can directly access a variable or method. The process of defining new classes such that they contain functionality of existing classes.

inheritance

Initializer

A statement that declares a variable and gives it a value.

insertion sort

A sorting algorithm where the leftmost value in the unsorted portion of the array gets iteratively swapped to move left until it is in the correct position of the sorted portion.

Instance

One member of a class.

Instance Variable

A variable associated with an object. Each object of a type gets its own copy of that type's instance variables. primitive type that holds an integer value from -2,147,438,648 to 2,147,438,647.

int

Interpreted

When the translation to machine language is done as the execution of the program requires the code.

Is-A

The relationship between a subclass and its ancestors.

The Java Applications Programming Interface that specifies the wide variety of classes that come with the Java platform. The language that is output of the Java compiler and that runs on Java Virtual Machines. A piece of software that executes Java Byte Code on a particular type of hardware.

Java API

Java byte code

Java Virtual Machine (JVM)

Javadoc

The tool which converts javadoc comments into html design documentation.

Javadoc comment

A comment in a specific format so that it can be translated into design documentation. A tool which allows us to build tests that verify that our classes behave as they should. A word that has special meaning to the Java compiler (also called a reserved word). The time span during the execution of the program in which a variable exists in the system. A variable declared in a method. Can be a parameter, a method variable, or a for loop variable. A primitive type that holds an integer value from - 9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to9,223 372 036,854 775,807. A language construct that allows a section of code to be executed repeatedly.

JUnit

Keyword

Lifetime

Local variable

long

Loop

Machine code

The language that the processor of the machine executes.

The method that the JVM will run. It must be declared as public static void main(String[] args).

main() method

Mantissa

the fractional part of the scientific notation used to store real numbers.

Memory diagram

A diagram that shows how a program will store information in variables.

Method

A named block of code.

Method overloading

Giving two methods the same name.

The name of the method and the order and types of the parameters in its parameter list.
A variable declared within a method using the standard <type><name> declaration syntax (not a parameter or a for loop variable).

Method signature

Method variable

Modulus (mod) operator

Mathematical operator calculating the remainder after division. Symbol used is %.

Mutator

see setter

Naming Convention

Guideline for naming entities to support consistency.

When one if statement is contained within either the then block or the else block of another if statement.

nested conditions

Nested Loops

When one loop construct is contained within another.

new statement

A Java statement used to allocate the space for an array or to call a constructor of an object.

null

A value representing a pointer which has not been assigned a value.

Object

An entity the system needs to know about. A member of a class.

Object code

the output of a compiler or assembler.

A type of language which supports the ability to code designs that are based on the objects the system needs to manage.

Object-Oriented

Output

The results of running a program.

A condition that occurs when a value being stored cannot fit in the variable into which it is being stored.

Overflow

Overload

To declare two methods with the same name.

Declaring a method in a subclass that is also declared in the superclass.

Override

Package

A set of related classes.

Parameter

A variable declared in a method's declaration into which values are passed.

Parent class

superclass

Parity bit

A bit that is added to a value to provide the ability to detect errors in reading the value.

Polymorphism

Declaring a variable to have one type while it refers to an object of a subclass of that type The process of modifying code that runs on one target machine to make it run on a different target machine.

Porting

Precedence

The order in which arithmetic operations are applied.

A data type that the java compiler knows about so that it can allocate the space for the variable at the declaration. A visibility modifier that makes an instance variable or a method only visible within the defining class.
The process of dividing a large problem into subproblems and using the solutions to those subproblems to build a solution to the original problem.

Primitive type

private

problem decomposition

Prompt

Output that is designed to ask the user to do something.

protected

A visibility modifier that makes an instance variable or a method visible to a subclass, but not the entire system. A visibility modifier that makes an instance variable or a method visible to the entire system.

public

Refactor

To change the code to improve its design without changing its behavior.

Reference type

Any non-primitive type, including arrays.

A word given specific meaning by the Java compiler (also called a keyword).

Reserved word

response time

The elapsed time between when a request is made and when the system responds

Return type

The data type of the value that a method will return.

Theoretical, machine-independent, analysis of the amount of time an algorithm will take as a function of the size of the input.

run-time analysis

Runnable

Contains a main() method and can therefore be run by the JVM.

A class provided by Java that allows us to get keyboard input from the user.

Scanner

Scope

The portion of code in which a variable is visible.

A sorting algorithm in which one swaps the largest value in the unsorted portion into the last position of the unsorted portion of the array increasing the sorted portion.

selection sort

sentinel-controlled loop

A loop that runs until a given condition becomes true.

A method whose purpose is the change the value of an instance method.

Setter

short

A primitive type that holds an integer value from -32768 to 32767.

When evaluating complex conditionals, the evaluation will stop as soon as the resulting value is defined. For example, when evaluating an &&, if the left hand operand is false, the right hand operand will not be evaluated.

short-cutting evluation

Sign bit

A boolean value stored with a number to denote whether that number is positive or negative. Given a set of objects (or primitives) in random order, rearrange them until they are in increasing order.

sorting problem

Source code

A program written in either a highlevel language or assembly language.

specialization

subclass

String

A class that comes with Java that can hold an arbitrarily long sequence of characters.

Strongly typed

Languages of this type require that variables must be given specific data types and that the compiler will verify that the data being stored in a variable matches the variable's type.

subclass

A class that is defined to inherit functionality from another class.

An instance of a subclass must be able to be substituted in any place where an instance of its superclass is used.

substitution principle

superclass

A class from which another class inherits functionality.

The machine on which a program will be run. This can be either a physical or virtual machine. In JUnit, a class that allows the tests in multiple other classes to be run with one command. A problem-solving strategy in which the development of tests precedes the development of code. The statement or block of code following the condition in an if statement.

Target machine

test suite

Test-Driven Development

then statement

this

A keyword representing the instance on which a method is being run.

throw

A statement that is used when an exception condition has been detected and handling of that exception is being passed to the calling method.

throws

A clause that is added to a method declaration to denote the fact that it might throw exceptions of the specified types.

Token

The input between two delimiters.

The method that will be called whenever a conversion from an object to a String is required.

toString()

try/catch

A Java construct that supports handling of exceptions.

To force the compiler to change the type of an expression by preceding it with the new type in parentheses. A mapping from integers to characters that includes characters from most languages.

Typecast

Unicode

Unified Modeling Language (UML) UTF-8

A standard set of types of diagrams that are used to document various aspects of the design of a system. Unicode encodings using only eight bits for compatibility with ASCII.

Variable

A named location that can store a value of a particular type.

Visibility modifier

public, private, or protected. A modifier used to denote which portions of the system should be able to see a variable or a method

void

The return type used in a method declaration when that method will not return a value. A Java construct that allows a block of code to be executed repeatedly until a given condition becomes false.

while loop