Rita Lau Chai Yiun

Mathematics Form 4 2008

Chapter 1:Standard Form 1.1 Significant Figures 1.1.1 Rounding off positive numbers to a given number of significant figures. Rules : 1. All non-zero digits are significant figures.
Ex 1: 2.35 has 3 significant figures. 7983 has 4 significant figures. How many significant figures in a)100 000? b)33.15?

2.Digit zero can be a significant figure or non significant figure depending on its position in the number. a)zeros that located between two non-zero digits are significant figures. Ex 1:6008 has 4 significant figures 15.002 has 5 significant figures
How many significant figure are there in 80.006?

b)for whole number, zeroes to the right of the last non-zero digit are either significant or non-significant depending on the level of accuracy required. Ex2: 53000 has 2 significant figures when approximated to the nearest thousands 53000 has 3 significant figures when approximated to the nearest hundreds
How many significant figures are there in 93606 when approximated to i) nearest thousands ii)nearest hundreds?

c)For decimal number less than 1, zeroes to the left of the first non-zero digit are non-significant figures. The zeroes show the number of decimal places. Ex3:0.001 has 1 significant figures 0.000322 has 3 significant figures
0.0076302 has __ significant figures

d) For any decimal number, zeroes to the right of the last non-zero digit are signigicant figures.They show level of accuracy of the decimal number. Ex4: 8.1500 has 5 significant figures 0.180 has 3 significant figures 24.300 has __ significant figures 0.6610 has __ significant figures

I Rounding off numbers that are greater than 1 Round off the following numbers correct to the number of significant figures as given in the brackets. a)2.0851 [3] b) 23387 [2] c)170 000 [2]

II Rounding off numbers that are less than 1 Round off the following numbers correct to the number of significant figures as given in the brackets. a)0.008007 [4] b)0.10504 [2] c) 0.0092 [3]

Rita Lau Chai Yiun

Mathematics Form 4 2008

1.1.2 Computations involving a few numbers Calculate the following and round off the answer to the number in brackets. a)218.71 + 33.99 -14.88 c)746.4 - 31.6 x 42.5

b)621.60.6 x 2.75

d)

0.309 - 0.023 3

1.1.3 Solving problems Ex 1 : Find the total surface area for a cube with Ex2: The diagram below show s a rightsides 6.3 cm. Off your answer to three significant figures. angled triangle. Find the length of AC, correct to 2 significant figures.

A 7.5 B 4.9 C

Ex 3: The surface area of a rectangle is 4.2m2. Its width is 120mm.Find its length in mm in 4 significant figures.

1.2 Standard Form A number written in standard form is A x 10n where 1 A < 10 and n is an integer 1.2.1 Stating positive numbers in standard form I Numbers that are greater than or equal to 10 Ex1: Express the following numbers in standard form. a) 5983 b)206 000

c) 5 230 000

Rita Lau Chai Yiun

Mathematics Form 4 2008

II.Numbers that are less than 1 Ex2:Express the following numbers in standard form. a) 0.3374 b)0.000 197

c)0.000 0089

1.2.2 Converting numbers in standard form to single numbers Ex3: Write the following numbers as single numbers. a) 6.42 x 105 b) 1.81 x 10-4

c)5.27 x 10-7

1.2.3 Computations involving two numbers in standard form Ex 4: Calculate the values of the following and state the answers in standard form. a) 9600 + 80 000 b) 0.033 0.000692

c) 6800 + 90 000

d)0.812 0.0363

e)3.6 x 104 + 2.5 x 105

f)6 x 10-6 - 9.4 x 10 -7

g)6.14 x 107 - 8 x 106

h)5 x 10 -4 x 6.95 x 10-5

Rita Lau Chai Yiun

Mathematics Form 4 2008

Ex 5: Solve each of the following and state the answer in standard form. a)4.33 x 800 b) 550 0.005

c) 2.2 x 10 6 x 3.8 x 10 -3

d) 8.8 x 105 4 x 10-6

e) 7.6 x 103 x 1.2 x 10-5

f)660 000 1.65 x 10-2

1.2.4 Solving problems Ex 6: i)The speed of sound in air is 33 100 cm per second. Express this number in standard form.

ii)Using standard form, express the speed of sound given in kilometers per second.

Ex 7: A rectangular box has length 60 mm , breadth 40 mm and height 30 mm. 4

Rita Lau Chai Yiun

Mathematics Form 4 2008

Calculate the i) volume ii) the surface area of the box form. i) ii)

by giving your answers in standard

Ex 8: A beam of light travels 9.46 x 1012 km per year. How far does light travel in 100 years? Write the result in standard form.

Ex 9: Given the p = 3.12 x 10-5 and q = 1.2 x 10-7, hence the value of q = (2 s.f.)

2p

Ex 10:

700 0.0062 2.8 x10 5

= 1.55 x 10n.The value of n is