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Please cite this paper as:

Kimura, S. and C. Le Thi (2013), Cross Country Analysis of


Farm Economic Performance, OECD Food, Agriculture and
Fisheries Papers, No. 60, OECD Publishing.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5k46ds9ljxkj-en

OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries


Papers No. 60

Cross Country Analysis of


Farm Economic
Performance
Shingo Kimura, Christine Le Thi

JEL Classification: D31, Q12, Q18

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Abstract

CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


Shingo Kimura and Christine Le Thi
This report analyses the farm performance data contributed through the OECD
Network for Farm-level Analysis. It first compares the distribution of four economic
performance indicators across nine participating countries or regions for selected farm
types (output and input ratio, and net operating income per unit of labour, land and net
worth). The comparative analysis shows significant differences in farm economic
performances within countries as well as across countries. It implies that promoting the
adoption of existing best practice and improving the resource allocation can lead to a
significant improvement in the sectors performance. The factor analysis found that large
farm size is a factor of high economic performance for most types of farms across
countries, but it also identified other relevant factors of high performance independent of
the farm size factor, such as younger age, higher education, and use of financial leverage.
See also OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Papers No. 46 Distribution of
support and income in agriculture (http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5kgch21wkmbx-en).
Key words: Farm performance, farm size, output and input ratio, producer support,
off-farm income, factor analysis and resource allocation.
JEL classification: D31, Q12, Q18

Acknowledgements
This report has been prepared as part of a project undertaken by the OECD Network
for Farm Level Analysis. The network discussed the scope of the project and established
Terms of Reference. Network members who chose to join the project provided
standardized tables based on a template. Shingo Kimura of the OECD Secretariat
prepared a report analysing the information received. Christine Le Thi prepared statistical
tables and figures. The report benefitted from comments by network members and other
members of the OECD Secretariat.

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

Table of contents

Executive summary .................................................................................................................................... 5


1.

Background ...................................................................................................................................... 7

2.

Methodology .................................................................................................................................... 9
Four farm performance indicators ....................................................................................................... 9
Definitions of population and aggregates .......................................................................................... 11
Farm types ......................................................................................................................................... 12
Year ................................................................................................................................................... 12
Farm characteristics........................................................................................................................... 12
Analytical steps ................................................................................................................................. 13

3.

Analytical results ........................................................................................................................... 14


Cross-country comparison of farm performance............................................................................... 14
Characteristics of high and low performers ...................................................................................... 21
Cross-country factor analysis of high performance........................................................................... 38

4.

Summary of findings and policy implications ............................................................................... 49

References ................................................................................................................................................ 53
Annex A. Data Sources ............................................................................................................................ 54
Annex B. Background Tables................................................................................................................... 61
Tables
Table 1.
Table 2.
Table 3.
Table 4.
Table 5.
Table 6.
Table 7.
Table 8.

Participants to the distribution of farm performance project .............................................. 8


Common factors of high performers, all farm types......................................................... 41
Common factors of high performers, field crop farms ..................................................... 43
Common factors of high performers, beef and sheep farms ............................................. 44
Common factors of high performers, dairy farms ............................................................ 46
Common factors of high performers, fruit and vegetable farms....................................... 47
Common factors of high performers, non-ruminants farms ............................................. 48
Summary of findings by country ...................................................................................... 51

Figures
Figure 1.
Figure 2.
Figure 3.
Figure 4.
Figure 5.
Figure 6.

Distribution of farm performance, all farm types ............................................................. 16


Distribution of farm performance, field crop farms ......................................................... 17
Distribution of farm performance, dairy farms................................................................. 18
Distribution of farm performance, beef and sheep farms ................................................. 19
Distribution of farm performance, fruit and vegetable farms ........................................... 20
Distribution of farm performance, non-ruminants farms ................................................. 21

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4 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


Figure 7.
Figure 8.
Figure 9.
Figure 10.
Figure 11.
Figure 12.
Figure 13.
Figure 14.
Figure 15.
Figure 16.
Figure 17.
Figure 18.

Economic size of farm and performance .......................................................................... 23


Labour use and farm performance .................................................................................... 24
Land use and farm performance ....................................................................................... 25
Share of high and low performers in output and input use in selected types of farms ..... 27
Support and farm performance ......................................................................................... 28
Share of high and low performers in support ................................................................... 30
Off-farm income and farm performance .......................................................................... 31
Gross investment and farm performance .......................................................................... 33
Adoption of organic production practice and farm performance ..................................... 34
Age of the main operator and farm performance.............................................................. 36
Educational attainment of the main operator and farm performance .............................. 37
Geographically less favourable condition and farm performance .................................... 38

Boxes
OECD network for farm level analysis ................................................................................................... 7
List and definition of variables ............................................................................................................. 10
What is a factor analysis? ..................................................................................................................... 40

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Executive Summary

This report analyses the farm performance data contributed through the OECD
Network for Farm-level Analysis. The members of the network and the Secretariat
elaborated the Terms of Reference to establish a cross-country database with a
harmonized definition of population and variables. The report first compares the
distribution of four economic performance indicators across nine participating countries
or regions for selected farm types (output and input ratio, and net operating income per
unit of labour, land and net worth). Secondly, the report compares the characteristics of
high and low performing groups across countries. The last section applies a factor
analysis to statistically identify principal factors of high farm performance shared across
countries and to assess the relative importance of principal factors across countries.
The comparative analysis shows significant differences in farm economic
performances within countries as well as across countries in all the indicators. It implies
that promoting the adoption of existing best practice and improving the resource
allocation can lead to a significant improvement in the sector performance, measured by
the indicators used in this report.
The comparative analysis of characteristics between high and low performing farms
reveals distinctive characteristics of high and low performers. The factor analysis found
that large farm size is a factor of high economic performers for most types of farms
across countries. In particular, the farm size factor dominates other factors in dairy and
field crop farms, indicating a potential gain from economies of scale in these sectors. The
cross-country analysis identified other relevant factors of high performance independent
from farm size factor such as younger age, higher educational attainment of the main
operator, and the use of financial leverage. The analysis identifies the adoption of organic
practice in less favoured area is one of the principal factors of high performance. The
analysis in this report implies that farm size expansion is not the only option to improve
farm performance.
The comparison of payments received by different farm performance groups indicates
that payments are often distributed more to the farms with low economic performance.
Even in case low performers receive an equivalent or smaller amount of payments than
other farmers, low performers rely much more on support as a source of farm income
because of lower margin obtained from agricultural production. Although the objective of
some payments is to support economically low performing farms for environmental or
social reasons, the payments to support low performers may be a factor that retards
structural adjustment which could have occurred in the absence of such payments. The
data also show that low performers depend more on off-farm activities consistently across
countries and farm types, which is compensating the low performance in agricultural
activities.
The factors of high performance indicate the potential areas that resource reallocation
can improve overall performance of the sector. The analysis underscores the importance

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6 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


of removing impediments to structural adjustment and implementing measures that
facilitate adjustment. Well-functioning input and output markets and financial market are
fundamental for innovative farmers to evolve in the sector. The significance of the
operators age and educational attainment factor indicates the importance of promoting
exit and entry to the sector as well as developing education and training systems.
However, some limitations of the analysis should be recognized in interpreting the
results. First, the indicators of farm performance do not take into account non-economic
aspects of farm performance. Second, the farm performance indicators are not fully
comparable across countries due to differences in the definition of farm type and the
variables used to construct farm performance indicators. Third, the cost data used to
construct performance indicators does not take into account the imputed cost of own land,
labour and capital nor exclude farm expense for rented land and hired labour. The quality
differences of production factors are unaccounted. These factors may bias the distribution
of the performance indicators. Fourth, the analysis of the characteristics of high and low
performers helps to find common factors associated with farm performance, but it does
not identify the causality.

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1.

Background
This report is a part of the project on agricultural innovation mandated by the 2011-12
Programme of Work and Budget of the Committee for Agriculture. The project includes
the development of a framework to analyse the role of government in fostering
agricultural innovation systems, which could be applied to selected countries. As part of
efforts to measure innovation and the impact of policies, a number of indicators of
innovation were proposed in the scoping paper. In particular, indicators of farm
performance are being developed through the OECD Network for Farm Level Analysis.
This report compares farm performance across countries and identifies characteristics of
high and low performers. Further efforts include the development of farm-level TFP
indicators, initially for the dairy farms.
Box 1. OECD network for farm level analysis
The network was created in 2008 under the auspices of the OECD. It includes experts from
government-related institutions and other agricultural economics research institutes involved in the
collection or analysis of micro-level data. Membership is voluntary and a representative coverage of
OECD countries is sought. The OECD Secretariat acts as convenor and contact between network
members and delegates to OECD meetings.
Network members and the OECD share the common goal of improving the quality and
relevance of policy analysis applied to the agricultural sector through the use of micro-level data,
recognising the increasing need for good micro data and related analytical tools to support improved
policy decision making.
The main objective of the network is therefore to support OECD policy analysis through the use
of micro-data and sub-national information. The network is expected to contribute to OECD projects
by providing micro-level analysis on a consistent basis across a number of countries. From the
projects adopted in the programme of work of the OECD Committee for agriculture, the network is
expected to identify issues that would benefit from a micro-level approach, identify data sources and
suggest innovative and adapted approaches.
Another objective of the network is to share experiences and to demonstrate how micro-level
analysis can be used for policy analysis. This will be done through communication of relevant
analysis and discussion of data and analytical issues. As part of this objective, the network is
expected to draw the attention of delegates to emerging policy issues where micro-level approaches
could be particularly rewarding, with a view to contributing to reflections on the programme of work
in the longer term.

It is well established that the high economic performance of the sector is led not only
by productivity improvements by frontier farmers, but also by the catching up process
of less productive farms through technological diffusion and resource reallocations.
Cross-country comparison through a harmonized database allows benchmarking farm
performance across countries. Moreover, the distribution of farm performance indicators
of different farm types illustrates the extent to which performance of farms is dispersed
within a specific farm type. It reveals the structural characteristics of the sector. It may
also indicate the extent to which existing technology is diffused among a specific type of
farms.
The comparative analysis of the characteristics of high performing farmers helps to
identify the common factors of high performance and relative importance of those factors
by the type of farm in each country. It is expected to reveal the characteristics of farms
which are more willing to adopt new technology. Characterizing high performing farms

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8 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


also helps policy makers to identify potential areas of resource misallocation for further
improvement of farm performance.
The terms of reference were agreed at the Farm-Level Analysis Network meeting,
including standard tables for collecting data. This report draws on data received from nine
countries or regions listed in Table 1.
Table 1. Participants to the distribution of farm performance project
Country
Australia
Flanders (Belgium)
Canada

Provider/contact
Yu Sheng and Katarina Nossal, Australian Bureau
of Agricultural and Resource Economics
Joeri Deuninck, Department for Agriculture and
Fisheries
Craig Galbraith Agriculture Agri-Food
Canada and Martin Beaulie, Statistics
Canada

Comments
Fruit and vegetable, and nonruminants farms are not
available.
Data on Belgian Flanders
Net operating income per unit
of labour is not available
The data is limited to all farm
types, and field crop and dairy
farms

Estonia

Marju Aamisepp, Rural Economy


Research Centre

Germany

Werner Kleinhanss, Heinrich von Thnen-Institute


(vTI)

Italy

Concetta Cardillo, INEA

Netherlands

Jakob Jager Agricultural Economics Research


Institute (LEI)

England (United
Kingdom)

Andrew Woodend and Katherine Merrett, DEFRA

United States

James MacDonald, Economic Research Service,


USDA

Only output and input ratio is


available. Dairy farms are not
available.

England level data;

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2.

Methodology
Four farm performance indicators
The terms of reference first define four indicators of farm economic performance.1
The definitions of variables and data sources follow the study on distribution of support
and income (Moreddu, 2011). All four indicators are evaluated relative to a single
production factor, namely: 1) output and input ratio; 2) net operating income per fulltime equivalent labour; 3) net operating income per hectare of land and; 4) net
operating income per net worth. The indicator of output and input ratio is constructed
as a ratio between gross agricultural output and farm cash expense. It indicates how much
value a farmer receives from the market per dollar of cash inputs and, therefore, the
payments from the government is not counted as output. It measures an efficiency of cash
input use relative to the production value excluding the payments. On the other hand,
three other farm performance indicators are based on net operating income, which is the
difference between gross agricultural output and farm cash expense. Net operating
income is expected to represent how much margin the farmer obtains from the market,
excluding payments. 2 Three performance indicators are based on the net operating
income with respect to three single factors (labour, land and own capital). Annual fulltime equivalent labour input (including both family and hired labour), utilized agricultural
area and farm net worth were adopted as units of labour, land and own capital inputs,
respectively. 3
The four indicators measure different aspects of economic performance. High
performance in one indicator does not necessarily imply high performance in another.
Box 2 presents the definition of all the variables in the terms of reference and Annex A
contains the definition of variables used to construct farm performance indicators by
country.
Farms are ranked using quartiles defined on the basis of the four indicators of farm
performance by farm type. The database includes: 1) quartile information for each farm

1.

The definition of farm performance could include non-economic performance such as its
environmental performance (e.g., less use of chemical fertilizer), its social performance
(e.g. better working condition, better animal welfare) or its multi-functional performance
(e.g. better landscape). However, such non-economic farm performance indicators were not
adopted because such data is limited in standard farm surveys and establishing a comparable
valuation method across countries is beyond the scope of this study.

2.

The farm cash expense used in this report includes both variable and fixed costs (e.g. hired
labour cost, and land and machinery rental cost), but does not include imputed costs of family
labour, own land and capital. Output and input ratio, and net operating income measure net cash
flow of the farm. The potential bias of performance indicators should be recognized in
interpreting the indicators such that the performance of owner farmers could be overestimated
relative to tenant farmers. However, the differentiation of variable and fixed costs and the
evaluation methods of imputed cost items are largely different across countries, making it
difficult to apply harmonized methods. This report, therefore, adopted cash flow based indicators
for its advantage in cross-country comparison of farm performance. In addition, the quality
differences of labour and land indicators are unaccounted in the indicators, which may be
another potential bias of the indicators.

3.

The Canadian data adopted net operating income per farm asset instead of net operating income
per net worth to rank farm performance. See Annex A for the definitions of the variables used to
construct farm performance indicators in each country.

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10 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


performance indicator for all farm types and by farm type, and 2) the average per farm
characteristics of the population, top 25% high performing group and bottom 25% low
performing group for all farm types as well as by each farm type. The farm cash expense
data used to construct performance indicators do not take into account the imputed cost of
farm owned land, labour and capital. Alternatively, the expense for rented land and hired
labour is not excluded from farm cash expense. Therefore, it should be recognized that
the ownership structure of the farm may bias the ranking of farms towards farmers owing
those factors of production, and hence incurring no cash expenses to pay for them.
Box 2. List and definition of variables
Number of farms in farm population (representing 90% of total agricultural sales).
Number of working units (full time equivalent).
Number of hectares of utilized agricultural area (UAA).
Gross agricultural output (GAO) includes market receipts for sales of agricultural products
and services such as custom work, income rental of land, quotas, building, machinery, etc. In the EU
FADN, it includes sales and on-farm use of products (crop and livestock) and livestock, change in
stocks of products (crop and livestock), change in valuation of livestock (minus purchases of
livestock) and various non-exceptional products.
Total support (often referred to as "support" in the text) includes total payments and market
price support.
Total payments include budgetary transfers to farmers from agricultural policy and insurance
payments, conservation payment in the United States, first and second pillar payments of the
Common Agricultural Policy in the European Union. Three categories are distinguished: First pillar
payments, which include direct income payments; Second pillar payments, which include payments
made under the rural development policy of the Common Agricultural Policy; and Other payments,
mainly from national expenditures.
Market price support (MPS) includes transfers from consumers and taxpayers to agricultural
producers from policy measures that create a gap between domestic market prices and border
prices of a specific agricultural commodity, measured at the farm gate level. It is calculated in the
OECD database of Producer Support Estimates (PSE) for main commodities covering ideally at
least 70% of the total value of agricultural production. For each commodity, MPS is equal to the
difference between the domestic producer price (PP) and a border price expressed at farm gate
level (BP), multiplied by quantity produced (QP)
MPSi = (PPi - BPi) * QPi. for commodity i
MPS by commodity can be expressed as a proportion of the value of production of that
commodity (VP).
MPS ratio for commodity i = MPSi / VPi
MPS for each individual farm is calculated by applying the MPS ratio of each commodity to
corresponding farm receipts. An average MPS ratio for all PSE commodities is used for remaining
commodity receipts. MPS by farm is the sum of MPS for each commodity produced on the farm,
calculated using MPS ratios and individual farm receipts.
Gross receipts include gross agricultural output and total payments.
Farm cash expenses exclude depreciation. Included are total crop, livestock, machinery
expenses and general expenses such as net interest expenses, salaries, rent, insurance, phone,
electricity, fuel, custom work, machinery rental, net property tax, building and fence repairs, freight
and trucking, selling costs, marketing board fees, accounting, etc.
Net operating income is the difference between gross agricultural output and farm cash
expense.

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Depreciation includes national estimate of economic depreciation or capital cost allowance for
tax purpose, i.e. an amount deducted from taxable income to account for annual depreciation costs
at a rate specific to the depreciable capital item.
Farm income is the difference between the sum of net operating income and total payments,
and depreciation.
Net investment includes the difference between purchases and sales of fixed assets, breeding
livestock change of valuation less depreciation.
Non-farm income includes off-farm income of farm operators and their other household
members. It excludes off-farm income of households operating incorporated farms.
Farm household income includes farm income and non-farm income.
The relationships between income components are also shown in the diagram below:
Components of farm household income
Following the fourth meeting of the network, standard tables were revised to include additional
variables:
Total farm assets includes market value at the end of calendar year of breeding and
replacement livestock, accounts receivable, input inventory, prepaid input expenses, crops for sale,
farm investments, farmland and buildings owned (including farmhouse), machinery and equipment
owned, production quota.
Total farm liabilities includes short and long term money owned to banks, trust companies,
credit unions, government agencies, money borrowed under advance payments, machinery and
supply companies, private individual, shareholders, accounts payable at the end of calendar year.
Farm net worth is the difference between total farm assets and total farm liabilities.
Support rate is total support per gross agricultural output

Definitions of population and aggregates


The network made it possible to improve the consistency of variable definitions
across countries. A major problem when comparing EU farm statistics with North
American or Australian statistics is that in the former, farms are narrowly defined with a
significant number of smaller farms being excluded from the survey, while other
countries usually impose very low farm size limits and include part-time and hobby farms
in their survey. Their definition has an important influence on distribution so it is crucial
to reduce differences in population in order to be able to make comparisons. It was
therefore decided to exclude smaller farms as long as the total farm population
represented by the sample accounts for 90% of total agricultural sales for all farms or
each farm type. For example, the sample in the United States includes any farm with
gross agricultural output of at least USD 100 408 in 2009, which is about 17% of the
population in the survey. At the other end of the spectrum, no maximum limit was
imposed and corporate farms were included (except for some variables like off-farm
income).4 A farm could be defined as an operation engaged in agricultural activities,
organised as a sole proprietorship, partnership, or family corporation, where the operator
or operator's household owns or controls the use of farm resources (capital, labour).
Annex A includes information on the definition of farm population in each country.

4.

Estonia and Germany reported additional data, separating individual and corporate farms in the
sample farms.

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12 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

Farm types
Using national definitions of farm types, it was decided to keep national definitions
and group them as follows.
1. Field crop farms
2. Dairy farms
3. Beef and sheep farms
4. Fruit and vegetable farms
5. Non-ruminants farms
6. Mixed farms
Many farms have diversified production. Farms are generally assigned to the type that
accounts for the greatest share of farm receipts (Canada and United States) or gross
margin (standard gross margin in the EU FADN). Annex A presents the definition of each
farm type in each country. The database in Belgian Flanders and the Netherlands includes
nursery/greenhouse/floriculture farms due to their significance in agriculture.

Year
The database covers a period of five years (2004, 2006, 2007, 2008 and 2009). 5

Farm characteristics
The following six categories of farm characteristics are defined to analyze the
relationship between farm performance and farm characteristics. Participants reported the
average per farm of each farm characteristic for the population, the top 25% high
performing group and the bottom 25% low performing group by performance indicator as
well as by farm type. However, availability of data, in particular non-financial farm
characteristics, is limited in some countries. Annex A presents the definitions of farm
characteristics variables in each country.

Farm size
Farm size should include economic size, and land area and labour input. Gross
agricultural output is chosen as an indicator of economic size. Annual full-time equivalent
work unit (e.g. Annual Work Unit in FADN database) and Utilized Agricultural Area are
used to represent labour and land size, respectively.6

5.

The data for 2005 is not included sources to be consistent with the year coverage of the study on
distribution of support and income (Moreddu, 2011).

6.

In the United States, the full-time equivalent labour input cannot be estimated due to the lack of
total hours of labour input in most of the years. Alternatively, number of workers (operators,
other paid, other unpaid), including part-time workers was chosen as an indicator of the size of
labour input. However, high correlation is found between the number of workers and total hours.
The coefficients of correlations in 2009 are, all sectors, 0.74; field crops, 0.74; fruits and
vegetables, 0.63; dairy, 0.83; beef cattle, 0.67; non-ruminant animals, 0.91; and mixed farms,
0.90. Care must be taken in comparing the net operating income per unit of labour between the
United States and other countries, considering the downward bias of net operating income per
unit of labour in the United States.
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Support
Support includes all payments to producers reported in farm survey data, as well as an
estimate of Market Price Support (MPS) by farm.7 Representative indicators are both the
amount of total support and the share of total support in gross receipts (support rate).

Off-farm activity
Some farm surveys used in the database include information on off-farm activity
(Australia, the Netherlands, England and the United States). Diversification to off-farm
activity could be a factor of high or low farm performance. For example, it may bring
additional sources of income or enhance innovation through interaction with other
sectors. Both the total amount of non-farm income and the share of non-farm income in
farm household income indicate the significance of off-farm activity.

Investment and adoption of specific technology


Gross investment is used as a proxy of farmers willingness to adopt new technology.
Gross investment is available in Australia, Belgian Flanders, the United States, the
Netherlands, Estonia, England and Germany. Adoption of specific production practice or
technology could be a direct estimate of technological adoption. A farm survey carried
out in EU countries and regions has information on the application of organic farming
technology (Estonia, Germany, the Netherlands and England). The statistics in the
database represent the share of farms which adopt organic production technology.

Operators characteristics
Operators characteristics are taken as indicators of unobserved managerial input. The
database includes main operators characteristics such as age and educational attainment.
The educational attainment is defined as a dummy variable if the main operator achieved
higher than tertiary education.

Geographical conditions
Geographical conditions of the farm may also be an important factor of farm
performance. The share of utilized area of land in Less Favoured Area is chosen as an
indicator to represent to which extent the location of the farm is unfavourable to farming.
This data exists for Estonia, Germany and England.

Analytical steps
Based on the cross-country database, the rest of this report conducts a cross-country
analysis of farm performance in three steps. The first step carries out cross-country
comparisons of the distribution of four farm performance indicators across farm types in
terms of the average performance of quartile groups. High and low performers are
defined as a quartile group of farms in the top 25% high and the bottom 25% low
performing group, respectively. The comparison of average performance of high and low
performers allows benchmarking the performance of frontier farms and catching up
farms within the country as well as across countries. The distribution reflects the
structural characteristics in each farm type and helps identify primary areas of
performance gap.
7.

See Box 2 for the method applied to calculate support at the farm level.

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14 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


The second step describes the average characteristics of high and low performers
relative to the population by each category of farm characteristics (farm size, support, offfarm activity, adoption of specific technology, main operators characteristics and
geographical condition). The data also describes the structural characteristic of each farm
type such as the share of high performers in production, input use and payment. This
analysis helps to identify the profiles of frontier and catching up farmers and the potential
areas of resource constraints to further improvement of farm performance.
The last step analyses the common factors of high performance for each farm type
across countries and compares the relative importance of each factor. The factor analysis
is applied to statistically identify principal factors of high performers shared across
countries. Each factor consists of a vector of farm characteristics variables (e.g. farm size,
and young age and high education). This statistical method has an advantage in reducing
a number of farm characteristics to a few principal factors and in assessing the relative
importance of the factor of high performance across countries.

3.

Analytical results
Cross-country comparison of farm performance
This section presents the cross-country comparison of four farm performance
indicators (output-input ratio, and net operating income per unit of labour, land and net
worth) by farm type.8 High and low performers presented in Figures 1-6 are the average
performance of top and bottom quartile groups. The performance indicators are averaged
across the available years to mitigate a year-specific effect on farm performance.9 The
population average indicates the performance of the defined farm type. Therefore, the

8.

Belgium and UK data cover only Flanders and England region, respectively. The dataset in some
countries are limited to specific performance indicators and some years. Canadian data does not
contain net operating income per unit of labour. Only output-input ratio is available for Italy. Not
all farm types are available in some countries For some years, the US data is missing due to the
limitations of the data availability (2004, 2006 and 2007 for net operating income per unit of
labour, and 2004 and 2006 for net operating income per unit of land). The farm performance
indicators are not fully comparable across countries due to differences in the definition of farm
type and the variables used to construct farm performance indicators. the cost data used to
construct performance indicators does not take into account the imputed cost of own land, labour
and capital nor exclude farm expense for rented land and hired labour. The quality differences of
production factors are unaccounted. These factors may bias the distribution of the performance
indicators. The cross-country comparison of mixed farm and greenhouse/nursery/floriculture
farms are not presented in the report for different reasons. For the mixed farm sector, the form of
diversification depends on the agricultural structure of the country. In Australia, mixed farms
tend to be diversified operations between field crop and grazing livestock, while the mixed farm
in the European Union includes many forms of diversified operations between different sectors.
The data was available only in Belgian Flanders and the Netherlands for
greenhouse/nursery/floriculture sector. Annex B contains the distributional information of four
performance indicators including these two sectors. The population includes both individual and
corporate farms. Annex Figure B.1 compares the distribution of performance when corporate
farms are excluded from the population for selected farm types in Estonia and Germany.

9.

The average net operating incomes per unit of labour and land and labour are converted to US
dollars using average exchange rate of the year in OECD Statistical Databases. The effect of year
specific shocks cannot be fully removed by averaging performance indicators across years
(i.e. large policy change or market development).
OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

average performance indicators in this section represent the average performance of the
group as a whole, not an average of the individual farm performance. To make indicators
comparable across countries, market price support is subtracted from gross agricultural
output in calculating the net operating income so that the output is evaluated by the world
price. The average performance indicators are measured in the absence of support. The
line in the Figures connects the average performance of high and low performing groups,
and the population of the farm type. A longer line implies that the dispersion of farm
performance is larger between low and high performers within the same farm type.
Annex B presents the distributional statistics of four performance indicators for each farm
type by year (Annex B Tables B.1-B.4).

All farm types


Figure 1 compares the distribution of three farm performance indicators when pooling
all the available farm types.10 The Figure indicates that wide dispersions of farm
performance exist within countries as well as across countries. The US farms generate on
average the largest value of output per dollar of cash input and achieves the highest
average net operating income per labour input. The average performance of high
performers is more variable across countries than the average performance of the
population. High performers in Italy, Australia, Belgian Flanders, and Germany achieve
higher average output and input ratios than high performing US farms. The average
output-input ratios of low performers are less than unity except for Germany and the
United States, meaning that revenue from agricultural production at the international
price is on average not enough to cover the cash expenditure.
Average net operating income per unit of labour of the population is comparable
among the United States, Germany and Belgian Flanders. However, average net operating
income per unit of labour input of high performing US farms far exceeds those in other
countries. 11 Average net operating income per net worth is the highest in Belgian
Flanders, followed by the United States, for both high performing groups and the
population. The high performance of Belgian Flanders farms in this indicator is most
likely due to a relatively lower asset level and a higher debt ratio compared to other
countries in the dataset.12

10.

Available farm types do not necessarily cover all the agricultural sectors in the country. In
Australia, Estonia and Italy, available sectors in the dataset are particularly limited to specific
sectors. Moreover, the performance in all types of farms is strongly influenced by the structural
characteristics of agriculture of the country. Figure 1 does not present net operating income per
unit of land because cross-country difference reflects more the diversity of agricultural sectors
and geographical conditions across countries.

11.

Some large US farms rely on custom service providers for some tasks, and on contract labour
teams for others. The labour involved in custom services or in contract labour teams are not
recorded as labour input in this database. The cost of such contract work is recorded as cash
expenses. As a result, net operating income per unit of labour could be ranked higher compared
to farms that performed such tasks with their own labour.

12.

The debt ratio is on average the highest in the Netherlands (36%), followed by Flanders (28%)
and Estonia (27%). It is the lowest in Australia (11%), England (12%) and the United States
(13%).

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

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16 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


Figure 1. Distribution of farm performance, all farm types
Average performance of 2004, 2006-09, output is evaluated by world prices

Top 25% high performers


Output-input ratio

Bottom 25% low performers

Population

Net operating income


per full-time equivalent labour
USD thousand

Net operating income per net worth


Percentage
40
30
20
10

0
-10
-20

Field crop farms


The distribution of output-input ratios among field crop farms is more similar across
countries than those in other farm types. The average performance of field crop farms in
the United States, Germany, Australia and the Netherlands are the highest in both outputinput ratio and net operating income per labour input. Average net operating income per
unit of land is the highest in the Netherlands, Germany and Belgian Flanders, reflecting
more intensive crop farming in these countries. Average net operating income per unit of
land tends to be low in countries with large land endowment (Australia, the United States
and Canada). In the United States, Germany and Belgian Flanders, average net operating
income per net worth of the high performing group and the population is exceeding 20%
and 5%, respectively.

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Figure 2. Distribution of farm performance, field crop farms


Average performance of 2004, 2006-09, output is evaluated by world prices

Top 25% high performers

Bottom 25% low performers

Output-input ratio

Population
Net operating income per fulltime equivalent labour
USD thousand

200

2.4
2.2

150

2
1.8

100

1.6
1.4

50

1.2
1

0.8
0.6

-50

0.4

Net operating income per hectare of land


USD thousand

Net operating income per net


worth
Percentage
30

25

1.5

20

15
10

0.5

-0.5

-5
- 10

-1

- 15

Dairy farms
Dairy farms in Germany and Belgian Flanders achieve the highest average outputinput ratio, followed by Australia and the United States. While the top 25% high
performing dairy farms in Australia have the highest performance in output-input ratio,
the high performing dairy farms in the United States and Germany achieve the highest
average net operating income per labour input as well as per net worth. The high
performing dairy farms in the United States achieve by far the highest net operating
income per labour input. The performance of the Canadian dairy farms is one of the
lowest after market price support is subtracted from farm revenue.

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18 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


Figure 3. Distribution of farm performance, dairy farms
Average performance of 2004, 2006-09, output is evaluated by world prices

Top 25% high performers

Bottom 25% low performers

Output-input ratio

2.2

Population

Net operating income


per full-time equivalent labour
USD thousand
160

140

1.8

120

1.6

100

1.4

80

1.2

60

40

0.8

20

0.6

0.4

-20

Net operating income per hectare of land


USD thousand

Net operating income per net worth


Percentage
25

2.5

20

15

1.5

10

0.5

-5

- 10

-0.5

- 15

-1

- 20

-1.5

Beef and sheep farms


Figure 4 compares the distributions of three farm performance indicators of beef and
sheep farms across countries.13 The Australian beef and sheep farms outperform in two
indicators (average output-input ratio and net operating income per unit of labour),
followed by the United States and Germany. However, high performers in the United
States obtain by far the highest average net operating income per unit of labour and per
net worth.

13 .

Beef and sheep farms in the population include both breeding and feedlot operations. It is hard to
compare performance in net operating income per unit of land due to different land use pattern
between two operations.
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Figure4. Distribution of farm performance, beef and sheep farms


Average performance of 2004, 2006-09, output is evaluated by world prices

Top 25% high performers

Bottom 25% low performers

Output-input ratio

Population

Net operating income


per full-time equivalent labour
USD thousand
200

2.2
2

150

1.8
1.6

100

1.4
1.2

50

1
0.8

0.6
0.4

-50

0.2

Net operating income per net worth


Percentage
50
40
30

20
10
0

- 10
- 20

Fruit and vegetable farms


Figure 5 presents the cross-country comparison of farm performance of fruit and
vegetable farms across countries.14 The average performance of fruit and vegetable farms
is the highest in Belgian Flanders and the Netherlands in output-input ratio as well as in
net operating income per unit of labour. Average net operating income per net worth of
fruit and vegetable farms tends to be higher than other types of farms in many countries
due to smaller farm equity in this type of farms.

14 .

Comparison of net operating income per unit of land indicator is not presented because land
input varies depending on the types of fruit and vegetable farm operations such as field or
greenhouse operations. The calculations for Flanders and the Netherlands exclude
greenhouse/nursery operations.

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20 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


Figure 5. Distribution of farm performance, fruit and vegetable farms
Average performance of 2004, 2006-09, output is evaluated by world prices

Top 25% high performers

Bottom 25% low performers

Output-input ratio

Population

Net operating income per full-time


equivalent labour
USD thousand

180
160

2.5

140

120

100

80

1.5

60
40

20

0.5

-20

Net operating income per net worth


Percentage
80

70
60

50
40

30
20

10
0

-10
-20

Non-ruminants farms
The average output-input ratio of the non-ruminants farms tends to be lower than that
of other types of farms, indicating the higher share of purchased inputs in production
(Figure 6). The highest average output-input ratio of non-ruminants farms is found in the
United States, followed by Belgian Flanders and Germany, while the average outputinput ratios of high performers in Italy and the United States are far exceeding other
countries. Non-ruminants farms in Belgian Flanders and Germany have the highest
average net operating income per unit of labour of the population than that in the United
States, but the top 25% high performing US non-ruminants farms outperform high
performing non-ruminants farms in other countries.

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CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

Figure 6. Distribution of farm performance, non-ruminants farms


Average performance of 2004, 2006-09, output is evaluated by world prices

Top 25% high performers

Bottom 25% low performers

Output-input ratio

Population

Net operating income


per full-time equivalent labour
USD thousand

2.4

140

2.2

120

100

1.8
1.6

80

1.4

60

1.2

40

20

0.8

0.6

-20

0.4

-40

Net operating income per net worth


Percentage
60
50
40

30
20
10

0
-10
-20

-30
-40

3.2. Characteristics of high and low performers


This section compares the characteristics of high and low performers and identifies
the profiles of frontier and catching up farmers. As in the previous section, high and
low performing groups are defined as the top 25% and the bottom 25% group of farms
ranked by farm performance indicator (output and input ratio, and net operating income
per unit of labour, land and net worth). The database contains average characteristics of
the high and low performing groups as well as the population by farm type. Each
characteristic variable has at most twenty observations (on four performance indicators
for 5 years) for each performance group if all years and performance indicators are
available. To make them comparable across countries, a standardized index is calculated
first as the average characteristic of high and low performers relative to the average of the
population for each observation. An index is unity if the average characteristic of the high
or low performing group is identical to that of the population. The index of 1.5 for the

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22 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


high performing group means that the average of high performers is 50% larger than the
population average. The indices are then averaged across farm performance indicators
and years with an equal weight.15
Four indicators represent the economic performance of farms evaluated with respect
to a single factor (cash inputs, labour, land and own capital). A farm in a high performing
group in one indicator may be in a low performing group in other indicators. The
assessment of economic performance based on multiple factors requires appropriate
weighting of different input factors, but this is not possible based on available
information in the data set. Alternatively, the analysis in this section presents the index of
a deviation of high and low performers from the population average equally weighted
across different performance indicators to partially address the issue of using single factor
profitability indicators. Annex B presents the average characteristics of high and low
performers ranked by four different farm performance indicators, presented by year
(Annex B Tables B.5-B.13).

Farm size
Value of production
The size of gross agricultural output measures the value of production, which can be
interpreted as an economic size of farm. High performers on average generate a higher
production value in most of the countries (Figure 7). The average economic sizes of high
performers are relatively larger in the United States, the Netherlands, England and
Australia for most types of farms. This means that production is more concentrated on
high performing farms in these countries.
The spread in average economic size between high and low performers tends to be the
largest for beef and sheep farms. High performing beef and sheep farms generate on
average more than twice the production value than the population average in Australia,
the Netherlands and the United States. In contrast, low performing dairy farms have
higher production values in Australia and Estonia. Despite their larger economic size,
higher level of cash expenditure is most probably lowering their performance relative to
economically small farms which are more efficient in input use. The difference in average
economic size between high performing dairy farms and the population is less than 50%
in countries and regions in European Union. The quota system in the dairy sector may be
impeding high performers to expand their production.

15 .

In some countries, the average characteristics of high and low performing groups are available
only for a limited set of performance indicators or years. In this case, the indices of high and low
performers are averaged across available performance indicators and years.
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Figure 7. Economic size and farm performance


Average index across four performance indicators in 2004, 2006-09
Average in farm type = 1.0
High performers

Low performers

All farm types

Field crop farm

Australia
2
USA

Australia
2.0
Flanders

1.5

USA

1.0

0.5

England

Canada

0.5

England

Estonia

Netherlands

Estonia

Germany

Italy

Dairy farm

2.0

Flanders

Australia
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0

USA

1.5
1.0
0.5
England

Canada

0.0

Netherlands

Estonia

England

Netherlands

Canada

Italy

Non-ruminants farm

Fruit and vegetable farm

Flanders
2.0

Flanders
2.0
1.5

Canada

USA

1.5

Canada

1.0

1.0

0.5

0.5

0.0

0.0
England

Netherlands

Flanders

Germany

Germany

USA

Germany

Beef and sheep farm

Australia
2.5
USA

Canada

0.0

Netherlands

Italy

Flanders

1.5

Germany

Italy

England

Netherlands

Germany

Italy

Labour use
Although high performers tend to apply more labour input in the United States,
England, the Netherlands, and Belgian Flanders, the difference in average size of labour
input between high performers and the population tends to be much smaller compared to
the difference in the average value of production (Figure 8). It is more likely the case that
even economically large farms tend to rely on family workers for most types of farms.
Low performing dairy farms have greater average labour input in Australia and Estonia.

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

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24 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


In the Netherlands, high performers on average have larger labour input particularly
among field crop, beef and sheep, and fruit and vegetable farms.
Figure 8. Labour use and farm performance
Average index across four performance indicators in 2004, 2006-09
Average in farm type = 1.0
High performers

Low performers

All farm types

Field crop farm

Australia
1.5

USA

Australia
1.5
Flanders

1.0

USA

0.5
England

0.5
Estonia

0.0

Netherlands

Germany

England

Netherlands

Germany
Italy

Dairy farm

Beef and sheep farm


Australia
2.0

Australia
2.0
1.5

Flanders

1.0

1.5

USA

0.5

0.0

0.0

England

Estonia

Germany

England

Germany

Netherlands

Fruit and vegetable farm

Italy

Non-ruminants farm

Flanders
1.5

Flanders
1.5

1.0
USA

Germany

1.0

USA

Germany

0.5

0.5

0.0

0.0

England

Italy

Netherlands

Flanders

1.0

0.5

Netherlands

Estonia

0.0

Italy

USA

Flanders

1.0

England

Italy

Netherlands

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CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

Land use
High performers do not necessarily operate a larger land area (Figure 9). This implies
that high performers generate higher output value with similar sizes of land and labour
input because of their higher management capacity (e.g. efficient use of cash input,
marketing skills and so on) rather than large input use. In many types of farms, low
performers have a larger average land size than high performers. Low performing dairy
farms in Australia, Canada and Estonia operate significantly larger areas of land. One
potential reason of insignificant difference in the average land size by performance
groups is that economies of scale have been exploited, leaving less room to reduce the
unit cost of production through land size expansion. The difference in land quality could
also be a factor explaining the difference in farm performances.
Figure 9. Land use and farm performance
Average index across four performance indicators in 2004, 2006-09
Average in farm type = 1.0
High performers

Low performers
Field crop farm

All farm types


Australia
1.6
USA

1.1

Australia
2.0

Flanders

USA

1.0

0.1

England

Canada

0.5

England

-0.4

Estonia

Netherlands

Estonia

Germany

Italy

Dairy farm

1.5

Flanders
1.5
Flanders

USA

1.0
0.5
England

0.0

Germany

Fruit and vegetable farm

Australia
2.0
USA

Canada

0.0

Netherlands

Italy

Flanders

1.5

0.6

1.0

Canada

0.5
Canada

0.0
England

Netherlands

Germany

Estonia

Netherlands
Germany

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Italy

25

26 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


The information on the share of high and low performers in output and input use for a
specific farm type can be inferred from the average characteristics of high and low
performers and the population. Figure 10 shows the share of high, low and middle
performers in total value of output, labour input and land use in all farm types, field crop
farms and dairy farms, averaged across years. The shares of middle performers are
calculated as a residual of shares accounted by the top and bottom 25 percentile
performers. High and low performing groups each represent 25% of the population and
the remaining 50% are classified as middle performers. If the output, labour use or land
use is equally distributed, the share of high and low performer would be 25%.
Figure 10 shows that output can be highly concentrated on high performers, while the
land and labour use tend to be more equally shared across different groups of farm
performance. The value of production tends to concentrate more on high performing
groups except for Estonia. This is particularly the case in the United States, England and
Australia. In the United States, the top 25% of high performing farms account for more
than half of the production value for all farm types, using 38% and 23% of labour and
land, respectively. On the other hand, the bottom 25% low performers in the United
States produce only 15% of production value, but the low performing group accounts for
25% of labour input and 31% of land use. The market share also depends on the farm
type. High performing US dairy farms account for 47% of output value and 19% and 25%
of labour and land input, respectively. In Australia 38% of dairy production value is
accounted for the bottom 25% low performers which use approximately 45% of labour
and land input in the dairy farms.
In the Netherlands output and input use is concentrated on high performers. Overall,
high performers account for 35% of production, 30% of labour use and 26% of land use.
The top 25% high performing field crop farms generate 42% of production value. The
share of high performers in the value of production is relatively smaller in Estonia. High
performers in Estonia tend to have smaller market shares both in production value and
input use compared to low performers.

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Figure 10. Share of high and low performers in output and input use in selected types of farms
Average share across four performance indicators in 2004, 2006-09
All farm types
High performer

Middle performer

Low performer

100%
16 17 21

90%
80%

33

19 15 18 14 15 23 22

32

25 22 23 20 25 25 24 27

39

23 29 23 24
31

70%
60%
50%
40%
30%

20%

39 33
30

10%

52
18

39
30 33 35

27 28

17

25 25 30 31

38

26 21
25 20 26 24 23
17 14

Australia
Flanders
Canada
Estonia
Germany
Italy
Netherlands
England
USA
Australia
Flanders
Estonia
Germany
Italy
Netherlands
England
USA
Australia
Flanders
Canada
Estonia
Germany
Italy
Netherlands
England
USA

0%

Output value

Labor

Land

Field crop farms


High performer

Middle performer

Low performer

100%
90%
80%

14 17 18
16 17 19 17 20
25 25 27 23
26

38

20 23 23
27 21 24 29 21

19 23
28
41

70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%

29

37 32

42

36
22

21

34 37
21

28 24 27

33 28

14

21 18

28 23 24 28

27 26 25
9

Australia
Flanders
Canada
Germany
Estonia
Italy
Netherlands
England
USA
Australia
Flanders
Estonia
Germany
Italy
Netherlands
England
USA
Australia
Flanders
Canada
Estonia
Germany
Italy
Netherlands
England
USA

0%

Output value

Labor

Land

Dairy farms
High performer

Middle performer

18 24
19 21 21
27 22

24
43

Low performer

22 26 18
32 26

23
45

23 29 27
31 32 26

47

Output value

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

Labor

Land

USA

England

Netherlands

Estonia

Germany

Canada

Flanders

USA

Australia

England

Netherlands

Estonia

Germany

Flanders

USA

21 26 18 25 28 24 19 22 27 20 20 26 28 23 25
Australia

England

Netherlands

Estonia

Germany

32 28
31 31 29
22
Canada

25
Australia

38

Flanders

100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%

27

28 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

Payments
Figure 11 presents the average size of payments (which does not include market price
support) that high and low performers received relative to the population average. The
data shows that the differences in the absolute level of payments between high and low
performers tend to be much smaller than those in economic size for many types of farms.
Given the lower level of net operating income obtained by low performing farms, the
share of payments in farm income is significantly higher for low performers.
Figure 11. Payments and farm performance
Average index across four performance indicators in 2004, 2006-09
Average in farm type = 1.0

High performers

Low performers

All farm types

Field crop farm

Australia
2.0
USA

1.5

Australia
2.0

Flanders

USA

1.0

1.0

0.5

England

Canada

0.5

England

Netherlands

Estonia

Netherlands

England

Canada

Italy

Germany

Germany

Beef and sheep farm

Dairy farm

USA

Estonia

0.0

0.0

Italy

Flanders

1.5

Australia
2.0

Australia
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0

1.5

USA

Flanders

Flanders

1.0

0.5
Canada

Netherlands

Estonia

England

Canada

0.0

Netherlands

Germany

Germany

Italy

Non-ruminants farm

Fruit and vegetable farm


Flanders
2.0

Flanders
2.0
USA

1.5

Canada

USA

Canada

1.0

1.0

0.5

0.5

0.0

0.0

England

Netherlands

1.5

Germany

Italy

England

Netherlands

Germany

Italy

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CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

Low performers receive more than 20% larger payment relative to the population
average in Canada, Italy and Estonia. In Canada, low performers on average receive more
support than high performers in all farm types in the dataset.16 This is most likely because
a large proportion of support in Canada is directed to individual farmers experiencing
margin loss except for dairy farms where support is largely composed of market price
support. This program may provide incentives for low performing farms to take more
risks and to trigger more payments (Antn, Kimura and Martini, 2011). The payments in
Australia also tend to be directed to low performers in some farm types. For example,
despite much smaller economic size and land area, low performing beef and sheep farms
receive equivalent amounts of payments as the population average. This is probably due
to the Exceptional Circumstance programme being activated when farmers experience
income loss due to exceptional climatic events such as drought.
In EU countries and regions, the relative size of payment received by high and low
performers tends to follow the distribution of land size for field crop, beef and sheep, and
dairy farms. In the United States, low performers also receive equivalent or even larger
amounts of payments even though their economic sizes are much smaller than the US
averages. For non-ruminants, and fruit and vegetable farms, payment can be concentrated
to low performers in some countries. In the Netherlands, Germany and England, low
performing fruit and vegetable farms receive a 20% larger amount of payment relative to
the population average. This is also the case for non-ruminants farms in the Netherlands
and the US where low performers receives approximately 50% larger amount of payment.
Figure 12 presents additional information on the average share of high, low and
middle performers in total payments in 2004, 2006-09. Overall, payment is more equally
distributed among different performance groups than the value of production and input
use. However, payment can be concentrated on low performers for some types of farms.
In Canada, the bottom 25% low performing field crop and dairy farms account for 41%
and 34% of the total payments, while the top 25% high performers receive 17% and 19%
of total payment, respectively. The low performing dairy farms in Australia and Estonia
account for 52% and 33% of the total payment for dairy farms, respectively.

16 .

This does not necessarily mean that chronically low performing farms receive more support. It
may be a result of the policy design that farms receive more support in low performing years.

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

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30 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


Figure 12. Share of high and low performers in support
Average share across four performance indicators in 2004, 2006-09
All farm types
High performer

100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%

21

26
48

22

21

14

Middle performer

Low performer

30

22

31

25

24

21

22

26

19

25

24

33

Field crop farms

High performer

100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%

24

22

15

25

41

17

Middle performer

29

20

24

28

Low performer

20

25

28

22

25

29

42

Dairy farms
High performer

100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%

21

Middle performer

Low performer

34

33

24

23

27

27

19

20

27

27

24

30

52

16

28

Off-farm activity
The information on off-farm income in the database is limited to Australia, the
Netherlands, England and the United States. Overall, low performers on average obtain a
higher level of off-farm income for most types of farms in these four countries
(Figure 13). In contrast, the average off-farm income of high performers is lower for most
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CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

types of farms. The consistent observations of higher level of off-farm income of low
performers could reflect the complementary relationship between farm performance and
off-farm income. It may also be the case that low performing farms try to obtain extra
sources of income in off-farm activities.
Figure 13. Off-farm income and farm performance
Average index across four performance indicators in 2004, 2006-09
Average in farm type = 1.0
High performers

Low performers
Field crop farm

All farm types


Australia
1.5

Australia
2.0

1.0

1.5

1.0

0.5
USA

0.0

0.5
Netherlands

USA

Netherlands

0.0

England

England

Beef and sheep farm

Dairy farm
Australia
3.0

Australia
1.5
1.0

2.0

0.5

1.0

USA

0.0

Netherlands

0.0
Netherlan
ds

England

England

Non-ruminants farm

Fruit and vegetable farm


Netherlands
1.2

Netherlands
1.5

1.0

0.8

1.0

0.6

0.5

0.4

USA

0.0

England

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England

31

32 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


In Australia, average off-farm incomes of low performing beef and sheep, and dairy
farms are more than 2.5 times higher than the populations. In England and the
Netherlands, the average off-farm income of low performers is 10% to 30% higher than
the population average in the majority of farm types. The difference in off-farm income is
the smallest in the fruit and vegetable farms which require intensive labour input and
limits the opportunity of engaging in off-farm employment. In the United States, average
off-farm income of low performers is more than 20% higher than the averages in the
dairy, beef and sheep, and non-ruminants farms.

Investment and adoption of specific technology


Investment
Investment is defined as the difference between purchases and sales of fixed assets,
and change of value in breeding livestock (Figure 14). Depreciation is not accounted in
this report due to large differences in calculation methods across countries. Overall, high
performers tend to invest more. The difference of average investment size between high
performers and the population tends to be larger than that of land and labour size,
implying that high performers invest more after controlling the difference in farm size.
The size of investment tends to be correlated with economic size of farms. This is most
evident for the fruit and vegetable, and non-ruminants farms.
High performers in England and the Netherlands tend to invest much more than the
average. Investment may be one of the key factors of high performance in these countries.
In contrast, high performers tend to invest less than the average in Australia.

Adoption of organic production practice


As an indicator of specific technological adoption, the database contains information
on the rate of adopting organic production practice in Estonia, Germany, the Netherlands
and England. In Germany and the Netherlands, the high performers have higher adoption
rates of organic production practice consistently across farm types (Figure 15). High
performing field crop farms in Germany and the Netherlands have on average 26% and
47% higher adoption rate of organic production practices, respectively. In the
Netherlands, the average adoption rates of organic production practice by high
performing fruit and vegetable, and non-ruminants farms are more than double the
average. The adoption of organic production practice may be one reason for the large
value added by high performers.
In contrast, low performers have higher average adoption rates of organic practice in
Estonia. The adoption rates of organic production practice by low performers are on
average 50% higher than the average adoption rate. It is likely the case in Estonia that
subsidies to organic farming induce low performing farms to apply to this program and
continue low intensity farming practices.17

17 .

In 2009, a quarter of all Estonian farms adopted organic production practice, which is higher
than in three other EU regions (Germany, the Netherlands and England), where adoption rate
ranges between 3 to 10%. The recent increase in organic farm in Estonia is driven by support
policy to organic farming.
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Figure 14. Gross investment and farm performance


Average index across four performance indicators in 2004, 2006-09
Average in farm type = 1.0
High performers

Low performers

All farm types

Field crop farm


Australia
2.0

Australia
2.0
USA

1.5

USA

Flanders

Flanders

1.0

1.0

0.5

0.5
England

1.5

England

Estonia

0.0

Estonia

0.0

Netherlands

Netherlands

Germany

Germany
Italy

Italy

Beef and sheep farm

Dairy farm

USA

Australia
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0

USA

Flanders

England

Estonia

Netherlands

Germany

Germany

Netherlands

Italy

Non-ruminants farm
Flanders
1.5

Flanders
1.5

1.0

1.0

Germany

USA

Germany

0.5

0.5

0.0

0.0

England

Flanders

England

Fruit and vegetable farm

USA

Australia
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
-0.5

Italy

Netherlands

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Italy

Netherland
s

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34 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


Figure 15. Adoption of organic production practice and farm performance
Average index across four performance indicators in 2004, 2006-09
Average in farm type = 1.0
High performers

Low performers

Field crop farm

All farm types

England

Estonia
1.5

Estonia
1.5

1.0

1.0

0.5

0.5

Germany

0.0

England

Netherlands

Netherlands

Beef and sheep farm

Dairy farm
Estonia
2.0

Germany
2.0

1.5

1.5

1.0

1.0
0.5

0.5
England

Germany

0.0

0.0

0.0

Germany
England

Netherlands

Netherlands

Fruit and vegetable farm

Non-ruminants farm

Germany
5.0

Germany
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0

4.0
3.0

2.0
1.0
0.0

England

Netherlands

England

Netherlands

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Main operators characteristics


Age
Figure 16 presents the average age difference of the main operator of high and low
performers relative to the average in each farm type. The average age of the main
operator across all farm types ranges from 46.3 years in Belgian Flanders to 55.6 years in
Australia. Overall, high performers tend to be younger than low performers for majority
of farm types. In England, high performers are on average 2 years younger than the
population. The difference in average age between low and high performers in England is
3.4 years overall, but the differences are particularly large among field crop farms
(3.0 years), beef and sheep farms (4.8 years), and the fruit and vegetable farms
(4.7 years). The age factor seems to be important in the Netherlands for field crop, nonruminants, and fruit and vegetable farms.
Among different types of farms, the difference in average age between performance
groups tends to be larger for fruit and vegetable, and non-ruminants farms. Among the
fruit and vegetable farms, high performers are on average more than 4 years younger than
the low performers in Belgian Flanders, England and the Netherlands.

Educational attainment
Educational attainment is measured where a main operator has an educational
attainment higher than tertiary education. Overall, high performers are more likely to
have a higher educational attainment than low performers in all countries except for the
United States, where no difference in educational attainment was found between high and
low performers (Figure 17). The high performers in Germany tend to have higher
educational attainment consistently across different farm types. In Belgian Flanders, high
performers overall tend to have a higher educational attainment, but the trend is the
opposite for the beef and sheep, and non-ruminants farms.

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36 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


Figure 16. Age of the main operator and farm performance
Average years of difference across four performance indicators in 2004, 2006-09
Average in farm type = 0

High performers
All farm types

Field crop farm

Australia
2

Flanders
2

USA

Low performers

Flanders

USA

Canada

-1

-1

-2

-2

-3

England

Canada

England
Netherlands

Germany

Germany

Netherlands

Dairy farm

Beef and sheep farm

Flanders
2

Flanders
4

USA

Canada

USA

-1

-2

-2

-4

England

Germany

England

Fruit and vegetable farm

2
Canada

USA

-2

-4

England

Germany

Netherlands

Germany

Non-ruminants farm

Flanders
4

Canada

Netherlands

Netherlands

USA

Flanders
2
1
0
-1
-2
-3

England

Canada

Germany

Netherlands

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Figure 17. Educational attainment of the main operator and farm performance
Average index across four performance indicators in 2004, 2006-09
Average in farm type = 1.0

High performers

Low performers
Field crop farm

All farm types

Flanders
1.4

Australia
1.3
1.2

1.2

1.1

USA

Flanders

1.0

1.0
USA

0.9

Germany

0.8

0.8

0.6

England

Germany

England

Netherlands

Netherlands

Dairy farm

Beef and sheep farm

Flanders
1.4

Flanders
2.0

1.2

1.5

1.0
USA

Germany

0.8

1.0
USA

0.0

0.6

England
England

Non-ruminants farm

Flanders
1.2

Flanders
1.4

1.1

1.2

1.0
0.9

Germany

1.0

USA

0.8

England

Netherlands

Netherlands

Fruit and vgetable farm

USA

Germany

0.5

0.8

Germany

0.6

Netherlands

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38 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

Geographical condition
An indicator of geographical condition is constructed as the proportion of land within
the category of a less favoured area. However, this data is available only for some farm
types in Estonia, Germany and England. The largest difference in geographical condition
between high and low performers was observed in England (Figure 18). Low performing
field crop and dairy farms have on average larger shares of land in geographically less
favoured areas than high performers. In Estonia and Germany, the differences in farm
performance due to the geographical condition tend to be marginal.
Figure 18. Geographically less favourable condition and farm performance
Average index across four performance indicators in 2004, 2006-09
Average in farm type = 1.0
All farm types
Estonia
2.0
1.5

1.0
0.5
0.0

England

Germany

Field crop farm


Dairy farm

Estonia
2.5

Estonia
1.5

2.0
1.5

1.0

1.0
0.5

0.5

0.0

England

0.0

Germany

England

Germany

3.3. Cross-country factor analysis of high performance


Many of the characteristics discussed in the previous section are highly correlated.
For example, economically large farms tend to operate a large area of land, use more
labour, invest more and receive more payment. On the other hand, higher educational
attainment and the younger age of the main operator may not be correlated with large
farm size, but it could be an important factor of high performing farms. The factor
analysis in this section aims to reduce the set of various farm characteristics to a few
common factors of high performance and to assess relative importance of each factor
across countries (Box 3). Nonetheless, the factor analysis is used to identify correlations
between characteristics of high performing farms and does not indicate any causality
between specific farm characteristics and high farm performance.

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The factor analysis uses indices of farm characteristics of the top 25% highest
performing groups described in the previous section. The indices compare all the
characteristics of high performers relative to the average within a specific farm type of
the country. Each country has at most 20 observations for each index per farm type if all
performance indicators and years are available in the dataset.18 Among the available farm
characteristics, ten variables are selected from all six dimensions of farm characteristics
in the previous section (farm size, support, off-farm activity, technological adoption,
operators characteristics and geographical condition).19
Tables 2 to 7 present the results of factor analysis in selected farm types. The factor
analysis first extracts several principal factors which are composed of linear combination
of ten representative farm characteristic variables. Each factor is composed of a vector of
ten farm characteristic variables. Factor loading represents the composition of a vector of
characteristics in each factor. High factor loading of the variable indicates the importance
of this characteristic in the factor. A negative factor loading indicates a negative impact of
the variable on the factor. Based on factor loadings, each factor is named according to its
composition of farm characteristics (e.g. large farm size factor). The Eigen value and the
proportion of each factor in total variance indicate relative importance of each factor in
explaining high farm performance. Uniqueness indicates the proportion of variance of
farm characteristics variable not explained by the extracted principal factors. High
uniqueness of the characteristic variable means that the variable is less explained by the
extracted principal factors.
Following the compositions of principal factors, relative importance of the factor is
assessed based on the average factor scores by country. A factor score is calculated for
each observation and then averaged by country.20 A positive factor score of country
indicates that the factor is more relevant in explaining high performance relative to the
cross country trend. On the other hand, a negative factor score of the country means less
relevance of the factor in explaining high performance compared to the cross country
trend. Highly negative factor scores could indicate that the country has an opposite factor
of high performance to the shared factor across most of the countries. The factor score of
the country is not comparable across different factors. For example, high factor score for
the third principal factor which has smaller share in the total variance does not necessarily
mean that this factor is a more important factor of high performance than the first
principal factor which explain larger share of total variance. For simplicity, Tables 2 to 7
present the four different degrees of importance of each factor for the country based on
the average factor score.21 The average score between -0.5 and +0.5 is expressed as 0
18.

Estonia and Italy are not included in cross-country factor analysis due to the lack of three out of
four performance indicators in the database (net operating income per unit of labour, land and
net worth).

19.

The database in some countries does not have information on some of the farm characteristics
variables. In this case, the deviation of high performers from the population average is assumed
to be zero. More specifically, the data on geographical condition is missing in Australia,
Flanders, Canada, the Netherlands and United States. The information on the adoption of organic
production practice is missing in Australia, Canada, Flanders and United States. In addition,
Canada does not have information on annual labour input, education attainment of the main
operator, debt ratio and gross investment.

20.

The distribution of factor scores is standardized with mean zero and standard deviation one for
each factor.

21.

See Annex Table B.14 for the average factor scores by country

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40 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


meaning that the importance of the factor for the selected country is in line with the cross
country trend. The average factor scores of more than 1 and between 0.5 and 1 are
indicated as ++ and +, respectively, meaning that high degree of importance of the
factor for the country relative to the cross-country trend. On the contrary, less importance
of the factor is indicated by -- and - if the average factor score is lower than 1 and
between -0.5 and 1, respectively.
Box 3. What is a factor analysis?
Factor analysis is a statistical technique widely used to get a small set of variables from a larger
set, most of which are correlated with each other. It describes linear combinations of the variables that
contain most of the information in the dataset and could help identify a few common factors in the
dataset. Factor analysis finds a few common factors that linearly reconstruct the original variables

where
is the value of the i th observation on the j th variable,
is the i th observation on the k th
common factor,
is the set of linear coefficients called the factor loadings, and
is similar to a
residual but is known as the j th variables unique factor. Factor loadings are the weights and
correlations between each variables and the factor. The higher the load the more relevant in defining
the factors dimensionality. A negative value indicates an inverse impact of the variable on the factor.
Uniqueness is the variance of the variable not shared with other variables. Therefore, the greater
value of uniqueness lowers the relevance of the variable in the factor model. As a factor extraction
model, the principal component factor model was chosen. The principal component factor method
simply reduces the number of variables by creating linear combinations that retain as much of the
original measures variance as possible. Conway and Huffcutt (2003) reviews exploratory factor
analysis applied in recent literature.
The factor analysis in this section first extracts principal factors of high performance in each farm
1
type across countries, whose eigenvalue exceeds unity. While three factors are extracted in field crop
and dairy farms, four factors exceeded the selection criteria for all farm types, beef and sheep, fruit
2
and vegetable, and non-ruminants farms. Following the factor extraction, the common factors and the
associated factor loadings are rotated to identify uncorrelated factors by the Orthogonal method. Each
common factor is characterized by its composition (e.g. farm size factor). The results (see Tables 2-6)
show the eigenvalue, proportion of variance explained by each factor as well as the rotated factor
loadings of farm characteristic variables and uniqueness.
At the last step, factor scores are computed for each observation using a regression method.
Factor scores are the coordinates of the original variables in the space of the factors, which is
normalized with mean zero and variance one for a given factor. The factor scores are averaged by
country, which indicates the importance of the common high performance factor in each country
relative to the cross country trend.
______________________
1. Eigenvalue is the variances extracted by the factors, whose sum is equal to the number of
variables. This is to say that the factor is dropped unless a factor extracts at least as much as the
equivalent of one original variable. This criterion was proposed by Kaiser (1960) and it is
conventionally used in the existing studies (Conway and Huffcutt, 2003).
2. Extracted factors explain between 57% (beef and sheep sector) and 77% (fruits and vegetable
sector) of the observed variance in the dataset.

All farm types


Table 2 shows the results of factor analysis of high performance across all farm types.
The analysis identified four principal cross-country factors of high performance, which
explain 71% of the total variance of farm characteristic variables of high performers. The
highlighted factor loadings indicate major components of each factor. Factor 1 is
composed of characteristics representing large farm size (large land area, investment and
high value of production). Large farm size is associated with high level of payment. This
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farm size factor is the most relevant factor of high performance across countries and farm
types, which explain approximately one-third of the total variance. Factor 2 is defined by
high debt ratio, young age of the operator and large size of labour input. This factor
indicates that, aside from large farm size, financially leveraged operation by young
managers which applies labour input intensively is an important characteristics shared by
high performers. The components of Factor 3 are characterized by higher adoption rate of
organic production practice and higher share of land in less favoured area. It implies that
farms located in geographically less favourable areas are achieving high economic
performance by adopting organic production practice. The fourth factor of high
performance is characterized by a high level of non-farm income and educational
attainment of the main operator.
Table 2. Common factors of high performers, all farm types

Eigen value
Proportion in total variance
Factor loadings
Gross agricultural output
Annual labor input
Utilized area of land
Debt ratio
Gross investment
Total payment
Non-farm income
Age of the main operator
Education of the main operator
Share of less favored land
Adoption of organic practice
Factor characteristics
Factor 1
Factor 2
Factor 3
Factor 4

Factor 1 Factor 2 Factor 3


3.58
1.80
1.44
0.33
0.16
0.13
0.66
0.41
0.83
0.11
0.59
0.86
-0.23
0.09
0.52
-0.20
0.00

0.57
0.70
-0.05
0.88
0.15
0.14
0.00
-0.85
0.09
-0.10
0.11

Factor 4 Uniqueness
1.04
0.09

-0.18
0.03
0.02
0.08
-0.43
-0.02
-0.23
-0.03
0.13
0.54
0.87

-0.15
-0.13
-0.05
0.07
-0.02
0.15
0.79
-0.11
0.72
-0.36
-0.04

0.19
0.33
0.30
0.21
0.44
0.21
0.27
0.26
0.19
0.53
0.22

Large farm size


Young age and financial leverage
Organic practice
High education and non-farm income

Importance of each factor relative to cross-country trend


0
: In line with cross-country trend
++/+ : more important than cross country trend
--/- : less important than cross-country trend
Australia
Belgian Flanders
Canada
Estonia
Germany
The Netherlands
England
USA

Factor 1

Factor 2

Factor 3

0
0
-0
0
0
0
++

0
0
0
+
0
+

0
0
0
-+
0
0

Factor 4

-+
0
0
++
0
0

The importance of each factor for the countries in the dataset is assessed relative to
the cross-country trends based on the average factor scores. Average factor scores show
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42 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


that the large farm size factor (Factor 1) is particularly important in the United States and
less important in Canada. Labour intensive production with a young operator who relies
on debt financing (Factor 2) is a particularly important factor of high performance in the
United States and the Netherlands, but they are less important in Australia and Estonia. In
the United States, high performers on average apply more than 50% more labour input
and depend more on debt compared to the US average. The adoption rate of organic
production practice and higher share of less favoured land (Factor 3) are the most
important in Germany and the least important in Estonia and England. The average
adoption rate of organic practice of high performers in Germany is 17% higher than the
population, while the average adoption rate of high performers in Estonia is less than half
of the population. High educational attainment (Factor 4) is the most relevant factor in
Germany, followed by Belgian Flanders. The average factor score of this factor is high in
these countries because of the higher educational attainment of high performers.
However, this factor is the least relevant in Australia, where high performers have on
average 25% less non-farm income compared to the average farm.

Field crop farms


The largest share of the variance is explained by the factor composed of large farm
size characteristics (large production value, land and labour input, and investment). The
factor loadings indicate that large farm size is correlated with high levels of payment,
younger age of the operator and higher debt ratio. The larger share of farm size factor
implies that the scope of exploiting the economy of scale could be larger for field crop
farms. The second most important factor of high performance is a higher share of land in
less favoured area and a higher adoption rate of organic production practice (Factor 2). As
observed in the factor analysis across all farm types, it may be the case that high
performing farmers located in less favoured area of land are differentiating the products
with organic production in geographically less favoured location. High education factor
(Factor 3) accounts for a relatively smaller share of the total variance (13%), which is
correlated with a low level of investment.
The average factor score indicates that large farm size (Factor 1) is less relevant for
high performing field crop farms in Australia compared to other countries. Farm size is a
more important factor of high performing crop farms in the Netherlands and the United
States. The geographical condition and adoption of organic production practice (Factor 2)
is less important in England where high performing crop farms have a much lower share
of less favoured area of land and in Estonia where high performing farms are much less
likely to adopt organic practice. However, this factor is the most important in the
Netherlands due to a higher adoption rate of organic production practice by high
performing field crop farms. Higher education (Factor 3) matters the most in Belgian
Flanders, whereas the least relevant in England. High performing field crop farms in these
countries tend to have a lower level of non-farm income and slightly less educational
attainment.

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Table 3. Common factors of high performers, field crop farms

Factor 1 Factor 2 Factor 3 Uniqueness


3.94
1.61
1.41
0.36
0.15
0.13

Eigen value
Proportion in total variance
Factor loadings
Gross agricultural output
0.87
0.01
0.04
0.24
Annual labor input
0.74
0.34
-0.01
0.33
Utilized area of land
0.89
-0.17
0.07
0.18
Debt ratio
0.71
0.43
0.03
0.30
Gross investment
0.03
-0.06
-0.86
0.26
Total payment
0.88
-0.27
0.12
0.14
Non-farm income
0.20
-0.55
0.30
0.57
Age of the main operator
-0.53
-0.26
-0.05
0.64
Education of the main operator
0.33
-0.12
0.72
0.36
Share of less favored land
-0.25
0.56
0.36
0.49
Adoption of organic practice
0.04
0.70
-0.03
0.51
Factor characteristics
Factor 1
Large farm size and young age
Factor 2
Organic practice and less geographical
favorabliness
Factor 3
High education and low investment
Importance of each factor relative to cross-country trend
0
: In line with cross-country trend
++/+ : more important than cross country trend
--/- : less important than cross-country trend

Factor 1
Australia
Belgian Flanders
Canada
Estonia
Germany
The Netherlands
England
USA

-0
0
0
0
+
0
0

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

Factor 2

0
0
0
0
++
0

Factor 3

0
++
0
0
0
0
0

43

44 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


Beef and sheep farms
The most significant cross-country factor of high performance among beef and sheep
farms is composed of large farm size characteristics such as high production value and
large size of labour input.22 The farm size factor also includes high level of payments.
The second important factor is characterized by higher age and lower debt ratio. The third
factor is mainly composed of the high share of geographically less favoured land and the
adoption of organic practice. High educational attainment of the operator is the main
component of the fourth factor extracted in the analysis.
Table 4. Common factors of high performers, beef and sheep farms

Eigen value
Proportion in total variance
Factior loadings
Gross agricultural output
Annual labor input
Debt ratio
Gross investment
Total payment
Non-farm income
Age of the main operator
Education of the main operator
Share of less favored land
Adoption of organic practice
Factor characteristics
Factor 1
Factor 2
Factor 3
Factor 4

Factor 1 Factor 2 Factor 3


2.80
1.92
1.23
0.28
0.19
0.12
0.84
0.85
0.18
0.23
0.87
0.21
-0.14
-0.02
0.02
-0.15

-0.28
-0.01
-0.82
-0.33
0.09
0.74
0.75
-0.06
-0.13
0.46

Factor 4 Uniqueness
1.20
0.12

-0.04
-0.16
0.30
-0.47
0.13
0.10
0.26
-0.09
0.79
0.51

-0.08
-0.24
0.08
-0.04
0.28
0.22
-0.18
0.91
-0.18
0.39

0.21
0.18
0.20
0.61
0.14
0.35
0.31
0.16
0.33
0.35

Large farm size


Old age and less indebtness
Organic practice and less geographical favorabliness
High education

Importance of each factor relative to cross-country trend


0
: In line with cross-country trend
++/+ : more important than cross country trend
--/- : less important than cross-country trend

Factor 1
Australia
Belgian Flanders
Canada
Germany
The Netherlands
England
USA

22 .

+
0
0
+
0
-

Factor 2

Factor 3

+
+
0
0
-0
--

0
0
0
+
-+

Factor 4

0
-0
++
+
0

The beef and sheep farms in the database include both breeding and feedlot beef cattle operations
whose intensity of land use is distinctively different. Thus, a performance indicator of the net
operating income per unit of land and utilized area of land are excluded from the observations
and farm characteristics variables in the analysis of this sector.
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The factor score shows that large farm size (Factor 1) is a more relevant factor of high
performing beef and sheep farms in Australia and the Netherlands relative to the crosscountry trends, whereas it has the least importance in Canada and the United States. In
Australia, high performing beef and sheep farms on average have more than 1.5 times
larger size of labour input and generate twice production value relative to the population
average. Unlike the field crop farms, the economy of scale in beef and sheep production
may be unachieved in Australia. High factor score for the old age and less indebtedness
factor in Australia means old farmers who repaid the debt achieve high performance. In
contrast, high performing beef and sheep farms in the United States and the Netherlands
are younger farms which have higher debt to asset ratio.
In England and the Netherlands, Factor 3 (higher share of less favoured land and
adoption of organic production practice) is less relevant factor of high performance
compared to cross-country trends, whereas this factor is more important in Germany.
Finally, higher educational attainment of the main operator (Factor 4) is more important
in Germany and England in comparison with other countries.

Dairy farms
The large farm size factor (large land and labour input, high investment and large
output value) is more important for dairy farms than for other farm types, explaining 41%
of the total variance. This farm size factor is associated with a larger amount of payment.
The second largest factor is composed of higher educational attainment and younger age
of the main operator, and a higher debt ratio (Factor 2). It is likely that young and highly
educated dairy farm operators who are financially leveraged perform better across
countries. The third factor is characterized by high share of land in less favoured area and
higher rate of adopting organic production practice (Factor 3).
According to the average factor score by country, the farm size factor (Factor 1) is
more important in the United States and the Netherlands, while this is less important in
Estonia. High performing dairy farms in the US produce 90% more output value and
invest 2.5 times more relative to the average United States dairy farm, whereas high
performing dairy farms in Estonia are on average smaller than the average dairy farms.
The second factor of higher education and younger age of main operators (Factor 2) is the
least important in Australia, whereas it is the most important in the United States. The
debt ratio of high performers in the United States is on average 30% higher than the
population and the average age of the main operator of high performers is 1.4 years
younger. This may be an indication of the structural change in the US dairy sector which
is driven by young operators who rely on debt, whereas, in other countries, matured farms
perform financially better presumably due to less new entrance to the sector. Adoption of
organic practice and less geographical favourableness (Factor 3) is a more important
factor of high performing dairy farms in Germany and the Netherlands.

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46 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


Table 5. Common factors of high performers, dairy farms
Factor 1 Factor 2 Factor 3 Uniqueness
Eigen value
4.50
1.48
1.31
Proportion in total variance
0.41
0.13
0.12
Factior loadings
Gross agricultural output
0.78
0.38
-0.14
0.22
Annual labor input
0.92
0.03
0.10
0.15
Utilized area of land
0.92
0.13
-0.07
0.14
Debt ratio
0.48
0.54
0.04
0.48
Gross investment
0.61
0.11
-0.40
0.46
Total payment
0.76
0.45
-0.12
0.21
Non-farm income
0.57
-0.47
0.20
0.42
Age of the main operator
-0.19
-0.81
-0.07
0.30
Education of the main operator
0.24
0.70
-0.06
0.44
Share of less favored land
-0.09
-0.03
0.77
0.39
Adoption of organic practice
0.03
0.05
0.71
0.49
Factor characteristics
Factor 1
Large farm size
Factor 2
Young age and high education
Factor 3
Organic practice and less geographical
favorabliness

Importance of each factor relative to cross-country trend


0
: In line with cross-country trend
++/+ : more important than cross country trend
--/- : less important than cross-country trend

Factor 1
Australia
Belgian Flanders
Canada
Estonia
Germany
The Netherlands
England
USA

0
0
0
0
+
0
+

Factor 2

-+
0
0
0
0
0
++

Factor 3

0
0
0
+
+
-0

Fruit and vegetable farms


The factor analysis identified four principal factors of high performance for the fruit
and vegetable farms. The farm size factor (Factor 1) explains one third of the total
variance and is composed of large labour input, high value of production and higher debt
ratio. The composition of the farm size factor indicates that the characteristics of high
performing fruit and vegetable farms which are financially leveraged labour intensive
operation. Factor 2 is associated with younger age of the main operator, higher rate of
adopting organic production practice and lower level of non-farm income. The
performance of the fruit and vegetable farms is driven by full-time younger operators,
indicating a potential dynamics of the sector. It could be the case that young operators are
more innovative and adopt new technology, including organic production practice. The
third factor is defined by large land size, which is independent from the first farm size

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

factor. The last principal factor is associated with a lower share of less favoured land and
larger amount of investment.
The average factor score by country indicates that the large farm size factor (Factor 1)
is more important in the Netherlands and the United States. The average sizes of labour
input of high performing fruit and vegetable farms in the Netherlands and the United
States are 25% and 15% larger than the average, respectively. The factor of young age of
the main operator and the adoption of organic production practice (Factor 2) is shared
across six countries. For example, the main operator of high performing fruit and
vegetable farms in the Netherlands is 2.8 years younger than the population average. The
large investment and geographical favourableness (Factor 4) is the most relevant in
Germany.
Table 6. Common factors of high performers, fruit and vegetable farms

Eigen value
Proportion in total variance
Factior loadings
Gross agricultural output
Annual labor input
Utilized area of land
Debt ratio
Gross investment
Total payment
Non-farm income
Age of the main operator
Education of the main operator
Share of less favored land
Adoption of organic practice
Factor characteristics
Factor 1
Factor 2
Factor 3
Factor 4

Factor 1 Factor 2 Factor 3


3.66
1.79
1.30
0.33
0.16
0.12
0.90
0.93
0.21
0.92
0.02
0.10
-0.03
-0.32
0.25
-0.02
0.21

0.18
0.17
-0.01
0.08
0.40
0.61
-0.67
-0.80
-0.10
0.20
0.85

Factor 4 Uniqueness
1.12
0.10

0.18
0.08
0.89
-0.03
0.07
0.55
0.12
0.02
-0.53
-0.01
0.12

0.09
0.02
0.01
-0.02
0.60
0.16
0.08
0.05
0.45
-0.77
-0.05

0.12
0.10
0.17
0.14
0.47
0.30
0.53
0.26
0.44
0.37
0.22

Large farm size and finanial leverage


Young age and organic practice
Large land size
Investment and geographical favorabliness

Importance of each factor relative to cross-country trend


0
: In line with cross-country trend
++/+ : more important than cross country trend
--/- : less important than cross-country trend

Factor 1
Belgian Flanders
Canada
Germany
The Netherlands
England
USA

0
0
0
+
0
+

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

Factor 2

Factor 3

0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
+
0
+

Factor 4

0
0
++
0
0

47

48 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

Non-ruminants farms
The factor analysis extracted four principal factors of high performing non-ruminants
farms. The first factor of high debt ratio, large labour input and large economic size
explains 22% of the total variance. This factor is particularly important in the US and the
Netherlands, but less relevant in England and Canada. The average economic size of high
performing US non-ruminants farms is 80% larger than the population (Figure 7). The
second factor represents larger payment size and older age of the main operator. This
factor is less relevant in Canada and the Netherlands. Similar to fruit and vegetable farms,
geographical favourableness and large investment are found to be correlated characters of
high performance. Higher educational attainment of the main operator is found to be a
main component of the fourth factor. Adoption of organic production practice is not
correlated any of four principal factors, indicated by high uniqueness value.
Table 7. Common factors of high performers, non-ruminants farms

Eigen value
Proportion in total variance
Factior loadings
Gross agricultural output
Annual labor input
Debt ratio
Gross investment
Total payment
Non-farm income
Age of the main operator
Education of the main operator
Share of less favored land
Adoption of organic practice
Factor characteristics
Factor 1
Factor 2
Factor 3
Factor 4

Factor 1 Factor 2 Factor 3


2.16
1.48
1.31
0.22
0.15
0.13
0.77
0.78
0.78
-0.01
0.11
-0.39
-0.27
0.19
-0.12
0.03

0.35
-0.04
-0.33
0.01
0.81
0.14
0.68
-0.09
0.07
0.01

Factor 4 Uniqueness
1.27
0.13

0.15
-0.02
-0.01
0.66
-0.26
0.01
0.38
0.08
-0.82
-0.02

0.03
0.19
-0.18
-0.45
-0.17
0.60
0.25
0.76
-0.18
0.04

-0.18
0.14
0.11
0.16
-0.07
0.08
0.17
0.09
0.13
0.96

Large farm size and financial leverage


Old age and large payment
Investment and geographical favorabliness
Education and non-farm income

Importance of each factor relative to cross-country trend


0
: In line with cross-country trend
++/+ : more important than cross country trend
--/- : less important than cross-country trend

Belgian Flanders
Canada
Germany
The Netherlands
England
USA

Factor 1

Factor 2

Factor 3

Factor 4

0
0
+
++

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
-

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4.

Summary of findings and policy implications


This report analyses the distribution of farm performance data contributed through the
OECD Network for Farm-level Analysis. The members of the network and the Secretariat
elaborated the Terms of Reference to establish a cross-country database with a
harmonised definition of population and variables. The analysis in the report follows
three steps. The first section compares the distribution of four farm performance
indicators across nine participating countries or regions for selected types of farms. The
second section compares the characteristics of high and low performing groups for
selected type of farms. The deviation indices of farm characteristics of high and low
performers were computed relative to the average characteristics of the population. The
last section applies a factor analysis to find a few sets of principal factors that explain
high farm performance in selected types of farms across countries and assess the
importance of each principal factor for high performance in each country relative to the
cross-country trends.
The cross-country comparison of farm performance distribution revealed that
significant differences exist in farm economic performance within countries as well as
across countries in all the indicators. It implies that the improvement of sector
performance is not only led by productivity improvement of the top performers who are
on the productivity frontier (i.e. though adoption of new technology). Disseminating the
existing technologies or resource reallocation can also lead to a significant improvement
in the performance of the sector. The cross country comparison also allows benchmarking
farm performance with other countries. Even though two countries share comparable
average farm performance, the distribution can be quite different.
The comparative analysis of farm characteristics between high and low performing
groups revealed distinctive characteristics of high and low performers. It also shows that
many characteristics of high and low performance are shared across countries. The factor
analysis found that large farm size is a factor of high performers for most of the farm
types across countries. High performers generate more economic value relative to the size
of land, labour and cash input, indicating their high management capacity in production
and marketing. Main operators characteristics such as age and educational attainment are
also of more importance for high performance for most types of farms in most countries.
The comparison of total payments received by high and low performing groups
shows that payments are often concentrated to low performing farms in some countries.
Even in case low performers receive equivalent or smaller amount of payments as other
farmers, low performers rely much more on support as a source of farm income. The
analysis also shows higher level of non-farm income obtained by low performers in all
types of farms in countries where a data is available. Low performers depend more on
support and on off-farm activities consistently across countries and farm types. Support
and off-farm income are complementing the low performance in agricultural production.
In some countries, low performing group receive more payments relative to their
economic size. Although the objective of some payments is to support economically low
performing farms for environmental or social reasons, the payments to support low
performers may be a factor that retards structural adjustment which could have occurred
in the absence of such payments.
Finally, a statistical factor analysis helps to identify cross-country factors of high farm
performance for selected types of farms. The analysis reduces ten representative farm
characteristic variables to a smaller set of factors. A farm size factor is identified as the

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49

50 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


most relevant factor of high farm performance for most types of farms. The farm size
factor dominates other factors in explaining high performing dairy and field crop farms,
indicating potential gains from the economies of scale. However, the extracted factors
show that a variety of drivers of high performance exists independent from large farm
size. For example, young age of the main operator and the use of financial leverage are
also found as a common factor of high performance for several types of farms across
countries. Similarly, higher educational attainment is a relevant factor of high
performance for some types of farms as well as geographical condition and adoption of
organic production practice in other farm types. The analysis indicates that farm size
expansion is not the only option to improve high performance, but other aspects need to
be considered in policy formation.
Table 8 summarises, by country, the findings from the comparative analysis of the
distribution of farm performance and the factors behind high and low performance. Farm
size is a relevant factor for the majority of countries, but each country has specific
characteristics of high and low performers. The identified factors of high performance
indicate the potential areas that resource reallocation can improve the sectors
performance. The large differences in the size of land or labour inputs of high performers
relative to the rests in some countries imply that resource reallocation would improve the
sectors performance. The analysis points to the importance of removing impediments to
structural adjustment and implement positive measures that facilitate adjustment,
including regulations to facilitate asset transmission. Well-functioning input and output
markets and financial market are fundamental for innovative farmers to evolve in the
sector.
The age difference of the high performing farm operators relative to the rest indicates
the importance of promoting exit and entry to the sector. Young innovative farmers, who
make use of financial leverage, are driving high performance of some types of farms
particularly in the United States and the Netherlands. Higher educational attainment is
also found an important factor of high farm performance particularly for some farm types
in Belgian Flanders and Germany. The analytical results illustrate the importance of
education for the adoption of innovation, and the need to improve general and agricultural
education and training in the farm population.
However, limitations of the data and the analytical methods should also be
recognized. First, although the database was constructed based on harmonized definitions,
the comparison of farm performance indicators needs a careful interpretation. For
example, the definition of farm type and the variables used to construct farm performance
indicators are not necessarily fully comparable across countries due to different survey
designs in each country (e.g. valuation method of farm assets). Second, the cost data used
to construct performance indicators does not take into account the imputed cost of own
land, labour and capital nor exclude farm expense for rented land and hired labour. The
quality differences of production factors are unaccounted. These factors may bias the
distribution of the performance indicators. Third, high performance in one indicator does
not necessarily means high performance if multiple production factors are taken into
account. Moreover, the farm performance indicators are not considering non-market input
and output such as the use of environmentally harmful input or outputs with positive
externality. Fourth, the analysis of the characteristics of high and low performers helps to
find the factors of farm performance, but it does not identify the causality of high farm
performance.

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51

Table 8. Summary of findings by country

Countries

Distribution of farm performance

Australia

Output-input ratio is comparable with EU countries and


regions. The performance of the Top 25% group is
one of the highest in field crop and dairy farms.

Canada

Factors of high and low farm performance


Farm size
Large farm size is less important factor
particularly for field crop and dairy farms

Other factors
Low performers tend to have higher debt
ratio and depend more on non-farm
income and support

The performance of field crop, and beef and sheep


farms are comparable with other countries. The
performance of dairy farms is particularly low once
MPS is taken into account,

Large farm size is less important factor


particularly for dairy and non-ruminants
farms

Low performers tend to receive more


support due to program design

United States

The average performance of high performing group


and population outperforms other countries for most
types of farms. The return to labour is particularly high
for the high performers.

Large farm size is important in field crop


and dairy farms. The concentration of
production to high performers is the
highest.

Younger age and use of financial leverage


is important. Low performers rely on nonfarm income and support.

Flanders (Belgium)

Farm performance is comparable with other EU


countries and regions, but return on equity is
particularly higher

Large farm size is a relevant factor

Higher educational attainment of operator


matters more than in other countries

Estonia

Distribution of output-input ratio is comparable with


other EU countries and regions, but small margin size
is lowering return to, labour, land and own capital.

Large farm size is not important. Low


performers tend to have larger farm size

Low performers tend to adopt organic


production practice

Germany

The distribution of farm performance is one of the


highest in many types of farms.

Large farm size matters less than in other


countries.

High performers tend to have higher


educational attainment and adopt organic
practice.

Italy

High performers in some farm types achieve the


highest output-input ratios, but wide dispersion exists
between the performances of high and low performing
groups.

Large farm size is not important. Low


performing field crop farms have large farm
size.

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52 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


Countries

Distribution of farm performance

Factors of high and low farm performance


Farm size

Other factors

Netherlands

Distributions of farm performance are comparable with


other EU countries and regions, but dispersion of
performance tends to be smaller within the same type
of farms.

Large farm size is particularly important for


many types of farms. Size of investment is
particularly large for high performers.

Young age and use of financial leverage is


an important factor. High performers tend
to adopt organic production practice.

England(UK)

Distributions of farm performance are comparable with


other EU countries and regions, but the performance
of beef and sheep farms is relatively low.

Large farm size is particularly important for


many types of farms.

Low performers have older age.


Geographical favourableness is an
important factor.

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

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References

Antn, J., S. Kimura and R. Martini (2011), Risk Management in Agriculture in Canada, OECD
Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Working Papers, No. 40, OECD.
Conway, J.M. and A. Huffcutt, (2003) A Review and Evaluation of Exploratory Factor Analysis
Practices in Organizational Research. Organizational Research Methods, Vol. 6 No. 2, p147168
Kaiser, H.F. (1960). The application of electronic computers to factor analysis. Educational and
Psychological Measurement, Vol. 20, p141-151.
Latruffe, L. (2010), Competitiveness, Productivity and Efficiency in the Agricultural and AgriFood Sectors, OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Working Papers, No. 30, OECD.
Moreddu, C. (2011), Distribution of Support and Income in Agriculture, OECD Food,
Agriculture and Fisheries Working Papers, No. 46, OECD.
OECD (2011), Fostering Productivity and Competitiveness in Agriculture, OECD, Paris.

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54 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

Annex A.
Data Sources

Australia: Australian Agricultural and Grazing Industries Survey (AAGIS)


and Australian Dairy Industry Survey (ADIS)
The survey documentation is available at:
www.daff.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0017/2003921/survey-definitions-methods.pdf

The target population represents 70% of national gross agricultural output. ABARES
surveys target farming establishments that make a significant contribution to the total
value of agricultural output (i.e. commercial farms). Farms excluded from ABARES
surveys will be the smallest units, and in aggregate will contribute less than 2% to the
total value of agricultural production for the industries covered by the surveys. Since
2004-05, the ABARES farm survey includes establishments classified as having an
estimated value of agricultural operations (EVAO) more than AUD 40 000. EVAO is a
standardised dollar measure of the level of agricultural output. A definition of EVAO is
given in Agricultural Industries: Financial Statistics Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS)
2001, cat. no. 7506.0).
The sample size for AAGIS is usually around 1 600 and for ADIS around 300.
ABARES survey estimates are calculated by appropriately weighting the data
collected from each sample farm and then using the weighted data to calculate population
estimates. Sample weights are calculated so that population estimates from the sample for
numbers of farms, areas of crops and numbers of livestock correspond as closely as
possible to the most recently available ABS estimates from data collected from
Agricultural Census and Surveys.
Definitions of farm types in the database are as follows.
Field crop farms

Farms engaged mainly in growing wheat, rice, other cereal grains, coarse
grains, oilseeds and/or pulses (ANZSIC06 Class 0146 and 0149)

Dairy cattle farms

Farms that milk more than 30 cows for more than 3 months

Beef and sheep


farms

Farms engaged mainly in running beef, sheep or both (ANZSIC06 Class 0141,
0142 and 0144)

Mixed farms

Mixed livestock-crops industry (ANZSIC06 Class 0145)

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

Definitions of variables used to construct farm performance indicators are as follows.


Gross agricultural
output

Cash expenses

Land
Labour

Total farm asset

Total farm
liabilities

Total of revenues received by the farm business during the financial year,
including revenues from the sale of livestock, livestock products and crops,
plus the value of livestock transfers off a property. It includes revenue received
from agistment, royalties, rebates, refunds, plant hire, contracts, sharefarming,
and insurance claims and compensation.
Payments made by the farm business for materials and services and for
permanent and casual hired labour (excluding owner manager, partner and
other family labour). It includes the value of livestock transfers onto the
property as well as any lease payments on capital, produce purchased for
resale, rent, interest, livestock purchases and payments to sharefarmers.
Capital and household expenditures are excluded from total cash costs.
All land operated by the farm business, excluding land share farmed
Measured as work-weeks including owner manager, hired labour, share
farmers, excluding work by contractors. Converted to full-time equivalent
assuming 48 weeks per full-time worker
Value of all assets used on a farm, excluding machinery and equipment used
by contractors. ABARES uses the owner managers valuation of the farm
property.
All debt attributed to farm business, excluding personal debt, lease financed
debt and underwritten loans.

Canada: Agricultural Taxation Data Program file for farms and family
indicators
Organization:

Statistics Canada (StatCan), Agriculture Division.

Description:
The Agricultural Taxation Data Program samples unincorporated and
incorporated tax filer records to estimate a range of financial variables (detailed
revenues and expenses and off-farm income of farm operators).
Scope: The target population consists of all unincorporated, incorporated farms
communal farming organizations in Canada. The sampling frame for
unincorporated farms contains all individuals who report either positive gross
farm income or non-zero net farm income from self-employment on their
Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) T1 General Income Tax and Benefit Return.
For incorporated farms, the sampling frame is made up of all corporations
within the ten provinces and the territories that are classified as farms (50% or
more of the sales has to come from agricultural activities) according to the
North American Industry Classification System and that have sales of
CAD 25 000 or more. The frame also includes all communal farming
organizations that report either positive gross farm income or non-zero net farm
income on their CRA T3 Trust Income Tax and Information Return.
The sampling frame does not include tax filers in multiple jurisdictions (more
than one province), non-Canadian residents or non-resident corporations.
Sample size:
Approximately 180 000 unincorporated farm operations, 20 000
incorporated farms and 300 communal farming organizations.
Scope for the OECD Network project: Farms retained for the project represent 90% of
national gross agricultural output and have more than CAD 100 000 in gross
sales.

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

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56 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


Domains:

a- Farm types based on North American Industry Classification


(NAICS)
b- Operation arrangement: unincorporated, incorporated and communal
farms

Publications:

Statistics Canada, Statistics on Income of Farm Operators - 21-206-X


Statistics Canada, Statistics on Income of Farm Families - 21-207-X
Statistics Canada, Statistics on Revenues and Expenses of Farms - 21208-X

Accessibility:
Data collected by the Canada Revenue Agency and cannot be shared
according to Statistics Canada-Canada Revenue Agency Memorandum of
Understanding agreement. Accessible to Statistics Canada employees and
deemed employees under research contract.
Questionnaire: Not applicable
Metadata:
Please refer to Statistics Canada web site information related to the
publications mentioned above. Statistics Canada, Whole Farm Database
Reference Manual - 21F0005G
Canada: Farm Financial Survey for farm assets, liabilities and net worth indicators.
Organization:

Statistics Canada, Agriculture Division

Description:
This survey collects data on farm operations including land use, capital
investments, capital sales, assets, liabilities, borrowings, income and expenses.
Some questions are asked on income from sources other than this operation.
Scope: The target population for the survey consists of all Canadian agriculture
operations that are active at the end of the reference year. The target population
consists of agriculture operations and not households or families.
Specific farms are excluded from the target population to obtain the survey
population such as farms with less than CAD 10 000 in sales from agricultural
activities, institutional farms, community pastures, farms on Indian Reserves
and farms that are part of multi-holding companies.
Sample size:

14 000 farm operations depending of year.

Domains:

a- Farm types based on North American Industry Classification


b- Farm family1
c- Size based on gross farm income
d- Geography: finest level available is Census of Agriculture Region
e- Operation arrangement:
Unincorporated sector: Sole proprietorship, Partnership, Cooperative
and communal operations
Incorporated sector: Corporation.

Publication:
1.

Statistics Canada, Farm Financial Survey (21F0008X)

A family is defined as the operator, the operators spouse and never married children residing in
the same household.
OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

Accessibility:
Data collected under the authority of the Statistics Act. Accessible to
Statistics Canada employees and deemed employees under research contract.
A micro data file (excluding identifiers) of respondents that consent to share
their survey data information is provided to Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
for statistical and research purposes.
Questionnaire and Metadata: Please refer to Statistics Canada web site information
related to the publications mentioned above.
Contact:

Martin S. Beaulieu, Chief Whole Farm Data Project Section


e-mail: martin.beaulieu@statcan.ca

Definitions of farm types in the database are as follows.


A farm's commodity specialization is determined by the one commodity or related group of commodities that
makes up at least 50% of the farm's total value of production.
Field crop farms

Establishments primarily engaged in (1) growing oilseed and/or grain crops


and/or (2) producing oilseed and grain seeds. These crops have an annual
life cycle and are typically grown in open fields. (NAICS 2007 Class 1111)

Fruit and vegetable farms

Establishments primarily engaged in growing root and tuber crops (except


sugar beets and peanuts) or edible plants and/or producing root and tuber or
edible plant seeds or fruit and/or tree nut crops. (NAICS 2007 Class 1112
and 1113)

Dairy farms

Establishments primarily engaged in milking dairy cattle (NAICS 2007 Class


112120)

Beef and sheep farms

Establishments primarily engaged in raising cattle (including cattle for dairy


herd replacements), or feeding cattle for fattening or raising sheep, lambs,
and goats, or feeding lambs for fattening (NAICS 2007 Class 11211 and
1124)

Non-ruminants farms

Establishments primarily engaged in raising hogs and pigs or poultry (NAICS


2007 Class 1122 and 1123)

Mixed farms

Establishments that do not have one commodity or one related group of


commodities that makes up 50 percent of the total value of production.

Definitions of variables used to construct farm performance indicators are as follows.


Gross agricultural
output

Gross agricultural output is defined as agricultural sales, excluding government


payments and crop insurance indemnities.

Cash expenses

Business costs incurred by a farm operation in the production of agricultural


commodities.(Inter-farm purchases are included in these costs but capital cost
allowance is excluded.)

Land

All cropland (harvested or not), all pasture, range, and forest land on the farm, and
all other land owned or rented by the farm

Labour

Not available in the database

Total farm asset

Value of asset owned by the operation

Total farm liabilities

All debt excluding personal debt

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58 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

European Union Member States: Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN)


The European FADN is presented at http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/rica/index_en.cfm
Information on methodology can be found at
http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/rica/methodology2_en.cfm
Farms below a minimum economic size are excluded from the FADN. Minimum size is
expressed in European Size Unit (ESU), which is a measure of (standard) gross margin.
Thresholds applied in EU members states are presented below.
Economic size thresholds applied by the Commission (in ESU) from Year 2007
Belgium

16

Germany

16

Estonia

Italy

Netherlands

16

United Kingdom

16

Each member country designs its own FADN survey and collects its data, and forwards
standard information to the EU Commission. As a result, national FADN can contain
more information than the European FADN. Farms retained for the OECD Network
project represent 90% of national gross agricultural output.

England
Year
Farms in population

Unit

2004

2006

2007

Number

60 825

59 534

57 089

Agricultural working units


(full time eq.)

AWU

164 923

165 074

158 172

Utilized Agricultural Area

1 000
hectares

8 095

8 078

7 964

2008

2009

Data are for England only. The data source is the Farm Business Survey in England. The
farms in the FBS represent over half of the total number of farm businesses in England.
These farms account for 91% of land area farmed and 96% of agricultural production in
England.

Estonia
Year
Farms in population

Unit

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

Number

6 809

6 724

7 301

7260

7260

Agricultural working units


(full time eq.)

AWU

22 838

20 481

20 405

19 456

17 835

Utilized Agricultural Area

1 000
hectares

811

795

905

In Estonia 7 301 agricultural holdings exceed the threshold of the economic size (2 ESUs)
defined for the purpose of the FADN. The FADN population of agricultural holdings
covers 92.6% of the standard gross margin of Estonian agricultural production, 31.3% of
the total number of agricultural holdings and 87.0% of the utilised agricultural area. The
sample size is 500 farms. All individual data are weighted according to farm type and
economic size class.

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

Flanders (Belgium)
Year

Unit

2004

2006

2007

Farms in population

Number

22 574

21 675

20 690

Agricultural working
units (full time eq.)
Utilized Agricultural
Area

AWU

45 374

44 217

43 242

1 000
hectares

650

651

661

2008

2009

All individual farms data are weighted according to farm type and farm size (economic
size units).

Germany
Year
Farms in population
Agricultural working
units (full time eq.)
Utilized Agricultural
Area

Unit
Number
AWU
1 000
hectares

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

260639

261459

226859

225682

225630

492537

501241

446157

448695

442145

16815

17673

15582

15608

15464

Samples are of about 11 500 farms each year. All individual farms data are weighted by
the weighting factors of the referring year.

Italy
Year
Farms in population
Agricultural working
units (full time eq.)
Utilized Agricultural
Area

Unit

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

Number

663 908

682 469

749 355

730 200

737 160

AWU

919 807

953 737

1 021 349

1 000
hectares

10 942

11 817

11 475

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

Number

64 489

60 440

58 779

59 449

59 280

AWU

157 818

136 603

140 660

1 959

1 942

1 944

Netherlands
Year
Farms in population
Agricultural working
units (full time eq.)
Utilized Agricultural
Area

Unit

1 000
hectares

Definitions of farm types in the database are as follows.


A farm's commodity specialization is determined by the groups of commodities consists of more than
2/3 of the Standard Gross margin (SGM).
Field crop farms
Specialist cereals, oilseed and protein crops, and general field
cropping (TF 13 and 14)
Fruit and
Specialist horticulture and specialist fruit and citrus fruit (TF 20 and 32)
vegetable farms
Dairy farms
Specialist dairying (TF 41)
Beef cattle and
Specialist cattle-rearing and fattening, Cattle-dairying, rearing and
sheep farms
fattening combined, and Sheep, goats and other grazing livestock
(TF 42, 43 and 44)
Non-ruminants
Specialist granivores (TF 50)
farms
Mixed farms

Mixed cropping, mixed livestock and mixed crop-livestock


(TF 6, 7 and 8)

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

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60 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


Definitions of variables used to construct farm performance indicators are as follows.
Gross agricultural
output

Cash expenses
Land

Labour
Total farm asset
Total farm
liabilities

Total of output of crops and crop products, livestock and livestock products and
of other output. Sales and use of (crop and livestock) products and livestock +
change in stocks of products (crop and livestock) + change in valuation of
livestock - purchases of livestock + various non-exceptional products.
Total specific costs (including inputs produced on the holding) and overheads
arising from production in the accounting year.
Total utilised agricultural area. Does not include areas used for mushrooms,
land rented for less than one year on an occasional basis, woodland and other
farm areas.
Total labour input expressed in full-time person equivalent
Only assets in ownership are taken into account.
Value at closing valuation of total of (long- , medium- or short-term) loans still to
be repaid

United States: Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS)


ARM documentation is available at: www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/arms-farmfinancial-and-crop-production-practices/documentation.aspx.
Farms retained for the OECD Network project represent 90% of national gross
agricultural output. As a result, in 2009 (for example), the sample includes any farm with
Gross Agricultural Output (GAO) of at least USD 100 408; that amounts to 363 540 farms,
about 17% of the population in the survey in 2009.
Definitions of farm types in the database are as follows.
A farm's commodity specialization is determined by the one commodity or related group of
commodities that makes up at least 50% of the farm's total value of production.
Field crop farms
Establishments primarily engaged in (1) growing oilseed and/or grain crops
and/or (2) producing oilseed and grain seeds. These crops have an annual life
cycle and are typically grown in open fields. (NAICS 2007 Class 1111)
Fruit and
Establishments primarily engaged in growing root and tuber crops (except sugar
vegetable farms
beets and peanuts) or edible plants and/or producing root and tuber or edible
plant seeds or fruit and/or tree nut crops. (NAICS 2007 Class 1112 and 1113)
Dairy farms
Establishments primarily engaged in milking dairy cattle (NAICS 2007 Class
112120)
Beef and sheep
Establishments primarily engaged in raising cattle (including cattle for dairy herd
farms
replacements), or feeding cattle for fattening or raising sheep, lambs, and goats,
or feeding lambs for fattening (NAICS 2007 Class 11211 and 1124)
Non-ruminants
Establishments primarily engaged in raising hogs and pigs or poultry (NAICS
farms
2007 Class 1122 and 1123)
Mixed farms
Establishments that do not have one commodity or one related group of
commodities that makes up 50% of the total value of production.

Definitions of variables used to construct farm performance indicators are as follows.


Gross agricultural
output

Cash expenses

Land
Labour
Total farm asset
Total farm liabilities

Gross agricultural output is defined as gross receipts, minus government


payments and Federal crop insurance indemnities. Gross receipts are defined
as gross cash farm income (in ERS ARMS nomenclature), which includes
receipts from sales of farm products, receipts from contract fees and
revenues, revenue from land rents, and farm-related income
Cash expenditures includes purchased inputs, property taxes and fees, and
cash payments to stakeholders from the sales of farm production and the
conversion of assets, inventories (in years in which reduced), and capital
consumption into cash.
All cropland (harvested or not), all pasture, range, and forest land on the farm,
and all other land owned or rented by the farm
Number of workers (operators, other paid, other unpaid), including part-time
workers
Value of asset owned by the operation
All debt excluding personal debt

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

Annex B.
Background Tables

Annex Table B.1. Distribution of output-input ratio in selected OECD countries, for selected
farm types, 2004-09
Annex Table B.2. Distribution of net operating income per full-time equivalent labour in
selected OECD countries, for selected farm types, 2004-09
Annex Table B.3. Distribution of net operating income per hectare of land in selected OECD
countries, for selected farm types, 2004-09
Annex Table B.4. Distribution of net operating income per net worth in selected OECD
countries, for selected farm types, 2004-09
Annex Figure B.1 Comparison of the distributions of farm performance indicators between all
farms and individual farms, for selected farm types in Estonia and Germany
Annex Table B5 Average characteristics of high and low performers, Australia, for selected
farm types, by performance indicator, 2004-09
Annex Table B6 Average characteristics of high and low performers, Belgium (Flanders), for
selected farm types, by performance indicator, 2004-09
Annex Table B7 Average characteristics of high and low performers, Canada, for selected
farm types, by performance indicator, 2004-09
Annex Table B8 Average characteristics of high and low performers, Estonia, for selected
farm types, by performance indicator, 2004-09
Annex Table B9 Average characteristics of high and low performers, Germany, for selected
farm types, by performance indicator, 2004-09
Annex Table B10 Average characteristics of high and low performers, Italy, for selected farm
types, by performance indicator, 2004-09
Annex Table B11 Average characteristics of high and low performers, the Netherlands, for
selected farm types, by performance indicator, 2004-09
Annex Table B12 Average characteristics of high and low performers, England (England), for
selected farm types, by performance indicator, 2004-09
Annex Table B13 Average characteristics of high and low performers, United States, for
selected farm types, by performance indicator, 2004-09
Annex Table B.14 Average factor scores by country for selected farm types

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

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62 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


Annex Table B.1. Distribution of output-input ratio in selected OECD countries, for selected farm types, 2004-09
Ratio of gross agricultural output and cash expenditure, output is evaluated by world price
All farms
year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004
1.27
2.06
0.76

2006
1.26
1.98
0.83

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004
1.06
2.04
0.54

2006
1.07
2.03
0.55

Australia
2007
1.09
1.77
0.56
Italy
2007
1.09
2.04
0.63

2008
1.24
2.04
0.76

2009
1.26
2.00
0.77

2004
1.15
1.70
0.88

2008
0.94
2.51
0.27

2009
1.04
2.38
0.56

2004
1.08
1.23
0.84

Flanders (Belgium)
2006
2007
2008
1.30
1.31
1.22
1.84
2.09
1.85
0.99
0.99
0.92
Netherlands
2006
2007
2008
1.20
1.19
1.14
1.36
1.27
1.24
0.94
0.95
0.93

2009
1.25
1.78
0.95

2004
1.01
1.41
0.74

2009
1.10
1.27
0.90

2004
0.93
1.29
0.50

Canada
2006
2007
0.96
1.05
1.28
1.57
0.73
0.79
England (UK)
2006
2007
1.06
1.10
1.53
1.50
0.56
0.72

Estonia
2006
2007
0.97
1.16
1.59
1.85
0.74
0.75
United States
2006
2007
1.26
1.29
1.13
1.05
1.29
1.37

2008
1.05
1.51
0.76

2009
1.01
1.46
0.74

2004
0.97
1.48
0.74

2008
1.03
1.36
0.70

2009
0.79
1.41
0.80

2004
1.23
1.18
1.27

2008
1.15
1.62
0.78

2009
1.12
1.66
0.77

2004
1.18
2.02
0.77

2008
1.19
1.60
0.82

2009
1.02
1.32
0.73

2004
1.32
2.23
0.81

Estonia
2006
2007
1.09
1.47
1.95
2.05
0.74
0.85
United States
2006
2007
1.18
1.34
2.48
1.42
0.76
1.14

2008
1.13
1.72
0.78

2009
1.08
1.56
0.75

2004

2006

2008
1.06
1.77
0.89

2009
1.16
1.56
0.95

2004
1.35
2.12
0.86

United States
2006
2007
1.30
1.39
2.55
1.44
0.80
1.02

2008
0.99
1.53
0.64

2009
0.93
1.42
0.64

2008
1.30
0.85
2.36

2009
1.26
0.97
1.30

2008
1.01
1.72
0.65

2009
0.93
1.55
0.60

2008
1.38
2.30
0.83

2009
1.36
1.42
1.19

2008

2009

2008
1.29
2.37
0.80

2009
1.40
1.40
1.07

2004
1.18
1.71
0.97

2006
1.26
1.77
1.04

Germany
2007
1.31
1.84
1.08

2008
1.25
1.74
1.04

2009
1.26
1.77
1.05

2004
1.23
1.73
1.00

2006
1.32
1.89
1.05

Germany
2007
1.35
1.97
1.09

2008
1.31
1.81
1.03

2009
1.29
1.82
1.03

2004
1.29
2.00
1.05

2006
1.31
2.07
1.06

Germany
2007
1.34
2.17
1.08

2008
1.30
2.00
1.03

2009
1.29
1.96
1.04

Field crop farm


Australia
2007
1.15
1.78
0.46
Italy
2007
0.84
1.76
0.56

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004
1.41
2.09
0.80

2006
1.27
1.86
0.82

2008
1.29
2.06
0.68

2009
1.38
2.10
0.81

2004
1.14
1.68
0.77

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004
0.75
1.93
0.49

2006
0.80
1.98
0.51

2008
0.82
2.25
0.24

2009
0.97
2.36
0.55

2004
0.95
1.07
0.72

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004

Australia
2006
2007

2008

2009

2004
1.61
2.62
1.02

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004
1.18
2.12
0.56

2006
1.18
2.07
0.58

Italy
2007
1.20
2.10
0.67

2008
1.16
2.68
0.22

2009
1.21
2.45
0.56

2004
1.34
1.55
0.97

Flanders (Belgium)
2006
2007
2008
1.47
1.36
1.15
2.17
2.06
1.73
1.01
0.98
0.81
Netherlands
2006
2007
2008
1.45
1.31
1.15
1.72
1.45
1.36
0.88
0.88
0.77

2009
1.20
1.75
0.91

2004
1.09
1.58
0.73

2009
1.27
1.44
0.85

2004
1.12
1.48
0.89

Canada
2006
2007
1.00
1.17
1.43
1.72
0.64
0.82
England (UK)
2006
2007
1.00
1.17
1.37
1.77
0.66
0.79

Fruit and vegetable farm


Flanders (Belgium)
2006
2007
2008
1.64
1.89
1.65
2.91
2.94
2.77
1.11
1.24
1.12
Netherlands
2006
2007
2008
1.52
1.49
1.37
1.68
1.65
1.55
1.15
1.12
1.12

2009
1.55
2.47
1.10

2004
1.10
1.73
0.80

2009
1.20
1.23
0.91

2004
1.09
1.55
0.73

Canada
2006
2007
1.10
1.13
1.64
1.85
0.78
0.81
England (UK)
2006
2007
1.14
1.14
1.43
1.72
0.95
0.90

Estonia
2007

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

63

Dairy farm
year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004
1.25
2.63
0.69

2006
1.29
2.16
0.85

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004

2006

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004
1.22
1.13
0.82

2006
1.32
1.24
1.51

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004
1.22
2.01
0.56

2006
1.14
1.96
0.56

Australia
2007
1.09
1.14
1.01
Italy
2007

Australia
2007
1.14
1.66
0.61
Italy
2007
1.15
2.10
0.66

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004

Australia
2006
2007

year
Mean
Top 25 percentile
Bottom 25 percentile

2004
0.90
1.89
0.58

2006
0.99
2.10
0.55

2008
1.31
2.90
0.69

2009
1.19
1.54
0.97

2004
1.04
1.35
0.78

2008

2009

2004
0.95
1.09
0.76

2008
1.30
1.65
1.02

2009
1.34
1.60
0.99

2004
0.82
1.22
0.57

2008
0.95
2.52
0.37

2009
0.90
2.22
0.57

2004
0.92
1.24
0.65

2008

2009

2004
1.16
1.39
0.94

Italy
2007
1.03
1.98
0.63

2008
0.81
2.24
0.43

2009
1.19
2.67
0.62

2004
1.01
1.11
0.84

Flanders (Belgium)
2006
2007
2008
1.26
1.64
1.39
1.63
2.24
1.84
0.94
1.23
1.03
Netherlands
2006
2007
2008
1.10
1.35
1.28
1.24
1.46
1.40
0.85
1.09
1.03

Flanders (Belgium)
2006
2007
2008
0.97
1.01
1.05
1.37
1.43
1.54
0.60
0.61
0.73
Netherlands
2006
2007
2008
0.88
0.88
0.94
1.22
1.07
1.13
0.52
0.65
0.66

Flanders (Belgium)
2006
2007
2008
1.30
1.14
1.07
1.53
1.38
1.27
1.08
0.93
0.92
Netherlands
2006
2007
2008
1.10
0.99
0.98
1.26
1.04
1.05
0.85
0.87
0.84

2009
1.32
1.73
0.98

2004
0.76
1.04
0.61

2009
1.05
1.32
0.82

2004
0.87
1.17
0.69

Canada
2006
2007
0.61
0.86
0.85
1.18
0.49
0.69
England (UK)
2006
2007
0.86
1.10
1.13
1.45
0.67
0.88

Beef and sheep farm


Canada
2009
2004
2006
2007
1.08
0.94
1.01
0.99
1.55
1.41
1.57
1.59
0.73
0.59
0.72
0.65
England (UK)
2009
2004
2006
2007
1.04
0.92
0.49
0.56
1.27
1.37
0.83
0.87
0.63
0.56
0.21
0.26

2009
1.21
1.42
0.96
2009
1.06
1.27
0.93

Non-ruminants farm
Canada
2004
2006
2007
1.07
1.01
0.95
1.42
1.41
1.38
0.87
0.75
0.71
England (UK)
2004
2006
2007
0.91
1.03
1.04
1.71
1.87
1.99
0.90
0.77
0.81

2008
0.92
1.28
0.73

2009
0.62
0.81
0.50

2004
0.88
1.23
0.74

2008
1.19
1.53
0.98

2009
1.12
1.42
0.90

2004
1.06
1.68
0.69

Estonia
2006
2007
0.86
1.05
1.16
1.34
0.75
0.84
United States
2006
2007
1.10
1.09
2.25
1.32
0.79
-0.27

2008
1.00
1.58
0.66

2009
1.01
1.70
0.63

2004

2006

2008
0.78
1.18
0.44

2009
0.75
1.05
0.43

2004
1.28
2.27
0.83

United States
2006
2007
1.22
1.17
2.87
1.19
0.75
1.08

Estonia
2007

Estonia
2007

2008
0.86
1.26
0.61

2009
0.87
1.23
0.65

2004

2006

2008
0.93
1.32
0.78

2009
0.96
1.43
0.84

2004
1.36
2.32
0.74

United States
2006
2007
1.33
1.41
3.01
1.56
0.74
1.26

2008
0.99
1.40
0.80

2009
0.93
1.27
0.76

2008
1.28
2.38
0.91

2009
0.98
1.05
0.67

2008

2009

2008
1.16
2.74
0.83

2009
1.14
1.17
0.95

2008

2009

2008
1.36
2.47
0.82

2009
1.31
1.31
1.33

2004
1.17
1.87
0.92

2006
1.33
1.85
1.07

Germany
2007
1.53
2.16
1.23

2008
1.38
1.94
1.12

2009
1.41
2.05
1.13

2004
1.13
1.66
0.91

2006
1.15
1.81
0.94

Germany
2007
1.18
1.66
0.97

2008
1.17
1.72
0.97

2009
1.17
1.69
0.95

2004
1.17
1.48
0.98

2006
1.18
1.45
1.02

Germany
2007
1.08
1.34
0.92

2008
1.13
1.44
0.99

2009
1.18
1.44
1.02

Mixed farm
year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004
1.32
1.33
1.26

2006
1.24
1.09
1.45

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004
1.09
1.96
0.57

2006
1.06
2.02
0.59

Australia
2007
1.05
1.41
0.67
Italy
2007
1.08
1.94
0.65

2008
1.26
1.66
0.88

2009
1.31
2.11
0.74

2004
1.10
1.46
0.85

2008
0.71
2.20
0.24

2009
1.04
2.24
0.56

2004
0.98
1.16
0.77

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

Flanders (Belgium)
2006
2007
2008
1.28
1.26
1.21
1.66
1.83
1.62
0.94
1.01
0.96
Netherlands
2006
2007
2008
1.14
1.18
1.15
1.40
1.40
1.32
0.74
0.73
0.84

2009
1.21
1.64
0.96

2004
1.15
1.83
0.76

2009
1.21
1.36
0.94

2004
0.95
1.27
0.77

Canada
2006
2007
1.02
1.09
1.61
1.77
0.63
0.71
England (UK)
2006
2007
0.80
0.93
1.05
1.19
0.54
0.56

2008
1.08
1.77
0.69

2009
1.11
1.65
0.71

2004
1.12
1.52
0.97

2008
1.00
1.35
0.69

2009
0.95
1.29
0.67

2004
1.50
2.44
0.92

Estonia
2006
2007
1.18
1.21
1.59
1.65
1.02
1.00
United States
2006
2007
1.40
1.40
2.65
1.50
0.89
1.12

2008
1.17
1.58
1.01

2009
1.18
1.61
1.03

2008
1.18
2.20
0.86

2009
1.22
1.25
1.16

2004
1.09
1.96
0.57

2006
1.06
2.02
0.59

Germany
2007
1.08
1.94
0.65

2008
0.71
2.20
0.24

2009
1.04
2.24
0.56

64 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


Annex Table B.2. Distribution of net operating income per full-time equivalent labour in selected OECD countries, for selected farm types, 2004-09
USD thousand per full-time equivalent labour input, output is evaluated by world price
All farms
year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004
27.4
65.1
-38.3

2006
24.0
99.5
-22.8

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004

2006

Australia
2007
11.3
76.1
-53.2
Italy
2007

2008
19.3
71.6
-27.7

2009
28.1
88.9
-19.6

2004
27.1
73.1
-1.7

2008

2009

2004
8.5
26.5
-14.5

Flanders (Belgium)
2006
2007
2008
26.2
33.8
12.6
63.9
38.7
66.6
-5.4
-4.6
-7.0
Netherlands
2006
2007
2008
24.1
28.5
24.7
44.7
44.0
43.8
-7.3
-7.4
-11.7

Canada
2007

2009
25.8
65.9
-3.1

2004

2006

2009
17.1
44.2
-17.4

2004
1.5
22.5
-15.7

England (UK)
2006
2007
-6.7
6.5
22.3
55.6
-49.5
-44.5

Estonia
2006
2007
4.9
-0.8
8.7
10.9
-11.1
-12.9
United States
2006
2007

2008

2009

2004
-2.5
7.9
-7.9

2008
11.4
54.0
-27.0

2009
2.9
30.0
-31.7

2004

2008

2009

2004
2.8
10.8
-3.9

2008
26.6
86.3
-24.2

2009
3.2
40.7
-40.7

2004

Estonia
2006
2007
1.9
12.4
12.2
39.5
-6.6
-2.5
United States
2006
2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2008
4.9
47.0
-7.9

2009
10.4
28.1
-6.3

2004

United States
2006
2007

2008
-0.5
20.3
-5.0

2009
-0.5
4.5
-5.4

2008
30.2
164.2
-14.6

2009
26.0
155.8
-16.7

2004
15.6
76.8
2.0

2006
35.7
71.0
1.8

Germany
2007
32.2
82.3
-2.4

2008
24.3
43.8
4.6

2009
30.1
60.0
2.6

Field crop farm


Australia
2007
21.2
104.5
-71.6
Italy
2007

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004
35.1
95.1
-20.4

2006
35.9
100.0
-27.2

2008
47.3
152.5
-60.8

2009
59.3
153.8
-34.6

2004
8.7
28.1
-11.0

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004

2006

2008

2009

2004
-6.2
10.1
-34.1

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004

Australia
2006
2007

2008

2009

2004
26.4
52.8
3.3

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004

2006

Italy
2007

2008

2009

2004
19.7
38.4
-1.7

Flanders (Belgium)
2006
2007
2008
30.8
30.0
16.1
63.2
63.6
51.5
2.0
5.5
-1.6
Netherlands
2006
2007
2008
56.9
44.6
26.3
109.0
70.9
68.8
-13.5
-14.5
-43.6

Canada
2007

2009
18.5
32.6
-1.1

2004

2006

2009
45.6
84.8
-26.0

2004
14.1
47.3
-13.1

England (UK)
2006
2007
0.4
22.7
38.9
93.6
-49.2
-28.6

2008
0.4
15.7
-11.5

2009
-2.5
9.8
-18.2

2008
47.0
173.6
-20.0

2009
49.3
158.3
-33.5

2008

2009

2008
18.8
152.8
-7.7

2009
21.6
181.8
-9.9

2004
22.2
61.0
-1.4

2006
34.0
89.3
1.6

Germany
2007
45.0
108.9
4.9

2008
44.4
105.2
0.3

2009
36.8
92.5
-0.6

Fruit and vegetables farm


Flanders (Belgium)
2006
2007
2008
29.6
46.1
32.9
60.2
82.3
70.6
7.3
11.4
6.3
Netherlands
2006
2007
2008
33.7
38.2
31.4
49.0
62.3
43.5
10.7
9.9
11.1

Canada
2007

2009
24.7
59.1
2.5

2004

2006

2009
16.6
22.7
-8.0

2004
5.5
25.3
-15.0

England (UK)
2006
2007
9.5
10.3
25.3
43.6
-3.1
-8.6

Estonia
2007

2004
17.0
41.4
1.5

2006
18.5
47.9
2.2

Germany
2007
22.6
56.1
3.6

2008
20.8
52.6
1.2

2009
19.3
46.8
0.3

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

65

Dairy farm
year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004
15.9
37.9
-2.2

2006
25.8
62.8
-7.0

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004

2006

Australia
2007
9.9
47.0
-40.6
Italy
2007

2008
43.2
91.1
-1.8

2009
25.1
64.7
-22.1

2004
2.8
15.8
-8.2

2008

2009

2004
-4.8
9.4
-25.7

Flanders (Belgium)
2006
2007
2008
17.9
55.2
38.5
36.8
93.9
74.7
-1.0
18.7
6.4
Netherlands
2006
2007
2008
11.6
48.1
48.1
28.4
65.9
69.0
-17.5
13.0
4.9

Canada
2007

2009
27.4
54.2
2.0

2004

2006

2009
7.6
41.8
-37.5

2004
-10.3
1.3
-22.2

England (UK)
2006
2007
-14.3
13.1
6.4
48.5
-37.0
-16.6

2008

2009

2004
-2.4
0.6
-4.8

2008
26.3
63.3
-4.8

2009
14.5
43.1
-12.8

2004

Estonia
2006
2007
-3.4
1.8
1.9
9.2
-7.3
-3.6
United States
2006
2007

2008
-0.3
10.3
-7.0

2009
-2.9
6.2
-7.2

2008
36.0
149.6
-11.1

2009
6.3
114.4
-10.0

2004
12.0
33.7
-3.6

2006
25.9
51.6
5.1

Germany
2007
51.6
97.5
16.7

2008
38.8
77.1
9.1

2009
37.7
76.4
8.3

Beef and sheep farm


Australia
2007
16.6
72.5
-50.7
Italy
2007

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004
13.8
51.1
-19.7

2006
24.8
74.7
-4.7

2008
24.9
75.8
-37.2

2009
26.8
73.3
-29.0

2004
-14.0
-6.5
-30.1

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004

2006

2008

2009

2004
-7.6
21.3
-60.7

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004

Australia
2006
2007

2008

2009

2004
35.5
88.5
-8.5

year
Mean
Top 25 percentile
Bottom 25 percentile

2004

2006

Italy
2007

2008

2009

2004
3.5
36.5
-33.7

2008
29.6
108.2
-38.0
2008

Flanders (Belgium)
2006
2007
2008
-2.9
0.6
4.8
15.0
25.1
43.3
-33.6
-38.5
-28.1
Netherlands
2006
2007
2008
-10.8
-14.4
-8.2
20.1
9.1
17.0
-39.3
-41.1
-52.9

Canada
2007

2009
7.0
34.3
-16.9

2004

2006

2009
4.6
28.6
-36.0

2004
-4.5
11.1
-24.8

England (UK)
2006
2007
-30.9
-31.0
-9.6
-8.5
-62.3
-67.5

Estonia
2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2008
-13.8
7.4
-42.8

2009
-14.5
-1.7
-41.1

2004

United States
2006
2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2008
-14.7
-0.4
-40.6

2009
-7.1
-6.9
-9.5

2004

United States
2006
2007

2008

2009

2008
16.3
205.4
-31.7

2009
18.3
177.8
-27.9

2008

2009
30.4
71.1
0.5

2008
27.3
172.4
-8.0

2009
32.3
126.6
-16.0

2004
10.0
32.9
-7.0

2006
12.9
44.7
-5.8

Germany
2007
19.5
53.4
-5.7

2008
19.4
59.2
-7.1

2009
17.8
49.9
-5.6

2004
35.4
74.4
0.8

2006
20.0
63.9
-21.2

Germany
2007
36.1
88.3
-3.3

2008
59.2
120.7
10.2

2009
51.7
105.6
7.0

Non-ruminants farm
Flanders (Belgium)
2006
2007
2008
62.5
40.5
23.9
118.9
106.9
83.7
21.8
-23.7
-26.1
Netherlands
2006
2007
2008
27.9
-4.2
-10.7
77.0
16.5
26.3
-33.3
-43.6
-59.6

Canada
2007

2009
65.7
154.6
-2.3

2004

2006

2009
24.9
116.1
-26.0

2004
-14.5
3.9
-14.7

England (UK)
2006
2007
4.4
8.5
89.6
84.2
-32.5
-28.4

Estonia
2007

Mixed farms
year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004
25.2
79.4
-23.1

2006
22.3
69.2
-16.8

Australia
2007
5.2
60.4
-55.2

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004

2006

2007

2009
29.1
90.2
-22.3
Italy
2009

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

2004
9.8
32.1
-8.0
2004
-1.9
16.3
-25.8

Flanders (Belgium)
2006
2007
2008
28.2
32.2
27.1
67.3
60.8
61.3
-2.1
0.3
-5.9
Netherlands
2006
2007
2008
17.6
26.9
28.6
50.2
59.6
59.4
-28.9
-37.1
-26.2

Canada
2007

2009
25.3
55.6
-2.6

2004

2006

2009
36.2
55.4
-8.4

2004
-5.0
15.3
-19.1

England (UK)
2006
2007
-20.4
-9.0
2.2
17.7
-52.6
-52.3

Estonia
2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2008
0.0
33.2
-28.5

2009
-4.9
30.7
-31.8

2004

United States
2006
2007

2008

2009

2008
15.2
136.0
-8.3

2009
15.7
162.1
-5.6

2004
12.8
43.8
-3.8

2006
21.3
58.6
0.5

Germany
2007
31.0
76.0
-2.0

2008
29.0
75.1
-0.7

2009
27.5
71.9
1.8

66 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


Annex Table B.3. Distribution of net operating income per hectare of land in selected OECD countries, for selected farm types, 2004-09
USD thousand per hectare, output is evaluated by world price
All farms
year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004
0.01
0.17
-0.01

2006
0.01
0.22
0.00

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004

2006

Australia
2007
0.00
0.17
-0.11
Italy
2007

2008
0.01
0.28
-0.04

2009
0.01
0.20
-0.04

2004
0.86
3.78
-0.50

2008

2009

2004
0.68
2.46
-1.18

Flanders (Belgium)
2006
2007
1.84
2.21
6.44
6.80
-0.10
-0.04
Netherlands
2006
2007
1.73
2.12
3.62
3.74
-0.50
-0.55

2008
1.80
6.67
-0.44

2009
1.83
6.66
-0.16

2004
0.02
1.03
-0.33

2008
1.81
3.79
-0.93

2009
1.26
3.80
-1.35

2004
0.03
0.42
-0.35

Canada
2007
0.09
1.55
-0.47
England (UK)
2006
2007
-0.16
0.12
0.66
1.31
-0.77
-0.74
2006
-0.06
0.39
-0.49

2008
0.10
1.45
-0.58

2009
0.01
0.73
-0.60

2004
-0.01
0.15
-0.12

2008
0.24
1.28
-0.46

2009
0.06
0.91
-0.44

2004

Estonia
2006
2007
-0.02
0.11
0.30
0.37
-0.18
-0.12
United States
2006
2007
0.23
2.77
-0.08

2008
-0.01
0.29
-0.20

2009
-0.05
0.25
-0.19

2008
0.25
2.58
-0.10

2009
0.19
2.10
-0.12

2004
0.46
1.63
-0.03

2006
0.69
2.06
0.11

Germany
2007
1.02
2.67
0.25

2008
0.92
2.54
0.15

2009
0.86
2.37
0.15

Field crop farm


Australia
2007
0.02
0.14
-0.10
Italy
2007

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004
0.05
0.20
-0.02

2006
0.04
0.18

2008
0.05
0.24
-0.06

2009
0.06
0.21
-0.03

2004
0.27
0.73
-0.53

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004

2006

2008

2009

2004
-0.14
0.26
-0.90

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004

Australia
2006
2007

2008

2009

2004
6.13
17.73
0.90

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004

2006

Italy
2007

2008

2009

2004
3.68
8.93
-0.22

Flanders (Belgium)
2006
2007
0.93
0.85
2.29
1.67
0.07
0.04
Netherlands
2006
2007
1.24
1.16
2.88
2.86
-0.27
-0.37

2008
0.47
1.73
-0.06

2009
0.58
1.15
-0.05

2004
0.05
0.40
-0.20

2008
0.56
1.64
-1.09

2009
0.96
2.04
-0.58

2004
0.17
0.50
-0.18

Canada
2007
0.15
0.64
-0.18
England (UK)
2006
2007
0.01
0.26
0.56
0.99
-0.48
-0.36
2006
0.00
0.37
-0.35

2008
0.16
0.71
-0.27

2009
0.14
0.67
-0.31

2004
0.05
0.31
-0.07

2008
0.30
0.84
-0.27

2009
0.04
0.49
-0.38

2004

2008
1.75
18.63
-3.61

2009
0.96
10.64
-3.50

2004

2008
1.04
16.81
-1.69

2009
2.15
9.33
-0.99

2004

Estonia
2006
2007
0.03
0.19
0.28
0.43
-0.09
-0.06
United States
2006
2007
0.20
1.19
-0.09

2008
0.01
0.27
-0.16

2009
-0.03
0.20
-0.18

2008
0.25
1.27
-0.14

2009
0.24
1.15
-0.15

2008

2009

2008
1.40
3.67
-0.72

2009
1.62
4.24
-0.85

2004
0.36
1.13
0.02

2006
0.54
1.76
0.08

Germany
2007
0.71
2.08
0.17

2008
0.71
1.94
0.08

2009
0.59
1.66
0.06

2004
7.11
91.31
1.01

2006
7.88
87.62
1.13

Germany
2007
9.15
93.15
1.66

2008
8.40
81.58
0.85

2009
7.85
83.59
0.58

Fruit and vegetables farm


Flanders (Belgium)
2006
2007
7.92
12.51
30.11
30.84
1.75
2.86
Netherlands
2006
2007
7.30
8.40
14.58
12.07
1.69
1.59

2008
8.74
31.49
1.29

2009
7.16
31.42
0.87

2004
0.87
10.12
-2.31

2008
6.62
10.35
1.90

2009
4.17
6.89
-2.07

2004
1.15
9.80
-3.38

Canada
2007
1.69
17.46
-2.98
England (UK)
2006
2007
1.79
2.03
11.71
17.83
-0.91
-1.49
2006
1.00
11.50
-3.35

2006

Estonia
2007

United States
2006
2007
1.42
3.11
-0.75

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

67

Dairy farm
Australia
2007
0.11
0.65
-0.48
Italy
2007

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004
0.19
0.54
-0.01

2006
0.30
0.87
-0.06

2008
0.50
1.30
0.03

2009
0.30
0.84
-0.27

2004
0.13
0.65
-0.45

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004

2006

2008

2009

2004
-0.18
0.32
-0.93

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004
0.00
0.11
-0.03

2006
0.01
0.14
-0.01

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004

Australia
2007
0.00
0.16
-0.09
Italy
2006
2007

2008
0.00
0.13
-0.04

2009
0.01
0.13
-0.02

2004
-0.52
-0.03
-0.93

2008

2009

2004
-0.39
2.29
-1.44

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004

Australia
2006
2007

2008

2009

2004
3.41
10.27
0.39

year
Mean
Top 25 percentile
Bottom 25 percentile

2004

2006

Italy
2007

2008

2009

2004
0.46
9.53
-3.02

Flanders (Belgium)
2006
2007
0.74
2.26
1.49
3.60
-0.03
0.95
Netherlands
2006
2007
0.42
1.70
0.98
2.30
-0.63
0.48

2008
1.69
2.94
0.36

2009
1.18
2.26
0.05

2004
-0.79
-0.79
-1.08

2008
1.73
2.56
0.17

2009
0.27
1.71
-1.18

2004
-0.32
0.09
-0.62

2008
0.18
1.76
-0.86

2009
0.26
1.48
-0.62

2004
-0.05
0.31
-0.55

2008
-0.41
1.33
-1.97

2009
0.28
2.75
-1.80

2004
-0.06
0.16
-0.36

Canada
2007
-0.67
0.00
-1.17
England (UK)
2006
2007
-0.39
0.36
0.24
1.52
-0.89
-0.37
2006
-1.46
-2.26
-1.30

2008
-0.40
0.83
-1.19

2009
-1.95
-2.98
-1.88

2004
-0.07
0.04
-0.13

2008
0.72
1.95
-0.09

2009
0.39
1.32
-0.33

2004

2008
0.00
0.84
-0.87

2009
0.01
0.87
-0.69

2004

2008
-0.18
0.14
-0.61

2009
-0.18
-0.03
-0.58

2004

2008
-1.36
1.91
-23.02

2009
-1.34
2.20
-23.83

2004

2008
-1.0
9.06
-3.10

2009
-0.5
-4.83
-1.05

2004

2008
0.20
6.00
-1.39

2009
0.29
3.69
-1.15

2004

2008
0.00
0.77
-0.55

2009
-0.09
0.64
-0.62

2004

Estonia
2006
2007
-0.10
0.05
0.07
0.23
-0.23
-0.12
United States
2006
2007
0.27
1.00
-0.88

2008
-0.01
0.30
-0.20

2009
-0.08
0.19
-0.18

2008
1.02
2.94
-0.87

2009
-0.07
2.01
-1.12

2008

2009

2008
0.04
3.80
-0.03

2009
0.03
2.55
-0.03

2004
0.39
1.60
-0.13

2006
0.80
1.84
0.21

Germany
2007
1.61
3.15
0.65

2008
1.21
2.67
0.37

2009
1.16
2.64
0.33

2004
0.24
1.03
-0.09

2006
0.31
1.35
-0.08

Germany
2007
0.43
1.55
-0.06

2008
0.45
1.65
-0.07

2009
0.40
1.51
-0.04

Beef and sheep farm


Flanders (Belgium)
2006
2007
-0.10
0.02
0.83
1.01
-1.10
-1.15
Netherlands
2006
2007
-0.55
-0.68
1.65
0.90
-1.87
-1.42

Canada
2007
-0.02
0.66
-1.00
England (UK)
2006
2007
-0.42
-0.43
-0.16
-0.15
-0.99
-0.97
2006
0.01
0.54
-0.52

2006

Estonia
2007

United States
2006
2007
0.05
2.82
-0.02

Non-ruminants farm
Flanders (Belgium)
2006
2007
6.61
3.52
14.68
7.12
3.94
1.46
Netherlands
2006
2007
3.08
-0.54
15.64
3.69
-2.94
-5.67

2008
1.71
6.11
-1.75

2009
5.04
14.16
5.13

2004
0.29
3.64
-0.77

2008
-1.51
5.51
-8.68

2009
4.16
38.35
-4.62

2004
-3.0
-44.38
-2.14

Canada
2007
-0.35
4.21
-8.20
England (UK)
2006
2007
-1.1
-0.8
1.32
2.49
-3.26
-4.90
2006
0.04
3.97
-3.91

2006

Estonia
2007

United States
2006
2007
0.71
4.06
-0.38

2008

2009

2008
0.56
3.17
-0.32

2009
0.40
2.73
-0.17

2008

2009

2008
0.73
6.45
-1.67

2009
1.75
6.00
-1.68

2004
1.15
2.93
-0.06

2006
1.30
2.87
0.06

Germany
2007
0.76
2.46
-0.86

2008
1.28
3.62
-0.01

2009
1.53
3.26
0.14

2004
0.32
1.32
-0.06

2006
0.51
1.72
0.07

Germany
2007
0.74
2.12
0.06

2008
0.69
2.10
0.08

2009
0.65
1.95
0.13

Mixed farm
year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004
0.03
0.14
-0.03

2006
0.03
0.14
-0.01

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004

2006

Australia
2007
0.01
0.09
-0.09
Italy
2007

2008
0.03
0.18
-0.05

2009
0.04
0.14
-0.03

2004
0.50
2.22
-0.73

2008

2009

2004
-0.09
1.48
-0.83

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

Flanders (Belgium)
2006
2007
1.37
1.54
3.38
3.48
-0.23
-0.01
Netherlands
2006
2007
0.84
1.14
3.05
3.19
-1.26
-1.67

2008
1.36
3.76
-0.35

2009
1.22
3.68
-0.13

2004
0.31
9.48
-0.33

2008
1.43
4.10
-1.38

2009
1.62
4.31
-0.38

2004
-0.10
0.34
-0.47

Canada
2007
0.23
7.38
-1.34
England (UK)
2006
2007
-0.38
-0.17
0.10
0.45
-0.75
-0.88
2006
0.04
3.88
-2.11

2006

Estonia
2007

United States
2006
2007
2.75
9.40
-0.88

68 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


Annex Table B.4. Distribution of net operating income per net worth in selected OECD countries, for selected farm types, 2004-09
Percentage, output is evaluated by world price
All farms
year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004
2.9
10.0
-3.5

2006
2.4
8.1
-2.0

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004

2006

Australia
2007
0.9
6.0
-5.3
Italy
2007

2008
2.1
8.4
-3.1

2009
2.2
7.3
-2.7

2004
6.9
32.7
-3.9

2008

2009

2004
1.8
7.6
-3.7

Flanders (Belgium)
2006
2007
2008
12.8
13.2
9.6
43.9
40.5
29.8
-0.8
-0.2
-2.7
Netherlands
2006
2007
2008
4.5
5.1
4.0
12.7
13.5
11.3
-1.4
-1.4
-2.2

2009
10.6
30.9
-1.3

2004
0.4
10.2
-9.5

2009
2.6
9.2
-3.3

2004
0.4
4.9
-3.8

Canada
2006
2007
-0.9
1.2
6.5
10.9
-9.0
-7.1
England (UK)
2006
2007
-1.4
1.1
5.8
9.7
-10.8
-6.7

Estonia
2006
2007
-1.6
7.7
13.7
23.8
-21.6
-10.7
United States
2006
2007
4.1
6.6
29.0
40.9
-4.3
-3.7

2008
1.3
10.4
-8.5

2009
0.2
10.7
-8.4

2004
-1.2
19.0
-12.0

2008
1.7
9.8
-3.8

2009
0.5
6.6
-4.3

2004
6.2
34.4
-3.3

2008
3.1
12.3
-6.1

2009
2.7
12.9
-5.9

2004
5.6
24.0
-9.8

2008
2.3
9.2
-1.9

2009
0.3
4.1
-3.9

2004
6.3
32.7
-4.1

Estonia
2006
2007
3.1
16.3
17.7
29.8
-14.1
-5.4
United States
2006
2007
3.4
6.5
24.0
32.3
-6.9
-3.6

2008
3.9
22.6
-7.9

2009
2.8
18.8
-10.3

2004

2006

2008
4.2
35.2
-5.2

2009
8.8
29.4
-2.1

2004
7.7
43.3
-2.6

United States
2006
2007
6.8
9.0
30.4
44.6
-4.8
-2.9

2008
-0.8
14.5
-22.4

2009
-3.4
12.4
-21.3

2008
7.2
31.9
-3.7

2009
5.5
31.1

2008
0.5
15.8
-17.5

2009
-2.8
13.3
-21.2

2008
8.2
31.9
-4.5

2009
7.2
28.8
-5.6

2008

2009

2008
7.0
36.2
-3.7

2009
8.3
40.0
-5.0

2004
4.7
16.1
0.1

2006
7.0
21.0
1.1

Germany
2007
9.6
26.3
1.6

2008
8.1
23.3
0.6

2009
7.8
22.3
0.8

2004
4.8
21.5
-0.1

2006
6.8
26.1
0.4

Germany
2007
8.5
30.0
0.8

2008
7.8
29.4
0.2

2009
6.6
22.5
0.0

2004
16.9
79.7
2.6

2006
17.9
73.9
3.4

Germany
2007
19.8
80.0
4.1

2008
16.8
70.9
1.4

2009
16.9
69.4
0.5

Field crop farm


Australia
2006
2007
3.9
1.9
11.6
8.9
-3.3
-9.3
Italy
2006
2007

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004
5.2
15.6
-2.3

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004

2006

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004

2006

2008
3.8
13.2
-5.1

2009
4.9
11.2
-3.3

2004
3.5
9.8
-4.8

2008

2009

2004
-0.7
1.6
-7.2

Australia
2007

2008

2009

2004
23.0
70.8
4.4

Italy
2007

2008

2009

2004
9.0
35.0
-0.7

Flanders (Belgium)
2006
2007
2008
12.2
9.7
4.7
32.0
25.6
26.5
2.3
2.0
0.9
Netherlands
2006
2007
2008
5.0
4.0
1.7
14.5
12.4
6.7
-1.2
-1.4
-4.3

Flanders (Belgium)
2006
2007
2008
25.8
36.2
24.8
64.3
73.6
53.1
4.6
8.6
6.2
Netherlands
2006
2007
2008
14.8
17.3
12.4
47.0
76.8
29.5
3.3
2.0
3.2

2009
5.5
9.6
0.4

2004
1.9
11.3
-8.7

2009
2.4
6.5
-1.8

2004
2.0
6.8
-2.0

Canada
2006
2007
0.1
3.3
7.8
12.2
-10.7
-4.5
England (UK)
2006
2007
0.1
2.2
5.2
9.3
-7.4
-3.2

Fruit and vegetable farm


Canada
2004
2006
2007
4.1
3.2
4.3
21.1
17.9
26.2
-10.6
-8.6
-7.8
England (UK)
2009
2004
2006
2007
7.6
4.7
9.0
7.6
23.4
30.0
27.1
36.2
-3.1
-13.9
-2.0
-3.8
2009
21.2
53.9
3.3

Estonia
2007

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

69

Dairy farm
year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004
3.7
8.3
-0.3

2006
4.0
9.1
-0.8

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004

2006

Australia
2007
1.2
6.6
-5.4
Italy
2007

Australia
2007
1.2
5.0
-4.4
Italy
2007

2008
5.0
11.2
-0.2

2009
3.3
7.8
-3.4

2004
1.3
5.0
-1.6

2008

2009

2004
-0.4
0.9
-2.0

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004
1.8
6.7
-4.3

2006
2.2
6.5
-2.0

2008
1.6
5.0
-2.6

2009
1.9
4.8
-2.5

2004
-5.4
0.7
-10.5

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004

2006

2008

2009

2004
-1.5
13.8
-5.5

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004

Australia
2006
2007

2008

2009

2004
19.7
52.4
5.9

year
Mean
Top 25 percentile
Bottom 25 percentile

2004

2006

Italy
2007

2008

2009

2004
0.9
16.2
-8.7

Flanders (Belgium)
2006
2007
2008
5.3
13.4
8.9
11.7
24.6
14.9
0.8
6.4
2.9
Netherlands
2006
2007
2008
1.0
4.3
3.8
3.2
8.8
7.3
-1.5
1.1
0.4

Flanders (Belgium)
2006
2007
2008
-1.0
0.2
1.3
7.1
10.0
11.8
-10.5
-11.1
-8.2
Netherlands
2006
2007
2008
-2.5
-3.2
-1.7
12.1
5.5
11.7
-16.2
-24.9
-12.6

Flanders (Belgium)
2006
2007
2008
28.7
14.7
7.2
77.7
47.7
20.9
13.9
-1.7
-5.0
Netherlands
2006
2007
2008
5.1
-0.8
-1.9
24.8
4.2
6.7
-6.2
-15.0
-20.6

2009
7.5
14.9
1.6

2004
-3.6
-0.3
-7.4

2009
0.5
3.4
-3.0

2004
-2.8
-1.6
-5.2

2009
2.0
11.9
-6.9
2009
1.0
19.4
-7.9

2009
19.3
59.8
5.3
2009
4.5
29.8
-7.1

Canada
2006
2007
-5.3
-2.1
-2.4
1.7
-7.4
-5.2
England (UK)
2006
2007
-3.6
2.6
0.6
11.4
-10.5
-3.0

Beef and sheep farm


Canada
2004
2006
2007
-2.0
0.2
-0.4
8.6
10.3
11.6
-18.2
-10.4
-14.5
England (UK)
2004
2006
2007
-0.9
-5.0
-3.8
2.2
-1.6
-1.0
-5.3
-16.6
-14.1
Non-ruminants farm
Canada
2004
2006
2007
3.4
0.3
-2.3
13.4
12.9
11.6
-10.8
-16.2
-29.9
England (UK)
2004
2006
2007
-9.5
2.8
5.5
3.8
38.8
77.3
-12.6
-22.3
-23.3

2008
-1.2
2.7
-5.0

2009
-6.1
-4.2
-8.7

2004
-5.8
10.0
-13.7

2008
5.0
14.8
-0.5

2009
3.0
11.4
-2.6

2004
1.6
16.4
-8.0

Estonia
2006
2007
-8.2
3.1
4.8
13.9
-18.9
-9.9
United States
2006
2007
2.8
2.6
20.6
15.4
-6.1
-10.8

2008
0.0
10.6
-12.5

2009
0.3
13.4
-11.4

2004

2006

2008
-1.7
1.0
-7.5

2009
-2.0
-0.4
-7.3

2004
4.2
42.0
-1.8

United States
2006
2007
2.5
3.6
37.7
51.9
-2.7
-2.6

2008
-8.7
8.3
-69.4

2009
-8.4
7.7
-56.5

2004

2006

2008
-8.3
12.7
-37.4

2009
-3.1
7.9
-7.6

2004
7.1
38.3
-3.9

United States
2006
2007
4.2
7.9
24.9
45.1
-2.6
-3.7

2008
1.7
11.7
-11.1

2009
2.8
16.8
-7.1

2004

2006

2008
0.0
5.2
-3.4

2009
-0.7
5.3
-5.9

2004
17.2
47.0
-3.3

United States
2006
2007
12.6
19.0
37.4
68.7
-4.5
-7.0

Estonia
2007

Estonia
2007

2008
-0.5
13.2
-16.1

2009
-4.7
8.9
-21.9

2008
9.7
35.3
-3.9

2009
-0.8
23.6
-11.6

2008

2009

2008
2.7
44.9
-2.1

2009
1.9
43.3
-2.0

2008

2009

2008
7.5
41.8
-2.7

2009
6.7
30.2
-4.8

2008

2009

2008
10.0
38.9
-12.5

2009
10.5
43.7
-8.4

2004
3.1
8.7
0.2

2006
6.4
14.3
2.0

Germany
2007
11.7
26.1
4.3

2008
8.4
18.4
2.2

2009
8.5
19.8
2.2

2004
2.5
10.1
-0.7

2006
3.5
14.0
-0.9

Germany
2007
4.9
14.9
-1.2

2008
4.6
14.8
-1.4

2009
4.3
12.7
-1.2

2004
8.9
28.5
1.0

2006
9.8
26.6
1.2

Germany
2007
5.2
18.8
-8.0

2008
8.1
26.5
-0.2

2009
9.8
29.3
1.3

2004
3.8
13.5
-0.3

2006
6.1
18.8
0.4

Germany
2007
8.2
21.7
-0.5

2008
7.1
20.3
-0.5

2009
7.0
19.9
0.1

Mixed farm
year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004
3.7
12.1
-3.4

2006
2.4
6.9
-1.8

year
Population
Top 25% high peformers
Bottom 25% low performers

2004

2006

Australia
2007
0.5
5.4
-5.7
Italy
2007

2008
2.4
9.0
-3.4

2009
2.5
7.8
-2.3

2004
4.2
18.6
-4.1

2008

2009

2004
-0.3
4.2
-4.8

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

Flanders (Belgium)
2006
2007
2008
10.6
9.8
8.1
25.1
21.4
21.8
0.0
1.5
-2.1
Netherlands
2006
2007
2008
2.6
3.1
3.6
11.3
11.3
12.3
-4.9
-8.5
-5.4

2009
7.9
18.2
0.0

2004
5.1
25.2
-7.3

2009
3.4
11.0
-1.0

2004
-1.1
2.8
-4.5

Canada
2006
2007
0.5
2.0
15.6
13.2
-10.4
-8.9
England (UK)
2006
2007
-4.0
-1.4
0.7
3.6
-10.8
-7.3

Estonia
2007

70 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM PERFORMANCE


Annex Figure B.1. Comparison of the distributions of farm performance indicators between all farms and individual farms, for selected farm types in Estonia and Germany
Average performance of 2004, 2006-09, output is evaluated by world prices

Top 25% high performers

Bottom 25% low performers

Output-input ratio

Population
Net operating income per full-time equivalent labour
USD thousand

100

1.8

80

1.6
60

1.4
1.2

40

20

0.8
0

0.6
0.4

-20
All farms Individual All farms Individual All farms Individual All farms Individual All farms Individual All farms Individual
farms
farms
farms
farms
farms
farms
All farm types

Field crop farms

Dairy farms

All farm types

Estonia

Field crop farms

Dairy farms

All farms Individual All farms Individual All farms Individual All farms Individual All farms Individual All farms Individual
farms
farms
farms
farms
farms
farms
All farm types

Germany

Field crop farms

Dairy farms

All farm types

Estonia

Net operating income per net worth


USD thousand

Field crop farms

Dairy farms

Germany

Net operating income per hectare of land


Percentage
30

2.5

25
2

20
15

1.5

10
5

-5

0.5

-10
-15

-20
-0.5

All farms

Individual farms

Field crop farms

All farms

Individual farms

Dairy farms
Estonia

All farms

Individual farms

All farms

Field crop farms

Individual farms

Dairy farms
Germany

All farms Individual All farms Individual All farms Individual All farms Individual All farms Individual All farms Individual
farms
farms
farms
farms
farms
farms
All farm types

Field crop farms


Estonia

Dairy farms

All farm types

Field crop farms

Dairy farms

Germany

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

71

Annex Table B.5. Average characteristics of high and low performers, Australia, for selected farm types, by performance indicator, 2004-09
All farm types
Output-input ratio
Average in farm type
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

Net operating income per working unit

Net operating income per UAA

Net operating income per net worth

Average in low performers/average in farm typeAverage in high performers/average in farm typeAverage in low performers/average in farm typeAverage in high performers/average in farm typeAverage in low performers/average in farm typeAverage in high performers/average in farm typeAverage in low performers/average in farm typeAverage in high performers/average in farm type

unit

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
hectare
FTE

292
2 413
237
2 176
5.1
2.3

338
3 192
346
2 846
5.3
2.2

344
3 532
427
3 106
5.4
2.2

359
3 694
409
3 285
5.3
2.1

354
3 654
417
3 237
5.1
2.0

0.69
0.91
1.21
0.88
1.03
0.96

0.75
0.98
1.36
0.93
1.05
0.99

0.38
0.78
0.95
0.76
0.70
0.83

0.69
0.91
1.37
0.85
1.14
0.95

0.61
0.81
1.25
0.75
1.15
0.88

1.10
0.93
0.50
0.97
1.31
0.95

1.06
0.96
0.52
1.02
0.93
0.94

1.17
1.04
0.58
1.10
1.49
0.99

1.16
0.99
0.55
1.05
0.82
0.97

1.14
1.11
0.51
1.19
1.09
0.99

0.64
0.94
1.16
0.91
1.36
0.92

0.69
0.98
1.26
0.94
1.07
0.98

0.80
1.03
1.50
0.96
0.89
0.89

0.64
0.96
1.38
0.91
1.27
0.91

0.66
0.86
1.33
0.80
1.20
0.88

1.95
1.42
1.36
1.42
1.56
1.09

1.82
1.38
1.34
1.38
1.69
1.06

1.88
1.45
1.19
1.49
1.75
1.16

2.03
1.46
1.35
1.47
1.41
1.15

2.14
1.67
1.47
1.70
1.38
1.22

0.62
0.93
1.15
0.90
0.73
0.91

0.73
1.02
1.32
0.99
2.23
1.02

0.64
0.81
1.13
0.76
0.13
0.85

0.59
0.88
1.28
0.83
0.29
0.88

0.61
0.77
1.18
0.71
0.24
0.85

1.38
0.95
0.97
0.95
0.13
1.10

1.28
0.93
0.90
0.94
0.10
1.06

1.38
1.01
0.73
1.05
0.12
1.02

1.57
0.95
0.94
0.95
0.12
1.11

1.61
1.13
1.00
1.15
0.16
1.14

0.63
0.93
1.16
0.90
1.32
0.92

0.67
0.97
1.23
0.94
1.11
0.94

0.72
0.75
1.32
0.67
0.74
0.89

0.61
0.90
1.32
0.85
1.23
0.90

0.62
0.78
1.27
0.71
1.15
0.86

1.71
0.98
1.19
0.95
1.28
1.17

1.57
0.93
1.17
0.90
1.41
1.08

1.76
1.07
1.05
1.07
1.77
1.17

1.93
1.00
1.24
0.97
1.02
1.20

1.91
1.10
1.26
1.08
1.27
1.20

1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
%
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD

2.3
2.3

4.8
4.8

5.6
5.6

11.6
11.6

7
7

0.81
0.81

0.88
0.88

0.67
0.67

1.11
1.11

1.08
1.08

0.89
0.89

0.78
0.78

0.69
0.69

0.63
0.63

0.66 112.03
0.66 112.03

59.78
59.78

70.79
70.79

27.27
27.27

44.38 149.60
44.38 149.60

78.78
78.78

76.57
76.57

38.15
38.15

70.70
70.70

0.82
0.82

0.94
0.94

0.82
0.82

0.88
0.88

1.11
1.11

0.87
0.87

0.77
0.77

0.62
0.62

1.31
1.31

0.74
0.74

0.86
0.86

0.84
0.84

1.02
1.02

0.90
0.90

1.10
1.10

0.93
0.93

1.12
1.12

1.05
1.05

1.33
1.33

1.21
1.21

2.3

4.8

5.6

11.6

0.8

0.9

0.7

1.1

1.1

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.7

112.0

59.8

70.8

27.3

44.4

149.6

78.8

76.6

38.2

70.7

0.8

0.9

0.8

0.9

1.1

0.9

0.8

0.6

1.3

0.7

0.9

0.8

1.0

0.9

1.1

0.9

1.1

1.0

1.3

1.2

0.77
294
229
65
27
38

1.41
342
268
74
33
41

1.61
350
315
35
33
2

3.13
371
289
82
34
48

1.85
360
281
79
34
45

0.72
0.69
1.15
-0.95
0.89
-2.27

1.14 0.99
0.75 0.39
1.15 0.74
-0.66 -2.83
1.02 0.78
-2.01 -60.27

0.85
0.70
1.13
-0.81
0.98
-2.07

0.70
0.62
0.99
-0.71
0.85
-1.87

0.82
1.09
0.68
2.57
0.99
3.69

0.73
1.06
0.68
2.43
0.96
3.62

0.59
1.16
0.72
5.12
1.09
69.28

0.55
1.14
0.71
2.68
0.97
3.88

0.58
1.13
0.72
2.61
1.01
3.82

0.75
1.50
1.11
2.88
0.86
4.31

0.39 0.37
1.52 1.93
1.08 1.27
3.12 7.93
0.97 1.09
4.85 116.89

0.18
1.47
1.10
2.80
1.03
4.05

0.30
1.47
1.05
2.93
0.86
4.48

0.48
3.09
1.48
8.79
1.61
13.90

0.27 0.25
2.90 3.08
1.42 1.37
8.26 18.57
1.43 1.51
13.74 290.33

0.12
3.17
1.53
8.92
1.54
14.08

0.21
3.41
1.68
9.58
1.71
15.49

1.31
0.62
1.08
-1.01
0.82
-2.31

1.28 1.27
0.74 0.65
1.12 1.00
-0.63 -2.53
1.04 0.78
-1.97 -55.28

1.46
0.60
1.01
-0.85
0.94
-2.11

1.81
0.61
0.96
-0.63
0.77
-1.68

0.63
1.38
1.09
2.41
1.11
3.34

0.60
1.27
1.06
2.05
0.96
2.92

0.45
1.37
1.07
4.10
0.96
54.11

0.84
1.56
1.23
2.73
1.02
3.92

0.47
1.59
1.30
2.63
1.17
3.72

1.37
0.63
1.10
-1.02
0.85
-2.35

1.24 1.41
0.67 0.72
1.05 1.13
-0.67 -2.98
0.95 0.94
-1.97 -65.46

1.47
0.62
1.05
-0.92
1.00
-2.26

1.75
0.63
1.00
-0.69
0.82
-1.82

0.55
1.70
1.27
3.22
1.39
4.53

0.72
1.56
1.21
2.85
1.27
4.11

0.60
1.75
1.30
5.86
1.38
77.22

0.69
1.92
1.48
3.44
1.36
4.90

0.64
1.89
1.50
3.31
1.50
4.67

1000 AUD
1000 AUD
%

13
50
25.0

30
72
42.5

35
37
94.5

30
78
38.2

33
79
42.5

1.27
-1.38
-0.92

1.29
-0.61
-2.11

1.38
-0.75
-1.83

1.35
-0.50
-2.69

0.53
2.90
0.18

0.78
2.41
0.32

0.60
4.39
0.14

0.77
2.69
0.29

0.83
2.55
0.33

1.28
3.56
0.36

1.26
3.33
0.38

1.45
3.05
0.47

1.38
3.17
0.44

0.64
10.59
0.06

0.86
9.03
0.09

0.87
9.28
0.09

1.27
-1.42
-0.89

1.27
-0.60
-2.13

1.48
-0.74
-2.01

1.42
-0.36
-3.90

0.77
2.70
0.29

0.86
2.05
0.42

0.68
3.63
0.19

0.84
2.74
0.31

0.79
2.48
0.32

1.28
-1.44
-0.89

1.21
-0.62
-1.96

1.46
-0.84
-1.73

1.33
-0.48
-2.77

0.65
3.56
0.18

0.80
2.71
0.30

0.69
4.91
0.14

0.85
3.35
0.25

0.82
3.03
0.27

%
1000 AUD

38

32

20

42

57

1.0

2.5

0.3

0.8

1.1

0.4

-0.2

-0.2

0.3

0.3

1.1

2.6

1.6

1.1

1.1

1.6

0.7

3.7

1.9

2.0

1.0

2.5

1.5

0.9

1.3

0.8

1.0

0.7

1.4

1.8

1.0

2.5

-1.3

0.8

1.1

0.9

0.3

2.5

1.4

1.5

years

55

55
1.9

54
2.0

56
2.0

57
2.0

1.01

1.02
0.88

1.03
0.93

1.02
0.94

1.03
0.95

1.01

0.99
1.03

0.99
1.00

1.00
1.06

1.00
1.07

1.01

1.02
0.88

1.03
0.93

1.02
0.94

1.03
0.95

1.01

0.99
1.03

0.99
1.00

1.00
1.06

1.00
1.07

1.01

1.02
0.88

1.03
0.93

1.02
0.94

1.03
0.95

1.01

0.99
1.03

0.99
1.00

1.00
1.06

1.00
1.07

1.01

1.02
0.88

1.03
0.93

1.02
0.94

1.03
0.95

1.01

0.99
1.03

0.99
1.00

1.00
1.06

1.00
1.07

1.52
-1.89
-0.81

1.50
7.87
0.19

0.78
8.24
0.09

0.65
16.64
0.04

1.59
-1.55
-1.03

1.39
-2.30
-0.60

%
%

Field crop farm


Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm typeAverage in high performers/average in farm typeAverage in low performers/average in farm typeAverage in high performers/average in farm typeAverage in low performers/average in farm typeAverage in high performers/average in farm typeAverage in low performers/average in farm typeAverage in high performers/average in farm type

Average in farm type


Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

Unit

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
hectare
FTE

446
2 830
333
2 498
1.8
2.7

556
3 597
588
3 008
2.4
2.5

473
3 953
697
3 256
2.6
2.5

594
4 256
735
3 522
2.4
2.4

685
4 676
820
3 857
2.3
2.4

0.93
1.4
1.98
1.4
1.15
1.4

0.67
0.9
1.07
0.8
1.10
0.9

0.19
0.4
0.59
0.4
0.83
0.5

0.59
1.0
1.42
0.9
1.23
1.0

0.75
1.1
1.70
1.0
1.15
1.2

0.98
0.8
0.48
0.8
0.90
0.8

1.52
1.2
0.82
1.3
0.99
1.4

1.35
1.0
0.58
1.1
1.00
1.0

1.23
0.9
0.60
0.9
0.67
0.9

0.82
0.7
0.41
0.7
0.65
0.7

0.84
1.5
1.94
1.4
1.04
1.4

0.65
0.8
1.04
0.8
1.06
0.9

0.42
0.7
1.05
0.6
0.96
0.6

0.59
0.9
1.36
0.9
1.10
0.9

0.66
1.0
1.51
0.9
1.03
1.1

0.82
0.6
0.57
0.7
0.57
0.5

1.11
0.9
0.92
0.9
0.84
0.7

1.19
0.9
0.50
1.0
0.87
0.7

1.33
0.9
0.77
0.9
0.76
0.8

1.25
1.0
0.84
1.0
0.95
0.7

1.06
1.8
2.07
1.8
2.13
1.5

0.71
0.9
1.14
0.9
1.15
0.9

0.32
0.6
0.76
0.6
0.33
0.7

0.57
0.9
1.35
0.8
0.85
0.9

0.69
1.1
1.56
1.0
1.16
1.1

0.95
0.9
0.56
0.9
0.38
1.0

1.60
1.4
1.22
1.4
0.65
1.4

1.36
1.2
0.62
1.3
0.54
1.0

1.49
1.1
0.79
1.1
0.59
1.0

1.05
0.9
0.62
0.9
0.49
0.7

0.85
1.8
1.76
1.8
1.36
1.4

0.64
0.8
1.03
0.8
1.06
0.9

0.25
0.4
0.75
0.4
0.62
0.5

0.58
0.9
1.31
0.9
1.15
0.9

0.64
1.0
1.47
0.9
1.00
1.0

0.73
0.4
0.49
0.4
0.55
0.6

0.93
0.6
0.70
0.6
0.66
0.7

1.16
0.7
0.74
0.7
0.88
0.8

1.07
0.6
0.67
0.6
0.64
0.7

1.00
0.7
0.76
0.7
0.76
0.7

1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
%
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD

2.2
2.2

4.8
4.8

6.5
6.5

13.0
13.0

9 431
9 431

0.8
0.84

0.8
0.75

0.5
0.54

1.2
1.19

1.4
1.38

0.5
0.48

0.7
0.74

0.7
0.71

0.7
0.69

0.5
0.45

0.8
0.84

0.7
0.73

0.7
0.73

1.2
1.21

1.2
1.19

0.4
0.36

0.7
0.71

0.5
0.50

0.6
0.60

0.5
0.52

1.4
1.40

0.8
0.81

0.3
0.29

1.2
1.15

1.3
1.28

0.3
0.31

0.9
0.94

1.0
0.97

0.8
0.84

0.5
0.54

0.8
0.83

0.7
0.73

0.8
0.76

1.1
1.14

1.1
1.12

0.3
0.29

0.5
0.55

0.6
0.59

0.6
0.63

0.6
0.65

2.2

4.8

6.5

13.0

0.8

0.8

0.5

1.2

1.4

0.5

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.8

0.9

0.5

0.5
448
315
133
46
86

0.8
560
437
123
63
60

1.4
480
411
69
63
6

2.1
607
460
147
65
82

1.36
694
498
197
71
125

0.91
0.92
1.6
-0.77
1.3
-1.87

1.13 2.73
0.67 0.20
1.0
0.5
-0.62 -1.49
0.9
0.6
-2.23 -22.62

1.96
0.61
1.1
-1.03
1.1
-2.68

1.81
0.76
1.3
-0.57
1.2
-1.55

0.49
0.98
0.7
1.72
0.8
2.2

1000 AUD
1000 AUD
%

8
94
8.5

27
87
30.9

31
38
83.6

30
112
27.0

29
154
18.7

3.52
-1.4
-0.89

1.21
-1.2
-1.55

1.16
-1.6
-0.17

1.30
-1.0
-1.47

0.5
2.1
0.4

%
1000 AUD

81

90

76

105

198

1.3

1.8

0.7

0.3

1.5

0.8

1.1

1.1

0.8

0.5

1.5

1.7

years

51

52
2.0

52
2.1

55
2.0

55
2.0

1.08

1.02
0.93

1.00
0.96

1.01
1.07

1.11
0.65

1.1

1.02
0.93

1.00
0.96

1.01
1.07

1.11
0.65

1.08

1.02
0.93

1.08
-2.8
-0.26

%
%

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

0.7

0.7

0.5

0.8

0.7

1.2

1.2

0.4

0.49 0.53
1.51 1.34
1.0
0.9
3.19 4.13
1.4
1.1
5.11 34.90

0.56
1.22
0.8
2.61
0.9
3.94

0.55
0.82
0.5
1.52
0.7
1.98

1.00
0.84
1.5
-0.81
1.2
-1.89

1.13 1.73
0.65 0.43
1.0
0.8
-0.60 -1.72
0.9
0.8
-2.15 -26.90

2.00
0.60
1.1
-0.93
9.9
-9.55

1.80
0.66
1.1
-0.53
1.0
-1.4

0.44
0.82
0.6
1.24
0.7
1.5

0.83
3.8
0.29

0.80
3.1
0.27

0.83
1.8
0.28

3.61
-1.4
-1.07

1.17
-1.1
-1.55

1.11
-6.7
-0.05

1.2
-0.9
-1.4

0.3
1.4
0.6

0.8

0.4

1.3

0.9

1.0

0.7

1.1

1.0

1.4

1.00
0.96

1.01
1.07

1.1
0.65

1.1

1.02
0.93

1.00
0.96

1.01
1.07

1.11
0.65

1.08

0.75
6.4
0.18

1.14
-3.5
-0.22

0.5

0.6

0.5

1.4

0.3

1.2

1.3

0.3

1.0

0.8

0.5

0.8

0.7

0.8

1.1

1.1

0.3

0.6

0.6

0.6

0.64 0.43
1.11 1.18
0.9
0.8
1.92 3.32
1.0
0.9
2.92 28.03

0.46
1.31
1.0
2.32
0.9
3.41

0.42
1.24
1.0
1.73
0.9
2.18

1.32
1.06
1.8
-0.63
1.6
-1.81

1.13 0.92
0.72 0.32
1.1
0.6
-0.66 -1.45
1.0
0.6
-2.37 -21.97

1.99
0.58
1.1
-0.97
0.9
-2.5

1.83
0.70
1.2
-0.54
1.1
-1.46

0.33
0.95
0.7
1.49
0.8
1.84

0.59 0.72
1.59 1.35
1.2
1.0
3.05 3.57
1.4
1.0
4.81 29.30

0.57
1.48
1.0
2.92
1.0
4.43

0.52
1.04
0.8
1.54
0.8
1.96

0.98
0.85
1.5
-0.76
1.3
-1.87

1.13
0.64
1.0
-0.60
0.9
-2.14

3.01
0.25
0.5
-1.49
0.6
-22.8

1.93
0.59
1.1
-0.95
1.0
-2.49

1.72
0.65
1.1
-0.53
1.0
-1.41

0.40
0.73
0.6
1.11
0.5
1.42

0.59 0.52
0.93 1.15
0.7
0.8
1.73 3.19
0.7
0.9
2.76 26.17

0.60
1.06
0.8
2.00
0.8
2.99

0.65
1.00
0.8
1.48
0.8
1.89

0.55
2.2
0.46

0.63
2.7
0.41

0.75
1.9
0.50

4.08
-1.3
-1.06

1.28
-1.2
-1.55

1.20
-2.6
-0.35

1.1
-1.5
-0.3

1.30
-0.9
-1.43

0.45
1.7
0.30

1.10
3.7
0.36

0.90
3.5
0.29

0.70
1.7
0.58

3.56
-1.4
-0.95

1.16
-1.1
-1.55

1.1
-2.8
-0.2

1.12
-1.5
-0.24

1.23
-0.9
-1.48

0.27
1.3
0.47

0.56
2.1
0.24

0.65
2.4
0.38

0.59
1.6
0.31

1.9

0.9

0.4

1.4

0.5

1.3

2.5

1.0

1.0

1.3

1.7

0.5

0.4

1.4

0.6

0.5

1.0

0.9

0.5

1.02
0.93

1.00
0.96

1.0
1.07

1.11
0.65

1.08

1.02
0.93

1.00
0.96

1.01
1.07

1.11
0.65

1.08

1.02
0.93

1.0
0.96

1.01
1.07

1.11
0.65

1.08

1.02
0.93

1.00
0.96

1.01
1.07

1.11
0.65

0.58
5.1
0.13

0.77
5.5
0.45

0.63
4.8
0.21

72 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


Dairy farm
Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm typeAverage in high performers/average in farm typeAverage in low performers/average in farm typeAverage in high performers/average in farm typeAverage in low performers/average in farm typeAverage in high performers/average in farm typeAverage in low performers/average in farm typeAverage in high performers/average in farm type

Average in farm type


Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

Unit

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
hectare
FTE

322
2 042
314
1 728
0.2
2.9

417
2 802
443
2 359
0.2
2.8

394
3 197
472
2 725
0.2
2.7

625
3 538
558
2 980
0.2
2.8

613
3 705
652
3 053
0.3
3.0

2.09
2.2
0.77
2.5
2.36
2.2

1.08
1.2
0.67
1.3
1.27
1.0

1.73
1.7
1.32
1.8
1.63
1.6

2.98
3.5
1.89
3.8
3.82
3.5

1.02
1.2
0.58
1.3
1.25
1.0

1.57
1.6
2.17
1.5
1.64
1.6

1.30
1.4
1.98
1.3
1.37
1.4

0.95
1.2
1.31
1.2
1.17
1.2

1.74
1.7
2.42
1.6
1.50
1.5

1.50
1.5
2.03
1.3
1.55
1.5

2.01
2.4
3.53
2.2
2.54
2.5

1.20
1.5
1.84
1.4
1.42
1.6

1.05
1.1
1.48
1.0
1.08
1.1

2.03
2.5
2.96
2.4
2.12
2.8

0.84
0.8
1.12
0.7
0.79
0.8

1.98
1.8
1.59
1.9
1.70
1.4

1.18
1.0
0.85
1.0
1.01
0.8

1.49
1.5
1.20
1.6
1.22
1.1

0.98
0.9
0.74
0.9
0.88
0.7

1.03
1.1
0.77
1.1
1.06
0.8

2.16
2.6
3.44
2.4
2.93
2.3

1.27
1.6
1.98
1.6
1.91
1.6

0.68
0.7
0.93
0.7
0.66
0.7

2.30
2.7
3.30
2.6
3.47
2.7

0.73
0.7
0.95
0.6
0.66
0.7

0.35
0.3
0.21
0.3
0.22
0.3

0.37
0.3
0.24
0.3
0.21
0.3

0.61
0.5
0.48
0.5
0.36
0.5

0.34
0.3
0.23
0.3
0.20
0.3

0.46
0.4
0.32
0.5
0.32
0.4

2.29
2.9
3.17
2.9
2.73
2.5

1.33
1.8
1.95
1.8
1.62
1.8

0.98
1.0
1.40
0.9
0.99
1.0

2.09
2.8
3.00
2.7
2.21
2.5

0.85
0.8
1.14
0.7
0.80
0.8

0.87
0.7
0.62
0.7
0.68
0.7

0.94
0.7
0.79
0.6
0.69
0.6

1.06
0.7
0.89
0.6
0.80
0.8

0.59
0.4
0.47
0.4
0.47
0.5

0.69
0.6
0.53
0.6
0.59
0.6

1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
%
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD

4
4

5
5

6
6

26
26

8
8

2.9
2.90

2.0
1.97

0.6
0.57

5.5
5.53

1.7
1.70

0.7
0.74

0.9
0.86

1.0
0.96

0.7
0.73

0.8
0.83

1.8
1.76

1.8
1.77

0.8
0.79

2.9
2.85

1.6
1.64

1.6
1.62

0.8
0.82

1.0
0.98

0.6
0.55

0.3
0.26

2.8
2.83

2.2
2.19

0.5
0.50

3.4
3.45

1.4
1.38

0.3
0.28

0.2
0.18

0.5
0.49

0.2
0.24

0.1
0.09

2.7
2.69

1.8
1.85

0.9
0.86

2.9
2.86

1.7
1.69

0.7
0.74

0.9
0.89

0.8
0.83

0.5
0.52

0.4
0.41

26

2.9

2.0

0.6

5.5

1.7

0.7

0.9

1.0

0.7

0.8

1.8

1.8

0.8

2.9

1.6

1.6

0.8

1.0

0.6

0.3

2.8

2.2

0.5

3.4

1.4

0.3

0.2

0.5

0.2

0.1

2.7

1.8

0.9

2.9

1.7

0.7

0.9

0.8

0.5

0.4

1.13
325
257
68
24
44

1.09
421
323
99
30
69

1.40
400
362
38
24
15

3.93
650
477
173
27
146

1.32
621
513
108
32
76

1.38
2.10
3.8
-4.21
3.3
-8.44

1.81
1.09
1.6
-0.74
1.4
-1.67

0.33
1.71
1.9
0.33
1.5
-1.61

1.80
3.08
5.7
-4.05
4.4
-5.62

1.65
1.03
1.3
-0.05
1.0
-0.48

0.48
1.56
0.7
4.64
1.1
6.7

0.67
1.29
0.8
2.98
1.2
3.76

1.01
0.95
0.9
1.32
1.4
1.24

0.43
1.70
0.8
4.23
1.1
4.80

0.55
1.49
1.2
3.08
1.8
3.62

0.88
2.01
2.6
-0.22
2.4
-1.71

1.47 0.76
1.21 1.05
1.7
1.5
-0.34 -3.66
1.6
1.2
-1.15 -11.54

1.38
2.06
2.7
0.32
2.4
-0.06

1.93
0.85
1.1
-0.54
0.9
-1.1

0.82
1.98
1.6
3.26
1.8
4.1

0.69
1.18
1.0
1.86
1.1
2.18

0.66
1.49
1.2
4.56
1.5
9.56

0.57
0.97
0.8
1.35
0.9
1.43

0.25
1.02
0.8
1.92
1.0
2.29

1.31
2.17
2.7
0.00
2.6
-1.47

1.70
1.28
1.8
-0.28
1.7
-1.11

0.74
0.68
1.0
-2.31
0.8
-7.28

1.47
2.35
3.0
0.67
2.7
0.3

1.87
0.74
1.0
-0.46
0.8
-0.97

0.82
0.35
0.3
0.59
0.3
0.74

0.48
0.37
0.3
0.59
0.4
0.69

0.80
0.61
0.5
1.87
0.6
3.94

0.70
0.34
0.3
0.48
0.3
0.51

0.21
0.45
0.4
0.85
0.4
1.02

1.17
2.30
2.9
-0.04
2.9
-1.67

1.39
1.33
1.8
-0.24
1.7
-1.08

0.88
0.98
1.4
-3.34
1.1
-10.5

1.35
2.12
2.8
0.35
2.5
-0.05

1.96
0.86
1.2
-0.55
0.9
-1.15

0.85
0.87
0.7
1.45
0.7
1.88

0.95
0.94
0.8
1.42
0.8
1.67

0.78
1.06
0.8
3.13
1.0
6.56

0.88
0.58
0.5
0.82
0.5
0.88

0.60
0.69
0.6
1.28
0.7
1.53

1000 AUD
1000 AUD
%

16
60
27.1

22
91
23.8

21
35
58.7

19
165
11.7

20
96
21.2

3.31
-5.3
-0.63

3.49
-0.4
-7.89

6.59
3.2
2.06

10.78
-3.7
-2.91

4.43
0.6
7.91

0.7
5.0
0.1

2.36
3.4
0.69

1.68
1.5
1.12

2.92
4.6
0.64

5.95
4.1
1.45

2.10
-0.7
-3.09

1.53
-0.5
-3.01

2.40
0.2
10.50

1.0
-0.7
-1.5

1.2
3.3
0.4

0.76
1.8
0.42

0.85
4.4
0.19

0.67
1.3
0.50

0.66
1.9
0.34

2.00
-0.5
-3.77

1.62
-0.5
-3.54

0.87
-2.5
-0.35

2.8
0.6
4.8

0.86
-0.6
-1.49

0.23
0.6
0.38

0.37
0.6
0.60

0.46
1.9
0.24

0.31
0.5
0.64

0.32
0.9
0.36

2.18
-0.6
-3.49

1.98
-0.4
-5.67

1.2
-3.6
-0.3

2.78
0.3
9.90

1.04
-0.7
-1.50

0.66
1.5
0.43

0.68
1.4
0.48

0.58
3.0
0.19

0.52
0.8
0.62

0.52
1.3
0.40

%
1000 AUD

18

47

52

69

162

0.4

1.7

1.1

5.9

1.3

0.8

0.5

3.4

0.5

1.0

4.4

18.7

1.0

2.8

1.1

3.4

0.8

3.2

1.0

0.9

-0.2

2.2

0.7

2.5

1.0

0.5

0.2

1.3

0.3

0.4

-0.5

2.2

0.9

2.5

1.1

1.4

0.6

0.2

0.4

0.5

years

52

53
3.8

53
3.7

52
3.8

53
3.8

1.06

1.02
0.99

1.04
0.98

1.10
0.98

1.06
0.99

1.1

1.02
0.99

1.04
0.98

1.10
0.98

1.06
0.99

1.06

1.02
0.99

1.04
0.98

1.10
0.98

1.1
0.99

1.1
0.00

1.02
0.99

1.04
0.98

1.10
0.98

1.06
0.99

1.06
0.00

1.02
0.99

1.04
0.98

1.1
0.98

1.06
0.99

1.06
0.00

1.02
0.99

1.04
0.98

1.10
0.98

1.06
0.99

1.06
0.00

1.02
0.99

1.0
0.98

1.10
0.98

1.06
0.99

1.06
0.00

1.02
0.99

1.04
0.98

1.10
0.98

1.06
0.99

1.38
-4.0
-0.35

%
%

Beef and sheep farm


Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm typeAverage in high performers/average in farm typeAverage in low performers/average in farm typeAverage in high performers/average in farm typeAverage in low performers/average in farm typeAverage in high performers/average in farm typeAverage in low performers/average in farm typeAverage in high performers/average in farm type

Average in farm type


Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

Unit

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
hectare
FTE

222
2 391
174
2 217
9.3
2.1

279
3 425
274
3 151
9.7
2.1

323
3 729
339
3 390
9.6
2.0

245
3 872
300
3 573
9.5
1.9

254
3 769
308
3 461
9.4
1.8

0.51
0.9
1.33
0.9
1.11
1.1

0.58
0.8
1.25
0.8
0.94
0.8

0.31
0.8
1.02
0.7
0.62
0.8

0.53
0.8
1.25
0.8
1.11
0.9

0.52
0.8
1.14
0.7
1.11
0.9

0.88
0.7
0.44
0.8
1.07
0.7

0.98
0.9
0.40
0.9
0.81
0.9

0.94
1.0
0.45
1.0
1.38
0.9

1.03
0.9
0.42
0.9
0.64
0.8

1.07
1.0
0.37
1.1
0.91
0.9

0.62
0.7
1.01
0.7
0.88
1.1

0.58
0.9
1.29
0.8
0.83
3.9

1.03
1.2
1.79
1.2
0.97
1.0

0.58
0.8
1.32
0.8
1.08
0.8

0.59
0.8
1.39
0.8
1.14
0.8

3.14
2.46
2.13
2.49
2.67
1.80

2.18
1.67
1.37
1.70
2.12
1.25

1.99
1.56
1.28
1.59
1.85
1.26

2.91
2.23
1.79
0.91
2.24
1.63

2.61
2.07
1.74
2.10
1.81
1.50

0.48
0.6
0.72
0.6
0.11
0.7

0.55
0.8
1.23
0.8
0.49
0.8

0.69
0.8
1.21
0.8
0.08
0.8

0.44
0.7
1.05
0.6
0.11
0.7

0.48
0.7
1.07
0.7
0.16
0.8

2.56
1.9
1.52
1.9
0.15
1.9

1.66
1.3
0.81
1.3
0.09
1.3

1.54
1.0
0.68
1.1
0.08
1.1

2.27
1.7
0.95
1.8
0.15
1.9

1.90
1.4
0.85
1.5
0.12
1.4

0.57
0.7
0.95
0.6
0.88
0.7

0.55
0.8
1.22
0.8
0.84
0.8

0.82
0.7
1.36
0.7
0.72
1.0

0.53
0.7
1.21
0.7
1.03
0.8

0.52
0.7
1.22
0.6
1.03
0.8

3.92
2.4
2.57
2.4
3.50
2.6

2.24
1.3
1.31
1.3
2.15
1.5

2.18
1.3
1.19
1.3
2.17
1.5

3.77
2.2
1.97
2.2
3.42
2.6

3.02
1.8
1.52
1.9
2.32
2.0

1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
%
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD

2
2

5
5

4
4

7
7

5
5

1.4
1.37

0.7
0.67

0.6
0.61

0.8
0.81

0.8
0.84

0.7
0.72

0.7
0.69

0.6
0.64

0.5
0.53

0.8
0.77

1.0
0.97

0.7
0.68

1.6
1.59

0.8
0.84

1.0
0.97

1.30
1.30

1.54
1.54

1.21
1.21

1.71
1.71

1.51
1.51

0.5
0.52

0.6
0.65

1.0
0.97

0.7
0.67

0.9
0.91

0.9
0.94

0.9
0.89

0.3
0.35

1.6
1.59

1.2
1.20

0.9
0.86

0.6
0.65

1.2
1.24

0.7
0.71

1.0
0.97

2.5
2.51

2.0
2.04

1.4
1.43

2.8
2.75

2.3
2.26

1.4

0.7

0.7

0.7

1.0

1.30

1.54

1.21

0.6

0.9

0.9

0.9

1.0

2.5

2.0

1.4

0.84
0
182
42
19
11

1.75
0
211
73
24
37

1.37
0
283
44
24
7

2.93
0
188
64
23
24

1.99
0
190
69
23
34

2.66
0.51
0.8
-0.53
1.2
-4.3

1000 AUD
1000 AUD
%

13
24
54.9

33
70
47.1

40
46
85.6

33
57
57.9

36
70
51.8

0.6
-1.6
-0.2

%
1000 AUD

30

17

-13

17

-4

-0.3

-1.5

6.0

-1.9

8.8

0.7

4.2

2.4

1.4

1.0

0.8

4.0

0.1

years

57

57
3.8

56
4.1

58
4.0

58
4.0

1.0

1.02
1.05

1.05
1.02

1.03
1.04

1.03
1.07

0.96

1.02
1.05

1.05
1.02

1.03
1.04

1.03
1.07

0.96

1.02
1.05

1.05
1.02

0.6

0.8

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.8

1.0

1.6

0.8

1.14 1.93
0.59 0.32
0.5
0.6
0.80 -1.42
0.8
0.9
0.50 -16.68

1.50
0.54
0.7
0.12
0.9
-1.22

1.61
0.52
0.7
0.04
1.1
-0.98

0.82
0.88
1.0
0.57
0.7
-0.49

0.71 0.68
0.98 0.94
1.1
0.6
0.76 2.80
1.0
0.7
0.54 14.12

0.52
1.02
0.8
1.61
0.8
2.93

0.72
1.07
0.9
1.54
0.8
2.42

1.58
0.62
1.1
-1.40
0.7
-8.26

1.16 1.53
0.59 1.04
1.0
1.6
-0.65 -2.64
1.0
1.3
-2.25 -21.82

1.42
0.59
1.1
-0.95
0.9
-3.97

1.61 0.42
0.60 3.13
1.1 2.36
-0.77 6.42
0.9 2.44
-2.3 21.93

0.66
0.6
1.72

0.66
-0.1
-6.26

0.69
-0.1
-8.83

1.01
0.3
2.71

1.22
0.9
1.52

1.27
2.0
0.63

1.40
1.9
0.64

1.13
-3.1
-0.30

1.16
-0.6
-2.16

1.48
-0.8
-1.46

0.46
-2.0
-0.31

1.58
3.4
0.44

1.74
-1.7
-0.72

1.71

1.51

0.5

1.0

0.7

0.71 0.61 0.60


2.17 1.98 2.87
1.67 1.50 2.29
3.61 5.06 4.60
1.53 1.49 2.11
5.79 23.84 10.13

0.58
2.59
2.11
3.90
1.99
6.16

1.09
0.48
0.9
-1.12
0.6
-7.15

1.17 1.40
0.55 0.69
1.0
1.1
-0.62 -1.71
0.9
0.8
-2.43 -16.17

1.50
0.45
0.9
-0.75
0.8
-3.3

1.6 0.88
-0.3 10.37
-3.8 0.05

0.95
3.51
0.28

0.59
3.94
0.20

1.20
4.96
0.16

1.06
3.52
0.29

1.15
-2.6
-0.35

1.12
-0.8
-2.00

2.5

2.0

2.58

-2.53

-2.77

-1.30

2.90

1.0

3.8

-0.5

2.2

-1.3

0.2

-0.1

7.9

-0.8

8.0

1.03
1.04

1.0
1.07

0.96

1.02
1.05

1.05
1.02

1.03
1.04

1.03
1.07

0.96

1.02
1.05

1.05
1.02

1.0
1.04

1.03
1.07

0.96

1.02
1.05

1.05
1.02

1.03
1.04

1.03
1.07

1.99
-0.6
-2.83

1.84 0.37
0.49 2.55
0.9
2.0
-0.61 4.92
0.8
2.0
-1.99 16.61

1.6 1.61
-0.5
-0.1
-2.4 -10.33

2.11
8.6
0.08

0.3

1.6

1.2

0.9

0.6

1.2

0.7

2.8

2.3

0.54 0.23
1.64 1.52
1.4
1.3
2.31 3.13
1.2
1.0
3.27 11.24

0.71
2.25
1.8
3.68
1.8
7.61

0.64
1.88
1.6
2.78
1.4
4.00

1.50
0.57
1.0
-1.39
0.7
-8.21

1.17
0.55
1.0
-0.62
0.9
-2.28

1.50
0.83
1.3
-2.13
0.9
-18.4

1.32
0.53
1.0
-0.94
0.9
-3.89

1.83 0.64
0.53 3.91
1.0
2.9
-0.70 8.44
0.8
3.1
-2.18 30.64

0.91 0.66 0.74


2.24 2.17 3.74
1.7
1.7
2.8
3.66 5.26 6.39
1.6
1.6
2.8
6.07 27.41 15.48

0.75
3.00
2.4
4.63
2.1
8.03

1.19
2.3
0.72

1.77
4.2
0.25

1.40
2.7
0.39

1.07
-3.1
-0.29

1.10
-0.7
-2.00

1.6
-1.3
-1.0

1.49
-0.8
-1.51

1.42
-0.3
-3.81

1.04
3.7
0.27

1.68
7.5
0.08

1.17
4.5
0.22

0.7

3.8

8.0

1.8

0.9

2.9

-6.0

-1.3

-4.7

10.7

0.96

1.02
1.05

1.0
1.02

1.03
1.04

1.03
1.07

0.96

1.02
1.05

1.05
1.02

1.03
1.04

1.03
1.07

0.77
2.3
0.47

%
%

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

1.44
14.6
0.04

0.77
4.6
0.15

CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

73

Mixed farm
Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm typeAverage in high performers/average in farm typeAverage in low performers/average in farm typeAverage in high performers/average in farm typeAverage in low performers/average in farm typeAverage in high performers/average in farm typeAverage in low performers/average in farm typeAverage in high performers/average in farm type

Average in farm type


Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

Unit

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

2004

2006

2007

2008

2009

1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
hectare
FTE

340
2 527
280
2 247
1.9
2.3

317
2 913
329
2 584
1.7
2.1

304
3 338
454
2 884
1.8
2.2

368
3 612
424
3 188
2.0
2.2

309
3 299
379
2 920
1.6
1.9

0.47
0.8
0.90
0.8
0.84
0.8

0.96
1.2
1.55
1.2
1.32
1.2

0.51
1.0
1.27
1.0
1.08
1.1

0.46
0.8
1.02
0.8
0.98
0.8

0.44
0.8
1.00
0.7
0.72
0.9

1.05
0.9
0.46
0.9
0.86
0.9

1.04
1.0
0.61
1.0
0.83
1.0

1.03
0.9
0.41
0.9
0.80
0.9

1.15
1.0
0.45
1.0
0.72
0.9

1.22
1.2
0.49
1.3
1.00
1.0

0.60
1.0
1.13
0.9
1.08
0.9

0.72
1.0
1.28
1.0
0.97
1.1

0.56
0.8
1.14
0.7
0.72
0.7

0.55
0.9
1.17
0.8
0.98
0.8

0.47
0.8
1.03
0.7
0.70
0.8

1.40
1.1
0.90
1.1
0.90
0.8

1.74
1.4
1.50
1.3
1.34
1.0

2.11
1.5
1.05
1.5
1.50
1.2

1.64
1.2
1.05
1.2
0.94
0.9

2.29
1.8
1.56
1.8
1.66
1.2

0.58
0.9
1.08
0.9
0.92
0.9

0.93
1.3
1.52
1.2
1.97
1.2

0.61
0.9
1.26
0.9
0.61
0.9

0.48
0.8
1.07
0.7
0.67
0.8

0.45
0.7
0.97
0.7
0.66
0.8

1.16
0.8
0.76
0.8
0.49
0.9

1.55
1.3
1.05
1.3
0.60
1.3

2.04
1.6
1.01
1.7
1.07
1.5

1.79
1.3
1.06
1.3
0.67
1.1

2.13
1.7
1.43
1.7
0.96
1.4

0.58
0.9
1.09
0.9
0.99
0.9

0.80
1.1
1.35
1.1
1.14
1.1

0.50
0.7
1.15
0.6
0.75
0.7

0.52
0.8
1.11
0.7
0.95
0.8

0.46
0.7
0.98
0.7
0.70
0.8

1.10
0.6
0.79
0.6
0.68
0.7

1.54
1.1
1.31
1.0
1.03
1.1

1.60
1.0
0.76
1.0
1.17
1.1

1.33
0.8
0.83
0.7
0.78
0.8

1.84
1.0
1.22
1.0
1.18
1.0

1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
%
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD

2
2

5
5

8
8

12
12

8
8

0.7
0.67

1.1
1.09

0.7
0.68

0.3
0.31

0.5
0.46

0.5
0.52

0.9
0.88

0.8
0.78

1.0
1.00

1.0
1.03

0.6
0.59

1.0
0.96

0.8
0.80

1.0
1.04

1.1
1.06

1.1
1.13

1.5
1.51

1.4
1.43

0.7
0.68

1.1
1.11

0.4
0.41

1.1
1.07

0.8
0.80

1.0
0.96

1.1
1.09

0.9
0.86

1.6
1.60

1.3
1.33

0.8
0.83

0.9
0.94

0.5
0.49

1.0
1.03

0.9
0.88

1.0
1.01

1.1
1.07

0.6
0.65

1.6
1.57

1.4
1.37

0.6
0.57

0.9
0.91

12

0.67

1.09

0.68

0.31

0.46

0.52

0.88

0.78

1.00

1.03

0.59

0.96

0.80

1.04

1.06

1.13

1.51

1.43

0.68

1.11

0.41

1.07

0.80

0.96

1.09

0.86

1.60

1.33

0.83

0.94

0.49

1.03

0.88

1.01

1.07

0.65

1.57

1.37

0.57

0.91

0.70
343
258
85
32
85

1.44
322
256
66
36
66

2.56
312
290
21
38
21

3.19
380
291
89
40
89

2.37
317
236
80
35
80

1.4
0.47
0.5
0.41
0.8

1.1
0.97
0.8
1.51
1.1

1.3
0.51
0.8
-3.32
1.3

0.7
0.45
0.7
-0.22
0.9

1.0
0.44
0.8
-0.55
1.0

0.5
1.05
1.0
1.07
0.9

0.8
1.04
1.2
0.49
1.0

0.8
1.02
0.8
4.52
0.8

0.9
1.15
0.9
2.04
0.8

0.8
1.21
0.8
2.56
0.7

1.0
0.60
1.1
-0.81
0.9

1.3
0.73
1.1
-0.71
1.0

1.4
0.57
0.9
-4.28
0.8

1.8
0.56
1.0
-0.77
0.9

2.2
0.49
0.8
-0.47
0.7

0.8
1.40
1.1
2.45
1.2

0.9
1.74
1.4
3.11
1.4

0.7
2.09
1.5
9.61
1.7

0.4
1.60
1.2
2.95
1.3

0.5
2.26
1.8
3.56
1.7

0.7
0.58
1.0
-0.82
0.9

1.1
0.93
1.3
-0.63
1.2

1.3
0.61
1.0
-4.99
0.9

1.9
0.50
0.9
-0.72
0.7

2.4
0.46
0.8
-0.48
0.7

0.7
1.16
0.8
2.20
0.9

1.0
1.56
1.2
2.95
1.3

0.7
2.02
1.4
10.38
1.7

0.5
1.76
1.3
3.35
1.3

0.4
2.10
1.6
3.49
1.6

0.9
0.57
1.0
-0.81
0.9

1.3
0.80
1.2
-0.68
1.1

1.7
0.51
0.9
-4.21
0.8

1.9
0.53
0.9
-0.74
0.8

2.2
0.47
0.8
-0.46
0.7

0.6
1.10
0.8
1.98
0.9

1.0
1.54
1.2
2.89
1.2

0.9
1.59
1.1
8.09
1.3

0.4
1.30
0.9
2.45
1.0

0.5
1.81
1.4
2.92
1.4

1000 AUD
1000 AUD
1000 AUD

13
98
13.5

33
99
33.1

36
58
63.1

28
117
24.2

36
117
31.1

0.3

0.99

0.62

0.83

1.03

0.91

1.30

1.48

1.25

1.20

0.92

1.38

1.19

1.19

1.2

0.5

0.99

0.78

0.78

1.02

0.91

1.52

1.77

1.1

1.27

0.70

1.64

1.06

1.07

1.05

0.91

1.37

1.3

1.17

1.20

0.52

0.99

0.67

0.63

0.97

%
1000 AUD

33

17

40

36

51

0.3

-1.6

0.9

1.4

0.9

1.9

2.3

0.8

0.2

0.8

2.1

2.7

1.0

0.5

0.9

0.2

3.9

2.2

2.8

2.2

2.0

1.5

1.6

0.8

0.8

0.3

3.0

1.5

2.8

2.0

1.9

2.4

0.9

-0.2

0.8

-0.3

2.2

0.9

1.8

1.4

years

54

56
3.9

53
4.0

56
3.9

58
4.0

1.1

0.97
0.99

1.03
1.03

1.03
0.97

0.98
0.97

1.08

0.97
0.99

1.03
1.03

1.03
0.97

0.98
0.97

1.08

0.97
0.99

1.03
1.03

1.03
0.97

1.0
0.97

1.1

0.97
0.99

1.03
1.03

1.03
0.97

0.98
0.97

1.08

0.97
0.99

1.03
1.03

1.0
0.97

0.98
0.97

1.08

0.97
0.99

1.03
1.03

1.03
0.97

0.98
0.97

1.08

0.97
0.99

1.0
1.03

1.03
0.97

0.98
0.97

1.08

0.97
0.99

1.03
1.03

1.03
0.97

0.98
0.97

%
%

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

74 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


Annex Table B.6. Average characteristics of high and low performers, Flanders (Belgium), for selected farm types, by performance indicator, 2004-09
All farm type
Output-input ratio
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
hectare
FTE
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
%
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR

2004
190 455
411 858
121 442
290 416
28.8
2.0

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008
210 179
470 311
129 454
340 857
29.9
2.0

234 100
527 961
140 818
387 143
31.8
2.1

241 561
556 687
145 416
411 271
32.3
2.3

2009

Net operating income per working unit

Net operating income per UAA

Net operating income per net worth

Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009

231 909
585 782
172 941
412 841
33.2
2.3

1.03
0.99
1.32
0.85
0.91
1.05

0.97
0.87
1.18
0.75
0.79
1.00

1.02
0.84
1.09
0.75
0.83
0.86

0.98
0.87
1.09
0.79
0.91
0.90

0.84
0.83
0.98
0.77
0.98
0.93

0.77
0.92
0.62
1.04
0.94
0.98

0.91
1.11
0.85
1.22
1.04
1.05

0.90
0.97
0.69
1.07
0.93
1.13

0.84
1.04
0.78
1.13
0.91
1.08

0.81
0.96
0.63
1.10
0.88
1.08

0.60
0.79
0.87
0.76
0.83
1.06

0.58
0.70
0.90
0.62
0.75
1.01

0.61
0.63
0.75
0.59
0.69
0.89

0.56
0.67
0.67
0.67
0.87
0.98

0.54
0.69
0.68
0.69
0.92
1.00

1.71
1.38
1.32
1.40
1.20
0.88

1.70
1.50
1.43
1.53
1.26
0.92

1.53
1.51
1.43
1.53
1.39
0.96

1.58
1.46
1.42
1.47
1.20
0.92

1.64
1.46
1.53
1.44
1.14
0.85

0.67
1.07
0.87
1.16
1.13
0.96

0.52
0.96
0.76
1.03
1.06
0.82

0.67
0.99
0.74
1.08
1.03
0.77

0.58
0.89
0.71
0.95
1.07
0.78

0.54
0.82
0.75
0.85
1.02
0.79

1.41
0.79
1.29
0.58
0.63
1.03

1.47
0.83
1.35
0.63
0.61
1.22

1.34
0.84
1.31
0.67
0.67
1.43

1.46
0.87
1.38
0.69
0.58
1.35

1.52
0.96
1.45
0.75
0.60
1.37

0.67
1.07
0.86
1.17
1.13
0.96

0.52
0.96
0.75
1.04
1.07
0.82

0.67
0.99
0.74
1.08
1.03
0.77

0.58
0.89
0.71
0.95
1.07
0.78

0.53
0.83
0.74
0.86
1.03
0.78

1.41
0.79
1.28
0.58
0.62
1.03

1.45
0.81
1.34
0.61
0.61
1.20

1.34
0.84
1.31
0.67
0.67
1.43

1.46
0.87
1.38
0.69
0.58
1.35

1.53
0.96
1.46
0.75
0.59
1.37

46 077 38 418 38 075 40 151 34 390


11 032 15 320 17 928 20 670 19 722
8 794 12 275 13 577 13 898 14 035
1802
2649
3815
4992
5304
435
396
536
1780
383
35046 23098 20147 19482 14668
22.9
17.0
15.1
15.3
13.7
201 487 225 499 252 028 262 231 251 631
135 266 143 410 162 814 182 400 173 624
66 221 82 089 89 214 79 831 78 006
23 071 23 123 26 535 28 744 31 370
43 150 58 966 62 679 51 086 46 637

1.10
1.20
1.25
1.07
0.68
1.07
1.05
1.04
1.34
0.44
1.03
0.12

1.02
0.89
0.87
0.84
1.81
1.10
1.05
0.96
1.26
0.45
1.03
0.22

1.00
0.95
0.95
0.98
0.91
1.04
0.98
1.02
1.35
0.41
0.94
0.18

1.17
0.97
1.06
0.69
1.04
1.39
1.19
0.98
1.25
0.37
0.88
0.09

1.12
1.01
1.00
0.98
1.88
1.25
1.31
0.85
1.07
0.37
0.87
0.03

0.74
0.75
0.74
0.94
0.05
0.74
0.97
0.77
0.53
1.26
0.85
1.49

0.92
0.98
0.96
1.12
0.59
0.88
1.00
0.92
0.65
1.38
0.98
1.54

0.71
0.83
0.83
0.82
0.88
0.60
0.79
0.89
0.58
1.46
0.95
1.68

0.65
0.85
0.88
0.84
0.72
0.44
0.78
0.84
0.57
1.45
1.02
1.69

0.72
0.80
0.85
0.69
0.62
0.61
0.89
0.81
0.58
1.33
0.94
1.59

0.64
1.07
1.16
0.82
0.28
0.50
1.03
0.62
0.80
0.26
0.78
-0.01

0.72
0.83
0.84
0.68
1.71
0.64
1.19
0.60
0.77
0.30
0.78
0.11

0.73
0.75
0.77
0.63
0.95
0.71
1.18
0.62
0.83
0.24
0.68
0.06

0.78
0.89
0.97
0.64
0.99
0.66
1.33
0.58
0.71
0.29
0.67
0.07

0.80
0.92
0.95
0.79
1.79
0.63
1.39
0.57
0.70
0.29
0.72
-0.01

1.59
1.02
1.01
1.05
1.15
1.76
0.95
1.67
1.54
1.93
1.39
2.22

1.44
1.29
1.28
1.32
1.18
1.54
0.86
1.67
1.56
1.86
1.33
2.07

1.47
1.35
1.39
1.32
0.49
1.57
0.97
1.51
1.35
1.81
1.35
2.00

1.36
1.20
1.15
1.48
0.83
1.52
0.87
1.55
1.44
1.82
1.36
2.07

1.35
1.20
1.19
1.26
0.91
1.54
0.84
1.61
1.52
1.80
1.36
2.09

0.92
1.39
1.50
1.01
0.70
0.78
1.29
0.71
0.85
0.45
0.83
0.24

0.96
1.10
1.18
0.68
1.57
0.86
1.71
0.56
0.64
0.42
0.78
0.28

0.98
1.05
1.16
0.69
0.78
0.91
1.40
0.70
0.86
0.41
0.78
0.25

1.01
1.13
1.26
0.74
1.18
0.87
1.61
0.63
0.74
0.38
0.72
0.19

0.85
0.99
1.06
0.74
1.67
0.67
1.48
0.58
0.69
0.33
0.67
0.09

0.90
0.54
0.45
0.88
0.86
1.02
0.67
1.36
1.31
1.46
1.08
1.67

0.70
0.59
0.46
1.19
0.76
0.76
0.49
1.41
1.38
1.46
1.20
1.56

0.75
0.63
0.49
1.08
1.08
0.85
0.58
1.29
1.17
1.50
1.28
1.59

0.91
0.63
0.38
1.32
0.63
1.22
0.66
1.39
1.34
1.52
1.27
1.66

0.86
0.69
0.46
1.26
1.26
1.09
0.59
1.45
1.39
1.60
1.37
1.75

0.92
1.39
1.51
1.01
0.70
0.77
1.29
0.71
0.84
0.44
0.83
0.24

0.97
1.11
1.19
0.68
1.58
0.87
1.72
0.56
0.64
0.42
0.78
0.27

0.98
1.05
1.16
0.69
0.78
0.91
1.40
0.70
0.86
0.41
0.78
0.25

1.01
1.13
1.26
0.74
1.18
0.87
1.61
0.63
0.74
0.38
0.72
0.19

0.86
1.00
1.07
0.74
1.66
0.67
1.51
0.57
0.68
0.32
0.67
0.08

0.90
0.53
0.45
0.83
0.86
1.02
0.66
1.36
1.31
1.47
1.08
1.67

0.69
0.59
0.46
1.18
0.77
0.76
0.50
1.40
1.37
1.44
1.18
1.55

0.75
0.63
0.49
1.08
1.08
0.85
0.58
1.29
1.17
1.50
1.28
1.59

0.91
0.63
0.38
1.32
0.63
1.22
0.66
1.39
1.34
1.52
1.27
1.66

0.86
0.69
0.45
1.27
1.27
1.10
0.59
1.47
1.40
1.61
1.37
1.76

66 221

82 089

89 214

79 831

78 006

0.44

0.45

0.41

0.37

0.37

1.26

1.38

1.46

1.45

1.33

0.26

0.30

0.24

0.29

0.29

1.93

1.86

1.81

1.82

1.80

0.45

0.42

0.41

0.38

0.33

1.46

1.46

1.50

1.52

1.60

0.44

0.42

0.41

0.38

0.32

1.47

1.44

1.50

1.52

1.61

EUR

-1 362

13 626

15 685

13 998

25 748

3.98

1.03

0.47

1.09

0.58

-4.59

1.08

0.57

1.33

0.27

2.66

1.18

-0.06

0.37

0.30

-0.67

2.02

2.75

2.04

1.84

0.53

0.82

0.88

0.58

0.36

-0.05

0.43

0.86

0.93

1.32

0.38

0.81

0.88

0.58

0.35

0.15

0.43

0.86

0.93

1.33

years
%

46

46
11.0

46
12.0

46
13.0

47
14.0

0.95

0.97
1.18

0.98
1.08

0.97
1.31

1.00
1.29

1.04

1.03
0.91

1.01
1.17

1.03
1.00

1.03
1.21

1.00

1.00
0.64

1.02
0.58

1.02
1.00

1.02
1.07

0.98

0.97
1.45

0.99
1.25

0.98
1.15

0.97
1.29

1.02

1.00
1.09

1.00
0.92

1.01
1.08

1.01
1.00

0.96

0.98
1.00

0.97
0.92

1.00
1.08

0.97
0.92

1.03

1.05
1.00

1.04
0.92

1.03
1.08

1.02
1.00

0.94

0.94
1.00

0.93
1.17

0.93
1.08

0.95
1.07

Field crop farm


Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
hectare
FTE

108 846 126 960 139 798 139 249 142 185
356 152 374 399 412 900 437 920 501 024
62 351 81 703 83 672 95 836 126 201
293 801 292 696 329 227 342 085 374 823
47.5
48.1
51.3
50.4
49.8
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.6

0.71
0.67
1.37
0.52
0.74
1.08

0.91
0.75
0.81
0.73
0.92
1.00

1.09
0.83
1.20
0.74
0.94
1.07

1.27
0.87
0.73
0.90
1.00
0.97

1.10
0.84
1.01
0.78
1.07
1.02

0.96
1.26
0.22
1.48
1.02
0.97

0.96
1.22
0.83
1.33
0.87
0.86

1.06
1.28
0.95
1.37
1.01
0.99

0.83
1.14
0.66
1.28
0.85
0.97

0.95
1.11
0.63
1.27
0.84
1.04

0.63
0.90
1.18
0.85
0.53
1.27

0.47
0.52
0.56
0.50
0.74
0.97

0.65
0.73
0.77
0.72
0.74
1.19

0.50
0.71
0.40
0.80
0.93
0.88

0.45
0.55
0.61
0.53
0.76
0.88

1.97
1.76
1.25
1.87
1.56
1.06

2.15
1.86
2.09
1.80
1.41
1.23

2.14
1.94
2.14
1.89
1.64
1.16

1.66
1.70
2.11
1.58
1.58
1.18

1.88
1.50
1.04
1.65
1.32
1.15

0.64
0.73
1.19
0.63
0.81
1.08

0.51
0.58
0.70
0.54
0.83
0.95

0.54
0.60
0.74
0.57
0.90
0.88

0.48
0.69
0.42
0.77
0.95
0.84

0.60
0.66
0.86
0.59
0.90
0.90

1.63
1.50
0.74
1.67
1.15
1.14

1.83
1.58
1.91
1.49
0.91
1.38

1.76
1.48
1.58
1.46
1.09
1.35

1.25
1.23
1.42
1.18
0.87
1.20

1.76
1.35
0.83
1.52
0.89
1.33

0.63
1.08
1.00
1.10
0.65
1.16

0.55
1.05
0.64
1.16
0.91
0.94

0.53
1.04
0.76
1.12
0.77
0.92

0.51
1.09
0.45
1.27
0.87
0.86

0.49
0.75
0.60
0.80
0.86
0.87

1.25
0.57
1.02
0.48
0.92
0.99

1.23
0.87
1.68
0.65
1.05
1.00

1.70
0.96
1.82
0.74
1.12
1.27

1.19
0.71
1.51
0.49
1.02
1.08

1.81
0.97
1.21
0.89
1.09
1.28

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
%
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR

37 545 35 404 42 862 49 365 40 294


11 996 20 439 23 744 30 281 24 037
8 184 14 936 16 280 17 726 17 237
1940
5013
5885
5625
6338
1871
489
1578
6931
462
25550 14965 19119 19083 16256
31.1
24.0
26.2
29.1
24.2
120 841 147 399 163 541 169 530 166 223
73 106 76 188 88 697 104 041 105 139
47 735 71 211 74 845 65 489 61 084
13 905 15 249 18 578 20 296 22 537
33 830 55 962 56 266 45 193 38 547

0.70
0.73
0.93
0.36
0.25
0.69
0.99
0.71
1.05
0.19
1.12
-0.20

1.07
0.89
0.98
0.69
0.00
1.33
1.19
0.90
1.24
0.54
0.97
0.43

1.19
0.85
0.90
0.74
0.70
1.63
1.13
1.05
1.39
0.65
0.92
0.56

1.54
1.13
1.12
1.24
1.06
2.20
1.24
1.24
1.59
0.69
1.05
0.53

1.31
1.08
1.06
1.05
2.61
1.64
1.19
1.10
1.36
0.64
0.97
0.45

0.80
0.49
0.65
0.26
0.00
0.94
0.87
0.91
0.66
1.31
0.53
1.63

0.81
0.67
0.68
0.62
0.95
1.00
0.88
0.92
0.65
1.21
0.79
1.32

0.87
1.10
1.05
1.32
0.82
0.58
0.82
1.06
0.75
1.44
1.03
1.57

0.65
0.77
0.82
0.24
1.06
0.47
0.79
0.82
0.60
1.18
0.76
1.37

0.57
0.64
0.76
0.33
0.37
0.46
0.63
0.91
0.70
1.27
1.02
1.42

0.61
0.58
0.69
0.63
0.07
0.62
0.97
0.63
0.95
0.13
0.96
-0.21

0.61
0.70
0.76
0.58
0.00
0.49
1.22
0.50
0.65
0.33
0.53
0.28

0.56
0.58
0.60
0.53
0.60
0.54
0.88
0.64
0.82
0.41
0.76
0.30

0.85
1.10
1.03
1.30
1.14
0.44
1.40
0.61
0.60
0.62
0.65
0.60

0.55
0.80
0.76
0.85
1.42
0.20
1.12
0.50
0.58
0.35
0.58
0.21

1.73
1.08
1.29
1.23
0.02
2.04
0.92
1.88
1.74
2.10
1.69
2.26

1.87
1.60
1.46
1.81
3.80
2.23
0.90
2.07
1.95
2.20
1.84
2.30

1.89
1.66
1.67
1.78
1.04
2.18
0.91
2.07
2.01
2.14
2.00
2.18

1.23
1.38
1.46
1.32
1.20
1.01
0.77
1.61
1.45
1.86
1.76
1.91

1.74
1.16
1.22
1.02
0.88
2.59
0.98
1.77
1.74
1.84
1.53
2.02

0.68
0.82
1.02
0.50
0.29
0.61
1.03
0.66
0.96
0.19
1.05
-0.16

0.68
0.77
0.88
0.52
0.00
0.55
1.24
0.55
0.72
0.37
0.68
0.28

0.78
0.92
0.95
0.85
0.94
0.62
1.31
0.60
0.71
0.47
0.63
0.41

0.90
1.18
1.06
1.46
1.27
0.44
1.47
0.61
0.59
0.64
0.63
0.65

0.66
0.90
0.91
0.80
1.88
0.30
1.02
0.64
0.78
0.41
0.78
0.19

1.34
0.58
0.71
0.56
0.01
1.70
0.88
1.53
1.39
1.73
1.15
1.96

1.28
0.87
0.93
0.70
1.15
1.83
0.75
1.70
1.64
1.75
1.64
1.79

1.51
1.24
1.18
1.40
1.22
1.86
0.90
1.69
1.62
1.77
1.58
1.84

0.73
0.74
0.69
0.64
0.94
0.73
0.63
1.16
1.04
1.35
1.24
1.39

1.60
0.82
0.84
0.80
0.52
2.75
0.99
1.62
1.60
1.66
1.42
1.80

0.70
0.84
0.96
1.07
0.07
0.64
1.09
0.65
0.92
0.23
0.83
-0.02

0.83
0.94
1.02
0.81
0.00
0.67
1.37
0.61
0.69
0.52
0.68
0.48

0.64
0.73
0.72
0.73
0.90
0.53
1.16
0.56
0.63
0.47
0.64
0.41

0.80
1.05
0.94
1.17
1.22
0.41
1.32
0.61
0.57
0.66
0.59
0.70

0.62
0.90
0.86
0.98
1.42
0.21
1.13
0.55
0.62
0.43
0.59
0.34

1.38
1.32
0.93
0.72
3.68
1.41
1.10
1.26
1.18
1.37
1.29
1.40

1.00
1.12
1.16
1.09
0.02
0.84
0.82
1.22
1.09
1.35
1.15
1.41

1.42
1.19
1.14
1.55
0.39
1.70
0.87
1.63
1.62
1.64
1.55
1.67

0.79
0.79
0.83
0.94
0.57
0.79
0.71
1.12
1.02
1.28
1.07
1.37

1.63
0.91
0.92
0.90
0.52
2.69
0.97
1.68
1.73
1.59
1.47
1.67

EUR
EUR
EUR

47 735

71 211

74 845

65 489

61 084

0.19

0.54

0.65

0.69

0.64

1.31

1.21

1.44

1.18

1.27

0.13

0.33

0.41

0.62

0.35

2.10

2.20

2.14

1.86

1.84

0.19

0.37

0.47

0.64

0.41

1.73

1.75

1.77

1.35

1.66

0.23

0.52

0.47

0.66

0.43

1.37

1.35

1.64

1.28

1.59

EUR

942

16 785

-727

5 902

50 625

27.25

0.22

-21.08

2.14

0.12

6.76

-0.01

-15.04

0.68

0.02

18.51

-0.26

-12.05

1.60

-0.01

-12.65

1.43

-35.11

1.80

0.04

27.83

-0.24

-7.37

1.48

0.03

-5.30

1.06

-22.63

0.88

0.09

19.34

0.83

0.02

2.39

-0.04

-24.62

1.24

-26.76

1.95

0.23

years
%

49

49
15.0

48
16.0

48
19.0

48
24.0

0.93

1.01
1.40

1.00
0.63

1.05
0.53

0.93
0.63

1.11

1.08
0.13

1.02
1.31

1.05
1.16

1.06
1.67

0.93

1.07
0.67

1.00
0.63

1.08
0.00

0.93
0.63

1.07

1.04
1.00

1.01
2.63

0.98
2.37

1.01
2.08

0.97

1.05
0.67

1.02
0.13

1.09
0.00

0.94
0.63

1.00

0.96
0.87

0.97
1.50

0.96
1.37

1.05
1.17

0.97

1.05
0.67

1.10

1.09

0.97
1.00

0.93

0.95
0.33

0.88
1.31

0.79
1.47

0.91
1.63

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

75

Fruit and vegetable farm


Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007 2008

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
hectare
FTE

196 254
427 302
116 833
310 469
14.5
3.4

238 954
467 918
117 383
350 535
14.3
3.8

306 988
511 022
122 493
388 529
15.4
4.2

247 840
511 173
130 898
380 275
15.8
4.2

239 071
547 724
158 599
389 125
16.0
4.6

0.78
0.92
1.17
0.82
0.99
0.90

0.82
0.82
0.96
0.77
0.77
1.01

0.69
0.84
1.17
0.74
0.95
0.90

0.89
0.99
1.05
0.96
1.30
1.15

0.72
0.85
0.76
0.88
1.10
1.01

0.81
0.82
0.69
0.87
0.61
0.68

0.73
0.71
0.43
0.80
0.57
0.67

0.88
0.79
0.55
0.87
0.66
0.75

0.77
0.78
0.52
0.87
0.60
0.62

0.77
0.73
0.77
0.71
0.49
0.61

0.55
0.80
0.97
0.74
0.87
0.87

0.75
0.82
0.92
0.79
0.76
1.03

0.51
0.70
0.93
0.63
0.75
0.76

0.67
0.83
0.91
0.81
1.07
1.13

0.53
0.71
0.59
0.76
0.99
0.86

1.31
1.04
1.22
0.97
0.89
0.83

1.13
1.09
0.93
1.14
0.83
0.82

1.33
1.12
0.81
1.22
1.03
0.96

1.14
1.01
0.88
1.05
0.77
0.70

1.10
0.87
0.92
0.85
0.64
0.68

0.61
0.90
1.03
0.85
1.15
0.86

0.76
0.89
0.75
0.94
1.34
0.87

0.56
0.74
0.74
0.73
1.14
0.73

0.62
0.78
0.78
0.77
1.31
1.04

0.61
0.77
0.69
0.80
1.26
0.84

1.07
0.68
1.19
0.49
0.67
0.89

0.99
0.63
0.98
0.51
0.70
0.90

1.22
0.76
0.92
0.71
0.92
1.02

1.14
0.78
1.08
0.67
0.69
0.89

1.06
0.66
0.88
0.57
0.47
0.81

0.62
1.07
1.09
1.07
0.84
0.87

0.60
0.85
0.69
0.90
0.75
0.78

0.39
0.71
0.72
0.70
0.67
0.56

0.72
1.01
0.89
1.05
1.21
1.08

0.61
0.88
0.74
0.93
1.10
0.84

1.07
0.68
1.19
0.49
0.67
0.89

0.99
0.63
0.98
0.51
0.70
0.90

1.22
0.76
0.92
0.71
0.92
1.02

1.14
0.78
1.08
0.67
0.69
0.89

1.06
0.66
0.88
0.57
0.47
0.81

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
%
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR

11 829
3 685
619.35
3011
54
8144
5.9
199 939
116 750
83 188
28 422
54 766

9 757
3 102
758.89
2153
190
6655
4.0
242 056
141 766
100 289
32 687
67 602

12 066
4 183
1012.03
2790
380
7883
3.9
311 171
158 517
152 654
37 497
115 157

14 033
6 408
1266.68
4495
646
7625
5.5
254 247
145 828
108 419
37 623
70 796

12 300
6 920
1717.16
4823
380
5379
5.0
245 992
151 134
94 857
40 340
54 518

1.60
0.99
1.62
0.85
1.53
1.88
2.04
0.78
1.16
0.26
0.87
-0.06

1.11
0.79
0.68
0.67
2.60
1.26
1.36
0.82
1.19
0.30
0.79
0.07

0.95
1.17
1.94
0.85
1.44
0.83
1.37
0.69
1.04
0.33
0.79
0.18

1.56
1.34
2.58
0.75
3.00
1.74
1.73
0.90
1.27
0.41
0.96
0.12

0.89
0.98
1.97
0.60
1.36
0.78
1.22
0.73
1.02
0.27
0.79
-0.11

0.47
0.48
0.54
0.48
0.00
0.46
0.58
0.81
0.51
1.22
0.69
1.50

0.60
0.62
0.20
0.79
0.28
0.60
0.83
0.73
0.41
1.17
0.71
1.39

0.70
0.46
0.15
0.57
0.50
0.82
0.80
0.87
0.56
1.19
0.77
1.33

0.65
0.74
0.28
0.95
0.19
0.58
0.85
0.77
0.46
1.19
0.76
1.41

0.82
0.85
0.09
1.07
1.39
0.79
1.07
0.77
0.48
1.23
0.75
1.58

0.51
0.85
1.44
0.73
0.48
0.36
0.91
0.56
0.84
0.17
0.77
-0.15

0.68
0.76
0.68
0.66
2.17
0.64
0.90
0.75
1.07
0.30
0.84
0.03

0.73
0.88
1.72
0.50
1.42
0.65
1.43
0.51
0.78
0.23
0.62
0.10

0.78
1.01
1.64
0.68
2.03
0.60
1.15
0.68
0.98
0.29
0.81
0.01

0.70
0.78
1.87
0.39
0.83
0.59
1.31
0.54
0.77
0.17
0.60
-0.15

1.66
0.74
0.61
0.79
0.00
2.07
1.27
1.30
1.05
1.66
1.14
1.93

0.92
0.95
0.47
1.20
0.02
0.91
0.82
1.13
0.80
1.60
1.13
1.83

1.02
0.66
0.48
0.78
0.24
1.22
0.78
1.32
0.98
1.66
1.13
1.83

1.31
0.79
0.57
0.94
0.26
1.74
1.16
1.13
0.87
1.48
1.02
1.72

1.17
1.24
0.40
1.54
1.31
1.07
1.05
1.11
0.81
1.57
0.89
2.08

0.68
1.10
2.26
0.86
1.53
0.49
1.10
0.62
0.90
0.24
0.83
-0.06

1.30
1.22
3.03
0.51
2.05
1.34
1.70
0.77
1.03
0.39
0.80
0.20

0.94
1.25
2.63
0.70
1.61
0.78
1.65
0.57
0.82
0.31
0.65
0.21

0.95
1.34
2.96
0.69
2.66
0.61
1.48
0.64
0.90
0.29
0.74
0.05

0.95
1.16
2.63
0.67
0.77
0.67
1.51
0.63
0.86
0.26
0.72
-0.09

0.59
0.59
0.76
0.57
0.00
0.59
0.55
1.06
0.84
1.37
0.82
1.66

0.82
0.85
0.33
1.05
0.68
0.80
0.83
0.99
0.82
1.23
0.76
1.45

1.04
0.87
0.70
1.04
0.09
1.12
0.85
1.22
1.03
1.41
0.83
1.60

0.80
0.79
0.49
0.93
0.36
0.80
0.70
1.13
0.96
1.36
0.83
1.64

0.75
0.55
0.16
0.69
0.47
1.01
0.72
1.05
0.86
1.35
0.71
1.82

0.62
1.13
0.90
1.19
0.48
0.39
0.99
0.63
0.88
0.26
0.99
-0.11

0.97
0.70
0.64
0.55
2.60
1.09
1.61
0.60
0.86
0.24
0.75
-0.01

0.66
0.92
1.58
0.78
0.24
0.53
1.65
0.40
0.59
0.21
0.60
0.08

0.89
1.19
1.99
0.89
1.76
0.64
1.23
0.73
1.01
0.34
0.95
0.02

0.80
0.91
1.75
0.61
0.99
0.66
1.30
0.62
0.86
0.23
0.79
-0.19

0.59
0.59
0.76
0.57
0.00
0.59
0.55
1.06
0.84
1.37
0.82
1.66

0.82
0.85
0.33
1.05
0.68
0.80
0.83
0.99
0.82
1.23
0.76
1.45

1.04
0.87
0.70
1.04
0.09
1.12
0.85
1.22
1.03
1.41
0.83
1.60

0.80
0.79
0.49
0.93
0.36
0.80
0.70
1.13
0.96
1.36
0.83
1.64

0.75
0.55
0.16
0.69
0.47
1.01
0.72
1.05
0.86
1.35
0.71
1.82

83 188 100 289 152 654 108 419 94 857

0.26

0.30

0.33

0.41

0.27

1.22

1.17

1.19

1.19

1.23

0.17

0.30

0.23

0.29

0.17

1.66

1.60

1.66

1.48

1.57

0.24

0.39

0.31

0.29

0.26

1.37

1.23

1.41

1.36

1.35

0.26

0.24

0.21

0.34

0.23

1.37

1.23

1.41

1.36

1.35

EUR

11 173

5 125

-0.79

-0.35

0.48

0.24

-0.06

1.20

-0.34

2.90

-0.24

0.73

-0.52

-0.21

-1.22

0.82

-0.12

2.70

-0.49

7.24

-0.01

0.68

-0.83

1.68

0.79

0.06

-0.09

2.44

-0.45

2.61

1.10

0.49

0.23

-0.27

1.71

1.22

0.03

2.44

-0.45

2.61

1.10

0.49

years
%

43

46
20.0

1.01

1.06
1.10

1.07
0.74

1.03
0.90

1.08
1.09

0.95

0.96
1.30

0.98
1.58

0.96
1.35

1.00
1.59

1.01

1.07
1.00

1.08
0.74

1.04
0.55

1.07
0.86

0.96
0.00

0.98
1.50

0.98
1.21

0.97
1.65

0.98
1.05

1.01

1.09
1.30

1.06
0.58

1.06
0.45

1.07
0.91

0.90

0.89
0.95

0.92
0.95

0.93
0.75

0.97
0.77

0.97

1.09
1.20

1.10
1.16

1.04
0.45

1.07
0.91

0.90

0.89
0.95

0.92
0.95

0.93
0.75

0.97
0.77

EUR
EUR
EUR
%

2 493 19 033 27 767


46
19.0

46
20.0

47
22.0

Dairy farm
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
hectare
FTE
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
%
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007 2008

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009

393 916 539 610 606 375 656 700 608 384
103 741 123 096 136 439 148 962 152 637
290 175 416 514 469 936 507 738 455 746
35
37
38
39
40
1.6
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.7
56 358
11 911
10 086
1746.44
78
44447
0.40
40.1
80 567
59 902
21 444
38 457

49 786 37 356 34 283 33 335


20 476 22 033 23 545 23 328
17 850 18 654 19 065 19 234
2500.49 3258.36 3824.25 4043.39
125
121
656
51
29310 15323 10739 10006
0.32
0.19
0.17
0.19
31.8
18.8
17.5
19.1
84 742 98 307 116 362 106 640
71 669 100 231 79 602 67 697
18 055 22 301 24 800 25 776
53 614 77 930 54 802 41 921

EUR
EUR
EUR
%

-2 328 22 355

47

46
7.0

0.95
0.87
1.16
0.79
1.02
0.95

0.89
0.88
1.14
0.81
0.92
0.97

1.03
1.01
1.38
0.90
0.97
0.97

0.93
0.88
1.13
0.79
0.89
0.95

1.10
1.16
0.84
1.27
1.07
1.04

1.15
1.24
1.00
1.32
1.08
1.07

1.13
1.16
0.75
1.28
1.17
1.04

1.14
1.20
0.72
1.34
1.20
1.02

1.04
1.10
0.75
1.21
1.02
0.99

0.63
0.72
0.72
0.72
0.78
1.05

0.57
0.60
0.48
0.64
0.79
0.97

0.53
0.55
0.41
0.59
0.75
1.00

0.55
0.60
0.71
0.57
0.77
0.99

0.56
0.72
0.81
0.69
0.76
0.98

1.54
1.45
1.40
1.47
1.22
0.97

1.51
1.57
1.45
1.61
1.19
1.00

1.46
1.47
1.44
1.47
1.24
0.98

1.52
1.49
1.22
1.57
1.25
0.95

1.50
1.32
1.16
1.37
1.25
0.98

0.72
0.73
0.84
0.69
1.02
0.98

0.71
0.75
0.84
0.72
1.06
0.92

0.61
0.69
0.80
0.66
0.97
0.90

0.64
0.80
0.94
0.76
0.95
0.94

0.69
0.79
0.94
0.75
0.93
0.94

1.33
1.24
1.16
1.27
0.89
1.02

1.49
1.34
1.37
1.33
1.01
1.12

1.40
1.31
1.29
1.32
1.04
1.09

1.37
1.34
1.23
1.37
0.99
1.02

1.34
1.10
1.07
1.11
0.91
1.01

0.69
1.02
0.63
1.16
0.84
1.01

0.67
0.94
0.59
1.04
0.91
0.93

0.69
1.04
0.60
1.16
0.93
0.98

0.63
0.87
0.65
0.93
0.87
0.95

0.67
0.94
0.97
0.93
0.89
0.91

1.12
0.73
1.23
0.55
0.92
0.97

1.04
0.78
1.21
0.66
0.94
1.03

1.16
0.80
1.32
0.64
0.97
1.07

1.20
0.84
0.97
0.80
1.08
1.06

1.39
0.92
1.35
0.78
1.04
1.07

1.02
1.07
1.05
1.10
3.11
1.00
1.07
0.95
1.20
0.61
0.92
0.43

1.03
0.96
0.95
0.98
2.13
1.08
1.08
0.95
1.23
0.63
0.90
0.54

1.04
0.87
0.85
0.93
1.33
1.30
1.17
0.89
1.14
0.64
0.96
0.55

1.20
0.88
0.86
0.99
1.04
1.91
1.19
1.01
1.31
0.57
1.04
0.36

1.12
0.88
0.81
1.22
1.52
1.67
1.21
0.93
1.18
0.52
0.99
0.23

1.10
1.06
1.08
0.97
0.37
1.11
1.00
1.10
0.85
1.44
1.09
1.63

1.11
1.10
1.10
1.13
0.80
1.12
0.97
1.14
0.89
1.44
1.12
1.54

1.06
1.14
1.16
1.07
0.03
0.96
0.94
1.13
0.84
1.42
1.04
1.52

1.08
1.23
1.24
1.29
0.77
0.75
0.94
1.15
0.88
1.54
1.14
1.72

0.95
1.05
1.06
0.96
0.21
0.73
0.91
1.04
0.81
1.40
1.02
1.63

0.68
0.82
0.82
0.76
1.54
0.64
1.06
0.64
0.78
0.46
0.60
0.38

0.65
0.71
0.72
0.63
0.41
0.61
1.10
0.59
0.72
0.43
0.66
0.36

0.67
0.71
0.69
0.85
1.35
0.61
1.22
0.55
0.64
0.46
0.57
0.43

0.64
0.66
0.65
0.68
1.13
0.57
1.13
0.56
0.70
0.37
0.59
0.27

0.66
0.75
0.69
1.03
1.43
0.47
1.13
0.59
0.73
0.36
0.75
0.12

1.46
1.32
1.33
1.24
1.69
1.50
0.96
1.52
1.39
1.70
1.47
1.83

1.44
1.31
1.31
1.33
0.98
1.53
0.97
1.49
1.37
1.63
1.38
1.71

1.40
1.29
1.31
1.17
0.03
1.56
0.97
1.44
1.31
1.57
1.28
1.65

1.47
1.29
1.36
1.04
0.60
1.88
0.98
1.50
1.37
1.69
1.38
1.82

1.49
1.30
1.33
1.18
0.21
1.93
1.01
1.48
1.33
1.71
1.27
1.99

0.79
0.99
1.00
0.91
1.40
0.74
1.07
0.74
0.90
0.53
0.69
0.44

0.80
0.89
0.90
0.78
2.13
0.74
1.10
0.73
0.89
0.54
0.82
0.45

0.73
0.81
0.80
0.83
1.33
0.62
1.15
0.63
0.74
0.53
0.69
0.48

0.76
0.81
0.79
0.89
0.92
0.65
1.15
0.66
0.81
0.44
0.78
0.29

0.83
0.88
0.81
1.23
1.47
0.71
1.16
0.71
0.89
0.43
0.86
0.17

1.25
0.97
1.01
0.72
1.26
1.33
0.96
1.30
1.19
1.45
1.28
1.54

1.35
1.17
1.20
1.01
0.81
1.48
0.94
1.45
1.36
1.56
1.40
1.61

1.29
1.22
1.20
1.27
2.33
1.40
0.93
1.38
1.24
1.52
1.30
1.58

1.28
1.15
1.21
0.87
0.82
1.58
0.95
1.35
1.22
1.53
1.28
1.65

1.25
1.07
1.09
0.98
0.21
1.67
0.96
1.30
1.18
1.50
1.11
1.74

0.74
0.85
0.85
0.88
1.11
0.71
1.05
0.70
0.78
0.61
0.76
0.52

0.75
0.78
0.78
0.80
0.13
0.72
1.09
0.68
0.78
0.57
0.87
0.47

0.79
0.83
0.80
0.95
1.33
0.74
1.12
0.71
0.77
0.64
0.87
0.58

0.68
0.77
0.74
0.86
0.99
0.50
1.06
0.64
0.77
0.47
0.78
0.33

0.77
0.91
0.82
1.34
2.85
0.44
1.10
0.70
0.85
0.48
0.84
0.26

1.06
0.91
0.93
0.74
1.34
1.10
0.96
1.11
1.09
1.13
0.97
1.21

0.98
0.96
0.96
0.92
0.71
1.00
0.96
1.03
0.94
1.13
0.89
1.21

1.10
0.95
0.96
0.89
1.56
1.32
0.97
1.14
1.12
1.16
0.96
1.21

1.25
1.09
1.07
1.18
1.29
1.61
1.05
1.19
1.12
1.30
1.02
1.43

1.29
1.08
1.09
1.04
0.34
1.80
0.96
1.35
1.31
1.41
1.15
1.58

0.61

0.63

0.64

0.57

0.52

1.44

1.44

1.42

1.54

1.40

0.46

0.43

0.46

0.37

0.36

1.70

1.63

1.57

1.69

1.71

0.53

0.54

0.53

0.44

0.43

1.45

1.56

1.52

1.53

1.50

0.61

0.57

0.64

0.47

0.48

1.13

1.13

1.16

1.30

1.41

3.79

1.07

1.45

1.28

0.76

-2.64

1.80

0.03

1.31

0.51

2.57

0.52

0.24

0.45

0.66

-2.35

1.59

1.83

1.51

1.51

2.05

0.92

1.42

0.73

0.56

0.29

1.37

1.33

1.36

0.29

1.75

0.51

0.92

0.63

0.79

1.01

0.84

2.12

0.33

0.30

0.96

0.98
1.29

1.01
2.00

0.98
0.92

1.02
1.00

1.05

1.03
1.29

1.05
1.44

1.02
1.08

1.03
1.42

1.02

1.04
0.86

1.07
1.11

1.03
0.92

1.02
1.08

0.97

0.95
1.29

0.99
1.44

0.97
1.08

0.97
1.67

0.97

0.98
0.71

1.03
1.00

1.01
0.67

1.03
0.92

1.03

0.98
1.43

0.98
0.89

1.01
0.67

1.01
1.08

1.12

1.08
1.00

1.10
0.22

1.07
0.33

1.02
0.75

0.91

0.92
1.57

0.92
1.56

0.94
1.92

0.92
1.75

22 837 35 504 19 475

EUR
years
%

0.94
0.89
1.09
0.82
1.00
1.04

46
9.0

46
12.0

47
12.0

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

76 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


Beef and sheep farm
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
hectare
FTE
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
%
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR

2004
124 130
429 431
100 833
328 599
42.0
1.57

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008
138 422
463 026
104 938
358 088
42.3
1.53

155 879
513 772
116 479
397 293
43.5
1.53

142 235
518 062
109 699
408 363
42.1
1.57

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
137 418
536 414
127 642
408 772
42.6
1.60

0.55
0.90
1.17
0.82
1.05
0.87

0.65
1.01
1.63
0.82
0.84
0.74

0.63
1.01
1.42
0.89
0.93
0.79

0.67
0.78
0.82
0.76
1.13
0.93

0.68
0.99
1.40
0.86
1.05
0.94

0.98
0.84
0.68
0.89
0.88
1.10

1.15
1.10
0.75
1.20
0.97
1.26

1.14
1.07
1.09
1.06
1.15
1.10

1.24
1.17
1.17
1.16
1.00
1.15

1.12
0.99
0.74
1.07
0.94
1.06

0.55
0.90
1.17
0.82
1.05
0.87

0.51
0.87
1.27
0.75
0.78
0.71

0.45
0.81
1.05
0.74
0.87
0.76

0.67
0.78
0.82
0.76
1.13
0.93

0.57
0.91
1.19
0.82
1.02
1.01

1.98
1.44
1.43
1.44
1.25
1.17

1.81
1.55
0.90
1.75
1.33
1.25

1.76
1.40
1.15
1.48
1.30
1.22

1.53
1.35
1.35
1.36
1.13
1.20

1.77
1.48
1.23
1.57
1.27
1.16

0.55
0.90
1.17
0.82
1.05
0.87

0.51
0.87
1.27
0.75
0.78
0.71

0.46
0.82
1.03
0.76
0.90
0.76

0.67
0.78
0.82
0.76
1.13
0.93

0.56
0.88
1.09
0.81
1.10
0.92

1.72
1.22
1.02
1.28
0.98
1.26

1.46
1.24
0.85
1.35
0.99
1.31

1.56
1.24
0.96
1.32
0.92
1.23

1.54
1.32
1.30
1.33
0.96
1.24

1.56
1.23
1.10
1.28
0.85
1.13

0.71
1.04
1.04
1.04
1.13
0.92

0.59
1.02
1.46
0.90
0.76
0.72

0.61
1.01
1.27
0.93
0.90
0.78

0.65
0.80
0.83
0.80
1.12
0.89

0.66
1.01
1.42
0.88
1.00
0.92

1.23
0.78
0.76
0.79
0.86
1.14

1.29
0.92
0.96
0.90
0.99
1.27

1.33
0.98
1.36
0.87
1.06
1.16

1.30
1.05
1.21
1.01
1.06
1.20

1.16
0.81
0.79
0.82
0.88
1.14

67 202 67 355 66 377 50 929 51 564


23 711 26 371 28 322 28 789 26 914
22 376 23 802 25 123 24 379 23 292
1 248 2 162
2 964 3 610 3 325
87
407
235
800
298
43 491 40 984 38 055 22 141 24 651
45.5
40.9
36.0
29.8
31.4
147 842 164 792 184 201 171 024 164 332
98 303 100 962 117 204 114 905 104 666
49 538 63 831 66 998 56 119 59 666
15 424 16 397 18 647 19 106 20 754
34 115 47 434 48 351 37 013 38 912

0.77
1.15
1.13
1.55
0.00
0.57
1.20
0.64
0.77
0.38
0.76
0.21

0.85
0.90
0.94
0.70
0.00
0.82
1.24
0.69
0.92
0.33
0.94
0.12

0.95
1.05
1.10
0.48
3.17
0.87
1.36
0.70
0.91
0.32
0.94
0.08

1.05
1.20
1.22
0.96
1.75
0.84
1.37
0.76
0.91
0.45
0.75
0.29

0.93
1.02
1.05
0.76
1.66
0.83
1.26
0.74
0.95
0.36
0.95
0.05

0.77
0.62
0.62
0.57
0.00
0.85
0.83
0.92
0.70
1.35
0.86
1.57

0.98
0.95
0.91
1.18
2.11
1.00
0.88
1.12
0.85
1.54
0.99
1.73

0.95
1.08
0.99
1.94
0.59
0.86
0.84
1.13
0.86
1.59
1.12
1.77

0.80
0.82
0.81
0.97
0.48
0.78
0.68
1.17
0.90
1.72
1.27
1.95

0.93
0.96
0.90
1.44
0.26
0.90
0.85
1.09
0.81
1.58
1.05
1.87

0.77
1.15
1.13
1.55
0.00
0.57
1.20
0.64
0.77
0.38
0.76
0.21

0.67
0.75
0.77
0.69
0.00
0.62
1.23
0.55
0.73
0.25
0.82
0.05

0.73
0.87
0.90
0.44
3.17
0.62
1.41
0.51
0.68
0.23
0.77
0.02

1.05
1.20
1.22
0.96
1.75
0.84
1.37
0.76
0.91
0.45
0.75
0.29

0.76
0.94
0.93
0.87
2.75
0.56
1.20
0.63
0.80
0.33
0.83
0.05

1.57
1.00
1.02
0.82
0.00
1.88
0.86
1.83
1.77
1.93
1.60
2.08

1.59
1.39
1.40
1.34
1.36
1.72
0.91
1.74
1.56
2.04
1.65
2.17

1.52
1.30
1.26
1.79
0.12
1.68
0.90
1.69
1.51
2.02
1.60
2.17

1.06
1.09
1.04
1.53
0.77
1.03
0.73
1.46
1.21
1.96
1.44
2.23

1.55
1.46
1.49
1.34
0.26
1.65
0.90
1.72
1.50
2.11
1.48
2.45

0.77
1.15
1.13
1.55
0.00
0.57
1.20
0.64
0.77
0.38
0.76
0.21

0.67
0.75
0.77
0.69
0.00
0.62
1.23
0.55
0.73
0.25
0.82
0.05

0.73
0.87
0.89
0.53
3.17
0.62
1.38
0.53
0.70
0.23
0.80
0.01

1.05
1.20
1.22
0.96
1.75
0.84
1.37
0.76
0.91
0.45
0.75
0.29

0.78
0.94
0.95
0.94
0.54
0.60
1.24
0.63
0.80
0.32
0.83
0.05

1.33
0.84
0.85
0.59
0.00
1.59
0.84
1.58
1.48
1.78
1.32
1.99

1.19
0.99
0.96
1.09
2.25
1.32
0.86
1.39
1.20
1.69
1.29
1.83

1.20
0.93
0.94
0.89
0.48
1.39
0.82
1.46
1.37
1.63
1.19
1.79

1.09
0.97
0.92
1.45
0.48
1.25
0.76
1.45
1.25
1.86
1.43
2.08

1.21
0.95
0.93
1.16
0.34
1.49
0.82
1.46
1.33
1.69
1.24
1.93

0.94
1.25
1.23
1.58
0.00
0.77
1.18
0.79
0.91
0.55
0.90
0.39

0.79
0.83
0.86
0.68
0.00
0.76
1.25
0.63
0.83
0.30
0.96
0.07

0.95
1.04
1.09
0.52
3.17
0.87
1.39
0.68
0.88
0.33
0.99
0.07

0.99
1.15
1.18
0.94
1.03
0.79
1.36
0.73
0.88
0.42
0.77
0.24

0.87
0.96
1.01
0.63
0.08
0.78
1.23
0.71
0.92
0.34
0.95
0.01

0.99
0.63
0.63
0.62
0.00
1.19
0.87
1.13
1.01
1.38
0.96
1.57

1.09
1.01
0.96
1.35
2.17
1.14
0.88
1.24
1.07
1.51
1.03
1.68

1.06
1.03
0.93
1.91
0.59
1.09
0.83
1.28
1.12
1.57
1.21
1.71

0.94
0.92
0.90
1.10
0.63
0.98
0.76
1.24
1.00
1.72
1.28
1.95

0.87
0.84
0.82
1.03
0.13
0.91
0.79
1.11
0.93
1.42
1.04
1.63

56 119 59 666
0
0

0.38

0.33

0.32

0.45

0.36

1.35

1.54

1.59

1.72

1.58

0.38

0.25

0.23

0.45

0.33

1.93

2.04

2.02

1.96

2.11

0.38

0.25

0.23

0.45

0.32

1.78

1.69

1.63

1.86

1.69

0.55

0.30

0.33

0.42

0.34

1.38

1.51

1.57

1.72

1.42

49 538
0

63 831
0

66 998
0

EUR

6 567

21 582

5 616

10 130

20 480

-0.53

1.90

-1.81

-0.27

1.63

2.38

0.75

0.22

1.43

0.19

-0.53

0.92

-2.48

-0.27

2.65

2.13

1.51

2.85

1.72

1.31

-0.53

0.92

-2.46

-0.27

2.23

1.58

1.29

2.82

3.95

0.62

-0.08

2.79

-2.16

-0.25

2.45

2.05

0.79

2.39

1.58

-0.23

years
%

44.9

46.4
7.0

45.8
9.0

46.7
8.0

47.3
10.0

0.97

0.91
2.29

0.91
2.00

0.92
2.38

0.98
2.20

1.01

1.05

0.94
1.22

1.03
0.25

1.04
0.60

0.97

0.92
1.29

0.91
1.11

0.92
2.38

0.93
2.50

1.04

1.02

1.01

1.02
0.25

1.01

0.97

0.92
1.29

0.91
1.11

0.92
2.38

1.00
1.30

1.05

1.05

1.04

1.03

1.05

0.98

0.95
1.00

0.91
2.00

0.93
2.38

0.97
1.90

1.00

1.00
0.43

0.96
0.56

1.01
0.25

1.04
0.20

Non-ruminants farm
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008
371 534
491 778
189 668
302 110
17.0
1.5

452 784
577 684
222 614
355 070
19.6
1.6

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
hectare
FTE

362 992
386 434
164 489
221 945
15.2
1.5

348 670
413 364
149 687
263 677
14.9
1.5

445 086
701 061
323 559
377 503
18.2
1.6

0.68
0.71
1.06
0.45
0.68
0.92

0.91
0.85
1.12
0.70
0.71
0.99

0.79
0.65
0.84
0.54
0.60
0.87

0.90
0.78
0.90
0.71
0.94
0.89

0.64
0.66
0.63
0.69
1.06
0.88

1.12
1.03
0.66
1.31
1.21
1.01

0.97
1.02
0.59
1.26
1.18
0.95

1.14
1.28
1.24
1.31
1.27
0.99

0.92
1.04
1.04
1.04
1.11
0.88

1.17
1.17
1.38
1.00
0.87
0.95

0.67
0.72
1.09
0.45
0.68
0.99

0.72
0.77
1.00
0.63
0.60
1.05

0.71
0.55
0.67
0.48
0.45
0.85

0.68
0.62
0.67
0.59
0.92
0.96

0.51
0.63
0.61
0.65
1.01
0.83

1.58
1.58
1.30
1.79
1.63
1.09

1.50
1.50
1.43
1.54
1.63
1.05

1.62
1.75
1.68
1.80
1.37
1.12

1.41
1.57
1.60
1.56
1.31
1.06

1.66
2.01
2.32
1.75
1.30
1.08

0.73
0.72
0.69
0.74
1.00
0.86

0.73
0.65
0.65
0.64
0.84
0.93

0.92
0.80
1.04
0.65
0.78
0.91

0.74
0.75
0.79
0.73
1.01
0.89

0.89
1.02
1.44
0.67
0.83
0.86

1.00
0.85
0.98
0.75
0.48
0.85

1.16
0.99
1.24
0.84
0.61
1.11

1.92
1.71
1.53
1.82
1.27
1.23

1.41
1.05
1.03
1.06
0.48
1.01

1.18
0.82
0.82
0.83
0.57
1.15

0.87
1.10
0.95
1.21
1.12
0.99

0.83
1.19
0.84
1.39
1.17
0.99

0.85
0.85
0.71
0.94
0.75
0.89

0.68
0.83
0.76
0.87
1.07
0.88

0.54
0.59
0.62
0.56
0.97
0.81

0.89
0.65
0.94
0.44
0.54
0.95

0.98
0.68
1.17
0.40
0.50
0.94

0.98
0.81
1.36
0.47
0.41
0.87

0.99
0.82
1.43
0.44
0.68
0.82

1.15
1.05
1.58
0.60
0.50
0.90

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
%
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR

56 775
4 901
3 463
953
485
51 874
15.4
367 893
267 390
100 503
24 606
75 897

26 448 21 490 54 521 28 189


6 681
9 661 13 790 12 875
4 003
4 852 5 972 5 324
2 482
4 423 6 489 7 433
195
386 1 329
118
19 767 11 829 40 731 15 314
7.4
5.6
11.7
6.2
355 351 381 195 466 574 457 961
253 151 315 337 386 409 356 480
102 200 65 859 80 165 101 481
24 855 29 984 31 086 38 526
77 344 35 874 49 079 62 955

0.69
0.66
0.57
1.17
0.33
0.69
1.01
0.68
0.84
0.26
0.83
0.08

1.00
0.71
0.61
0.92
0.00
1.10
1.10
0.91
1.08
0.48
1.06
0.29

1.02
0.49
0.54
0.47
0.00
1.46
1.30
0.78
0.95
0.00
0.61
-0.52

0.97
0.68
1.06
0.36
0.53
1.07
1.08
0.90
1.02
0.28
0.83
-0.07

1.18
0.71
1.09
0.44
0.96
1.57
1.85
0.64
0.76
0.22
0.57
0.01

1.05
1.30
1.15
0.76
3.44
1.02
0.93
1.12
0.95
1.58
0.93
1.80

1.00
1.11
1.14
1.16
0.02
0.96
1.03
0.97
0.82
1.34
0.83
1.50

0.61
1.26
1.33
1.15
1.77
0.08
0.53
1.14
0.97
1.96
1.39
2.44

0.82
1.00
1.04
0.88
1.43
0.76
0.90
0.92
0.78
1.59
0.97
1.98

0.31
1.13
0.83
1.34
1.63
-0.38
0.27
1.16
1.03
1.62
1.37
1.77

0.68
0.68
0.62
0.98
0.56
0.68
1.02
0.67
0.81
0.28
0.88
0.09

0.54
0.78
0.58
1.16
0.00
0.46
0.75
0.72
0.85
0.41
1.11
0.19

0.90
0.28
0.40
0.17
0.00
1.40
1.28
0.70
0.85
-0.04
0.54
-0.53

0.81
0.62
1.07
0.20
0.64
0.88
1.20
0.68
0.77
0.22
0.68
-0.07

0.76
0.71
1.08
0.44
0.96
0.80
1.46
0.52
0.61
0.19
0.57
-0.04

1.49
1.63
1.54
1.02
3.44
1.48
0.94
1.58
1.41
2.02
1.52
2.19

1.43
1.33
1.37
1.37
0.00
1.46
0.96
1.49
1.35
1.85
1.28
2.04

1.16
1.51
1.09
1.88
2.40
0.88
0.72
1.62
1.46
2.37
1.77
2.87

1.39
1.84
1.15
2.39
2.27
1.24
0.98
1.42
1.27
2.14
1.48
2.56

1.07
1.88
1.24
2.33
2.30
0.39
0.64
1.66
1.53
2.13
2.08
2.16

0.88
0.98
1.05
1.10
0.25
0.87
1.20
0.73
0.80
0.54
0.82
0.45

0.82
0.76
0.89
0.60
0.13
0.84
1.11
0.73
0.79
0.60
0.72
0.55

0.80
0.65
0.86
0.39
1.17
0.92
0.87
0.92
1.01
0.48
0.91
0.11

0.97
0.71
1.12
0.29
0.97
1.05
1.30
0.74
0.82
0.36
0.79
0.09

0.61
0.90
0.94
0.88
0.74
0.37
0.69
0.89
0.94
0.72
1.15
0.46

0.85
0.44
0.28
0.62
1.25
0.89
0.86
0.99
0.95
1.08
0.69
1.21

0.54
0.63
0.39
1.07
0.00
0.51
0.47
1.15
1.13
1.18
1.13
1.19

1.17
1.37
0.95
1.91
0.49
1.01
0.62
1.91
1.87
2.09
1.90
2.25

1.12
0.48
0.27
0.77
0.00
1.34
0.81
1.38
1.41
1.25
0.94
1.45

0.82
0.55
0.39
0.67
0.00
1.05
0.71
1.16
1.13
1.27
0.62
1.67

0.91
1.27
1.13
1.37
2.09
0.88
1.05
0.87
0.95
0.67
1.06
0.55

0.76
1.39
1.19
1.80
0.18
0.55
0.91
0.84
0.89
0.69
1.18
0.54

0.93
0.76
0.77
0.79
0.32
1.07
1.09
0.85
0.98
0.23
0.69
-0.15

0.66
0.72
1.20
0.32
0.52
0.65
0.98
0.68
0.77
0.26
0.79
-0.08

0.67
0.79
1.06
0.59
0.90
0.57
1.22
0.55
0.62
0.30
0.52
0.16

0.77
0.77
0.58
0.92
1.88
0.77
0.87
0.88
0.86
0.94
0.60
1.05

0.74
0.37
0.45
0.28
0.00
0.86
0.76
0.97
0.96
1.00
0.77
1.07

0.51
0.20
0.27
0.15
0.00
0.76
0.53
0.96
0.91
1.19
1.19
1.18

0.99
0.68
0.53
0.88
0.38
1.09
1.01
0.98
0.96
1.07
0.80
1.25

0.16
0.75
0.42
1.01
0.00
-0.33
0.14
1.14
1.07
1.38
1.28
1.44

EUR
EUR
EUR

100 503 102 200


0
0

65 859 80 165 101 481


0
0
0

0.26

0.48

0.00

0.28

0.22

1.58

1.34

1.96

1.59

1.62

0.28

0.41

-0.04

0.22

0.19

2.02

1.85

2.37

2.14

2.13

0.54

0.60

0.48

0.36

0.72

1.08

1.18

2.09

1.25

1.27

0.67

0.69

0.23

0.26

0.30

0.94

1.00

1.19

1.07

1.38

EUR

-10 124

9 896

33 911 24 082 76 144

0.52

-2.17

-0.02

1.74

0.61

0.11

2.65

1.95

1.02

2.50

0.83

-2.56

-0.24

1.07

0.61

0.59

5.78

3.42

1.10

3.16

1.39

-1.46

1.86

1.60

2.28

0.49

-0.37

-1.05

0.02

-0.06

0.77

-0.27

0.24

1.81

0.13

0.67

-0.15

1.80

1.88

1.92

years
%

43.08

44.16
17.0

0.99

0.98
0.35

0.98
0.86

1.01
1.25

0.99
1.14

1.02

1.13
1.71

0.99
0.29

0.99
0.63

1.03
0.43

1.00

1.00
0.76

1.02
0.86

1.05
1.63

0.99
1.71

1.02

1.03
0.88

1.02
0.86

0.98
0.63

0.98
0.43

1.07

1.06
1.06

1.01
0.79

0.99
1.38

0.97
0.86

1.00

0.95
1.00

0.89
0.43

0.98
1.06

0.95
0.57

1.04

1.04
2.41

1.02
2.29

0.98
1.88

0.96
1.36

0.90

0.96
1.00

0.90
0.71

0.90
1.25

0.92
0.71

44.50
14.0

43.27
16.0

44.01
14.0

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

77

Mixed farm
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007 2008

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
hectare
FTE

202 774
479 707
132 339
347 368
35.8
1.84

218 831
543 098
143 939
399 159
38.8
1.88

241 711
646 434
152 297
494 137
44.1
2.13

1.03
1.00
1.47
0.83
1.03
0.96

0.82
0.82
1.32
0.64
0.81
0.98

1.05
0.92
1.31
0.80
0.94
0.94

0.94
0.96
1.29
0.86
0.89
0.92

0.94
0.91
1.39
0.76
1.02
0.92

0.88
0.99
0.86
1.04
0.86
1.00

0.93
1.03
0.69
1.15
1.02
1.01

0.63
0.66
0.48
0.72
0.83
0.98

0.80
0.85
0.53
0.94
0.86
1.16

0.75
0.97
0.46
1.13
0.85
1.10

0.57
0.72
0.79
0.69
0.83
1.01

0.44
0.63
0.92
0.52
0.77
0.97

0.54
0.60
0.71
0.56
0.75
0.90

0.55
0.71
0.72
0.71
0.85
0.95

0.52
0.68
0.82
0.63
1.01
0.91

1.68
1.41
1.31
1.44
1.16
0.97

1.79
1.64
1.59
1.65
1.36
1.06

1.71
1.53
1.77
1.45
1.39
1.09

1.77
1.59
1.62
1.58
1.29
1.06

1.51
1.48
1.34
1.52
1.11
0.96

0.68
0.87
0.89
0.86
1.15
0.87

0.54
0.74
1.01
0.64
0.94
0.93

0.59
0.82
0.76
0.84
1.04
0.84

0.50
0.75
0.71
0.77
1.09
0.77

0.57
0.74
0.92
0.69
1.15
0.82

1.50
1.15
1.18
1.14
0.75
1.10

1.64
1.48
1.18
1.59
1.01
1.15

1.49
1.21
1.26
1.20
0.88
1.21

1.41
1.15
0.94
1.21
0.81
1.17

1.38
1.19
1.03
1.24
0.74
1.23

0.65
0.98
0.71
1.08
1.08
0.88

0.51
0.79
0.49
0.90
0.86
0.87

0.70
1.02
0.70
1.13
0.95
0.86

0.58
0.88
0.71
0.93
0.94
0.78

0.63
0.99
0.80
1.05
1.10
0.81

1.16
0.72
1.27
0.52
0.76
0.96

1.12
0.73
1.00
0.63
0.93
0.98

1.13
0.75
1.04
0.66
0.91
1.09

1.20
0.82
1.19
0.71
0.89
1.18

1.22
0.76
1.04
0.68
0.88
1.12

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
%
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR

55 292
13 144
10 612
1 810
722
42 148
25.6
215 918
146 178
69 740
24 044
45 696

44 893 44 796 45 003 41 947


17 995 21 396 25 253 23 968
15 061 16 551 17 113 18 392
2 294 4 473 5 752 5 286
640
372 2 388
291
26 898 23 399 19 750 17 979
19.0
17.0
16.5
15.8
236 826 263 353 272 904 265 679
149 658 173 434 189 104 184 865
87 168 89 918 83 801 80 814
23 058 25 529 28 899 31 060
64 111 64 389 54 902 49 755

1.18
1.19
1.23
1.15
0.74
1.17
1.13
1.04
1.28
0.54
1.06
0.27

1.09
1.01
0.93
1.04
2.73
1.14
1.30
0.84
1.07
0.44
0.97
0.25

1.14
1.16
1.04
1.62
1.17
1.12
1.07
1.06
1.30
0.60
1.17
0.37

1.09
1.11
1.00
1.41
1.17
1.07
1.14
0.96
1.17
0.49
1.12
0.16

1.23
1.25
1.07
1.88
1.27
1.19
1.27
0.97
1.15
0.54
1.11
0.19

0.77
0.79
0.74
0.58
1.99
0.77
0.88
0.87
0.68
1.27
0.94
1.45

0.88
0.89
0.91
0.80
0.87
0.87
0.95
0.92
0.72
1.27
0.92
1.40

0.71
0.77
0.83
0.49
1.28
0.66
1.12
0.64
0.43
1.04
0.71
1.17

0.71
0.81
0.86
0.54
1.05
0.59
0.89
0.80
0.61
1.23
0.81
1.45

0.73
0.78
0.87
0.48
0.60
0.66
0.97
0.75
0.56
1.20
0.80
1.45

0.66
1.05
1.18
0.71
0.00
0.55
1.11
0.60
0.72
0.35
0.68
0.19

0.72
0.95
0.93
0.62
2.74
0.56
1.50
0.48
0.56
0.33
0.61
0.24

0.67
0.83
0.82
0.87
0.81
0.52
1.18
0.56
0.68
0.34
0.76
0.17

0.83
0.90
0.93
0.73
1.06
0.74
1.42
0.58
0.68
0.35
0.75
0.14

0.88
1.16
1.03
1.63
0.64
0.52
1.52
0.58
0.65
0.41
0.80
0.17

1.50
0.99
0.97
1.36
0.41
1.65
0.91
1.64
1.54
1.85
1.49
2.04

1.39
1.31
1.28
1.60
1.11
1.44
0.79
1.75
1.64
1.94
1.48
2.11

1.55
1.22
1.33
0.90
0.16
1.86
0.93
1.67
1.60
1.80
1.44
1.95

1.42
1.21
1.24
1.32
0.75
1.69
0.83
1.72
1.65
1.88
1.48
2.09

1.29
1.11
1.08
1.17
1.66
1.54
0.88
1.47
1.38
1.68
1.39
1.86

0.96
1.28
1.42
0.86
0.37
0.86
1.35
0.71
0.85
0.42
0.82
0.21

0.92
1.12
1.12
0.70
2.73
0.78
1.58
0.58
0.69
0.40
0.68
0.29

0.93
1.14
1.15
1.07
1.68
0.73
1.46
0.63
0.73
0.46
0.86
0.30

1.04
1.21
1.23
1.02
1.52
0.83
1.85
0.56
0.62
0.43
0.77
0.25

1.04
1.33
1.22
1.73
1.27
0.66
1.64
0.64
0.70
0.48
0.84
0.26

1.17
0.62
0.58
0.93
0.42
1.34
0.81
1.44
1.37
1.61
1.30
1.77

1.09
0.98
0.93
1.39
0.78
1.17
0.69
1.59
1.48
1.77
1.44
1.89

1.17
0.83
0.81
0.98
0.07
1.49
0.82
1.43
1.36
1.57
1.21
1.72

1.05
0.91
0.84
1.19
0.73
1.22
0.77
1.36
1.26
1.60
1.20
1.82

0.89
0.74
0.72
0.77
1.66
1.09
0.67
1.33
1.24
1.53
1.24
1.72

0.84
1.18
1.25
0.75
1.26
0.73
1.23
0.68
0.80
0.45
0.77
0.27

0.83
0.99
1.02
0.30
2.71
0.73
1.52
0.55
0.62
0.43
0.67
0.34

0.80
0.95
1.04
0.61
0.96
0.66
1.11
0.72
0.84
0.48
0.92
0.31

0.96
1.05
1.04
0.91
1.43
0.84
1.53
0.63
0.73
0.40
0.78
0.20

0.94
1.14
1.16
1.06
1.07
0.67
1.40
0.67
0.75
0.48
0.82
0.28

0.95
0.73
0.64
1.06
1.25
1.02
0.84
1.13
1.09
1.23
0.97
1.37

0.92
0.86
0.85
0.92
0.84
0.97
0.84
1.10
1.04
1.20
1.04
1.26

1.20
0.86
0.83
1.00
0.45
1.52
1.08
1.11
1.00
1.33
0.90
1.50

1.01
1.05
0.84
1.66
1.02
0.97
0.85
1.19
1.08
1.43
0.99
1.66

1.02
0.76
0.80
0.55
1.59
1.37
0.87
1.17
1.13
1.29
1.03
1.44

EUR
EUR
EUR

241 956
608 527
147 508
461 019
40.0
1.92

247 651
613 373
135 953
477 420
41.7
2.09

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009

69 740 87 168
0
0

89 918 83 801 80 814


0
0
0

0.54

0.44

0.60

0.49

0.54

1.27

1.27

1.04

1.23

1.20

0.35

0.33

0.34

0.35

0.41

1.85

1.94

1.80

1.88

1.68

0.42

0.40

0.46

0.43

0.48

1.61

1.77

1.57

1.60

1.53

0.45

0.43

0.48

0.40

0.48

1.23

1.20

1.33

1.43

1.29

EUR

-3 368 21 198

30 704

8 039

2 332

1.69

2.60

0.85

-0.89

0.64

-1.36

0.46

0.42

1.69

2.80

-0.34

2.68

0.20

0.29

4.38

-0.78

1.84

1.84

4.85

4.27

0.81

2.43

0.91

0.68

4.24

0.27

0.96

1.76

0.49

6.43

-0.09

-0.14

1.20

0.10

2.12

0.11

0.04

0.72

0.45

0.91

years
%

46.39

46.87
15.0

47.39
12.0

47.90
14.0

0.94

0.93
0.92

0.98
0.93

0.98
1.33

0.99
1.00

1.03

1.08
0.54

1.04
1.33

1.05
0.75

1.06
0.29

1.01

0.96
0.31

0.97
0.53

0.99
1.33

1.01
0.50

0.99

0.98
1.69

1.00
1.67

0.97
1.50

0.97
1.43

1.02

0.94
1.08

0.99
0.67

1.02
1.33

1.02
0.50

0.98

1.03
0.85

1.02
0.80

1.04
1.33

1.03
0.93

1.04

1.06
1.15

1.03
0.33

1.02
1.75

1.03
0.93

0.94

0.96
0.62

0.95
1.13

0.94
1.25

0.96
1.43

45.97
13.0

Nursery/Greenhouses/Floriculture farm
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007 2008

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
hectare
FTE

229 012
338 052
154 144
183 908
1.94
3.19

281 110
351 779
160 308
191 471
1.83
3.20

321 887
467 586
196 252
271 334
1.88
4.26

1.30
1.35
1.44
1.27
0.99
1.48

1.05
1.12
1.16
1.08
0.63
1.20

0.93
0.76
0.63
0.86
0.61
1.04

0.89
0.82
0.82
0.83
0.78
1.02

0.99
0.76
0.63
0.85
0.72
1.16

0.66
0.63
0.50
0.73
1.20
0.66

0.84
0.92
0.95
0.90
0.99
0.83

0.71
0.76
0.58
0.91
1.05
0.75

0.74
0.90
0.97
0.85
1.06
0.77

0.52
0.64
0.55
0.70
1.15
0.62

0.92
1.03
1.08
0.99
0.98
1.32

0.62
0.84
0.85
0.84
1.02
0.89

0.48
0.49
0.45
0.53
0.46
0.84

0.66
0.63
0.53
0.70
0.71
0.96

0.68
0.59
0.46
0.69
0.64
1.01

1.36
1.06
1.10
1.03
1.45
0.86

1.57
1.45
1.56
1.35
1.20
1.00

1.30
1.18
1.07
1.27
1.31
0.85

1.59
1.59
1.65
1.55
1.35
1.12

1.59
1.75
2.04
1.54
1.58
1.02

1.01
1.11
1.01
1.19
1.85
1.24

0.57
0.78
0.55
0.96
1.55
0.75

0.64
0.75
0.59
0.88
1.39
0.79

0.56
0.67
0.53
0.76
1.11
0.84

0.60
0.63
0.52
0.70
1.13
0.92

1.63
1.50
0.74
1.67
1.15
1.14

1.83
1.58
1.91
1.49
0.91
1.38

1.76
1.48
1.58
1.46
1.09
1.35

1.25
1.23
1.42
1.18
0.87
1.20

1.76
1.35
0.83
1.52
0.89
1.33

1.04
1.23
1.26
1.20
1.08
1.31

0.55
0.79
0.75
0.83
1.18
0.83

0.81
0.97
0.85
1.07
0.88
0.97

0.75
0.80
0.63
0.92
1.09
1.00

0.73
0.63
0.56
0.68
0.76
0.98

1.12
0.82
0.99
0.67
0.96
0.92

1.44
1.16
1.42
0.94
0.97
1.10

1.17
1.00
1.41
0.67
0.86
1.00

1.03
1.02
1.29
0.84
0.83
0.99

1.20
1.20
1.74
0.80
1.06
0.96

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
%
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR

8 866
2 598
158
2 264
175
6 268
3.8
231 610
177 620
53 990
32 630
21 360

9 869 19 790 24 095 16 684


3 873 4 660 7 245 9 200
91
12
42
27
3 129 3 185 5 753 7 648
652 1 464 1 451 1 525
5 996 15 129 16 850 7 484
3.5
6.7
7.2
5.0
284 983 295 625 336 940 331 088
203 230 209 674 243 848 240 117
81 752 85 951 93 093 90 971
35 675 40 153 45 380 49 261
46 077 45 797 47 713 41 710

0.72
1.22
0.84
1.25
1.13
0.52
0.55
1.30
1.69
0.02
1.28
-1.91

0.71
1.10
0.00
0.81
2.65
0.45
0.67
1.05
1.39
0.20
1.33
-0.67

0.73
0.49
0.00
0.37
0.77
0.80
0.79
0.92
1.21
0.21
0.86
-0.36

0.81
0.72
0.09
0.59
1.23
0.85
0.91
0.89
1.17
0.16
0.89
-0.53

0.86
0.63
0.00
0.36
2.03
1.15
0.89
0.98
1.30
0.11
0.83
-0.74

0.66
0.78
2.22
0.72
0.23
0.61
1.00
0.66
0.37
1.63
0.60
3.19

0.84
0.88
0.16
1.00
0.41
0.81
1.00
0.84
0.53
1.61
0.80
2.24

0.38
0.50
0.00
0.53
0.46
0.34
0.53
0.71
0.47
1.29
0.74
1.77

0.58
0.91
1.21
0.89
0.98
0.44
0.79
0.74
0.49
1.39
0.83
1.93

0.38
0.29
1.23
0.28
0.30
0.49
0.74
0.51
0.33
0.99
0.59
1.46

0.46
0.75
0.84
0.78
0.29
0.34
0.50
0.92
1.25
-0.17
0.96
-1.90

0.63
0.95
2.40
0.74
1.75
0.43
1.01
0.63
0.86
0.04
0.93
-0.65

0.30
0.27
0.00
0.24
0.33
0.32
0.64
0.47
0.66
0.02
0.51
-0.41

0.67
0.55
0.00
0.39
1.20
0.72
1.01
0.66
0.88
0.08
0.69
-0.50

0.62
0.51
0.00
0.26
1.74
0.77
0.93
0.67
0.93
0.01
0.64
-0.74

2.22
1.32
2.75
1.30
0.23
2.60
1.64
1.36
1.06
2.35
1.15
4.19

2.22
1.78
1.13
2.03
0.68
2.50
1.41
1.57
1.27
2.32
1.44
3.00

1.62
1.22
0.00
1.49
0.65
1.74
1.24
1.30
1.09
1.82
1.10
2.45

1.97
1.82
2.61
1.91
1.43
2.04
1.24
1.59
1.34
2.26
1.56
2.93

1.85
2.24
0.55
2.48
1.10
1.36
1.15
1.60
1.35
2.28
1.63
3.04

1.65
0.87
3.59
0.73
0.26
1.97
1.64
1.01
1.32
-0.03
1.01
-1.62

1.23
0.56
3.53
0.44
0.69
1.67
2.15
0.57
0.76
0.12
0.85
-0.45

1.12
0.45
0.00
0.36
0.65
1.33
1.75
0.64
0.80
0.26
0.73
-0.15

0.53
0.57
0.12
0.46
1.04
0.51
0.94
0.56
0.74
0.11
0.71
-0.47

0.60
0.53
0.55
0.27
1.82
0.68
0.99
0.60
0.79
0.11
0.64
-0.51

1.34
0.58
0.71
0.56
0.01
1.70
0.88
1.53
1.39
1.73
1.15
1.96

1.28
0.87
0.93
0.70
1.15
1.83
0.75
1.70
1.64
1.75
1.64
1.79

1.51
1.24
1.18
1.40
1.22
1.86
0.90
1.69
1.62
1.77
1.58
1.84

0.73
0.74
0.69
0.64
0.94
0.73
0.63
1.16
1.04
1.35
1.24
1.39

1.60
0.82
0.84
0.80
0.52
2.75
0.99
1.62
1.60
1.66
1.42
1.80

0.56
0.78
0.84
0.82
0.28
0.47
0.54
1.04
1.31
0.14
1.21
-1.49

0.50
0.66
2.57
0.44
1.54
0.40
0.91
0.56
0.72
0.14
0.84
-0.40

0.71
0.56
2.28
0.37
0.96
0.75
0.88
0.81
1.01
0.30
0.93
-0.26

0.73
0.74
0.82
0.57
1.42
0.73
0.97
0.75
0.96
0.21
0.80
-0.35

0.70
0.58
2.77
0.32
1.86
0.83
0.96
0.72
0.97
0.09
0.68
-0.61

0.97
1.06
1.39
1.10
0.23
0.93
0.86
1.12
0.89
1.90
0.92
3.41

1.34
1.25
0.00
1.42
0.52
1.39
0.93
1.44
1.18
2.10
1.11
2.85

0.84
1.28
0.00
1.53
0.73
0.71
0.72
1.17
0.99
1.59
1.00
2.12

0.91
1.13
0.09
1.13
1.15
0.82
0.88
1.03
0.82
1.60
1.05
2.12

0.84
0.63
0.55
0.68
0.40
1.09
0.71
1.18
1.02
1.60
1.08
2.21

EUR
EUR
EUR

290 964
391 494
174 478
217 017
1.75
3.36

329 695
434 334
173 926
260 408
1.84
4.11

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009

53 990 81 752
0
0

85 951 93 093 90 971


0
0
0

0.02

0.20

0.21

0.16

0.11

1.63

1.61

1.29

1.39

0.99

-0.17

0.04

0.02

0.08

0.01

2.35

2.32

1.82

2.26

2.28

-0.03

0.12

0.26

0.11

0.11

1.73

1.75

1.77

1.35

1.66

0.14

0.14

0.30

0.21

0.09

1.90

2.10

1.59

1.60

1.60

EUR

-7 187 -16 796

-8 915 -14 402 11 822

3.89

1.79

2.29

1.16

-1.60

0.15

0.42

-1.36

0.55

0.77

2.98

1.14

0.69

1.29

-1.34

0.09

1.09

-1.14

-0.19

7.97

2.72

1.07

1.54

0.64

-1.66

-5.30

1.06

-22.63

0.88

0.09

3.40

1.06

1.45

1.83

-1.36

-0.08

-0.12

2.41

0.38

9.44

years
%

47.29

46.31
6.0

0.99

0.99
1.20

1.01
0.67

0.97
0.86

1.04
1.86

1.00

0.96
0.60

1.05
0.00

0.99
0.43

1.04

0.99

1.02
0.80

1.05
0.67

1.05
0.57

1.06
1.43

0.94

0.97
1.80

1.01
0.83

0.99
1.14

0.97
1.14

0.98

0.99
0.60

0.94
1.17

0.99
1.14

1.06
1.86

1.00

0.96
0.87

0.97
1.50

0.96
1.37

1.05
1.17

1.01

1.03
0.40

1.02
0.50

1.04
1.14

1.07
1.29

0.97

0.97
2.00

0.99
2.00

1.00
0.86

0.97
0.57

47.30
5.0

47.00
7.0

47.37
7.0

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

78 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


Annex Table B.7 Average characteristics of high and low performers, Canada, for selected farm types, by performance indicator, 2004-09
All farm types
Output-input ratio
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income
Adoption of specific technology
Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
acre
FTE
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
%
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD

CAD

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008

2009

401 199 419 797 461 723 519 014 554781


1 824 308 2 117 830 2 247 849 2 410 860 2 573 233
433 222 455 816 471 213 523 865 568728
1 391 086 1 662 014 1 776 636 1 886 995 2 004 505
565
564
563
572
597

Net operating income per working unit

Net operating income per UAA

Net operating income per farm asset

Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
0.68
0.82
0.96
0.78
1.35

0.71
0.85
0.96
0.82
1.20

0.84
0.88
1.04
0.84
1.05

0.73
0.85
0.97
0.81
1.09

0.74
0.91
0.97
0.90
1.10

0.95
1.05
0.81
1.12
0.77

0.91
1.01
0.85
1.06
0.71

0.88
0.99
0.78
1.05
0.91

0.95
1.07
0.83
1.14
0.90

0.89
0.98
0.83
1.03
0.85

0.98
0.94
0.90
0.95
0.14

0.95
0.88
0.89
0.88
0.14

0.88
0.89
0.86
0.90
0.15

0.84
0.88
0.86
0.88
0.15

0.85
0.9
0.93
0.9
0.15

1.06
1.06
1.19
1.02
1.73

1.06
1.03
1.13
1.01
1.58

1.25
1.13
1.25
1.09
1.58

1.11
1.03
1.17
0.99
1.44

1.00
1.03
1.07
1.01
1.30

0.48
0.39
0.32
0.42
0.72

0.47
0.42
0.38
0.43
0.64

0.45
0.39
0.28
0.42
0.74

0.44
0.39
0.31
0.42
0.63

0.45
0.39
0.32
0.41
0.61

1.39
1.30
1.50
1.24
1.37

1.38
1.28
1.43
1.23
1.29

1.53
1.40
1.67
1.33
1.09

1.33
1.27
1.46
1.21
1.24

1.15
1.11
1.18
1.09
1.21

62 820
30 987
30987

81 684
35 626
35626

65 166
29 811
29811

53 303
29 149
29149

76 046
27573
27 573

0.92
1.70
1.70

0.89
1.81
1.81

1.01
1.87
1.87

1.15
1.91
1.91

0.95
2.05
2.05

1.04
0.51
0.51

1.12
0.48
0.48

0.97
0.59
0.59

0.87
0.50
0.50

0.94
0.43
0.43

1.12
0.50
0.50

1.14
0.53
0.53

1.16
0.65
0.65

1.06
0.67
0.67

1.7
0.76
0.8

0.82
1.26
1.26

0.71
1.19
1.19

0.86
1.33
1.33

0.85
1.18
1.18

0.43
1.11
1.11

0.46
0.68
0.68

0.51
0.69
0.69

0.43
0.70
0.70

0.44
0.62
0.62

0.26
0.65
0.65

1.07
1.29
1.29

0.98
1.18
1.18

1.27
1.35
1.35

1.17
1.33
1.33

0.59
1.20
1.20

31833
14.5
432 186
363 900
68 286

46058
17.9
455 423
388 726
66 697

35355
13.3
491 534
411 328
80 206

24154
9.7
548 163
466 693
81 470

48473
13.1
582354
502 836
79518

0.16
1.23
0.75
0.98
-0.50

0.18
1.12
0.79
1.03
-0.56

0.28
1.11
0.90
1.17
-0.48

0.22
1.45
0.79
1.04
-0.66

0.32
1.18
0.81
1.07
-0.83

1.55
1.13
0.92
0.65
2.38

1.62
1.28
0.88
0.62
2.38

1.29
1.13
0.86
0.57
2.35

1.32
0.94
0.93
0.65
2.52

1.23
1.09
0.86
0.59
2.62

1.72
1.18
0.95
0.81
1.67

1.61
1.24
0.92
0.78
1.73

1.60
1.35
0.86
0.72
1.57

1.53
1.28
0.83
0.72
1.49

1.80
2.0
0.85
0.7
1.71

0.40
0.77
1.07
1.35
-0.45

0.34
0.66
1.07
1.36
-0.60

0.46
0.68
1.26
1.56
-0.28

0.45
0.76
1.11
1.41
-0.63

0.38
0.43
1.00
1.31
-0.96

0.24
0.92
0.50
0.37
1.17

0.37
1.06
0.48
0.35
1.29

0.20
0.92
0.47
0.33
1.16

0.23
0.98
0.45
0.34
1.09

0.23
0.56
0.46
0.33
1.29

0.87
0.78
1.39
1.69
-0.25

0.81
0.72
1.36
1.67
-0.42

1.21
0.84
1.52
1.85
-0.19

0.98
0.88
1.33
1.64
-0.46

0.55
0.52
1.15
1.47
-0.90

68 286

66 697

80 206

81 470

79 518

-0.50

-0.56

-0.48

-0.66

-0.83

2.38

2.38

2.35

2.52

2.62

1.67

1.73

1.57

1.49

1.71

-0.45

-0.60

-0.28

-0.63

-0.96

1.17

1.29

1.16

1.09

1.29

-0.25

-0.42

-0.19

-0.46

-0.90

68 286

66 697

80 206

81 470

79 518

-0.50

-0.56

-0.48

-0.66

-0.83

2.38

2.38

2.35

2.52

2.62

1.67

1.73

1.57

1.49

1.7

-0.45

-0.60

-0.28

-0.63

-0.96

1.17

1.29

1.16

1.09

1.29

-0.25

-0.42

-0.19

-0.46

-0.90

53

53

54

55

55

1.00

1.02

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

0.98

0.96

0.96

0.96

0.96

1.0

1.00

1.02

1.02

1.00

1.02

0.98

1.00

0.98

0.98

0.96

1.00

1.02

1.02

1.00

1.02

%
CAD
years
%
%
%

Field crop farm


Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income
Adoption of specific technology
Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
acre
FTE
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
%
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD

CAD

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per farm asset
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009 2004
2006 2007
2008
2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009
2004
2006
2007 2008
2009 2004
2006
2007
2008
2009 2004
2006 2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009

286 286 305 858 359 994 428 142 478 666
1 507 687 1 816 499 1 904 415 2 116 996 2 380 963
297 617 341 674 303 876 351 579 415 627
1 210 070 1 474 825 1 600 539 1 765 417 1 965 336
813
833
789
798
836

0.72
0.93
1.20
0.86
1.06

0.65
0.90
1.09
0.85
0.97

0.76
0.89
1.21
0.83
0.96

0.71
0.90
1.09
0.86
1.00

0.78
1.04
1.09
1.03
0.99

1.20
1.06
0.70
1.14
0.91

1.15
1.07
0.76
1.14
0.90

1.01
1.01
0.63
1.08
0.92

1.16
1.09
0.83
1.14
0.92

1.06
1.01
0.84
1.04
0.94

0.70
0.76
0.52
0.82
0.93

0.61
0.76
0.51
0.82
0.82

0.52
0.71
0.40
0.77
0.96

0.50
0.69
0.40
0.75
0.92

0.49
0.66
0.47
0.70
0.91

0.97
1.07
1.40
1.00
1.21

0.84
0.96
1.26
0.89
1.08

1.35
1.22
1.58
1.15
1.48

1.02
1.07
1.32
1.02
1.23

0.93
1.12
1.16
1.11
1.12

0.65
0.47
0.41
0.48
1.04

0.57
0.48
0.37
0.51
1.10

0.54
0.45
0.34
0.47
0.96

0.55
0.46
0.37
0.48
0.97

0.51
0.43
0.39
0.44
0.97

1.07
1.19
1.44
1.13
1.20

1.02
1.18
1.35
1.13
1.12

1.15
1.25
1.60
1.19
1.13

1.00
1.17
1.30
1.14
1.13

0.95
1.17
1.18
1.16
1.11

32 304
31 193
31 193

53 805
51 872
51 872

33 611
32 285
32 285

26 971
25 339
25 339

26 104
22 226
22 226

1.43
1.47
1.47

1.51
1.56
1.56

1.61
1.64
1.64

1.46
1.52
1.52

2.84
2.01
2.01

0.73
0.69
0.69

0.68
0.62
0.62

0.76
0.76
0.76

0.64
0.62
0.62

1.48
0.48
0.48

0.71
0.72
0.72

0.66
0.66
0.66

0.62
0.65
0.65

0.62
0.64
0.64

1.01
0.76
0.76

0.90
0.90
0.90

0.95
0.97
0.97

1.30
1.25
1.25

1.04
1.02
1.02

2.96
1.09
1.09

0.80
0.83
0.83

0.69
0.72
0.72

0.65
0.68
0.68

0.60
0.63
0.63

0.62
0.65
0.65

0.98
0.94
0.94

1.08
1.03
1.03

1.28
1.18
1.18

1.13
1.05
1.05

3.24
1.17
1.17

1 111
10.2
317 479
262 170
55 309

1 933
15.0
357 730
302 785
54 945

1 326
8.6
392 279
306 774
85 505

1 632
5.9
453 481
370 768
82 713

3 878
5.2
500 892
422 660
78 232

0.14
1.79
0.79
1.08
-0.58

0.13
1.93
0.78
1.02
-0.54

0.90
1.93
0.84
1.09
-0.07

0.41
1.93
0.75
1.05
-0.56

0.76
3.40
0.84
1.14
-0.80

1.91
0.64
1.15
0.83
2.71

2.05
0.63
1.08
0.80
2.58

0.80
0.77
0.99
0.69
2.08

0.93
0.57
1.13
0.82
2.51

0.72
1.44
1.03
0.72
2.72

0.48
1.01
0.70
0.52
1.58

0.58
1.06
0.62
0.46
1.48

0.10
1.17
0.53
0.40
1.00

0.21
1.21
0.51
0.39
1.02

2.44
2.00
0.51
0.38
1.20

1.07
0.94
0.96
1.32
-0.72

0.47
1.10
0.86
1.17
-0.84

2.59
0.97
1.35
1.64
0.27

1.34
1.02
1.02
1.34
-0.43

13.70
3.15
0.94
1.28
-0.89

0.06
1.20
0.67
0.50
1.47

0.00
1.16
0.60
0.43
1.51

0.00
1.18
0.55
0.43
0.99

0.02
1.08
0.55
0.43
1.11

0.43
1.19
0.52
0.37
1.30

2.18
0.93
1.06
1.40
-0.56

2.37
1.05
1.02
1.32
-0.59

3.70
1.10
1.16
1.51
-0.10

2.32
1.13
1.00
1.32
-0.42

15.09
3.37
0.96
1.31
-0.90

55 309

54 945

85 505

82 713

78 232

-0.58

-0.54

-0.07

-0.56

-0.80

2.71

2.58

2.08

2.51

2.72

1.58

1.48

1.00

1.02

1.20

-0.72

-0.84

0.27

-0.43

-0.89

1.47

1.51

0.99

1.11

1.30

-0.56

-0.59

-0.10

-0.42

-0.90

55 309

54 945

85 505

82 713

78 232

-0.58

-0.54

-0.07

-0.56

-0.80

2.71

2.58

2.08

2.51

2.72

1.58

1.48

1.00

1.02

1.20

-0.72

-0.84

0.27

-0.43

-0.89

1.47

1.51

0.99

1.11

1.30

-0.56

-0.59

-0.10

-0.42

-0.90

54

54

55

56

56

1.00

1.04

0.98

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.02

1.02

1.02

0.98

1.00

1.02

1.02

1.02

1.00

1.00

1.02

0.98

1.00

1.00

0.98

1.00

1.00

0.98

0.96

1.02

1.02

1.00

1.00

1.00

%
CAD
years
%
%
%

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

79

Fruit and vegetable farm


Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income
Adoption of specific technology
Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
acre
FTE
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
%
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD

CAD

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per farm asset
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009 2004 2006 2007 2008
2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009
2004
2006
2007 2008 2009 2004 2006
2007
2008
2009 2004 2006 2007 2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009

509 744 548 225 566 260 627 784 639978


1 567 449 2 037 106 1 975 556 2 314 416 2 377 844
422 507 429 514 458 518 502 863 580585
1 144 942 1 607 592 1 517 038 1 811 553 1 797 259
102
113
89
94
112

0.75
0.98
1.09
0.93
0.97

0.65
0.92
0.98
0.90
0.94

0.82
1.07
1.29
1.00
1.08

0.62
1.00
1.29
0.93
0.86

0.61
1.02
1.22
0.95
0.90

0.83
1.01
0.90
1.06
0.86

0.86
1.01
0.88
1.04
1.01

0.99
1.09
0.85
1.16
0.94

0.95
1.29
0.99
1.37
1.05

1.08
1.24
1.20
1.25
1.26

0.53
0.76
0.52
0.84
0.76

0.51
0.72
0.50
0.78
0.60

0.55
0.75
0.37
0.87
0.94

0.44
0.59
0.39
0.64
0.78

0.49
0.59
0.53
0.61
0.76

1.11
1.05
1.32
0.95
1.18

1.14
1.20
1.29
1.17
1.64

1.21
1.19
1.30
1.15
1.62

1.10
1.20
1.58
1.09
1.70

0.72
1.10
1.30
1.03
1.04

0.43
0.38
0.33
0.40
0.63

0.45
0.35
0.33
0.36
0.52

0.53
0.35
0.24
0.38
0.69

0.44
0.33
0.31
0.33
0.54

0.43
0.32
0.26
0.34
0.43

1.38
1.36
1.69
1.24
1.20

1.17
1.40
1.65
1.33
1.14

1.39
1.54
1.79
1.46
1.18

1.31
1.57
1.98
1.46
1.14

1.01
1.22
1.41
1.16
1.07

19 424
19 266
19266

38 145
37 894
37894

31 944
31 154
31154

31 181
31 041
31041

34 401
34118
34 118

1.65
1.66
1.66

1.65
1.66
1.66

1.81
1.86
1.86

1.40
1.41
1.41

1.53
1.54
1.54

0.32
0.32
0.32

0.40
0.41
0.41

0.42
0.43
0.43

0.52
0.53
0.53

1.02
1.01
1.01

0.43
0.43
0.43

0.48
0.49
0.49

0.42
0.43
0.43

0.50
0.50
0.50

0.40
0.40
0.40

1.03
1.04
1.04

0.98
0.98
0.98

1.20
1.23
1.23

0.91
0.92
0.92

0.85
0.86
0.86

0.55
0.56
0.56

0.57
0.57
0.57

0.54
0.56
0.56

0.70
0.70
0.70

0.68
0.69
0.69

1.26
1.26
1.26

1.00
1.01
1.01

1.18
1.21
1.21

1.02
1.02
1.02

0.94
0.94
0.94

158
3.7
529 010
463 141
65 869

251
6.5
586 119
496 050
90 069

790
5.3
597 414
500 262
97 152

140
4.7
658 825
556 237
102 588

283
5.1
674096
590 171
83925

2.10
0.78
1.03
-0.94

2.30
0.72
0.93
-0.45

2.08
0.87
1.14
-0.52

2.13
0.66
0.90
-0.68

2.31
0.66
0.90
-1.02

0.39
0.81
0.53
2.81

0.49
0.83
0.58
2.22

0.44
0.96
0.61
2.80

0.56
0.93
0.62
2.59

2.01
0.95
1.08
0.75
3.37

0.00
0.82
0.53
0.39
1.51

0.00
0.95
0.51
0.40
1.09

0.00
0.77
0.54
0.37
1.40

0.00
1.14
0.44
0.35
0.95

1.46
0.84
0.48
0.39
1.09

0.00
0.93
1.11
1.42
-1.06

0.00
0.87
1.13
1.38
-0.26

0.00
0.99
1.21
1.50
-0.26

0.00
0.84
1.09
1.39
-0.54

0.00
1.17
0.73
1.01
-1.24

0.00
1.27
0.43
0.33
1.20

0.00
1.23
0.46
0.35
1.06

0.00
1.02
0.53
0.36
1.40

0.00
1.55
0.45
0.35
1.00

0.00
1.56
0.44
0.34
1.11

2.12
0.92
1.37
1.64
-0.50

0.00
0.86
1.16
1.42
-0.31

0.00
0.85
1.39
1.69
-0.17

0.00
0.79
1.29
1.60
-0.36

0.00
0.93
1.01
1.28
-0.87

65 869

90 069

97 152

102 588

83 925

-0.94

-0.45

-0.52

-0.68

-1.02

2.81

2.22

2.80

2.59

3.37

1.51

1.09

1.40

0.95

1.09

-1.06

-0.26

-0.26

-0.54

-1.24

1.20

1.06

1.40

1.00

1.11

-0.50

-0.31

-0.17

-0.36

-0.87

65 869

90 069

97 152

102 588

83 925

-0.94

-0.45

-0.52

-0.68

-1.02

2.81

2.22

2.80

2.59

3.37

1.51

1.09

1.40

0.95

1.09

-1.06

-0.26

-0.26

-0.54

-1.24

1.20

1.06

1.40

1.00

1.11

-0.50

-0.31

-0.17

-0.36

-0.87

53

55

54

55

56

1.02

1.02

1.04

1.02

0.98

1.00

0.98

1.00

1.02

1.00

1.00

0.96

0.98

1.02

0.96

1.02

1.04

1.06

1.02

0.98

0.98

0.98

0.96

1.00

0.98

1.02

1.02

1.06

1.02

1.00

%
CAD
years
%
%
%

Dairy farm
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income
Adoption of specific technology
Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
acre
FTE

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per farm asset
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009 2004 2006 2007 2008
2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009
2004
2006
2007 2008 2009 2004 2006
2007
2008
2009 2004 2006 2007 2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009

370 085 401 907 447 337 502 158 503824


2 601 261 3 007 609 3 214 756 3 539 102 3 513 732
657 564 719 581 832 590 983 169 999290
1 943 697 2 288 028 2 382 166 2 555 933 2 514 442
168
182
177
178
171

1.08
1.05
1.26
0.98
1.20

1.00
1.02
1.00
1.03
1.14

1.05
1.03
1.23
0.97
1.15

1.02
1.03
1.12
1.00
1.08

1.00
1.04
1.04
1.05
1.18

0.95
0.99
0.84
1.04
0.90

0.92
0.91
0.88
0.91
0.84

0.87
0.89
0.76
0.93
0.84

0.93
0.96
0.73
1.05
0.87

0.88
0.91
0.84
0.94
0.84

0.74
0.80
0.73
0.82
1.32

0.70
0.76
0.64
0.79
1.60

0.70
0.76
0.59
0.81
1.34

0.67
0.73
0.62
0.78
1.28

0.69
0.78
0.61
0.85
1.46

1.30
1.24
1.41
1.18
1.61

1.37
1.31
1.33
1.30
1.87

1.42
1.36
1.56
1.29
1.71

1.44
1.36
1.58
1.28
1.63

1.36
1.29
1.33
1.27
1.80

0.45
0.42
0.25
0.48
1.13

0.52
0.45
0.45
0.44
1.17

0.46
0.39
0.26
0.43
1.14

0.42
0.38
0.29
0.42
1.06

0.45
0.39
0.32
0.42
1.18

1.45
1.44
1.67
1.36
0.98

1.59
1.66
1.77
1.62
0.97

1.66
1.76
1.99
1.68
0.94

1.65
1.62
2.03
1.47
0.98

1.25
1.37
1.21
1.44
0.95

CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
%
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD

160 056
14 399
14399

222 461
13 049
13049

192 383
10 547
10547

135 623
9 746
9746

263 607
14567
14 567

1.07
1.29
1.29

0.99
1.26
1.26

1.06
1.62
1.62

1.06
1.46
1.46

8.57
1.28
1.28

0.95
0.73
0.73

0.92
0.63
0.63

0.89
0.80
0.80

0.90
0.72
0.72

0.91
0.62
0.62

0.76
0.60
0.60

0.72
0.53
0.53

0.75
0.75
0.75

0.71
0.73
0.73

1.37
0.66
0.66

1.25
1.39
1.39

1.31
1.59
1.59

1.34
1.47
1.47

1.39
1.28
1.28

0.83
1.20
1.20

0.45
0.53
0.53

0.55
0.60
0.60

0.49
0.78
0.78

0.44
0.75
0.75

1.05
0.70
0.70

1.39
1.10
1.10

1.56
1.51
1.51

1.61
1.28
1.28

1.62
1.32
1.32

0.91
0.77
0.77

145657
41.6
384 484
292 153
92 331

209412
53.6
414 956
312 933
102 023

181836
42.0
457 884
355 860
102 024

125877
26.5
511 904
398 083
113 821

249040
50.9
518391
408 710
109681

1.04
0.98
1.09
1.38
0.17

0.97
0.98
1.01
1.28
0.18

1.03
0.99
1.06
1.32
0.17

1.03
1.03
1.03
1.29
0.11

0.90
0.85
1.01
1.28
0.00

0.97
1.01
0.94
0.68
1.75

0.94
1.01
0.91
0.65
1.72

0.89
1.03
0.86
0.62
1.73

0.92
0.98
0.92
0.67
1.81

0.93
1.04
0.87
0.64
1.73

0.78
1.04
0.73
0.60
1.15

0.74
1.04
0.70
0.55
1.13

0.74
1.06
0.70
0.53
1.30

0.71
1.06
0.67
0.53
1.16

1.41
1.98
0.69
0.55
1.21

1.23
0.96
1.30
1.57
0.44

1.29
0.95
1.38
1.62
0.65

1.33
0.94
1.42
1.66
0.57

1.40
0.97
1.44
1.68
0.59

0.80
0.61
1.36
1.61
0.41

0.44
1.00
0.45
0.36
0.75

0.55
1.06
0.52
0.39
0.92

0.48
1.06
0.46
0.34
0.91

0.42
1.04
0.43
0.33
0.78

1.07
2.32
0.45
0.33
0.89

1.42
0.97
1.44
1.86
0.11

1.56
0.98
1.59
2.07
0.12

1.63
0.98
1.65
1.99
0.46

1.64
0.99
1.64
2.03
0.27

0.92
0.74
1.23
1.70
-0.51

92 331

102 023

102 024

113 821

109 681

0.17

0.18

0.17

0.11

0.00

1.75

1.72

1.73

1.81

1.73

1.15

1.13

1.30

1.16

1.21

0.44

0.65

0.57

0.59

0.41

0.75

0.92

0.91

0.78

0.89

0.11

0.12

0.46

0.27

-0.51

CAD

92 331

102 023

102 024

113 821

109 681

0.17

0.18

0.17

0.11

0.00

1.75

1.72

1.73

1.81

1.73

1.15

1.13

1.30

1.16

1.21

0.44

0.65

0.57

0.59

0.41

0.75

0.92

0.91

0.78

0.89

0.11

0.12

0.46

0.27

-0.51

51

51

52

52

53

1.00

1.02

1.02

1.04

1.00

1.00

0.98

0.98

1.02

0.98

0.96

0.98

0.98

0.98

0.96

1.02

1.06

1.04

1.06

1.02

1.02

0.96

0.98

1.00

0.94

1.00

1.00

1.02

1.02

1.02

%
CAD
years
%
%
%

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

80 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


Beef and sheep farm
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income
Adoption of specific technology
Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
acre
FTE
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
%
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD

CAD

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per farm asset
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009 2004
2006 2007 2008
2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009
2004
2006
2007 2008
2009 2004 2006
2007
2008
2009 2004 2006 2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009

347 436 383 601 451 193 522 237 539910


1 476 718 1 711 237 1 809 782 1 961 199 2 049 462
339 677 324 046 359 023 395 236 424078
1 137 041 1 387 191 1 450 759 1 565 963 1 625 384
927
827
822
815
897

0.47
0.95
1.14
0.89
1.06

0.65
1.00
1.15
0.96
0.93

0.50
0.98
0.99
0.98
0.84

0.48
1.05
1.06
1.05
1.05

0.44
0.96
0.92
0.97
1.05

0.75
0.87
0.61
0.94
0.93

0.67
0.85
0.56
0.92
0.95

0.68
0.86
0.67
0.91
1.23

0.60
0.90
0.71
0.95
0.97

0.70
0.81
0.59
0.87
0.85

0.72
0.68
0.64
0.69
0.00

0.65
0.61
0.57
0.62
0.00

0.56
0.63
0.48
0.67
0.00

0.64
0.71
0.65
0.73
0.00

0.63
0.58
0.53
0.59
0.00

0.75
0.87
1.08
0.80
0.76

1.11
0.99
1.13
0.96
0.90

0.73
0.92
0.92
0.92
0.48

0.59
0.87
1.01
0.84
0.71

0.60
0.91
0.90
0.91
0.72

0.42
0.50
0.43
0.53
0.90

0.44
0.51
0.45
0.53
0.78

0.38
0.46
0.34
0.48
0.78

0.33
0.45
0.41
0.46
0.90

0.37
0.48
0.38
0.50
0.89

1.44
1.24
1.49
1.17
0.86

1.65
1.33
1.55
1.27
0.80

1.49
1.30
1.48
1.25
0.98

1.56
1.31
1.38
1.29
0.81

1.44
1.20
1.39
1.15
0.77

58 181
57 876
57876

32 269
30 544
30544

33 994
33 301
33301

37 550
37 165
37165

33 395
31987
31 987

1.24
1.24
1.24

1.64
1.69
1.69

1.56
1.59
1.59

1.62
1.64
1.64

1.55
1.59
1.59

0.50
0.51
0.51

0.44
0.42
0.42

0.45
0.45
0.45

0.44
0.44
0.44

1.10
0.46
0.46

0.84
0.84
0.84

0.92
0.91
0.91

0.83
0.83
0.83

0.87
0.87
0.87

1.24
1.18
1.18

0.72
0.72
0.72

0.83
0.85
0.85

0.80
0.79
0.79

0.69
0.69
0.69

0.49
0.49
0.49

0.61
0.61
0.61

0.75
0.78
0.78

0.67
0.68
0.68

0.62
0.63
0.63

0.87
0.85
0.85

1.28
1.27
1.27

1.08
1.06
1.06

1.13
1.11
1.11

1.17
1.17
1.17

0.99
1.03
1.03

305
14.4
405 312
369 759
35 553

1725
7.8
414 145
378 542
35 603

693
7.0
484 494
456 131
28 363

385
6.7
559 402
521 618
37 784

1408
5.8
571897
533 877
38020

0.05
2.13
0.58
0.75
-1.13

0.63
2.26
0.72
0.91
-1.28

0.00
2.71
0.58
0.76
-2.44

0.09
2.91
0.56
0.72
-1.74

0.70
3.08
0.50
0.71
-2.39

0.14
0.70
0.72
0.50
2.96

0.82
0.67
0.65
0.43
3.02

0.46
0.67
0.67
0.42
4.55

0.68
0.75
0.59
0.38
3.49

1.56
1.60
0.68
0.41
4.52

0.39
1.14
0.74
0.59
2.29

1.08
1.38
0.67
0.51
2.34

0.82
1.43
0.58
0.43
3.06

0.83
1.33
0.65
0.50
2.74

2.63
1.87
0.66
0.44
3.77

0.75
0.96
0.75
0.99
-1.79

0.49
0.77
1.09
1.38
-1.93

1.27
1.10
0.73
0.97
-3.06

0.20
1.15
0.60
0.80
-2.14

0.70
0.83
0.59
0.85
-2.98

0.11
1.36
0.45
0.30
1.98

0.17
1.62
0.46
0.29
2.29

0.01
1.66
0.40
0.25
2.92

0.06
1.76
0.35
0.25
1.83

1.32
2.19
0.40
0.23
2.69

2.15
0.90
1.42
1.64
-0.84

1.37
0.67
1.61
1.86
-1.08

1.78
0.77
1.46
1.66
-1.69

1.44
0.76
1.54
1.74
-1.17

0.13
0.70
1.42
1.64
-1.75

35 553

35 603

28 363

37 784

38 020

-1.13

-1.28

-2.44

-1.74

-2.39

2.96

3.02

4.55

3.49

4.52

2.29

2.34

3.06

2.74

3.77

-1.79

-1.93

-3.06

-2.14

-2.98

1.98

2.29

2.92

1.83

2.69

-0.84

-1.08

-1.69

-1.17

-1.75

35 553

35 603

28 363

37 784

38 020

-1.13

-1.28

-2.44

-1.74

-2.39

2.96

3.02

4.55

3.49

4.52

2.29

2.34

3.06

2.74

3.77

-1.79

-1.93

-3.06

-2.14

-2.98

1.98

2.29

2.92

1.83

2.69

-0.84

-1.08

-1.69

-1.17

-1.75

53

53

54

54

54

0.98

1.00

1.02

1.00

1.02

1.04

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

0.98

0.98

0.96

0.96

0.98

0.98

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.02

1.02

1.02

0.98

0.96

1.00

1.00

1.02

1.00

1.02

1.02

%
CAD
years
%
%
%

Non-ruminants farm
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income
Adoption of specific technology
Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
acre
FTE
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
%
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD

CAD

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per farm asset
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009

727 647 707 046 706 238 691 745 850451


2 069 494 2 466 447 2 384 304 2 217 190 2 502 211
670 653 731 334 865 372 924 083 1021875
1 398 841 1 735 113 1 518 932 1 293 107 1 480 336
311
287
235
191
201

1.05
0.94
1.27
0.78
1.05

0.79
0.81
0.99
0.74
0.67

0.78
0.81
0.85
0.79
0.75

0.71
0.77
1.09
0.55
0.46

0.77
0.75
0.93
0.62
0.59

0.98
1.18
0.81
1.35
1.15

0.93
1.06
0.84
1.15
1.20

0.83
0.93
0.83
0.99
0.86

0.71
0.89
0.67
1.04
1.14

0.83
1.08
0.74
1.31
1.28

0.55
0.49
0.59
0.44
0.24

0.59
0.49
0.64
0.43
0.29

0.62
0.59
0.63
0.56
0.34

0.63
0.57
0.60
0.56
0.61

0.65
0.63
0.64
0.62
0.59

1.53
1.63
1.44
1.73
0.88

0.80
0.78
1.03
0.68
0.32

0.66
0.63
0.79
0.55
0.26

0.92
0.86
1.18
0.62
0.17

1.14
0.84
1.22
0.58
0.16

1.49
1.66
1.77
1.63
1.02

1.33
1.49
1.53
1.48
0.60

1.63
1.53
1.56
1.53
0.47

1.31
1.40
1.61
1.36
0.39

0.85
1.01
1.07
0.99
0.49

1.57
1.61
1.56
1.64
1.03

1.34
1.50
1.40
1.54
1.03

1.36
1.34
1.30
1.36
0.93

1.44
1.43
1.51
1.37
1.11

1.31
1.14
1.33
1.01
1.26

50 346
39 910
39910

66 294
55 147
55147

86 844
81 185
81185

123 429
119 471
119471

147 003
139447
139 447

1.42
1.64
1.64

1.43
1.65
1.65

1.42
1.47
1.47

1.60
1.63
1.63

1.66
1.75
1.75

0.82
0.64
0.64

0.69
0.62
0.62

0.61
0.57
0.57

0.30
0.28
0.28

0.92
0.27
0.27

0.45
0.51
0.51

0.59
0.69
0.69

0.76
0.81
0.81

0.86
0.89
0.89

0.82
0.82
0.82

1.65
1.62
1.62

0.83
0.94
0.94

0.73
0.77
0.77

0.91
0.93
0.93

0.90
0.95
0.95

1.76
1.54
1.54

1.33
1.09
1.09

1.72
1.44
1.44

1.68
1.61
1.61

0.84
0.73
0.73

1.48
1.48
1.48

1.31
1.16
1.16

1.22
1.19
1.19

1.15
1.14
1.14

1.00
1.05
1.05

10436
6.6
767 557
668 803
98 754

11147
8.7
762 193
690 784
71 409

5659
11.0
787 423
736 901
50 522

3958
15.2
811 216
798 124
13 092

7556
14.9
989898
966 739
23159

0.60
1.32
1.08
1.30
-0.42

0.33
1.67
0.85
1.07
-1.22

0.62
1.67
0.85
1.04
-1.98

0.47
1.89
0.84
0.99
-8.34

0.00
1.82
0.91
1.04
-4.55

1.48
0.85
0.96
0.74
2.51

1.05
0.76
0.91
0.67
3.26

1.09
0.76
0.80
0.57
4.18

0.78
0.46
0.65
0.49
10.51

1.30
1.23
0.75
0.58
7.77

0.20
0.81
0.55
0.48
1.02

0.13
1.00
0.59
0.50
1.46

0.03
1.18
0.64
0.51
2.56

0.00
1.30
0.67
0.54
8.67

0.91
1.22
0.68
0.56
5.51

1.76
1.07
1.54
1.70
0.41

0.27
1.02
0.81
1.04
-1.40

0.09
1.08
0.67
0.86
-2.08

0.25
0.99
0.92
1.16
-13.54

0.00
0.80
1.12
1.33
-7.99

2.52
1.18
1.49
1.86
-0.36

1.98
1.01
1.31
1.69
-2.07

2.41
1.06
1.62
1.99
-0.39

2.08
1.26
1.33
1.72
-0.89

1.17
0.99
0.84
1.14
-0.88

1.50
0.95
1.56
1.75
0.29

2.08
0.99
1.33
1.52
-0.50

1.67
0.91
1.35
1.49
-0.78

1.75
0.83
1.40
1.56
-8.60

0.00
0.79
1.27
1.46
-6.70

98 754

71 409

50 522

13 092

23 159

-0.42

-1.22

-1.98

-8.34

-4.55

2.51

3.26

4.18

10.51

7.77

1.02

1.46

2.56

8.67

5.51

0.41

-1.40

-2.08

-13.54

-7.99

-0.36

-2.07

-0.39

-0.89

-0.88

0.29

-0.50

-0.78

-8.60

-6.70

98 754

71 409

50 522

13 092

23 159

-0.42

-1.22

-1.98

-8.34

-4.55

2.51

3.26

4.18

10.51

7.77

1.02

1.46

2.56

8.67

5.51

0.41

-1.40

-2.08

-13.54

-7.99

-0.36

-2.07

-0.39

-0.89

-0.88

0.29

-0.50

-0.78

-8.60

-6.70

49

51

50

50

52

1.02

1.02

1.06

1.02

1.02

0.98

0.96

0.94

0.98

0.96

0.94

0.92

0.94

0.98

0.94

1.08

1.02

1.02

1.00

1.02

1.00

1.09

1.07

1.04

1.09

1.06

1.04

1.04

1.04

1.02

%
CAD
years
%
%
%

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

81

Mixed farm
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income
Adoption of specific technology
Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
acre
FTE
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
%
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD
CAD

CAD

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per farm asset
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009 2004 2006 2007 2008
2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009
2004
2006
2007 2008 2009 2004 2006
2007
2008
2009 2004 2006 2007 2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009

425,289 317,053 410,797 398,580 413411


1,414,395 1,359,597 1,991,866 1,817,702 1,833,773
320,055 271,085 300,487 284,848 345990
1,094,340 1,088,512 1,691,379 1,532,854 1,487,783
340
300
341
337
292

0.60
1.04
1.25
0.99
1.34

0.63
1.04
1.11
1.02
1.17

0.70
0.88
1.00
0.86
0.77

0.67
0.94
1.20
0.89
0.99

0.58
0.90
1.00
0.87
0.80

0.81
0.84
0.82
0.85
1.11

0.89
1.04
0.96
1.06
1.02

0.98
1.10
0.80
1.15
1.29

0.79
0.95
0.46
1.04
1.03

0.93
0.97
0.93
0.98
0.78

0.66
1.07
1.25
1.00
1.29

0.79
0.97
1.19
0.93
0.40

0.87
0.89
1.12
0.86
0.60

0.81
0.97
1.35
0.94
0.63

0.78
1.13
1.17
1.08
0.57

1.73
1.03
1.12
1.00
0.09

1.40
0.89
0.90
1.00
0.16

1.27
0.86
1.09
1.00
0.13

1.32
0.85
1.02
1.00
0.13

1.54
0.97
1.18
1.00
0.30

0.51
0.44
0.48
0.42
1.34

0.57
0.49
0.58
0.47
1.20

0.57
0.51
0.48
0.52
0.78

0.48
0.47
0.42
0.47
0.89

0.70
0.44
0.55
0.42
0.82

1.49
1.66
1.77
1.63
1.52

1.33
1.49
1.53
1.48
1.38

1.63
1.53
1.56
1.53
1.22

1.31
1.40
1.61
1.36
1.20

0.85
1.01
1.07
0.99
0.72

18,676
14,419
14419

27,625
20,350
20350

33,783
23,968
23968

29,658
25,498
25498

24,197
18126
18,126

1.53
1.90
1.90

1.45
1.83
1.83

1.33
1.73
1.73

1.41
1.58
1.58

2.02
1.40
1.40

0.46
0.44
0.44

0.68
0.49
0.49

0.70
0.49
0.49

0.25
0.24
0.24

7.04
0.55
0.55

1.00
1.85
1.00

1.00
1.78
1.00

1.00
1.69
1.00

1.00
1.43
1.00

1.00
1.24
1.00

1.00
0.38
1.00

1.00
0.21
1.00

1.00
0.63
1.00

1.00
0.42
1.00

1.00
0.71
1.00

0.45
0.57
0.57

0.62
0.64
0.64

0.53
0.73
0.73

0.46
0.50
0.50

1.01
1.03
1.03

1.76
1.54
1.54

1.33
1.09
1.09

1.72
1.44
1.44

1.68
1.61
1.61

2.32
0.73
0.73

4257
0.0
439,708
365,610
74,098

7275
0.1
337,403
303,710
33,693

9815
0.1
434,765
366,909
67,856

4160
0.1
424,078
360,160
63,918

6071
0.1
431537
367,599
63938

0.25
2.39
0.64
0.90
-0.67

0.36
2.05
0.71
1.01
-2.05

0.37
1.76
0.76
1.09
-1.02

0.34
1.93
0.73
1.05
-1.09

3.87
3.29
0.61
0.88
-0.91

0.53
0.58
0.80
0.52
2.18

1.19
0.79
0.86
0.56
3.62

1.23
0.74
0.95
0.60
2.85

0.31
0.34
0.75
0.48
2.27

2.64
0.77
0.92
0.61
2.71

0.27
1.51
1.00
0.98
1.00

0.87
1.26
1.00
1.18
1.00

0.82
1.14
1.00
1.28
1.00

1.06
1.24
1.00
1.19
1.00

0.24
1.28
1.00
1.11
1.00

1.04
0.58
1.00
1.58
1.00

1.94
0.72
1.00
1.14
1.00

1.41
0.79
1.00
1.00
1.00

1.63
0.76
1.00
1.11
1.00

2.91
0.65
1.00
1.27
1.00

0.05
0.89
0.51
0.38
1.13

0.55
1.08
0.57
0.42
1.96

0.03
0.91
0.58
0.39
1.62

0.22
0.96
0.49
0.35
1.26

0.93
1.41
0.71
0.55
1.65

2.52
1.18
1.49
1.86
-0.36

1.98
1.01
1.31
1.69
-2.07

2.41
1.06
1.62
1.99
-0.39

2.08
1.26
1.33
1.72
-0.89

7.09
2.76
0.84
1.14
-0.88

74,098

33,693

67,856

63,918

63,938

-0.67

-2.05

-1.02

-1.09

-0.91

2.18

3.62

2.85

2.27

2.71

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.13

1.96

1.62

1.26

1.65

-0.36

-2.07

-0.39

-0.89

-0.88

74,098

33,693

67,856

63,918

63,938

-0.67

-2.05

-1.02

-1.09

-0.91

2.18

3.62

2.85

2.27

2.71

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.13

1.96

1.62

1.26

1.65

-0.36

-2.07

-0.39

-0.89

-0.88

53

53

56

56

54

1.04

1.04

1.05

1.04

1.07

0.98

1.04

0.96

1.02

1.00

1.04

1.08

1.05

1.05

1.07

0.98

1.04

0.95

0.95

0.94

0.94

0.98

0.93

0.96

0.96

1.00

1.09

1.07

1.04

1.09

%
CAD
years
%
%
%

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

82 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


Annex Table B.8 Average characteristics of high and low performers, Estonia, for selected farm types, by performance indicator, 2004-09
All farm types
Output-input ratio
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007

2008

2009

Net operating income per working unit

Net operating income per UAA

Net operating income per net worth

Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009

EEK
EEK
EEK
EEK
hectare
FTE

984 945 1 074 185 1 272 667 1 194 250 1 128 728
2 221 228 2 664 960 3 035 637 3 161 994 3 305 239
484 155
736 843
822 014
950 590 1 009 664
1 737 072 1 928 116 2 213 623 2 211 405 2 295 576
117
116
123
123
127
3.3
3.0
2.8
2.5
2.5

0.68
0.9
0.88
0.9
1.1
0.9

0.89
1.0
1.44
0.9
1.25
1.0

0.39
0.6
0.57
0.6
0.82
0.8

0.46
0.7
1.09
0.6
0.94
0.9

0.55
0.9
1.20
0.8
1.15
0.8

0.65
0.7
0.46
0.7
0.62
0.7

0.49
0.6
0.32
0.7
0.48
0.6

0.82
0.8
0.57
0.9
0.89
0.6

0.55
0.7
0.40
0.8
0.52
0.6

0.54
0.6
0.31
0.7
0.56
0.6

1.13
1.6
1.91
1.5
1.54
1.0

1.82
2.0
2.64
1.8
2.15
1.5

1.59
1.7
2.04
1.6
1.59
1.5

2.11
2.2
2.89
1.9
2.19
1.4

2.07
2.3
2.85
2.0
2.34
1.4

1.10
0.8
0.73
0.8
0.80
0.8

1.04
0.8
0.55
0.9
0.52
0.8

1.18
1.0
0.85
1.1
1.14
0.7

0.57
0.6
0.28
0.7
0.44
0.6

0.54
0.4
0.30
0.5
0.36
0.6

1.40
1.8
2.13
1.7
1.46
1.5

1.84
2.0
2.65
1.7
1.83
1.7

1.41
1.5
1.82
1.4
1.28
1.5

1.74
1.9
2.57
1.5
1.70
1.6

2.07
2.1
2.68
1.9
1.81
1.9

0.78
0.5
0.49
0.5
0.45
0.7

0.64
0.6
0.45
0.6
0.39
0.8

0.98
0.8
0.64
0.9
0.86
0.7

0.55
0.6
0.27
0.7
0.44
0.6

0.57
0.4
0.31
0.5
0.40
0.6

0.88
1.1
1.73
1.0
1.17
0.9

1.76
1.7
2.61
1.3
1.95
1.6

0.97
1.0
1.41
0.8
1.23
1.1

1.58
1.5
2.35
1.1
1.76
1.5

1.34
1.4
2.18
1.1
1.65
1.3

0.82
0.5
0.54
0.4
0.54
0.7

0.69
0.5
0.53
0.5
0.48
0.8

0.97
0.8
0.70
0.8
0.97
0.7

0.57
0.6
0.29
0.7
0.45
0.6

0.57
0.5
0.35
0.5
0.39
0.6

EEK
EEK
EEK
EEK
EEK
EEK
%
EEK
EEK
EEK
EEK
EEK

413 895
370 734
353 838
488 734
448 223
247 197
264 849
308 136
458 291
418 982
101 386
143 171
184 320
209 413
201 456
141 028
113 309
123 586
248 450
217 275
4 783
8 369
230
427
251
166 697
105 885
45 702
30 444
29 241
33.6
27.7
22.4
29.6
29.0
1 232 143 1 339 034 1 580 803 1 652 540 1 547 710
839 598
999 567 1 055 607 1 180 833 1 177 958
392 545
339 467
525 195
471 707
369 752
103 811
110 802
146 073
176 388
188 144
288 734
228 666
379 122
295 319
181 608

0.9
1.14
1.1
1.14
1.4
0.64
1.2
0.77
0.9
0.48
0.9
0.3

1.2
1.26
1.2
1.30
0.8
0.89
1.2
0.97
1.2
0.35
1.0
0.04

0.8
0.83
0.7
1.06
0.0
0.76
1.7
0.47
0.6
0.26
0.5
0.15

0.9
0.90
0.9
0.92
2.8
0.43
1.5
0.58
0.7
0.25
0.6
0.02

1.2
1.27
1.1
1.45
0.8
0.73
1.7
0.75
0.8
0.59
1.0
0.19

0.5
0.50
0.6
0.46
0.3
0.57
0.8
0.62
0.4
1.00
0.6
1.14

0.5
0.49
0.4
0.55
1.0
0.36
0.9
0.49
0.3
1.02
0.5
1.27

0.7
0.75
0.8
0.66
0.6
0.36
0.9
0.81
0.5
1.37
0.8
1.59

0.5
0.52
0.5
0.56
0.1
0.41
0.9
0.54
0.4
1.01
0.5
1.29

0.6
0.62
0.5
0.75
0.1
0.35
1.1
0.56
0.4
1.21
0.5
1.93

1.6
2.00
1.6
2.29
2.9
1.04
1.2
1.31
1.3
1.23
1.9
1.0

2.1
2.17
2.3
2.09
1.7
1.89
1.1
1.89
2.1
1.26
2.3
0.74

1.7
1.73
1.7
1.84
1.9
1.84
1.1
1.62
1.9
1.14
2.1
0.78

2.4
2.41
2.3
2.53
3.3
1.87
1.1
2.19
2.3
1.86
2.6
1.41

2.3
2.36
2.4
2.28
2.3
1.83
1.1
2.15
2.2
1.84
2.7
0.93

0.7
0.62
0.8
0.52
0.6
0.93
0.7
1.00
0.9
1.29
0.7
1.52

0.6
0.53
0.5
0.57
0.7
0.70
0.6
0.94
0.8
1.36
0.6
1.70

0.9
0.96
1.1
0.75
1.2
0.59
0.8
1.14
0.9
1.70
0.9
1.99

0.4
0.36
0.4
0.33
0.0
0.46
0.7
0.51
0.4
0.79
0.3
1.08

0.4
0.36
0.3
0.42
0.1
0.46
0.7
0.49
0.4
0.77
0.2
1.4

1.8
1.94
1.6
2.18
2.3
1.47
1.2
1.51
1.6
1.25
2.1
0.96

2.0
1.92
2.0
1.85
1.6
2.12
1.1
1.85
2.1
1.03
2.3
0.43

1.5
1.42
1.4
1.47
1.4
1.85
1.0
1.41
1.7
0.91
1.7
0.59

1.8
1.81
1.8
1.77
3.7
1.27
1.0
1.76
2.0
1.19
2.2
0.57

1.9
1.86
2.0
1.70
1.4
1.88
0.9
2.02
2.3
1.18
2.4
-0.11

0.4
0.31
0.4
0.25
0.1
0.58
0.6
0.68
0.6
0.85
0.3
1.04

0.4
0.39
0.3
0.43
0.6
0.48
0.7
0.59
0.5
1.01
0.4
1.31

0.7
0.73
0.8
0.59
1.0
0.49
0.8
0.93
0.7
1.41
0.7
1.67

0.4
0.37
0.4
0.33
0.0
0.44
0.7
0.50
0.4
0.79
0.3
1.1

0.4
0.39
0.3
0.45
0.1
0.47
0.8
0.52
0.4
0.81
0.2
1.45

1.3
1.62
1.2
1.92
1.9
0.83
1.3
1.03
1.1
0.87
1.5
0.65

2.0
2.00
2.1
1.90
1.6
1.98
1.1
1.81
2.1
1.03
2.1
0.52

1.3
1.30
1.2
1.48
1.4
1.20
1.2
1.04
1.2
0.69
1.3
0.44

1.7
1.72
1.8
1.63
3.4
1.42
1.0
1.62
1.9
0.96
1.8
0.43

1.7
1.76
1.7
1.84
2.2
1.24
1.2
1.46
1.6
1.08
1.8
0.33

0.5
0.36
0.5
0.29
0.0
0.62
0.6
0.73
0.6
0.90
0.3
1.11

0.5
0.48
0.4
0.53
0.7
0.54
0.8
0.65
0.5
1.08
0.4
1.40

0.8
0.82
0.9
0.69
1.2
0.50
0.8
0.94
0.7
1.45
0.7
1.7

0.4
0.37
0.4
0.33
0.0
0.46
0.7
0.51
0.4
0.79
0.3
1.06

0.4
0.40
0.3
0.48
0.1
0.47
0.8
0.53
0.4
0.84
0.3
1.44

EEK
EEK
%

392 545

339 467

525 195

471 707

369 752

0.5

0.3

0.3

0.2

0.6

1.0

1.0

1.4

1.0

1.2

1.2

1.3

1.1

1.9

1.8

1.3

1.4

1.7

0.8

0.8

1.3

1.0

0.9

1.2

1.2

0.9

1.0

1.4

0.8

0.8

0.9

1.0

0.7

1.0

1.1

0.9

1.1

1.4

0.8

0.8

%
EEK

16.2
183 347

23.4
207 586

26.9
162 940

27.7
266 212

24.9
22 890

1.3
0.5

1.49
1.0

1.83
0.1

1.35
0.5

1.61
1.0

0.37
0.4

0.71
0.4

0.65
1.0

0.87
0.8

0.71
5.1

1.5
1.9

1.16
2.2

1.49
1.5

0.78
2.8

0.99
-2.5

0.15
0.7

0.58
0.9

0.14
1.4

0.82
0.4

0.8
4.3

1.39
2.7

1.19
2.2

1.06
1.0

0.70
1.7

0.96
-7.7

0.55
0.5

0.57
0.7

0.49
1.1

0.8
0.5

0.72
4.3

1.39
1.9

1.18
2.0

1.53
1.4

1.04
1.5

1.11
0.7

0.33
0.6

0.76
0.7

0.5
1.1

0.81
0.4

0.69
3.9

45%

51%

53%

54%

54%

1.1

0.92

1.30

1.08

1.12

1.02

1.03

0.73

0.95

1.01

1.0

1.04

1.31

1.11

1.08

1.01

1.07

0.69

0.92

1.0

0.81

0.94

1.38

0.95

0.95

1.01

1.01

0.68

0.9

1.02

0.97

0.97

1.29

1.06

1.09

1.06

1.01

0.7

0.91

1.02

years
%
%

Field crop farm


Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

EEK
EEK
EEK
EEK
hectare
FTE

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007

2008

2009

424 816
504 485
887 241
729 273
642 500
1 366 399 1 780 291 2 247 551 2 467 242 2 377 519
259 255
395 553
522 588
658 499
623 399
1 107 145 1 384 737 1 724 963 1 808 743 1 754 120
92
105
116
121
123
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.7
1.5

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
0.69
0.8
0.88
0.8
1.0
1.0

0.87
1.0
1.50
0.9
1.23
1.1

0.40
0.6
0.64
0.6
0.79
1.0

0.70
0.8
1.03
0.8
1.07
1.1

0.79
1.0
1.26
0.9
1.13
1.1

0.66
0.5
0.64
0.4
0.46
0.7

0.43
0.5
0.31
0.6
0.30
0.5

0.84
0.8
0.68
0.8
0.69
0.7

1.12
1.2
1.01
1.2
0.90
0.8

0.41
0.5
0.21
0.6
0.45
0.6

1.75
2.0
2.45
1.9
2.01
1.1

1.95
2.0
2.81
1.7
2.09
1.3

0.80
1.0
1.36
0.8
1.15
1.0

2.31
2.2
2.94
1.9
2.30
1.3

2.42
2.3
2.91
2.1
2.45
1.4

1.06
0.8
0.74
0.8
0.76
0.9

0.96
0.8
0.53
0.9
0.66
1.0

2.19
1.7
1.72
1.7
1.68
1.0

0.61
0.6
0.20
0.7
0.43
0.7

0.58
0.4
0.32
0.5
0.45
0.9

1.15
1.5
1.83
1.4
1.34
1.1

1.61
1.7
2.58
1.5
1.69
1.3

0.55
0.9
1.04
0.8
0.79
1.0

1.72
1.8
2.43
1.6
1.74
1.5

1.28
1.6
2.01
1.4
1.38
1.3

0.88
0.7
0.64
0.7
0.55
1.0

0.66
0.6
0.30
0.7
0.41
1.0

1.58
1.3
1.09
1.3
1.11
0.9

0.55
0.5
0.16
0.6
0.37
0.7

0.53
0.4
0.28
0.5
0.44
0.9

1.20
1.3
2.10
1.1
1.47
1.0

1.51
1.5
2.51
1.2
1.80
1.2

0.73
0.8
1.37
0.7
1.08
1.0

1.61
1.4
2.33
1.1
1.78
1.3

1.44
1.4
2.24
1.1
1.67
1.2

0.83
0.6
0.66
0.6
0.55
0.9

0.74
0.5
0.52
0.5
0.50
1.0

1.70
1.2
1.33
1.2
1.30
0.9

0.62
0.6
0.25
0.7
0.46
0.7

0.55
0.4
0.35
0.5
0.48
0.9

1.0
0.98
1.0
0.92
1.7
1.07
1.3
0.78
1.0
0.42
0.7
0.3

1.3
1.29
1.3
1.41
0.6
1.27
1.3
1.00
1.3
0.56
1.1
0.33

0.9
0.86
0.7
1.15
0.0
1.77
1.8
0.50
0.7
0.31
0.6
0.25

1.0
1.01
1.1
0.92
3.8
1.52
1.3
0.81
1.1
0.40
0.9
0.13

1.2
1.17
1.2
1.15
0.7
1.44
1.3
0.93
1.2
0.41
1.1
-0.25

0.4
0.36
0.4
0.32
0.1
0.56
0.7
0.59
0.5
0.88
0.3
1.07

0.3
0.33
0.2
0.48
0.3
0.22
0.7
0.41
0.3
0.83
0.3
1.12

0.6
0.63
0.6
0.60
2.0
0.65
0.8
0.79
0.6
1.17
1.0
1.23

1.1
1.15
0.9
1.36
0.7
1.12
1.0
1.13
0.9
1.83
1.3
2.13

0.5
0.45
0.4
0.51
0.0
0.48
1.1
0.42
0.3
0.88
0.4
1.47

2.5
2.56
2.2
2.82
2.8
1.50
1.3
2.00
2.1
1.91
2.7
1.6

2.1
2.08
2.2
1.95
1.6
1.47
1.0
1.99
2.3
1.53
2.6
1.09

1.2
1.20
1.1
1.37
0.0
1.16
1.4
0.89
1.1
0.65
1.3
0.47

2.6
2.57
2.4
2.68
3.7
1.76
1.1
2.41
2.6
2.12
2.8
1.75

2.4
2.38
2.6
2.20
1.9
1.88
1.0
2.41
2.7
1.84
3.0
0.79

0.6
0.59
0.7
0.55
0.3
1.21
0.7
0.91
0.7
1.16
0.5
1.42

0.6
0.61
0.6
0.63
0.5
0.54
0.7
0.85
0.6
1.20
0.6
1.46

1.6
1.62
1.8
1.29
3.6
1.34
0.8
2.07
1.8
2.38
1.7
2.56

0.3
0.32
0.3
0.29
0.0
0.57
0.6
0.50
0.4
0.72
0.3
0.98

0.4
0.43
0.3
0.50
0.0
0.37
0.8
0.52
0.4
0.82
0.2
1.4

1.8
1.80
1.4
2.09
1.8
1.11
1.3
1.35
1.5
1.20
2.1
0.85

1.7
1.75
1.8
1.73
1.8
1.53
1.1
1.65
2.0
1.13
2.3
0.66

0.9
0.83
0.7
1.08
0.0
1.53
1.4
0.61
0.8
0.37
1.0
0.21

1.8
1.77
1.9
1.68
4.0
2.08
1.0
1.74
2.1
1.16
2.3
0.49

1.5
1.54
1.5
1.62
2.5
1.37
1.1
1.38
1.6
0.87
2.0
-0.13

0.4
0.38
0.5
0.35
0.0
1.09
0.6
0.73
0.6
0.93
0.4
1.15

0.4
0.41
0.3
0.52
0.3
0.50
0.7
0.58
0.4
0.89
0.4
1.11

1.1
1.10
1.2
0.99
0.5
1.26
0.7
1.48
1.2
1.84
1.2
2.01

0.3
0.25
0.3
0.23
0.0
0.43
0.6
0.44
0.3
0.61
0.2
0.8

0.4
0.41
0.3
0.47
0.0
0.34
0.8
0.48
0.3
0.78
0.2
1.31

1.9
1.92
1.6
2.21
1.4
0.87
1.3
1.42
1.6
1.25
2.1
0.92

1.8
1.90
1.9
1.96
1.5
0.59
1.1
1.63
1.9
1.23
2.1
0.88

1.2
1.15
1.0
1.37
0.0
1.27
1.4
0.82
1.1
0.56
1.2
0.40

1.7
1.73
1.9
1.61
4.0
1.99
1.0
1.65
2.0
1.10
2.0
0.58

1.8
1.78
1.7
1.82
2.5
1.66
1.1
1.57
1.8
1.06
1.9
0.31

0.4
0.38
0.4
0.35
0.0
1.10
0.6
0.69
0.6
0.88
0.4
1.09

0.5
0.50
0.4
0.59
0.4
0.52
0.8
0.67
0.5
0.93
0.4
1.14

1.3
1.27
1.4
1.08
3.0
1.17
0.8
1.61
1.4
1.88
1.1
2.1

0.3
0.33
0.4
0.29
0.0
0.57
0.6
0.52
0.4
0.71
0.3
0.94

0.4
0.42
0.4
0.47
0.0
0.37
0.8
0.50
0.4
0.79
0.3
1.23

EEK
EEK
EEK
EEK
EEK
EEK
%
EEK
EEK
EEK
EEK
EEK

196 314
186 364
74 942
106 147
5 275
9 950
32.1
611 180
352 850
258 330
74 724
183 606

234 649
250 709
429 092
397 232
223 881
241 014
420 966
389 486
127 088
153 718
187 095
181 695
86 658
87 278
233 760
207 658
10 136
19
111
134
10 768
9 695
8 126
7 746
32.2
22.2
37.3
38.5
728 367 1 128 255 1 150 239 1 031 987
451 254
596 185
712 982
683 380
277 113
532 070
437 257
348 606
80 581
111 279
159 164
165 161
196 533
420 792
278 093
183 446

EEK
EEK
%

258 330

277 113

532 070

437 257

348 606

0.4

0.6

0.3

0.4

0.4

0.9

0.8

1.2

1.8

0.9

1.9

1.5

0.7

2.1

1.8

1.2

1.2

2.4

0.7

0.8

1.2

1.1

0.4

1.2

0.9

0.9

0.9

1.8

0.6

0.8

1.2

1.2

0.6

1.1

1.1

0.9

0.9

1.9

0.7

0.8

%
EEK

11.3
0

18.9
0

14.9
0

18.2
0

9.6
0

1.0
0.4

1.07
1.7

1.69
0.4

1.43
0.2

1.97
0.1

0.00
0.3

0.14
0.5

0.61
1.0

0.46
1.4

1.33
-0.1

0.4
2.9

0.68
2.6

1.30
0.8

0.41
3.0

0.40
-2.2

0.15
0.8

0.46
0.6

0.00
2.1

0.69
0.3

0.3
4.1

0.75
1.9

0.73
2.6

0.54
0.3

0.83
1.2

1.77
-1.8

0.98
0.6

1.20
0.2

0.70
1.4

0.7
0.2

0.22
3.4

0.07
2.3

1.11
2.4

1.43
0.9

1.23
1.4

1.82
-0.6

0.97
0.6

1.29
0.4

0.7
1.6

0.68
0.3

0.28
2.9

34%

47%

45%

41%

46%

1.0

0.83

1.62

0.95

1.24

1.03

1.24

1.18

1.11

1.05

1.1

0.94

1.65

1.12

1.14

1.18

1.19

0.62

1.09

0.9

0.91

0.84

1.80

1.24

1.16

1.07

1.18

0.65

1.0

1.10

1.31

1.08

1.75

1.49

1.15

1.11

1.15

0.6

1.08

1.10

years
%
%

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

83

Dairy farm
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

EEK
EEK
EEK
EEK
hectare
FTE
EEK
EEK
EEK
EEK
EEK
EEK
%
EEK
EEK
EEK
EEK
EEK

2004
1 718 831
3 770 396
794 208
2 976 188
184.3
5.6

Average in farm type


2006
2007
1 533 040
3 435 341
1 029 098
2 406 243
152.0
4.6

2 574 400
5 687 599
1 792 942
3 894 657
195.0
5.5

2008

2 353 906
5 103 259
1 574 335
3 528 924
170.3
4.4

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2 347 745
5 960 318
2 096 702
3 863 616
179.3
4.9

1.60
1.8
2.34
1.6
1.67
1.7

1.61
1.7
2.15
1.5
1.63
1.7

0.39
0.4
0.30
0.5
0.64
0.7

0.83
1.0
1.32
0.9
1.12
1.1

0.63
0.8
1.24
0.6
0.90
0.8

0.81
0.8
0.55
0.8
0.74
0.7

0.72
0.7
0.41
0.8
0.64
0.7

0.75
0.7
0.48
0.8
0.79
0.7

0.43
0.5
0.31
0.6
0.47
0.5

0.40
0.4
0.22
0.6
0.48
0.4

1.73
2.1
2.52
2.0
1.83
1.8

2.06
2.3
3.00
2.0
2.10
1.8

2.22
2.3
2.46
2.3
2.09
2.0

1.87
2.1
2.66
1.9
1.98
1.7

2.33
2.5
3.21
2.1
2.19
1.7

0.93
0.8
0.64
0.9
0.86
0.7

0.70
0.6
0.33
0.7
0.60
0.7

0.60
0.6
0.65
0.5
0.56
0.5

0.56
0.5
0.34
0.6
0.44
0.5

0.25
0.3
0.09
0.4
0.29
0.4

1.84
2.1
2.48
2.0
1.92
1.9

2.09
2.2
2.84
1.9
1.96
1.9

2.26
2.3
2.40
2.2
1.97
2.1

1.73
1.8
2.40
1.6
1.75
1.8

3.25
3.2
3.93
2.8
2.67
2.8

0.52
0.4
0.32
0.4
0.45
0.5

0.64
0.6
0.30
0.7
0.53
0.7

0.41
0.3
0.21
0.4
0.40
0.4

0.57
0.5
0.34
0.6
0.44
0.5

0.25
0.3
0.11
0.4
0.33
0.3

1.75
2.1
2.51
2.0
1.87
1.9

1.98
2.1
2.86
1.8
1.93
1.9

1.19
1.2
1.39
1.1
1.31
1.3

1.66
1.7
2.35
1.4
1.73
1.7

1.56
1.6
2.33
1.3
1.77
1.5

0.50
0.3
0.30
0.3
0.49
0.5

0.70
0.6
0.32
0.7
0.63
0.7

0.45
0.4
0.25
0.4
0.45
0.4

0.61
0.5
0.37
0.6
0.46
0.5

0.28
0.4
0.15
0.5
0.33
0.4

854 257
654 208
694 966
740 070
679 401
385 562
365 867
549 027
683 545
620 738
173 840
198 110
362 932
357 624
333 491
209 930
163 930
185 545
325 453
287 082
1 792
3 828
550
467
165
468 695
288 340
145 939
56 525
58 663
40.6
34.5
22.3
24.4
22.9
2 104 393 1 898 908 3 123 427 3 037 451 2 968 483
1 421 347 1 442 856 2 306 900 2 313 862 2 470 903
683 046
456 052
816 527
723 589
497 580
162 287
155 715
294 119
271 720
310 796
520 759
300 337
522 408
451 869
186 784

1.8
1.99
1.8
2.16
0.4
1.69
1.1
1.67
1.9
1.28
1.6
1.2

1.6
1.75
1.7
1.83
1.5
1.50
1.0
1.64
1.9
0.84
1.8
0.37

0.6
0.59
0.5
0.75
0.1
0.42
1.3
0.43
0.5
0.25
0.6
0.07

0.8
0.87
1.0
0.72
2.2
0.52
1.0
0.84
1.0
0.20
1.0
-0.25

1.1
1.13
0.8
1.54
0.0
0.52
1.5
0.73
0.8
0.54
0.9
0.01

0.7
0.61
0.7
0.54
2.9
0.72
0.9
0.77
0.6
1.13
0.8
1.23

0.7
0.63
0.6
0.66
1.0
0.82
1.0
0.71
0.5
1.28
0.6
1.63

0.7
0.74
0.7
0.76
0.4
0.73
1.0
0.75
0.6
1.19
0.9
1.36

0.5
0.48
0.4
0.53
0.1
0.58
1.1
0.44
0.3
0.88
0.4
1.16

0.6
0.61
0.4
0.84
1.0
0.34
1.3
0.44
0.3
1.20
0.4
2.57

2.0
2.20
2.0
2.41
0.4
1.84
1.1
1.82
2.0
1.52
2.2
1.3

2.1
2.22
2.2
2.29
1.7
1.97
1.0
2.09
2.3
1.40
2.6
0.80

2.1
2.17
2.2
2.18
3.6
2.02
1.0
2.21
2.3
1.88
2.7
1.45

2.1
2.10
2.0
2.25
3.9
1.51
1.1
1.92
2.1
1.40
2.2
0.92

2.3
2.27
2.2
2.35
1.6
2.20
1.0
2.32
2.4
1.79
2.5
0.56

0.8
0.68
0.8
0.58
3.1
0.86
0.9
0.89
0.7
1.24
0.8
1.36

0.7
0.58
0.6
0.60
0.8
0.79
1.0
0.68
0.5
1.19
0.5
1.55

0.6
0.58
0.5
0.66
0.0
0.71
1.0
0.59
0.5
0.86
0.4
1.15

0.4
0.38
0.4
0.30
0.0
0.61
0.8
0.52
0.4
0.79
0.4
1.05

0.3
0.31
0.3
0.36
0.9
0.17
1.1
0.26
0.2
0.65
0.1
1.5

2.1
2.24
2.1
2.38
0.4
1.95
1.1
1.91
2.1
1.58
2.2
1.39

2.1
2.08
2.1
2.08
1.7
2.03
1.0
2.09
2.4
1.24
2.4
0.64

2.1
2.09
2.1
1.99
3.1
2.09
0.9
2.23
2.4
1.80
2.6
1.34

1.8
1.88
1.8
1.98
3.9
1.41
1.0
1.77
2.0
1.11
2.0
0.58

2.6
2.58
2.9
2.18
3.5
3.07
0.8
3.11
3.4
1.81
3.3
-0.71

0.4
0.35
0.4
0.29
0.4
0.51
0.9
0.48
0.4
0.70
0.3
0.81

0.6
0.51
0.5
0.53
0.4
0.74
1.0
0.62
0.5
1.09
0.4
1.43

0.4
0.34
0.4
0.30
0.0
0.42
0.9
0.40
0.3
0.59
0.2
0.80

0.4
0.37
0.4
0.29
0.0
0.61
0.7
0.52
0.4
0.79
0.4
1.0

0.3
0.35
0.3
0.42
0.9
0.19
1.3
0.27
0.2
0.70
0.2
1.62

2.0
2.24
2.0
2.44
0.4
1.86
1.1
1.84
2.0
1.53
2.2
1.34

2.0
2.02
2.0
1.99
1.9
1.88
1.0
1.99
2.2
1.16
2.3
0.55

1.2
1.26
1.3
1.25
3.2
1.11
1.0
1.20
1.3
0.83
1.5
0.48

1.7
1.78
1.7
1.82
2.7
1.34
1.0
1.69
1.9
1.00
1.9
0.48

1.8
1.79
1.7
1.92
0.0
1.48
1.1
1.60
1.7
1.16
1.9
0.01

0.4
0.34
0.4
0.27
0.3
0.49
0.9
0.47
0.4
0.67
0.3
0.80

0.7
0.61
0.6
0.65
0.5
0.80
1.0
0.68
0.5
1.20
0.5
1.58

0.4
0.39
0.4
0.33
0.0
0.48
0.9
0.44
0.4
0.66
0.3
0.9

0.4
0.40
0.5
0.32
0.0
0.67
0.7
0.56
0.5
0.85
0.4
1.12

0.4
0.47
0.3
0.67
0.9
0.21
1.4
0.32
0.2
0.90
0.2
2.06

EEK
EEK
%

683 046

456 052

816 527

723 589

497 580

1.3

0.8

0.3

0.2

0.5

1.1

1.3

1.2

0.9

1.2

1.5

1.4

1.9

1.4

1.8

1.2

1.2

0.9

0.8

0.6

1.6

1.2

1.8

1.1

1.8

0.7

1.1

0.6

0.8

0.7

1.5

1.2

0.8

1.0

1.2

0.7

1.2

0.7

0.8

0.9

%
EEK

17.9
361 096

19.4
391 622

19.3
311 017

16.4
252 055

15.8
-97 520

1.6
3.1

1.80
1.7

1.98
0.1

1.55
-0.1

1.46
1.9

0.46
0.3

0.50
0.7

0.46
0.4

1.05
1.3

1.04
-1.4

1.5
3.2

2.16
2.9

2.06
2.1

1.52
1.2

1.74
3.4

0.29
0.4

0.36
0.6

0.32
0.9

0.32
1.2

1.3
-1.3

1.20
3.1

1.85
2.7

1.26
2.1

1.39
1.2

1.25
7.7

0.92
0.4

0.00
0.6

0.15
0.5

0.3
1.2

1.30
-1.9

1.53
3.2

1.67
2.7

1.10
2.0

1.05
1.0

0.78
4.2

0.15
0.4

0.00
0.6

0.3
0.6

0.36
1.3

1.38
-1.3

59%

62%

62%

69%

62%

0.9

0.94

1.04

0.95

0.64

0.85

0.99

0.96

1.02

1.02

0.8

1.01

0.95

0.92

0.90

0.98

0.95

0.83

0.77

1.2

0.86

1.02

1.04

0.66

0.65

0.95

0.88

0.77

0.8

1.29

0.78

1.06

1.12

0.80

0.73

1.05

0.97

0.9

0.70

1.21

years
%
%

Mixed farm
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007

2008

2009

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009

725,392
1,750,572
298,289
1,452,283
101.9
2.9

1,292,307
3,003,636
978,034
2,025,602
138.0
3.5

1,307,439
3,161,442
905,335
2,256,107
132.2
2.8

1,342,312
3,549,754
1,223,950
2,325,804
139.5
2.7

1,098,927
3,597,974
1,193,586
2,404,388
140.7
2.6

0.93
0.7
0.89
0.6
1.34
1.1

0.55
0.7
1.07
0.5
0.92
0.8

0.66
0.5
0.64
0.4
0.46
0.7

0.43
0.5
0.31
0.6
0.30
0.5

0.84
0.8
0.68
0.8
0.69
0.7

1.12
1.2
1.01
1.2
0.90
0.8

0.41
0.5
0.21
0.6
0.45
0.6

1.16
1.5
1.62
1.4
1.32
1.2

2.14
2.1
2.57
1.9
2.18
1.7

1.28
1.5
1.78
1.3
1.51
1.1

2.65
2.6
3.31
2.2
2.25
1.8

2.85
2.7
3.41
2.3
2.61
2.0

1.03
0.7
0.98
0.7
0.73
0.7

0.65
0.7
0.48
0.8
0.34
0.6

1.00
0.9
0.81
0.9
0.78
0.7

0.37
0.4
0.21
0.5
0.52
0.6

EEK
EEK
EEK
EEK
EEK
EEK
%
EEK
EEK
EEK
EEK
EEK

335,363
201,029
89,433
102,848
8,747
134,334
36.2
926,421
644,946
281,475
72,882
208,593

481,594
317,632
184,770
125,450
7,411
163,962
29.9
1,609,939
1,231,472
378,467
130,626
247,841

412,437
356,985
207,788
148,833
364
55,452
24.8
1,664,424
1,152,524
511,901
136,035
375,866

561,658
523,334
252,923
269,231
1,180
38,324
30.1
1,865,646
1,347,381
518,265
193,271
324,994

498,487
462,162
233,280
228,413
470
36,324
31.9
1,561,089
1,194,071
367,018
199,191
167,827

1.2
1.20
1.3
1.01
0.7
1.13
1.2
0.99
1.2
0.32
0.8
0.06

1.0
1.06
0.9
1.19
0.0
0.67
1.5
0.70
0.7
0.55
0.5
0.64

0.4
0.36
0.4
0.32
0.1
0.56
0.7
0.59
0.5
0.88
0.3
1.07

0.3
0.33
0.2
0.48
0.3
0.22
0.7
0.41
0.3
0.83
0.3
1.12

0.6
0.63
0.6
0.60
2.0
0.65
0.8
0.79
0.6
1.17
1.0
1.23

1.1
1.15
0.9
1.36
0.7
1.12
1.0
1.13
0.9
1.83
1.3
2.13

0.5
0.45
0.4
0.51
0.0
0.48
1.1
0.42
0.3
0.88
0.4
1.47

1.4
1.62
1.4
1.70
3.1
1.16
1.1
1.26
1.4
0.95
1.8
0.7

2.3
2.25
2.3
2.18
1.5
2.37
1.1
2.16
2.4
1.51
2.4
1.02

1.5
1.51
1.4
1.61
0.6
1.36
1.1
1.33
1.4
1.07
1.8
0.80

2.3
2.33
2.4
2.25
3.7
2.04
0.9
2.56
2.7
2.12
2.9
1.65

2.8
2.76
2.8
2.75
3.7
2.71
1.0
2.82
2.9
2.46
3.1
1.66

0.8
0.62
0.8
0.51
0.3
0.97
0.8
0.94
0.8
1.28
0.6
1.52

0.4
0.37
0.3
0.47
0.4
0.31
0.6
0.59
0.4
1.08
0.4
1.44

0.8
0.74
0.8
0.71
2.5
0.84
0.8
0.95
0.8
1.33
0.8
1.54

0.5
0.53
0.4
0.61
0.0
0.57
1.3
0.42
0.3
0.78
0.3
1.08

EEK
EEK
%

281,475

378,467

511,901

518,265

367,018

0.3

0.6

0.9

0.8

1.2

1.8

0.9

1.0

1.5

1.1

2.1

2.5

1.3

1.1

1.3

0.8

1.0

1.6

0.7

1.4

2.0

0.9

%
EEK

16.6
52,533

17.0
257,853

35.7
188,511

35.7
495,944

43.2
17,055

1.64
0.2

1.16
11.4

0.00
0.3

0.14
0.5

0.61
1.0

0.46
1.4

1.33
-0.1

2.2
0.5

1.10
2.2

1.34
2.1

1.00
3.1

1.07
4.8

0.00
1.0

0.00
0.9

0.37
1.0

1.01
0.5

0.0
0.0

2.52
0.7

1.91
2.4

1.58
0.9

0.30
2.7

0.67
5.2

0.00
0.5

51%

52%

59%

67%

54%

0.98

0.94

1.03

1.24

1.18

1.11

1.05

1.2

1.35

1.06

1.04

1.17

1.21

1.09

1.33

1.02

0.0

0.99

1.05

1.10

0.78

0.77

1.01

1.06

EEK
EEK
EEK
EEK
hectare
FTE

0.0
0.00
0.0
0.00
0.0
0.0
0.00
0.0
0.00
0.0
0.00

0.0
0.0

1.40
1.7
1.89
1.6
1.44
1.4

2.44
2.3
2.92
2.0
2.31
2.0

1.02
1.2
1.43
1.2
1.28
1.1

2.11
2.1
2.80
1.7
1.67
1.7

2.90
2.7
3.41
2.4
2.32
2.2

0.77
0.6
0.70
0.6
0.47
0.8

0.51
0.5
0.36
0.6
0.29
0.6

0.99
0.8
0.80
0.8
0.76
0.7

0.43
0.5
0.27
0.6
0.69
0.6

1.6
1.75
1.6
1.86
2.3
1.45
1.1
1.48
1.7
1.03
2.0
0.69

2.6
2.47
2.6
2.38
1.6
2.77
1.1
2.44
2.7
1.64
2.7
1.08

1.3
1.30
1.2
1.40
0.0
1.19
1.2
1.08
1.3
0.66
1.3
0.43

1.8
1.74
1.9
1.63
2.8
1.83
0.9
2.01
2.3
1.38
2.3
0.80

2.5
2.47
2.5
2.39
1.1
2.37
0.9
2.77
3.0
1.97
3.1
0.68

0.5
0.37
0.5
0.31
0.2
0.64
0.7
0.68
0.6
0.94
0.4
1.13

0.3
0.28
0.2
0.36
0.3
0.25
0.6
0.46
0.3
0.83
0.3
1.12

0.7
0.72
0.7
0.69
1.2
0.79
0.8
0.94
0.8
1.31
0.7
1.52

0.7
0.71
0.6
0.83
0.0
0.66
1.4
0.51
0.3
0.98
0.3
1.4

0.8

1.3

1.0

0.8

1.2

0.7

1.0

1.7

0.00
0.7

0.38
1.1

0.8
0.5

0.00
0.0

2.23
1.1

1.77
1.9

1.32
0.2

1.08
1.9

1.38
12.0

1.31

1.0

0.00

1.17

0.79

1.05

0.88

1.22

1.00

0.0
0.00
0.0
0.00
0.0
0.0
0.00
0.0
0.00
0.0
0.00

0.0
0.0

1.08
1.2
1.68
1.1
1.14
1.1

2.10
1.8
2.52
1.4
2.16
1.9

1.06
0.8
1.22
0.6
1.22
1.1

1.75
1.5
2.27
1.1
1.79
1.5

2.47
2.2
3.24
1.7
2.17
1.9

0.74
0.4
0.67
0.4
0.57
0.8

0.54
0.5
0.41
0.5
0.29
0.6

1.06
0.8
0.87
0.8
0.82
0.7

0.45
0.6
0.25
0.8
0.59
0.7

1.3
1.44
1.2
1.61
2.1
1.08
1.1
1.15
1.3
0.83
1.5
0.57

2.3
2.16
2.3
1.95
1.3
2.47
1.1
2.11
2.4
1.23
2.1
0.76

1.1
1.15
1.2
1.12
0.0
1.00
1.0
1.08
1.3
0.66
1.1
0.49

1.5
1.56
1.8
1.32
3.1
1.24
0.9
1.70
2.0
0.97
1.7
0.52

2.3
2.34
2.3
2.36
3.8
2.22
1.0
2.43
2.7
1.70
2.6
0.66

0.5
0.37
0.6
0.22
0.0
0.71
0.8
0.66
0.6
0.90
0.3
1.10

0.3
0.28
0.2
0.35
0.1
0.26
0.6
0.49
0.4
0.86
0.3
1.16

0.8
0.76
0.8
0.72
1.2
0.87
0.8
1.00
0.8
1.39
0.8
1.6

0.7
0.68
0.5
0.85
0.2
0.65
1.3
0.52
0.3
0.99
0.4
1.35

0.9

0.9

1.4

1.0

0.00
0.3

0.00
0.8

0.4
1.1

0.91
0.6

0.94

1.2

1.21

years
%
%

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

84 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


Annex Table B.9 Average characteristics of high and low performers, Germany, for selected farm types, by performance indicator, 2004-09
All farm types
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
hectare
FTE
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
%
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR

2004
182 840
612 565
103 647
508 918
64.5
1.9

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008
198 727
637 690
109 133
528 557
67.6
1.9

228 777
648 330
115 353
532 977
68.7
2.0

226 626
654 759
117 224
537 535
69.2
2.0

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
211 623
662 222
121 086
541 136
68.5
2.0

1.24
0.97
1.55
0.85
1.29
1.27

1.19
0.93
1.49
0.81
1.27
1.25

1.08
0.89
1.46
0.76
1.11
1.18

1.03
0.89
1.33
0.80
1.02
1.10

1.06
0.92
1.38
0.82
1.09
1.11

0.71
1.01
0.49
1.11
0.73
0.77

0.72
1.00
0.49
1.10
0.69
0.79

0.70
0.98
0.47
1.09
0.69
0.77

0.69
0.95
0.48
1.05
0.71
0.78

0.69
0.96
0.46
1.07
0.71
0.77

0.73
0.76
0.97
0.72
0.88
1.14

0.68
0.70
0.85
0.67
0.84
1.09

0.63
0.70
0.91
0.65
0.71
1.01

0.62
0.70
0.85
0.67
0.68
0.97

0.62
0.71
0.83
0.69
0.75
0.98

1.40
1.33
1.16
1.36
1.16
0.85

1.39
1.36
1.19
1.39
1.13
0.85

1.43
1.36
1.17
1.40
1.18
0.87

1.41
1.32
1.16
1.35
1.20
0.86

1.41
1.34
1.16
1.38
1.15
0.87

1.01
0.90
1.30
0.82
1.50
1.23

0.94
0.87
1.24
0.80
1.47
1.16

0.85
0.81
1.24
0.72
1.27
1.06

0.80
0.81
1.11
0.75
1.15
1.01

0.86
0.87
1.20
0.79
1.30
1.06

1.11
1.11
0.82
1.17
0.55
0.97

1.14
1.10
0.85
1.15
0.56
0.99

1.12
1.11
0.80
1.18
0.58
0.97

1.12
1.08
0.81
1.14
0.58
0.99

1.17
1.09
0.84
1.15
0.59
1.02

0.44
0.90
0.65
0.95
0.47
0.67

0.46
0.89
0.62
0.95
0.50
0.69

0.45
0.87
0.70
0.91
0.46
0.67

0.44
0.85
0.65
0.90
0.49
0.65

0.47
0.86
0.63
0.91
0.53
0.69

1.54
0.74
1.67
0.55
1.58
1.29

1.55
0.77
1.70
0.58
1.55
1.30

1.65
0.86
1.74
0.67
1.71
1.41

1.63
0.86
1.70
0.68
1.65
1.40

1.63
0.86
1.76
0.66
1.56
1.40

50 216 43 912 38 972 37 590 36 023


25 226 27 971 28 124 28 445 29 038
18 632 22 244 22 853 23 160 23 061
4 425 4 428 3 973 3 814 3 928
2 168 1 299 1 297 1 471 2 048
24 990 15 941 10 849 9 145 6 985
24.13 19.37 15.17 14.74 14.97
208 066 226 698 256 900 255 071 240 661
134 057 145 604 166 622 173 758 162 211
74 008 81 094 90 278 81 313 78 450
18 604 19 543 20 652 20 736 20 763
55 404 61 551 69 626 60 577 57 686

1.23
1.26
1.32
1.00
1.37
1.20
0.99
1.24
1.50
0.77
1.07
0.67

1.17
1.21
1.28
0.91
1.10
1.11
0.98
1.19
1.45
0.74
1.00
0.65

1.02
1.04
1.07
0.90
1.04
0.95
0.95
1.07
1.31
0.63
0.92
0.55

0.97
0.98
1.01
0.83
0.99
0.94
0.95
1.02
1.25
0.55
0.88
0.43

1.03
1.05
1.07
0.86
1.15
0.98
0.98
1.06
1.28
0.60
0.91
0.49

0.74
0.74
0.67
1.13
0.64
0.73
1.03
0.72
0.49
1.13
0.85
1.22

0.76
0.75
0.68
1.14
0.77
0.77
1.05
0.72
0.51
1.11
0.87
1.19

0.77
0.76
0.70
1.11
0.72
0.81
1.09
0.71
0.49
1.10
0.86
1.17

0.76
0.76
0.69
1.20
0.68
0.75
1.09
0.70
0.49
1.13
0.84
1.23

0.76
0.77
0.71
1.21
0.63
0.73
1.10
0.70
0.49
1.13
0.86
1.22

0.78
0.85
0.81
1.00
0.89
0.70
1.04
0.75
0.90
0.47
0.72
0.39

0.74
0.80
0.80
0.86
0.64
0.64
1.07
0.69
0.83
0.44
0.63
0.38

0.62
0.66
0.63
0.86
0.62
0.52
0.99
0.63
0.79
0.34
0.60
0.27

0.63
0.66
0.64
0.77
0.64
0.54
1.01
0.62
0.76
0.32
0.59
0.23

0.69
0.72
0.70
0.82
0.72
0.59
1.10
0.63
0.76
0.36
0.61
0.27

1.33
1.17
1.22
0.96
1.18
1.48
0.97
1.37
1.21
1.67
1.38
1.76

1.28
1.19
1.20
1.07
1.39
1.45
0.94
1.37
1.21
1.65
1.43
1.72

1.36
1.25
1.29
0.97
1.37
1.66
0.97
1.41
1.24
1.72
1.44
1.80

1.33
1.24
1.27
1.07
1.29
1.60
0.96
1.39
1.23
1.72
1.41
1.83

1.28
1.21
1.24
1.04
1.21
1.57
0.92
1.39
1.24
1.70
1.43
1.80

1.22
1.42
1.43
1.43
1.37
1.03
1.16
1.06
1.20
0.80
1.01
0.73

1.21
1.35
1.37
1.32
1.02
0.96
1.22
0.99
1.12
0.76
0.92
0.71

1.04
1.15
1.14
1.29
0.97
0.75
1.18
0.88
1.02
0.62
0.82
0.56

0.97
1.06
1.05
1.18
0.97
0.69
1.18
0.83
0.95
0.55
0.79
0.47

1.11
1.19
1.18
1.25
1.21
0.79
1.23
0.90
1.03
0.64
0.86
0.56

0.82
0.61
0.59
0.59
0.76
1.04
0.78
1.05
0.97
1.19
1.03
1.25

0.82
0.67
0.65
0.68
0.94
1.08
0.76
1.08
1.01
1.20
1.07
1.25

0.86
0.69
0.70
0.56
0.91
1.29
0.80
1.07
0.99
1.22
1.07
1.27

0.83
0.69
0.68
0.65
0.85
1.28
0.78
1.07
0.99
1.24
1.05
1.31

0.84
0.70
0.71
0.66
0.73
1.39
0.75
1.12
1.05
1.26
1.10
1.32

0.44
0.46
0.43
0.59
0.43
0.43
1.00
0.44
0.52
0.31
0.53
0.23

0.47
0.48
0.46
0.57
0.48
0.46
1.02
0.46
0.54
0.32
0.51
0.26

0.43
0.43
0.41
0.55
0.46
0.41
0.95
0.45
0.55
0.27
0.51
0.20

0.46
0.47
0.46
0.52
0.49
0.43
1.04
0.44
0.53
0.25
0.50
0.16

0.51
0.52
0.51
0.60
0.49
0.48
1.08
0.47
0.56
0.28
0.52
0.20

1.53
1.56
1.59
1.44
1.52
1.49
0.99
1.54
1.48
1.64
1.33
1.75

1.52
1.54
1.55
1.48
1.49
1.49
0.98
1.55
1.51
1.62
1.38
1.70

1.69
1.70
1.73
1.54
1.64
1.65
1.02
1.66
1.60
1.77
1.48
1.85

1.61
1.63
1.64
1.56
1.51
1.58
0.99
1.63
1.55
1.79
1.45
1.91

1.56
1.55
1.56
1.48
1.57
1.61
0.96
1.62
1.56
1.73
1.46
1.83

EUR
EUR
Share of non-farm income in farm household income EUR

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

EUR

5.7
-3 435

6.4
910

6.9
3 286

7.2
3 307

7.1
-1 972

0.75
1.23

0.64
2.77

0.80
2.07

0.62
2.17

0.48
-0.89

1.59
1.20

1.70
-1.02

1.63
-0.74

1.79
-0.55

1.80
2.93

1.24
1.35

1.08
-2.91

1.20
0.20

0.82
0.71

0.81
0.77

0.60
0.43

0.77
7.11

0.65
2.57

0.90
1.67

0.88
0.95

1.21
1.70

1.02
-1.01

1.02
1.52

0.91
1.75

0.78
-0.18

0.80
1.40

1.08
1.05

0.85
0.39

1.12
0.00

1.05
1.98

1.02
0.57

0.78
-0.25

0.95
0.29

0.73
1.07

0.80
1.24

1.08
1.35

1.23
2.63

1.10
1.93

1.42
1.56

1.32
0.37

years
%

47.8
33.8

48.1
35.7

48.6
34.5

49.2
34.9

49.6
34.6

0.99
0.92

0.98
0.86

1.00
0.89

0.99
0.83

0.99
0.81

1.01
1.00

1.01
1.02

1.00
1.01

1.01
1.04

1.01
1.08

1.02
0.72

1.01
0.69

1.02
0.71

1.01
0.71

1.01
0.66

0.97
1.36

0.98
1.33

0.98
1.38

0.97
1.32

0.98
1.35

1.00
0.76

1.00
0.74

1.00
0.77

1.00
0.76

1.00
0.73

1.00
1.17

1.00
1.20

1.00
1.17

0.99
1.18

1.00
1.19

1.02
0.78

1.01
0.71

1.02
0.77

1.02
0.73

1.01
0.69

0.95
1.27

0.95
1.26

0.96
1.24

0.97
1.26

0.97
1.27

41.1

40.8

41.1

41.1

41.3

0.92

0.91

0.91

0.99

0.93

1.14

1.13

1.17

1.08

1.16

1.10

1.12

1.10

1.17

1.10

0.84

0.80

0.81

0.80

0.81

1.09

1.09

1.08

1.15

1.10

0.86

0.88

0.85

0.81

0.88

1.08

1.09

1.07

1.12

1.03

0.87

0.84

0.83

0.84

0.88

Field crop farm


Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
hectare
FTE
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
%
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR

2004
174 796
713 217
101 012
612 204
99.6
1.6

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008
185 113
746 947
112 156
634 791
100.8
1.6

223 655
767 239
116 821
650 419
106.9
1.7

225 050
771 947
121 040
650 907
105.4
1.7

2009

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009

195 881
775 985
125 036
650 949
102.6
1.6

1.18
0.93
1.41
0.86
1.27
1.25

1.06
0.85
1.37
0.76
1.29
1.19

1.15
0.94
1.48
0.84
1.29
1.26

0.78
0.78
1.02
0.74
0.84
0.95

0.83
0.79
1.07
0.74
0.89
0.98

0.79
1.15
0.58
1.24
0.74
0.77

0.83
1.11
0.51
1.22
0.64
0.79

0.75
1.08
0.45
1.19
0.62
0.75

0.81
1.08
0.59
1.17
0.73
0.80

0.78
1.07
0.51
1.18
0.74
0.79

0.57
0.69
0.78
0.67
0.66
1.00

0.55
0.62
0.71
0.60
0.69
0.99

0.54
0.68
0.78
0.66
0.69
1.00

0.39
0.61
0.56
0.62
0.46
0.80

0.42
0.62
0.57
0.63
0.49
0.83

1.41
1.42
1.24
1.45
1.26
0.81

1.50
1.49
1.33
1.52
1.22
0.83

1.47
1.46
1.24
1.50
1.26
0.83

1.62
1.44
1.45
1.44
1.50
0.95

1.49
1.46
1.29
1.50
1.35
0.87

1.01
0.79
1.25
0.72
1.35
1.17

0.91
0.78
1.22
0.71
1.35
1.09

0.93
0.77
1.29
0.67
1.35
1.13

0.62
0.69
0.87
0.65
0.87
0.84

0.72
0.78
1.01
0.73
0.99
0.91

1.00
1.25
0.71
1.33
0.52
1.01

1.12
1.21
0.80
1.28
0.52
1.05

1.04
1.20
0.68
1.29
0.51
1.00

1.07
1.21
0.81
1.29
0.57
1.07

1.06
1.18
0.71
1.27
0.56
1.06

0.32
0.80
0.56
0.84
0.37
0.53

0.33
0.82
0.51
0.88
0.41
0.57

0.34
0.87
0.56
0.93
0.39
0.58

0.32
0.84
0.52
0.90
0.39
0.53

0.30
0.77
0.50
0.82
0.36
0.54

1.76
0.69
1.93
0.49
1.88
1.53

1.81
0.74
2.01
0.52
1.81
1.53

1.79
0.77
1.90
0.56
1.83
1.56

1.97
0.84
2.07
0.61
1.96
1.68

1.88
0.85
1.97
0.64
1.85
1.63

52 129 44 248 49 150 47 645 43 670


35 080 35 824 38 330 39 078 38 827
29 131 31 117 33 846 34 415 33 496
3 355 3 482 3 153 3 108 2 880
2 594 1 225 1 331 1 554 2 452
17 049 8 424 10 820 8 568 4 843
24.84 20.03 18.76 18.04 18.61
209 875 220 936 261 985 264 128 234 708
128 658 133 394 157 702 165 435 147 763
81 218 87 543 104 283 98 692 86 945
17 549 18 022 19 852 20 296 19 968
63 669 69 520 84 431 78 397 66 977

1.18
1.26
1.28
1.10
1.34
1.01
99.08
1.19
1.46
0.77
1.11
0.68

1.16
1.22
1.25
1.04
1.02
0.90
1.07
1.09
1.34
0.69
1.00
0.61

1.14
1.20
1.21
1.03
1.17
0.93
0.98
1.16
1.44
0.73
1.06
0.65

0.77
0.79
0.80
0.76
0.76
0.67
0.98
0.78
0.99
0.43
0.73
0.35

0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.90
0.80
1.02
0.83
1.04
0.47
0.76
0.39

0.81
0.75
0.73
0.95
0.69
0.95
1.04
0.78
0.55
1.16
0.87
1.24

0.77
0.72
0.70
0.88
0.83
0.99
0.94
0.81
0.58
1.18
0.89
1.25

0.73
0.69
0.67
0.84
0.74
0.89
0.98
0.75
0.51
1.10
0.82
1.16

0.81
0.79
0.77
1.08
0.77
0.90
1.01
0.81
0.58
1.18
0.89
1.26

0.81
0.81
0.78
1.23
0.69
0.84
1.03
0.79
0.56
1.18
0.87
1.28

0.58
0.64
0.62
0.78
0.67
0.48
1.00
0.59
0.73
0.35
0.63
0.28

0.64
0.67
0.66
0.81
0.58
0.47
1.12
0.57
0.71
0.34
0.58
0.28

0.60
0.63
0.61
0.85
0.70
0.48
1.08
0.55
0.69
0.34
0.59
0.28

0.42
0.45
0.43
0.66
0.50
0.30
1.06
0.40
0.52
0.21
0.47
0.14

0.47
0.47
0.46
0.61
0.47
0.43
1.09
0.43
0.55
0.23
0.47
0.16

1.38
1.23
1.26
0.92
1.19
1.70
1.00
1.38
1.19
1.68
1.33
1.77

1.32
1.24
1.26
1.08
1.38
1.65
0.91
1.46
1.26
1.75
1.40
1.84

1.42
1.31
1.34
1.03
1.27
1.81
0.98
1.44
1.25
1.73
1.42
1.81

1.59
1.53
1.56
1.29
1.45
1.87
0.99
1.61
1.42
1.93
1.55
2.02

1.42
1.40
1.42
1.19
1.38
1.62
0.96
1.48
1.28
1.81
1.49
1.90

1.17
1.34
1.34
1.31
1.31
0.82
1.10
1.07
1.25
0.78
1.04
0.70

1.17
1.28
1.29
1.33
0.89
0.75
1.22
0.97
1.15
0.69
0.91
0.63

1.12
1.24
1.24
1.29
1.06
0.69
1.14
0.98
1.16
0.70
0.93
0.64

0.74
0.81
0.80
1.03
0.76
0.43
1.15
0.64
0.78
0.41
0.65
0.35

0.89
0.93
0.92
1.03
0.90
0.64
1.19
0.75
0.90
0.50
0.71
0.43

0.76
0.50
0.48
0.54
0.70
1.29
0.82
0.92
0.82
1.07
0.96
1.10

0.77
0.62
0.60
0.62
1.02
1.45
0.75
1.04
0.91
1.23
1.03
1.28

0.77
0.61
0.60
0.55
0.88
1.33
0.79
0.97
0.86
1.15
1.01
1.18

0.81
0.68
0.66
0.75
0.85
1.40
0.80
1.01
0.90
1.20
1.07
1.23

0.76
0.67
0.67
0.69
0.69
1.49
0.77
0.99
0.89
1.17
1.02
1.21

0.34
0.39
0.38
0.49
0.39
0.24
1.03
0.33
0.41
0.21
0.42
0.15

0.38
0.40
0.39
0.49
0.44
0.28
1.09
0.34
0.43
0.22
0.43
0.16

0.36
0.37
0.36
0.45
0.49
0.34
1.06
0.34
0.42
0.22
0.41
0.18

0.35
0.37
0.36
0.44
0.45
0.23
1.06
0.33
0.42
0.18
0.44
0.11

0.34
0.36
0.35
0.43
0.34
0.24
1.10
0.31
0.40
0.17
0.40
0.10

1.78
1.88
1.90
1.83
1.72
1.59
1.00
1.78
1.68
1.94
1.56
2.05

1.78
1.79
1.81
1.65
1.62
1.71
0.98
1.81
1.76
1.88
1.63
1.94

1.77
1.82
1.84
1.68
1.64
1.62
0.99
1.80
1.73
1.89
1.60
1.96

1.87
1.90
1.94
1.64
1.63
1.72
0.95
1.96
1.89
2.08
1.67
2.19

1.81
1.82
1.83
1.69
1.82
1.77
0.97
1.87
1.80
1.99
1.72
2.07

EUR
EUR
Share of non-farm income in farm household income EUR

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

EUR

4.8
-3 418

5.5
1 311

5.9
3 196

5.8
6 028

5.2
-2 818

0.37
0.52

0.59
0.64

0.68
1.50

0.37
1.22

0.65
0.29

1.79
1.12

1.58
2.16

1.48
0.20

1.92
0.03

1.71
2.65

0.74
1.00

0.70
-4.46

1.02
0.56

0.30
0.90

0.57
1.35

0.77
0.84

1.07
8.70

0.83
2.90

0.95
1.60

0.84
1.58

0.58
1.05

0.80
-2.00

0.94
1.40

0.33
1.22

0.69
-1.44

1.19
1.70

1.41
2.74

0.94
0.37

1.22
0.44

1.05
2.31

0.46
-0.69

0.64
1.47

0.90
0.45

0.50
0.81

0.60
1.57

1.47
1.78

1.31
2.12

1.20
1.46

1.21
3.03

1.25
0.03

years
%

48.8
38.5

49.0
39.8

49.2
39.6

49.4
39.8

50.1
39.2

0.99
0.91

0.97
0.74

0.98
0.86

0.98
0.75

0.99
0.76

1.03
1.13

1.03
1.07

1.01
1.06

1.01
1.15

1.02
1.16

1.01
0.76

0.98
0.68

1.00
0.75

0.99
0.66

1.01
0.75

0.98
1.33

0.98
1.34

0.98
1.36

0.98
1.35

0.99
1.41

0.99
0.82

0.98
0.76

0.99
0.84

0.98
0.73

0.99
0.79

1.02
1.09

1.02
1.13

1.01
1.10

1.00
1.20

1.01
1.21

1.00
0.83

0.99
0.78

1.01
0.87

0.99
0.75

1.00
0.74

0.97
1.19

0.98
1.14

0.99
1.12

0.99
1.17

0.99
1.25

25.6

24.8

25.7

26.5

27.1

1.18

0.98

1.00

1.18

1.13

0.91

0.86

1.04

0.87

1.09

1.29

1.27

1.28

1.45

1.28

0.62

0.53

0.55

0.51

0.54

1.35

1.14

1.20

1.43

1.23

0.65

0.62

0.72

0.54

0.73

1.24

1.21

1.14

1.30

1.20

0.88

0.72

0.72

0.68

0.74

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

85

Fruit and vegetable farm


Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
hectare
FTE
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
%
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR

2004
193 979
373 360
117 728
255 631
7.5
3.2

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008
202 337
369 931
106 383
263 548
7.5
3.2

218 314
382 880
104 817
278 064
8.2
3.3

208 312
383 858
102 134
281 724
8.2
3.3

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
209 139
376 160
104 851
271 309
8.1
3.3

1.25
0.91
1.66
0.57
0.74
1.25

1.38
0.86
1.68
0.53
0.70
1.42

1.44
0.85
1.78
0.49
0.96
1.51

1.07
0.77
1.34
0.57
0.81
1.22

1.10
0.83
1.46
0.59
0.81
1.15

0.64
1.10
0.40
1.43
1.30
0.64

0.64
1.13
0.45
1.40
1.19
0.63

0.63
1.15
0.45
1.41
1.13
0.64

0.68
1.10
0.42
1.35
1.16
0.66

0.61
1.10
0.41
1.37
1.17
0.64

0.85
0.78
1.20
0.59
0.82
1.14

0.83
0.71
1.03
0.58
0.83
1.18

0.89
0.77
1.29
0.57
1.04
1.23

0.76
0.72
1.05
0.61
0.81
1.12

0.58
0.69
0.92
0.60
0.86
0.93

1.20
1.29
0.89
1.48
1.36
0.83

1.17
1.37
0.94
1.55
1.24
0.78

1.17
1.36
0.91
1.53
1.15
0.77

1.23
1.38
0.98
1.53
1.27
0.81

1.28
1.43
1.02
1.59
1.27
0.85

0.68
1.02
0.85
1.10
2.08
0.99

0.62
0.90
0.78
0.95
1.84
0.92

0.72
1.01
1.01
1.01
2.10
0.99

0.61
0.86
0.87
0.86
1.74
0.87

0.50
0.85
0.77
0.89
1.79
0.79

1.64
0.90
1.57
0.60
0.12
1.29

1.66
0.90
1.56
0.64
0.13
1.29

1.58
0.82
1.48
0.57
0.13
1.27

1.72
0.85
1.56
0.59
0.16
1.33

1.88
0.91
1.71
0.60
0.16
1.42

0.58
1.02
0.94
1.05
0.88
0.78

0.59
0.97
0.95
0.97
0.84
0.80

0.50
1.02
0.83
1.09
0.96
0.72

0.49
0.93
0.88
0.95
0.76
0.67

0.41
0.84
0.73
0.88
0.83
0.67

1.55
0.67
1.44
0.32
0.72
1.32

1.59
0.68
1.43
0.37
0.68
1.35

1.66
0.70
1.56
0.37
0.68
1.44

1.67
0.66
1.43
0.39
0.83
1.44

1.99
0.84
1.84
0.45
0.82
1.64

6 006 5 888 6 387 6 259 6 174


2 601 2 526 2 662 2 817 2 851
499 1 023 1 251 1 334 1 383
804
719
733
739
743
1 298
784
678
745
725
3 405 3 362 3 725 3 442 3 323
3.06
2.87
2.89
2.96
2.91
196 580 204 863 220 976 211 129 211 990
147 470 151 718 159 640 157 515 160 018
49 110 53 145 61 335 53 615 51 972
15 942 15 023 15 888 15 734 16 072
33 168 38 122 45 448 37 880 35 900

1.22
1.13
0.45
0.80
1.59
1.28
0.98
1.24
1.54
0.36
1.02
0.05

1.28
1.02
0.86
0.78
1.45
1.48
0.93
1.38
1.70
0.46
1.03
0.23

1.41
1.26
1.17
1.30
1.39
1.52
0.98
1.43
1.78
0.54
1.09
0.35

1.09
1.08
0.94
1.33
1.07
1.10
1.02
1.07
1.34
0.25
0.80
0.03

1.09
0.97
0.87
1.03
1.09
1.19
0.99
1.10
1.36
0.30
0.93
0.02

0.86
1.16
1.85
1.67
0.58
0.63
1.33
0.65
0.41
1.35
0.75
1.63

0.76
1.01
1.06
1.05
0.92
0.57
1.18
0.64
0.41
1.33
0.79
1.54

0.68
0.85
0.86
1.02
0.63
0.56
1.07
0.63
0.39
1.26
0.83
1.41

0.74
0.95
1.09
1.07
0.59
0.57
1.09
0.68
0.44
1.38
0.87
1.59

0.81
1.14
1.06
1.45
0.95
0.52
1.30
0.62
0.40
1.29
0.81
1.50

0.89
0.87
0.42
0.84
1.07
0.90
1.05
0.85
1.06
0.20
0.79
-0.09

0.90
0.89
1.01
0.84
0.78
0.91
1.08
0.83
1.05
0.22
0.69
0.04

1.05
1.23
1.32
1.35
0.95
0.92
1.18
0.89
1.12
0.29
0.78
0.12

0.90
1.05
0.98
1.26
0.96
0.77
1.17
0.77
0.97
0.16
0.64
-0.04

0.74
0.93
0.95
1.00
0.81
0.57
1.27
0.58
0.74
0.10
0.58
-0.11

1.30
1.44
2.24
1.66
0.99
1.19
1.08
1.20
0.95
1.94
1.33
2.23

1.18
1.27
1.09
1.38
1.40
1.11
1.00
1.18
0.92
1.92
1.37
2.14

1.07
1.02
0.86
1.18
1.12
1.12
0.92
1.17
0.93
1.82
1.39
1.97

1.14
1.11
1.18
0.96
1.14
1.16
0.92
1.23
0.98
1.96
1.49
2.15

1.25
1.26
1.13
1.48
1.28
1.25
0.98
1.28
1.06
1.97
1.56
2.16

1.32
1.70
3.37
1.94
0.92
1.03
1.92
0.69
0.78
0.42
0.83
0.22

1.17
1.69
2.64
1.43
0.69
0.78
1.85
0.63
0.73
0.37
0.69
0.24

1.41
2.13
2.90
1.96
0.90
0.88
1.92
0.73
0.83
0.49
0.76
0.39

1.27
1.85
2.31
2.12
0.77
0.80
2.02
0.63
0.74
0.30
0.66
0.15

1.19
1.89
2.31
1.98
1.00
0.58
2.30
0.52
0.60
0.26
0.66
0.08

1.24
0.80
0.00
0.26
1.45
1.57
0.76
1.63
1.66
1.52
1.38
1.58

1.13
0.46
0.04
0.26
1.21
1.62
0.68
1.64
1.71
1.46
1.32
1.51

1.12
0.37
0.06
0.24
1.10
1.66
0.72
1.57
1.67
1.30
1.28
1.30

1.18
0.43
0.08
0.22
1.28
1.79
0.69
1.70
1.76
1.51
1.36
1.58

1.28
0.35
0.06
0.17
1.07
2.08
0.69
1.86
1.93
1.62
1.45
1.70

0.64
0.66
0.65
0.78
0.59
0.62
1.09
0.58
0.70
0.22
0.72
-0.02

0.70
0.81
0.90
0.94
0.57
0.61
1.17
0.59
0.72
0.24
0.64
0.09

0.64
0.94
0.99
1.20
0.55
0.42
1.26
0.50
0.60
0.27
0.57
0.16

0.63
0.86
0.82
1.26
0.53
0.45
1.27
0.50
0.62
0.15
0.54
-0.02

0.60
0.90
0.95
1.19
0.51
0.35
1.43
0.42
0.53
0.09
0.52
-0.10

1.36
1.17
1.22
1.00
1.26
1.51
0.88
1.55
1.56
1.51
1.17
1.67

1.24
0.78
0.72
0.78
0.85
1.59
0.79
1.58
1.61
1.51
1.16
1.64

1.38
0.80
0.72
0.58
1.19
1.80
0.84
1.65
1.72
1.48
1.31
1.53

1.38
0.85
0.78
0.80
1.03
1.81
0.83
1.66
1.68
1.60
1.25
1.75

1.64
0.81
0.82
0.69
0.94
2.34
0.83
1.98
2.03
1.83
1.46
1.99

EUR
EUR
Share of non-farm income in farm household income EUR

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

EUR

4.10
-3 365

4.50
-5 359

4.50
-3 713

5.86
-3 251

4.39
-3 918

1.47
3.01

1.45
1.16

1.43
2.96

1.56
1.64

0.37
1.13

0.83
-1.30

0.83
0.42

0.57
0.52

0.56
0.56

1.44
1.02

1.54
2.33

1.67
0.85

1.54
2.83

1.60
1.35

0.37
0.69

0.39
-0.46

0.35
0.85

0.41
0.91

0.28
0.13

0.68
0.50

2.09
1.72

2.31
0.77

2.28
1.28

2.44
0.70

1.00
0.27

0.46
3.72

0.03
0.90

0.02
2.16

0.12
2.81

0.56
1.35

1.17
2.14

1.27
1.17

1.54
1.57

0.35
1.02

0.37
0.31

1.50
2.93

1.34
0.63

0.78
1.24

2.34
1.50

1.96
1.53

years
%

48.6
53.5

49.7
53.2

50.2
50.5

50.5
51.7

50.6
46.1

1.00
1.18

0.99
1.11

0.98
1.12

1.02
0.97

0.97
0.85

1.00
0.86

1.03
0.88

1.02
0.95

1.02
0.95

1.02
1.03

1.03
1.02

1.01
0.87

1.03
0.85

1.02
0.91

1.00
0.62

0.99
0.94

1.00
1.01

0.99
1.05

0.98
1.03

1.00
1.17

1.00
0.88

1.01
0.73

0.99
0.77

0.99
0.87

0.97
0.61

0.99
1.34

0.99
1.32

1.00
1.25

0.98
1.29

0.99
1.41

1.04
0.91

1.05
0.78

1.04
0.73

1.04
0.73

0.98
0.59

0.96
1.19

0.95
1.22

0.93
1.24

0.96
1.26

0.97
1.33

3.40

5.09

5.19

4.62

4.91

2.02

0.99

1.68

1.42

1.22

1.32

0.44

0.66

0.84

0.76

1.86

2.11

1.55

1.13

1.17

1.10

0.51

0.41

0.61

0.88

1.72

2.11

1.69

1.59

2.04

0.78

0.75

0.86

0.74

0.69

1.57

2.22

1.85

1.86

1.50

0.63

0.74

0.68

0.63

0.99

Dairy farm
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008

2009

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
hectare
FTE

145 199 160 318 188 497 164 369 158 257
598 086 622 641 618 324 607 891 620 235
94 027 97 172 92 839 95 082 98 087
504 059 525 469 525 486 512 809 522 149
49.5
52.5
52.5
52.2
53.2
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.6

1.24
0.98
1.69
0.85
1.30
1.21

1.17
0.98
1.62
0.86
1.27
1.14

1.21
0.98
1.69
0.85
1.31
1.20

1.23
0.97
1.60
0.85
1.32
1.19

1.27
1.04
1.81
0.90
1.38
1.23

0.79
0.97
0.40
1.08
0.66
0.87

0.75
0.97
0.41
1.08
0.71
0.89

0.75
0.97
0.40
1.07
0.70
0.88

0.72
0.94
0.38
1.04
0.67
0.88

0.74
0.94
0.38
1.04
0.67
0.88

0.69
0.77
0.89
0.75
0.85
1.08

0.64
0.73
0.81
0.72
0.81
1.05

0.64
0.74
0.81
0.73
0.83
1.08

0.70
0.74
0.94
0.70
0.90
1.05

0.72
0.78
0.96
0.75
0.93
1.09

1.58
1.33
1.35
1.32
1.32
0.98

1.52
1.33
1.35
1.32
1.29
0.98

1.66
1.39
1.51
1.36
1.37
1.01

1.49
1.32
1.28
1.32
1.25
0.97

1.53
1.32
1.30
1.32
1.27
0.98

0.96
0.88
1.33
0.79
1.30
1.12

0.99
0.89
1.32
0.81
1.34
1.13

0.96
0.85
1.34
0.76
1.36
1.15

1.00
0.87
1.36
0.77
1.35
1.14

1.02
0.91
1.45
0.81
1.38
1.16

0.99
1.06
0.66
1.13
0.62
0.90

0.96
1.05
0.66
1.12
0.65
0.91

1.09
1.10
0.75
1.16
0.72
0.96

0.97
1.05
0.62
1.13
0.66
0.92

0.97
1.02
0.60
1.09
0.65
0.91

0.54
1.02
0.65
1.09
0.65
0.82

0.58
1.04
0.66
1.11
0.67
0.83

0.49
0.97
0.58
1.04
0.59
0.78

0.55
0.91
0.70
0.95
0.66
0.80

0.62
1.01
0.73
1.06
0.75
0.87

1.61
0.85
1.69
0.69
1.50
1.22

1.49
0.85
1.71
0.69
1.45
1.17

1.62
0.90
1.81
0.74
1.53
1.22

1.63
0.95
1.69
0.82
1.55
1.28

1.57
0.90
1.74
0.75
1.45
1.20

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
%
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR

55 757 50 731 36 673 30 597 31 789


19 626 26 494 25 220 24 714 26 479
12 119 19 361 19 135 18 862 19 805
5 615 5 740 4 803 4 438 4 858
1 891 1 392 1 282 1 415 1 817
36 131 24 237 11 453 5 883 5 310
33.8
27.2
17.2
16.2
17.2
164 825 186 813 213 718 189 083 184 736
93 510 102 551 115 466 115 219 108 577
71 315 84 262 98 252 73 865 76 159
19 666 21 230 21 359 21 088 21 283
51 649 63 031 76 893 52 777 54 876

1.25
1.24
1.42
0.83
1.31
1.25
1.01
1.24
1.55
0.82
1.01
0.75

1.16
1.18
1.29
0.80
1.10
1.13
0.98
1.17
1.46
0.82
0.98
0.77

1.21
1.25
1.33
0.97
1.21
1.11
0.99
1.22
1.52
0.86
1.01
0.82

1.23
1.25
1.34
0.88
1.21
1.14
1.00
1.23
1.51
0.79
1.03
0.69

1.25
1.28
1.36
0.90
1.46
1.11
0.98
1.28
1.60
0.82
1.07
0.72

0.70
0.73
0.56
1.13
0.63
0.69
0.90
0.78
0.51
1.13
0.85
1.24

0.77
0.78
0.66
1.21
0.67
0.76
1.01
0.76
0.54
1.02
0.86
1.07

0.77
0.77
0.66
1.22
0.67
0.79
1.03
0.75
0.53
1.01
0.89
1.04

0.75
0.75
0.62
1.31
0.59
0.76
1.04
0.72
0.51
1.06
0.83
1.14

0.76
0.76
0.66
1.25
0.59
0.78
1.02
0.75
0.51
1.08
0.89
1.16

0.72
0.83
0.79
0.92
0.77
0.66
1.02
0.70
0.87
0.49
0.61
0.45

0.69
0.76
0.74
0.90
0.54
0.62
1.05
0.66
0.79
0.50
0.56
0.48

0.73
0.78
0.74
1.00
0.55
0.60
1.11
0.66
0.80
0.49
0.57
0.47

0.80
0.83
0.84
0.84
0.62
0.69
1.12
0.72
0.87
0.48
0.61
0.42

0.83
0.86
0.85
0.91
0.85
0.70
1.12
0.74
0.92
0.49
0.66
0.42

1.49
1.36
1.48
1.05
1.52
1.55
0.96
1.55
1.39
1.76
1.59
1.83

1.43
1.36
1.42
1.10
1.57
1.52
0.96
1.50
1.37
1.64
1.63
1.65

1.49
1.43
1.53
0.98
1.69
1.63
0.92
1.63
1.53
1.76
1.69
1.78

1.35
1.32
1.34
1.17
1.49
1.46
0.92
1.47
1.33
1.68
1.55
1.74

1.35
1.33
1.37
1.09
1.50
1.45
0.90
1.50
1.35
1.72
1.57
1.78

1.03
1.18
1.23
1.09
1.12
0.95
1.04
0.98
1.19
0.71
0.83
0.66

1.06
1.17
1.21
1.09
1.00
0.94
1.04
1.02
1.21
0.78
0.83
0.76

1.10
1.20
1.20
1.26
1.03
0.89
1.12
0.99
1.18
0.76
0.83
0.74

1.15
1.20
1.24
1.11
1.05
0.93
1.12
1.03
1.23
0.72
0.86
0.66

1.16
1.21
1.24
1.10
1.27
0.90
1.11
1.04
1.27
0.72
0.89
0.65

0.85
0.71
0.65
0.81
0.82
0.93
0.89
0.96
0.76
1.22
1.03
1.30

0.87
0.78
0.75
0.85
0.89
0.97
0.93
0.93
0.78
1.12
1.07
1.13

0.92
0.84
0.86
0.72
0.96
1.11
0.87
1.06
0.92
1.23
1.16
1.25

0.82
0.78
0.76
0.85
0.82
0.97
0.86
0.95
0.79
1.19
1.05
1.25

0.82
0.78
0.76
0.86
0.78
1.02
0.87
0.94
0.76
1.20
1.08
1.25

0.57
0.62
0.57
0.76
0.56
0.54
1.03
0.55
0.62
0.46
0.61
0.40

0.61
0.63
0.61
0.71
0.58
0.59
1.03
0.59
0.66
0.51
0.61
0.47

0.56
0.56
0.52
0.74
0.45
0.55
1.12
0.50
0.54
0.45
0.55
0.42

0.62
0.62
0.62
0.64
0.52
0.61
1.11
0.56
0.65
0.40
0.55
0.34

0.71
0.71
0.70
0.73
0.68
0.71
1.12
0.63
0.75
0.46
0.63
0.39

1.53
1.44
1.59
1.09
1.53
1.57
0.96
1.59
1.56
1.62
1.36
1.72

1.45
1.44
1.50
1.21
1.54
1.47
0.98
1.48
1.48
1.49
1.37
1.53

1.52
1.52
1.61
1.12
1.61
1.52
0.95
1.60
1.61
1.60
1.42
1.65

1.55
1.56
1.59
1.39
1.64
1.49
0.96
1.62
1.58
1.68
1.48
1.77

1.43
1.43
1.48
1.19
1.55
1.39
0.92
1.55
1.51
1.61
1.43
1.68

EUR
EUR
Share of non-farm income in farm household income EUR

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

EUR

6.72
-3 397

7.55
2 252

7.72
4 409

8.24
5 079

8.99
-2 361

0.52
0.65

0.43
3.59

0.58
2.71

0.49
2.87

0.30
-1.44

1.65
1.50

1.82
-1.26

2.17
-0.97

2.36
-0.78

2.04
2.62

1.18
0.63

1.25
0.17

1.38
-0.04

0.70
1.08

0.81
1.28

0.51
0.99

0.72
3.36

0.51
2.77

1.22
1.79

1.10
0.49

0.92
1.21

0.72
1.16

0.62
1.54

0.59
2.21

0.39
0.41

1.04
0.43

1.34
-0.30

1.06
0.82

1.73
-0.28

1.59
1.51

1.19
0.34

0.78
0.90

0.88
-0.12

0.63
1.20

0.76
0.92

0.77
1.35

0.88
2.12

0.93
1.66

1.34
1.20

1.26
0.18

years
%

47.3
27.0

47.6
30.0

48.3
28.5

49.0
29.3

49.5
29.4

0.99
0.97

0.99
0.88

1.01
0.84

0.99
0.89

1.01
0.91

1.01
0.96

0.99
1.00

0.98
1.03

1.00
0.98

1.00
0.98

1.05
0.55

1.04
0.58

1.04
0.56

1.03
0.69

1.03
0.68

0.96
1.55

0.97
1.47

0.95
1.63

0.96
1.43

0.95
1.37

1.02
0.73

1.01
0.78

1.03
0.69

1.00
0.78

1.02
0.78

1.00
1.05

0.98
1.11

0.98
1.15

0.99
1.07

0.98
0.97

1.05
0.72

1.04
0.71

1.04
0.69

1.03
0.69

1.04
0.69

0.95
1.40

0.95
1.34

0.96
1.37

0.97
1.40

0.97
1.30

66.0

66.2

66.4

66.3

65.1

0.79

0.84

0.86

0.90

0.83

1.15

1.20

1.17

1.16

1.24

1.02

1.05

1.11

1.07

1.01

0.89

0.90

0.84

0.91

0.90

0.97

0.97

1.02

1.02

0.98

1.01

1.04

0.91

0.99

1.04

1.06

1.04

1.11

1.05

0.98

0.81

0.84

0.76

0.86

0.84

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

86 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


Beef and sheep farm
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
hectare
FTE

125 218 146 411 162 904 168 685 155 225
562 393 559 259 557 761 581 627 585 498
82 352 87 125 97 929 98 137 109 731
480 042 472 134 459 832 483 490 475 768
59.9
66.6
70.9
73.2
70.4
1.5
1.6
1.6
1.7
1.6

1.11
0.93
1.42
0.84
1.13
1.21

1.26
0.93
1.41
0.84
1.28
1.36

1.18
0.97
1.41
0.87
1.25
1.27

1.13
1.03
1.27
0.98
1.16
1.23

0.84
0.91
1.17
0.85
0.95
0.94

0.72
1.01
0.56
1.09
0.95
0.87

0.72
0.95
0.59
1.02
0.79
0.81

0.72
0.90
0.62
0.96
0.80
0.84

0.58
0.86
0.47
0.94
0.74
0.73

0.72
0.97
0.50
1.08
0.78
0.83

0.72
0.78
1.10
0.72
0.95
1.11

0.71
0.79
0.85
0.78
0.89
1.09

0.55
0.74
0.81
0.73
0.81
0.90

0.55
0.77
0.63
0.80
0.70
0.88

0.48
0.74
0.75
0.74
0.79
0.88

1.52
1.35
1.04
1.41
1.12
0.91

1.42
1.41
1.15
1.46
1.08
0.88

1.56
1.39
1.13
1.44
1.01
0.89

1.41
1.28
0.99
1.34
0.94
0.79

1.59
1.33
1.08
1.39
0.91
0.89

0.90
0.78
1.32
0.68
1.51
1.23

0.87
0.83
1.20
0.77
1.43
1.20

0.77
0.79
1.14
0.71
1.34
1.08

0.89
0.90
1.16
0.85
1.32
1.16

0.73
0.81
1.19
0.72
1.37
1.08

1.16
1.29
0.71
1.39
0.56
0.87

1.15
1.26
0.85
1.34
0.56
0.85

1.26
1.27
0.88
1.35
0.52
0.82

1.19
1.18
0.87
1.24
0.52
0.75

1.36
1.24
0.87
1.32
0.56
0.84

0.42
1.02
0.70
1.08
0.48
0.65

0.39
0.88
0.56
0.94
0.47
0.65

0.30
0.84
0.59
0.89
0.39
0.57

0.39
0.87
0.53
0.94
0.43
0.60

0.34
0.81
0.68
0.84
0.47
0.62

1.46
0.66
1.76
0.47
1.77
1.23

1.52
0.77
1.81
0.57
1.75
1.33

1.81
0.91
2.01
0.68
2.00
1.58

1.43
0.78
1.56
0.62
1.59
1.30

1.64
0.89
1.67
0.71
1.73
1.37

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
%
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR

50 952 53 693 51 729 45 834 47 093


30 381 33 493 34 533 34 750 34 060
20 432 23 464 25 105 25 578 23 951
8 292 8 998 8 165 7 829 8 214
1 657 1 031 1 263 1 343 1 895
20 571 20 200 17 195 11 083 13 033
32.75 29.85 26.20 22.53 24.88
155 599 179 904 197 438 203 435 189 285
92 883 109 795 123 242 135 254 121 872
62 715 70 109 74 195 68 181 67 414
13 118 14 326 15 076 15 974 15 611
49 598 55 783 59 120 52 208 51 802

1.04
1.04
1.01
1.08
1.24
1.04
0.95
1.09
1.38
0.67
0.98
0.58

1.15
1.18
1.25
1.02
0.92
1.11
0.93
1.24
1.56
0.74
0.96
0.69

1.10
1.11
1.16
1.00
1.00
1.06
0.94
1.17
1.45
0.70
0.98
0.63

0.99
1.03
1.09
0.82
1.01
0.87
0.89
1.11
1.38
0.58
0.87
0.49

0.87
0.89
0.88
0.91
0.91
0.81
1.03
0.84
1.03
0.51
0.70
0.45

0.76
0.85
0.70
1.25
0.73
0.64
1.03
0.74
0.50
1.11
0.99
1.14

0.80
0.86
0.71
1.26
0.64
0.71
1.07
0.75
0.46
1.20
0.93
1.27

0.82
0.84
0.74
1.15
0.79
0.79
1.11
0.74
0.51
1.13
0.99
1.16

0.76
0.77
0.65
1.18
0.67
0.74
1.24
0.62
0.39
1.07
0.87
1.13

0.81
0.83
0.74
1.13
0.61
0.74
1.10
0.74
0.49
1.18
1.01
1.23

0.71
0.75
0.66
0.94
0.93
0.66
0.99
0.72
0.91
0.44
0.75
0.35

0.71
0.79
0.81
0.75
0.63
0.58
0.98
0.72
0.91
0.43
0.64
0.37

0.62
0.68
0.64
0.82
0.42
0.50
1.07
0.58
0.71
0.35
0.58
0.29

0.57
0.61
0.60
0.69
0.52
0.42
1.01
0.56
0.71
0.28
0.57
0.19

0.63
0.69
0.65
0.85
0.59
0.47
1.22
0.52
0.61
0.36
0.54
0.30

1.38
1.30
1.45
0.94
1.25
1.50
0.94
1.47
1.33
1.68
1.40
1.76

1.32
1.25
1.25
1.23
1.34
1.44
0.95
1.39
1.18
1.72
1.42
1.80

1.32
1.14
1.26
0.78
1.26
1.67
0.89
1.49
1.38
1.66
1.41
1.72

1.25
1.11
1.19
0.88
1.12
1.68
0.92
1.36
1.22
1.63
1.36
1.71

1.27
1.07
1.16
0.80
1.09
1.79
0.85
1.49
1.41
1.64
1.37
1.72

1.03
1.19
0.96
1.75
1.28
0.79
1.08
0.95
1.10
0.74
0.89
0.69

1.05
1.24
1.14
1.51
1.09
0.73
1.11
0.94
1.08
0.72
0.81
0.70

1.04
1.18
1.08
1.53
0.96
0.74
1.23
0.84
0.95
0.67
0.74
0.65

1.01
1.12
1.06
1.33
1.04
0.65
1.08
0.93
1.09
0.61
0.82
0.54

1.03
1.16
1.05
1.50
1.06
0.68
1.28
0.80
0.88
0.67
0.75
0.65

0.94
0.77
0.94
0.37
0.78
1.18
0.86
1.08
1.00
1.20
1.13
1.23

0.93
0.74
0.80
0.56
0.95
1.26
0.87
1.08
0.94
1.29
1.11
1.33

0.93
0.67
0.78
0.27
0.90
1.46
0.81
1.15
1.12
1.21
1.09
1.24

0.89
0.69
0.80
0.33
0.89
1.50
0.81
1.10
1.04
1.24
1.09
1.28

0.95
0.71
0.83
0.32
0.80
1.57
0.76
1.24
1.21
1.29
1.20
1.32

0.39
0.41
0.39
0.46
0.40
0.37
0.94
0.42
0.52
0.26
0.63
0.16

0.35
0.38
0.41
0.32
0.38
0.30
0.90
0.39
0.50
0.22
0.50
0.14

0.35
0.34
0.33
0.38
0.22
0.37
1.12
0.31
0.39
0.18
0.47
0.10

0.36
0.36
0.39
0.27
0.37
0.34
0.93
0.38
0.51
0.14
0.49
0.04

0.40
0.42
0.41
0.46
0.37
0.34
1.11
0.36
0.44
0.20
0.48
0.12

1.62
1.72
1.55
2.14
1.70
1.47
1.07
1.51
1.39
1.68
1.27
1.79

1.68
1.78
1.63
2.18
1.80
1.52
1.07
1.57
1.41
1.83
1.38
1.94

1.92
2.01
1.94
2.19
2.21
1.75
1.04
1.85
1.77
1.97
1.63
2.05

1.61
1.63
1.50
2.08
1.52
1.56
1.10
1.46
1.33
1.73
1.34
1.85

1.78
1.78
1.71
1.94
1.90
1.79
1.07
1.67
1.55
1.88
1.47
2.01

EUR
EUR
Share of non-farm income in farm household income EUR

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

EUR

7.8
-3 298

11.6
320

13.1
1 906

11.7
-908

12.6
-883

0.62
0.77

0.92
20.21

0.96
4.89

0.66
2.57

0.65
-7.58

1.94
1.52

1.60
-12.03

1.23
-3.23

1.26
6.81

1.47
6.09

0.78
1.26

1.00
9.40

1.17
1.94

0.75
9.10

0.81
4.47

0.92
1.04

0.84
4.59

0.60
0.98

0.60
2.41

0.56
1.85

1.11
1.24

1.39
12.17

1.19
2.51

0.82
3.97

1.29
0.27

0.53
3.23

0.83
-7.06

0.46
-2.36

0.45
-5.03

0.31
4.32

0.41
-0.92

0.67
-2.24

1.02
0.08

0.85
0.13

0.68
5.41

1.23
0.04

1.57
13.35

1.35
3.58

1.58
1.45

1.47
0.63

years
%

47.3
24.1

47.6
23.7

48.3
22.6

48.3
23.1

48.2
25.1

0.96
0.82

0.99
0.67

1.01
0.68

1.01
0.71

0.99
0.71

0.99
1.04

0.99
1.06

1.02
0.99

1.01
1.17

1.02
1.40

1.00
0.59

0.99
0.70

1.01
0.70

1.02
0.58

1.00
0.58

0.96
1.44

0.98
1.47

1.01
1.54

1.00
1.36

1.03
1.31

0.99
0.56

0.98
0.65

0.99
0.70

1.01
0.58

0.98
0.67

0.99
1.20

1.02
1.09

1.03
1.33

1.00
1.07

1.03
1.11

0.99
0.92

0.99
0.61

1.01
0.81

1.02
0.79

0.99
0.66

0.97
1.37

0.95
1.29

0.97
1.35

0.96
1.22

0.96
1.30

53.0

52.8

49.9

48.7

50.3

1.12

0.84

0.87

0.88

0.86

1.20

1.21

1.24

1.12

1.14

1.12

0.91

0.87

1.04

0.92

0.93

0.86

0.87

0.83

0.84

1.18

0.90

0.98

1.00

0.95

0.75

0.78

0.76

0.67

0.70

1.08

0.87

0.87

0.87

0.79

1.08

0.99

1.06

0.97

1.03

Non-ruminants farm
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
hectare
FTE
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
%
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR

2004
309 474
606 399
144 957
461 443
44.3
1.7

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008
348 139
689 701
167 775
521 926
49.3
1.8

364 780
759 627
220 408
539 220
50.2
1.9

431 614
801 525
225 816
575 710
53.1
1.9

2009

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009

392 739
795 109
206 130
588 979
52.4
1.9

1.02
0.90
1.35
0.75
1.11
1.03

1.00
0.81
1.21
0.67
0.93
0.90

0.94
0.93
1.59
0.66
0.92
1.01

1.49
1.22
1.95
0.94
1.41
1.26

1.00
0.91
1.37
0.75
1.05
1.01

0.88
1.11
0.62
1.26
0.86
0.90

0.92
1.14
0.79
1.25
1.00
1.01

0.79
0.93
0.48
1.12
0.86
0.88

0.70
0.84
0.44
1.00
0.72
0.88

0.86
0.98
0.68
1.08
0.86
0.97

0.63
0.61
0.96
0.50
0.82
1.05

0.56
0.65
0.71
0.63
0.80
0.88

0.89
0.90
1.51
0.65
0.89
1.00

1.14
1.02
1.67
0.77
1.09
1.22

0.75
0.76
1.10
0.64
0.83
1.01

1.32
1.25
1.05
1.32
1.18
0.93

1.31
1.31
1.01
1.41
1.23
0.98

1.21
1.12
0.69
1.29
1.02
0.87

1.26
1.20
0.91
1.32
1.10
0.92

1.36
1.30
1.05
1.39
1.22
0.96

0.84
0.82
1.26
0.68
1.15
1.01

0.72
0.70
0.93
0.62
1.02
0.90

0.93
0.92
1.57
0.66
0.93
1.01

1.00
1.01
1.39
0.86
1.46
1.13

0.83
0.84
1.22
0.70
1.07
0.89

1.05
1.05
0.81
1.12
0.75
1.02

1.40
1.19
1.09
1.22
0.88
1.09

1.03
0.93
0.55
1.09
0.78
0.88

0.93
0.91
0.59
1.04
0.68
0.90

1.11
1.06
0.79
1.15
0.84
1.02

0.64
1.04
0.70
1.15
0.71
0.75

0.49
0.85
0.62
0.92
0.54
0.68

0.89
0.91
1.49
0.67
0.83
0.98

0.67
1.02
0.87
1.07
0.83
0.82

0.67
0.95
0.74
1.03
0.79
0.74

1.35
0.74
1.59
0.47
1.43
1.34

1.61
0.90
1.71
0.64
1.37
1.34

1.34
0.84
1.13
0.72
1.43
1.18

1.14
0.71
1.17
0.53
1.11
1.07

1.45
0.88
1.74
0.58
1.41
1.35

47 649 30 957 23 199 43 184 30 752


16 803 16 596 16 761 18 163 18 205
13 432 13 420 13 767 15 034 14 860
1 342 1 775 1 553 1 370 1 467
2 030 1 401 1 441 1 759 1 879
30 845 14 361 6 438 25 021 12 547
14.60
8.49
6.08
9.60
7.48
326 277 364 735 381 541 449 776 410 944
237 490 282 745 330 546 360 056 322 310
88 787 81 990 50 994 89 720 88 634
21 558 23 759 27 223 26 445 25 299
67 229 58 231 23 771 63 276 63 335

1.10
1.17
1.12
1.22
1.46
1.06
1.07
1.03
1.21
0.54
0.85
0.44

0.91
0.96
0.96
1.21
0.71
0.84
0.91
0.99
1.17
0.40
0.80
0.24

0.70
0.86
0.86
0.76
0.99
0.28
0.74
0.94
1.12
-0.26
1.08
-1.79

1.38
1.43
1.45
1.22
1.45
1.35
0.93
1.48
1.71
0.59
1.27
0.31

1.01
0.98
1.00
0.61
1.07
1.05
1.01
1.00
1.16
0.41
0.90
0.22

0.89
0.91
0.88
1.28
0.85
0.88
1.01
0.88
0.70
1.37
1.08
1.46

0.96
1.02
0.99
1.13
1.15
0.89
1.04
0.92
0.74
1.53
1.22
1.65

0.90
0.91
0.88
1.33
0.81
0.85
1.13
0.79
0.64
1.80
0.89
2.83

0.71
0.71
0.70
0.90
0.71
0.70
1.00
0.71
0.55
1.32
0.90
1.49

0.87
0.92
0.88
1.39
0.84
0.80
1.01
0.86
0.71
1.43
1.09
1.56

0.70
0.84
0.78
1.25
0.97
0.62
1.09
0.64
0.73
0.38
0.60
0.31

0.69
0.83
0.80
1.23
0.59
0.53
1.21
0.57
0.66
0.27
0.53
0.17

0.67
0.83
0.83
0.71
0.96
0.25
0.76
0.89
1.06
-0.27
1.07
-1.80

0.99
1.12
1.13
0.91
1.20
0.89
0.87
1.14
1.32
0.42
1.09
0.14

0.77
0.78
0.79
0.64
0.82
0.75
1.02
0.75
0.88
0.31
0.74
0.14

1.28
1.14
1.17
0.99
1.05
1.35
0.97
1.31
1.17
1.70
1.33
1.82

1.42
1.23
1.25
0.97
1.38
1.64
1.08
1.31
1.16
1.82
1.41
1.98

1.51
1.10
1.04
1.69
1.03
2.58
1.25
1.21
1.05
2.21
1.09
3.49

1.34
1.09
1.09
1.01
1.10
1.53
1.07
1.25
1.11
1.82
1.23
2.06

1.47
1.27
1.25
1.46
1.22
1.77
1.09
1.35
1.23
1.82
1.44
1.97

1.02
1.22
1.16
1.38
1.50
0.91
1.18
0.86
0.99
0.52
0.81
0.43

0.90
1.07
1.04
1.51
0.85
0.69
1.22
0.73
0.84
0.37
0.63
0.26

0.71
0.87
0.87
0.77
0.99
0.28
0.76
0.93
1.11
-0.25
1.08
-1.78

1.15
1.47
1.47
1.42
1.49
0.92
1.13
1.02
1.13
0.55
1.03
0.35

0.90
0.96
0.98
0.75
0.98
0.82
1.08
0.84
0.97
0.38
0.78
0.22

0.95
0.77
0.77
0.72
0.83
1.04
0.91
1.04
0.91
1.39
1.04
1.51

1.15
0.90
0.91
0.69
1.09
1.44
0.83
1.38
1.30
1.65
1.33
1.78

1.26
0.86
0.83
1.16
0.82
2.29
1.23
1.03
0.88
1.96
0.86
3.20

0.93
0.70
0.70
0.65
0.72
1.10
1.01
0.92
0.79
1.45
0.92
1.67

1.19
0.93
0.92
1.05
0.89
1.56
1.08
1.10
0.97
1.58
1.14
1.76

0.66
0.66
0.71
0.52
0.43
0.67
1.03
0.64
0.73
0.42
0.68
0.33

0.51
0.54
0.55
0.63
0.32
0.49
1.05
0.49
0.55
0.26
0.49
0.17

0.71
0.77
0.78
0.55
0.94
0.54
0.80
0.88
1.05
-0.25
1.03
-1.71

0.73
0.84
0.84
0.73
0.98
0.64
1.07
0.68
0.76
0.34
0.74
0.17

0.71
0.71
0.73
0.66
0.62
0.72
1.06
0.67
0.77
0.34
0.63
0.22

1.39
1.52
1.44
1.64
1.94
1.32
1.03
1.36
1.32
1.44
1.16
1.54

1.48
1.33
1.32
1.28
1.52
1.65
0.93
1.59
1.58
1.65
1.46
1.72

1.56
1.47
1.48
1.52
1.34
1.80
1.16
1.34
1.22
2.14
1.17
3.26

1.24
1.08
1.06
1.24
1.17
1.36
1.09
1.14
1.05
1.50
1.03
1.70

1.54
1.46
1.42
1.55
1.72
1.66
1.07
1.45
1.39
1.67
1.36
1.79

EUR
EUR
Share of non-farm income in farm household income EUR

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

EUR

0.57
-5 530

0.30
7 855

2.53
7 746

1.21
-250

2.16
13 594

1.08
1.38

0.00
1.95

0.53
4.04

0.33
-22.87

0.00
0.89

1.35
1.05

1.61
1.28

3.07
-1.02

0.65
20.02

1.16
0.70

1.08
1.09

1.95
1.12

0.53
3.92

0.00
-2.74

1.82
2.33

0.59
0.88

0.00
1.11

3.07
-0.18

0.26
-7.07

0.50
0.99

0.00
1.57

0.00
0.57

0.53
4.08

0.33
-2.43

0.00
0.37

1.99
1.06

2.42
1.47

3.49
-0.81

2.33
2.01

1.67
1.22

0.00
2.52

0.00
0.28

0.53
5.60

0.33
-5.60

2.23
1.40

1.69
0.60

2.41
0.73

3.49
0.26

2.36
14.42

0.93
1.06

years
%

46.1
34.7

45.9
37.0

47.0
39.0

47.6
40.2

48.0
43.1

1.03
0.74

0.98
0.72

0.99
0.85

0.97
0.81

1.00
0.73

0.99
0.96

1.01
1.17

1.02
0.95

1.05
0.86

1.03
1.07

1.04
0.66

1.01
0.56

0.99
0.77

1.00
0.69

1.01
0.60

0.95
1.28

0.98
1.41

0.98
1.13

0.97
1.41

0.97
1.38

1.01
0.63

1.00
0.72

0.99
0.84

0.98
0.96

1.00
0.81

1.00
1.10

1.00
1.17

0.99
1.18

1.03
1.06

1.01
1.21

1.05
0.74

0.99
0.58

0.98
0.76

1.03
0.81

1.02
0.69

0.92
1.28

0.95
1.18

0.99
0.97

0.96
1.07

0.96
1.17

27.0

30.5

28.4

28.4

29.7

0.89

1.14

1.08

1.17

0.88

1.25

1.16

1.41

0.87

1.24

1.04

1.30

1.09

1.33

1.17

1.01

0.87

1.15

0.77

0.85

0.90

1.29

1.13

1.27

1.12

0.97

0.85

1.13

0.56

0.90

0.80

1.09

1.07

0.97

0.99

0.98

0.89

0.95

0.97

1.12

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

87

Mixed farm
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
hectare
FTE

234 603
667 491
112 717
554 775
82.5
2.1

254 640
701 140
121 354
579 786
88.1
2.1

298 791
738 481
136 922
601 559
91.0
2.2

312 139
760 879
139 160
621 719
93.7
2.2

293 450
774 858
146 188
628 671
93.3
2.2

1.34
1.02
1.54
0.92
1.37
1.40

1.26
0.98
1.44
0.88
1.32
1.29

0.76
0.69
1.04
0.61
0.70
0.81

0.87
0.83
1.11
0.77
0.91
0.95

1.10
0.93
1.26
0.85
1.13
1.13

0.59
0.86
0.49
0.93
0.67
0.73

0.60
0.86
0.50
0.94
0.66
0.77

0.62
0.88
0.50
0.97
0.71
0.74

0.60
0.83
0.51
0.90
0.67
0.75

0.54
0.83
0.41
0.92
0.62
0.69

0.87
0.82
1.08
0.77
1.14
1.34

0.76
0.74
0.96
0.70
1.02
1.16

0.52
0.57
0.79
0.52
0.57
0.77

0.52
0.65
0.71
0.63
0.68
0.85

0.69
0.71
0.86
0.67
0.86
1.04

1.31
1.25
1.06
1.29
0.90
0.75

1.31
1.24
1.05
1.28
0.92
0.75

1.32
1.25
1.06
1.30
1.01
0.80

1.30
1.21
1.01
1.26
0.91
0.74

1.29
1.23
1.04
1.28
0.90
0.75

1.23
1.05
1.55
0.95
1.84
1.59

1.11
0.98
1.43
0.89
1.72
1.44

0.74
0.73
1.09
0.65
1.07
0.98

0.75
0.79
1.06
0.73
1.18
1.03

1.03
0.95
1.28
0.87
1.55
1.31

1.07
1.06
0.73
1.13
0.54
0.79

1.03
1.05
0.73
1.11
0.52
0.81

1.00
1.09
0.71
1.17
0.55
0.78

1.07
1.06
0.75
1.13
0.56
0.81

1.11
1.11
0.83
1.18
0.57
0.85

0.35
0.79
0.56
0.83
0.40
0.54

0.40
0.79
0.56
0.83
0.45
0.57

0.39
0.70
0.63
0.72
0.39
0.55

0.36
0.72
0.56
0.75
0.44
0.54

0.44
0.78
0.54
0.83
0.50
0.62

1.35
0.70
1.52
0.53
1.29
1.16

1.39
0.73
1.52
0.57
1.34
1.21

1.63
0.94
1.75
0.76
1.70
1.46

1.57
0.89
1.72
0.71
1.50
1.38

1.41
0.81
1.61
0.63
1.33
1.25

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
%
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR

62 853
33 658
26 036
4 893
2 729
29 195
23.43
268 261
184 114
84 147
20 863
63 284

52 350
34 878
28 897
4 408
1 573
17 472
18.08
289 518
201 613
87 905
22 076
65 829

47 973
35 956
30 353
3 986
1 617
12 017
14.33
334 747
237 450
97 297
24 231
73 066

50 390
37 094
31 197
4 016
1 881
13 297
14.43
349 232
254 456
94 776
24 521
70 255

47 176
37 621
30 859
3 927
2 834
9 556
14.25
331 071
240 143
90 928
24 833
66 094

1.31
1.36
1.39
1.14
1.41
1.26
0.98
1.35
1.56
0.88
1.18
0.78

1.24
1.27
1.33
0.91
1.15
1.17
0.98
1.26
1.46
0.80
1.06
0.72

0.64
0.64
0.65
0.57
0.69
0.64
0.86
0.75
0.93
0.31
0.59
0.22

0.85
0.86
0.88
0.71
0.83
0.81
0.97
0.87
1.02
0.47
0.73
0.37

1.06
1.08
1.11
0.74
1.18
1.00
0.97
1.10
1.27
0.64
0.90
0.54

0.68
0.70
0.63
1.13
0.58
0.66
1.13
0.60
0.42
0.99
0.81
1.06

0.71
0.70
0.63
1.15
0.76
0.73
1.17
0.61
0.43
1.01
0.82
1.07

0.78
0.76
0.71
1.11
0.74
0.85
1.23
0.63
0.44
1.09
0.83
1.18

0.71
0.72
0.66
1.18
0.73
0.69
1.16
0.61
0.44
1.06
0.76
1.17

0.67
0.68
0.64
1.15
0.53
0.64
1.22
0.55
0.39
0.99
0.75
1.07

1.03
1.12
1.09
1.30
1.13
0.91
1.14
0.90
1.01
0.67
0.93
0.58

0.91
0.97
1.00
0.89
0.77
0.79
1.16
0.78
0.89
0.55
0.77
0.48

0.50
0.53
0.51
0.61
0.55
0.40
0.95
0.52
0.64
0.22
0.47
0.13

0.61
0.66
0.65
0.76
0.63
0.45
1.13
0.53
0.62
0.31
0.54
0.23

0.78
0.82
0.83
0.77
0.84
0.62
1.11
0.70
0.81
0.44
0.66
0.35

1.08
0.94
0.96
0.82
0.90
1.26
0.86
1.26
1.17
1.46
1.18
1.55

1.04
0.94
0.93
0.90
1.20
1.23
0.82
1.26
1.18
1.45
1.23
1.53

1.19
1.07
1.07
1.00
1.24
1.55
0.92
1.30
1.18
1.58
1.26
1.69

1.11
0.94
0.93
0.94
1.07
1.57
0.88
1.26
1.17
1.49
1.14
1.61

1.05
0.93
0.94
0.96
0.83
1.50
0.84
1.25
1.16
1.49
1.18
1.60

1.57
1.76
1.76
1.80
1.75
1.34
1.21
1.29
1.39
1.08
1.33
1.00

1.50
1.64
1.67
1.55
1.22
1.23
1.28
1.18
1.26
0.99
1.19
0.92

0.91
0.99
0.98
1.10
0.85
0.67
1.18
0.77
0.88
0.49
0.72
0.41

0.97
1.10
1.10
1.18
0.96
0.61
1.23
0.79
0.87
0.58
0.80
0.50

1.34
1.46
1.46
1.38
1.52
0.86
1.24
1.08
1.17
0.84
1.05
0.76

0.78
0.57
0.60
0.43
0.61
1.02
0.77
1.01
0.94
1.15
0.94
1.21

0.70
0.58
0.56
0.57
0.84
0.95
0.72
0.97
0.90
1.13
0.96
1.19

0.78
0.64
0.63
0.55
0.86
1.20
0.81
0.96
0.87
1.18
0.96
1.25

0.80
0.62
0.61
0.57
0.80
1.32
0.78
1.02
0.95
1.22
0.92
1.32

0.78
0.64
0.64
0.62
0.62
1.35
0.74
1.05
0.99
1.23
1.05
1.30

0.36
0.39
0.38
0.47
0.31
0.32
0.99
0.36
0.41
0.25
0.41
0.20

0.40
0.43
0.42
0.52
0.41
0.35
0.99
0.41
0.47
0.26
0.42
0.21

0.34
0.36
0.35
0.40
0.41
0.31
0.89
0.39
0.48
0.15
0.39
0.07

0.42
0.42
0.41
0.54
0.41
0.39
1.13
0.37
0.43
0.20
0.41
0.13

0.48
0.49
0.49
0.54
0.45
0.45
1.08
0.45
0.52
0.26
0.46
0.18

1.31
1.29
1.28
1.36
1.30
1.34
0.98
1.35
1.30
1.46
1.20
1.54

1.36
1.35
1.33
1.44
1.41
1.40
0.98
1.39
1.33
1.51
1.27
1.60

1.71
1.69
1.71
1.63
1.64
1.75
1.05
1.63
1.54
1.86
1.54
1.97

1.51
1.48
1.49
1.41
1.43
1.60
0.97
1.56
1.49
1.75
1.46
1.85

1.35
1.32
1.30
1.46
1.35
1.45
0.96
1.40
1.34
1.56
1.32
1.65

EUR

5.9
-3 267

6.0
987

6.2
5 297

7.0
4 479

6.4
-3 520

1.19
1.97

0.57
-2.11

0.92
0.83

0.57
1.82

0.62
-0.17

1.46
2.08

1.98
-2.19

1.47
-0.02

1.75
0.44

1.89
2.31

1.83
2.29

0.94
-6.25

0.99
-0.24

1.19
0.88

1.08
0.77

0.54
-0.61

0.72
7.06

0.64
2.68

0.85
0.88

0.85
1.10

1.88
3.20

1.02
-4.79

1.20
0.43

1.28
1.49

1.18
0.43

0.35
0.74

0.89
2.85

0.85
1.44

0.97
0.58

0.77
1.62

1.42
1.38

0.79
-2.53

0.83
-0.55

1.19
1.01

1.24
1.51

1.01
0.74

1.46
0.63

0.96
2.55

1.11
0.25

1.18
0.68

years
%

47.5
31.4

47.6
34.3

48.1
33.8

49.2
33.2

49.7
33.9

0.98
0.72

0.99
0.84

1.00
0.87

0.99
0.78

0.99
0.78

1.02
1.01

1.03
1.06

1.00
0.98

1.00
1.08

1.01
1.04

0.99
0.63

0.99
0.69

1.01
0.71

0.99
0.66

0.99
0.63

0.97
1.50

0.98
1.35

0.98
1.41

0.96
1.37

0.97
1.37

1.00
0.67

0.99
0.71

1.00
0.77

1.00
0.66

1.00
0.68

1.01
1.26

1.01
1.31

1.00
1.19

0.98
1.29

1.00
1.32

1.00
0.64

0.98
0.63

1.00
0.79

1.00
0.69

1.01
0.73

0.94
1.26

0.94
1.35

0.96
1.24

0.95
1.26

0.96
1.20

40.1

38.4

38.6

39.0

39.1

0.91

1.05

0.93

1.12

1.07

1.22

1.15

1.19

1.11

1.02

1.13

1.21

1.06

1.30

1.29

0.82

0.72

0.88

0.72

0.77

1.16

1.33

1.14

1.34

1.34

0.71

0.73

0.80

0.65

0.70

1.04

1.13

1.01

1.31

1.16

0.93

0.86

0.94

0.79

0.91

EUR
EUR
Share of non-farm income in farm household income EUR

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

88 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


Annex Table B.10 Average characteristics of high and low performers, Italy, for selected farm types, by performance indicator, 2004-09
All farm types
Output-input ratio
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008

2009

Net operating income per working unit

Net operating income per UAA

Net operating income per net worth

Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
hectare
FTE

49 027

50 191

49 318

57 595

52 050

0.52

0.60

0.78

0.34

0.72

1.40

1.39

1.30

1.37

1.09

16.48
1.39

17.32
1.40

15.31
1.36

17.07
1.24

17.64
1.22

1.06
0.83

1.10
0.85

1.09
0.93

1.05
0.81

1.43
1.01

0.94
1.06

0.94
1.05

0.97
1.06

0.66
1.00

0.49
0.89

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
%
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR

9 128
7 251
4 760
514
100
1 877
16.2
56 278
44 403
11 875
6 128
5 747

8 697
7 612
5 476
944
106
1 085
15.0
57 803
46 012
11 792
6 286
5 505

10 250
7 635
4 452
517
51
2 615
18.0
56 953
43 000
13 953
5 980
7 973

765 697
385 881
5 353
654
58
379 816
172.7
443 476
61 444
382 033
5 152
376 881

6 618
6 599
5 576
899
105
20
11.3
58 649
50 064
8 585
5 081
3 504

1.12
1.24
1.48
0.95
2.05
0.65
1.81
0.62
1.02
-0.90
0.93
-2.86

1.26
1.34
1.40
1.59
1.73
0.73
1.82
0.69
1.15
-1.08
0.99
-3.44

1.16
1.24
1.43
1.18
1.23
0.93
1.39
0.84
1.32
-0.65
1.12
-1.99

0.01
0.02
0.85
1.79
1.93
0.00
0.13
0.06
1.20
-0.13
0.76
-0.14

1.63
1.63
1.49
2.40
2.82
1.17
1.98
0.82
1.33
-2.12
1.07
-6.74

0.88
0.80
0.62
1.11
0.86
1.18
0.03
1.32
0.73
3.52
0.88
6.35

0.90
0.85
0.76
0.91
0.64
1.24
0.03
1.32
0.73
3.61
0.85
6.77

0.90
0.84
0.70
0.88
0.62
1.08
0.03
1.24
0.70
2.90
0.86
4.42

0.65
0.65
0.68
0.46
0.28
0.28
0.02
1.30
0.51
23.16
0.91
-15.90

0.43
0.43
0.45
0.35
0.13
0.26
0.02
1.02
0.48
4.18
0.72
9.19

EUR
EUR
EUR

11 875

11 792

13 953

382 033

8 585

-0.90

-1.08

-0.65

-0.13

-2.12

3.52

3.61

2.90

23.16

4.18

EUR
years
%
%

Field crop farm

2004
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
hectare
FTE

26 995

30 535

35 657

38 119

34 646

0.61

0.67

0.80

0.38

0.63

1.85

1.89

1.57

1.65

1.47

20.99
1.24

21.21
1.26

19.64
1.27

20.84
1.02

21.87
1.00

0.98
0.93

1.09
0.94

1.12
0.98

0.78
0.85

1.04
0.97

0.63
1.02

0.58
1.10

0.82
1.09

0.94
1.13

0.65
1.05

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
%
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR

13 123
10 726
8 023
268
38
2 397
34.8
37 721
32 680
5 041
4 789
253

12 006
10 673
8 788
471
81
1 333
29.1
41 207
36 333
4 875
5 062
-187

16 955
12 588
7 944
254
22
4 367
35.1
48 245
37 294
10 951
5 177
5 774

8 539
8 538
8 066
448
23
1
18.3
46 657
46 603
54
3 686
-3 632

9 191
9 142
8 537
520
37
49
21.0
43 789
35 820
7 969
3 967
4 002

0.95
1.03
1.18
0.76
1.56
0.56
1.30
0.73
0.93
-0.60
0.93
-29.63

1.16
1.22
1.28
1.32
1.87
0.72
1.44
0.81
1.04
-0.94
1.12
54.82

1.11
0.76
1.21
0.76
1.42
0.71
1.07
1.67
1.49
0.53
0.84
1.80
1.23
1.69
0.91
0.45
1.19
1.30
-0.06 -740.27
1.25
0.80
-1.24 11.76

1.16
0.64
0.50
1.16
0.54
0.39
1.13
0.33
0.24
1.65
2.04
0.56
1.84
0.47
0.00
0.79
1.09
1.35
1.56
0.44
0.33
0.74
1.48
1.50
1.10
0.75
0.78
-0.89
6.18
6.90
0.86
0.84
0.60
-2.62 107.38 -163.40

0.93
0.97
0.79
0.97
0.49
0.98
1.05
0.81
0.04
0.77
1.32
0.07
0.68
0.63
1.36
1.53
0.76
0.60
3.41 804.50
0.68
1.08
5.85 -10.80

0.53
0.54
0.55
0.41
0.00
0.21
0.42
1.27
0.60
4.30
0.89
7.68

EUR
EUR
EUR

5 041

4 875

10 951

54

7 969

-0.60

-0.94

-0.06 -740.27

-0.89

3.41 804.50

4.30

6.18

6.90

EUR
years
%
%

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

89

Fruit and vegetable farm

2004
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
hectare
FTE

40 807

40 259

38 129

45 722

40 687

0.60

0.60

0.77

0.26

0.74

1.31

1.30

1.24

1.25

0.98

7.97
1.30

7.84
1.31

7.22
1.27

6.06
1.19

6.32
1.17

1.03
0.72

1.01
0.74

1.07
0.86

1.04
0.69

1.42
0.96

0.96
1.07

1.01
1.07

0.86
1.09

0.84
1.00

0.74
0.88

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
%
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR

5 571
4 054
2 146
353
37
1 517
12.4
44 861
33 420
11 440
5 641
5 800

4 232
3 285
1 777
519
41
947
9.7
43 543
33 364
10 180
5 630
4 549

5 453
3 688
1 596
301
26
1 765
13.0
41 817
30 359
11 458
5 218
6 240

1 901
1 900
1 628
263
8
0
4.0
47 622
39 308
8 315
3 558
4 756

2 208
2 206
1 715
459
30
2
5.1
42 892
33 725
9 167
3 337
5 830

0.94
1.06
1.28
1.46
2.95
0.62
1.47
0.64
1.25
-1.15
1.21
-3.44

1.20
1.38
1.54
2.27
1.26
0.59
1.84
0.65
1.22
-1.19
0.97
-3.86

0.93
1.01
1.19
1.47
1.37
0.77
1.18
0.79
1.37
-0.76
1.11
-2.32

1.19
1.19
1.12
1.66
0.97
1.43
3.94
0.30
1.39
-4.83
0.70
-8.97

2.63
2.63
2.53
3.04
2.02
1.80
3.13
0.84
1.59
-1.92
0.86
-3.51

1.09
0.98
0.70
1.09
0.77
1.36
0.85
1.28
0.72
2.90
0.85
4.89

1.21
1.16
1.09
1.07
0.73
1.36
0.93
1.29
0.74
3.10
0.87
5.86

1.03
0.93
0.58
0.88
0.88
1.24
0.85
1.21
0.71
2.56
0.89
3.95

0.60
0.60
0.57
0.75
1.27
0.34
0.49
1.23
0.54
4.46
1.09
6.97

0.48
0.48
0.47
0.48
0.62
0.55
0.50
0.95
0.48
2.69
0.91
3.71

EUR
EUR
EUR

11 440

10 180

11 458

8 315

9 167

-1.15

-1.19

-0.76

-4.83

-1.92

2.90

3.10

2.56

4.46

2.69

EUR
years
%
%

Beef and sheep farm

2004
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
hectare
FTE
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
%
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009

117,181

115,279

108,007

147,194

124,404

1.01

0.91

1.18

0.31

0.64

1.06

1.00

0.91

2.35

2.09

0.00
34.69
1.91

0.00
42.42
1.85

0.00
36.95
1.79

0.00
45.32
1.81

0.00
45.77
1.76

1.01
1.03

0.98
1.05

1.02
1.06

1.31
0.90

1.11
1.01

1.14
0.96

1.08
0.92

1.12
0.88

0.95
0.93

0.76
0.92

13,725.67 21,689.23 16,536.87


11,542.34 20,408.27 14,022.86
7,361.57 14,809.29 9,252.71
1,737.67 3,912.34 2,022.99
259.77
405.67
233.15
2,183.33 1,280.96 2,514.01
10.7
16.0
13.6
128,723
135,687
122,030
94,478
99,688
91,603
34,246
35,999
30,426
10,346
10,802
9,746
23,900
25,197
20,681

15,295.95
15,295.27
12,477.54
2,436.55
380.51
0.67
9.4
162,490
154,355
8,135
13,980
-5,845

16,062.92
16,056.00
12,127.76
3,283.24
638.08
6.92
11.4
140,460
137,812
2,648
13,714
-11,066

1.69
1.87
1.69
3.88
3.20
0.74
1.55
1.09
2.20
-1.97
1.18
-3.33

1.42
1.46
0.97
3.35
3.79
0.70
1.42
1.00
1.87
-1.43
1.24
-2.58

1.31
1.38
1.27
2.27
2.56
0.94
1.09
1.20
2.07
-1.41
1.22
-2.65

0.97
0.97
0.75
1.91
2.28
1.71
2.61
0.37
0.80
-7.76
0.74
12.57

1.14
1.14
0.92
1.75
2.02
0.00
1.64
0.69
1.01
-15.63
0.92
4.88

0.98
0.95
0.95
0.79
0.56
1.13
0.93
1.05
0.64
2.17
0.80
2.77

0.86
0.84
0.89
0.66
0.28
1.12
0.88
0.98
0.58
2.07
0.77
2.64

0.89
0.87
0.89
0.62
0.25
1.02
0.98
0.91
0.50
2.13
0.69
2.81

1.17
1.17
1.35
0.41
0.18
0.54
0.52
2.24
0.89
27.90
1.02
-36.38

1.11
1.11
1.35
0.46
0.02
0.00
0.56
1.98
0.85
60.58
0.75
-13.57

8,135

2,648

-1.97

-1.43

-1.41

-7.76

-15.63

2.17

2.07

2.13

27.90

60.58

34,246

35,999

30,426

EUR
years
%
%

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

90 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


Non-ruminants farm

2004
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
hectare
FTE

408,332

422,624

518,799

372,063

492,157

1.09

0.99

0.64

0.78

0.59

1.18

1.72

2.06

0.63

1.20

0.00
17.27
2.25

0.00
24.57
2.44

0.00
27.91
3.00

0.00
18.86
2.03

0.00
22.88
2.14

1.05
0.97

0.96
0.96

0.62
0.78

1.04
1.02

0.98
1.10

1.00
1.16

1.27
1.16

1.73
1.46

0.75
0.98

0.96
0.89

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
%
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR

11,870
9,524
5,168
1,981
30
2,345
2.8
417,856
453,187
-35,331
18,588
-53,919

17,922
15,979
11,656
1,495
885
1,943
4.1
438,603
424,517
14,086
19,240
-5,154

28,245
20,418
12,048
173
369
7,828
5.2
539,216
495,467
43,749
29,585
14,164

8,031
8,030
7,251
773
6
0
2.1
380,094
457,720
-77,627
14,004
-91,631

9,319
9,313
8,874
413
21
5
1.9
501,470
414,532
86,938
17,323
69,615

0.85
0.78
0.87
0.14
1.63
1.13
0.78
1.08
1.67
8.64
0.96
5.99

1.02
1.03
1.18
0.13
0.81
0.92
1.03
0.99
1.77
-22.53
1.17
65.94

0.50
0.47
0.40
0.67
0.54
0.58
0.79
0.63
1.06
-4.14
0.60
-14.04

1.50
1.50
0.96
6.63
0.00
1.11
1.89
0.80
1.47
4.78
0.71
4.16

0.76
0.76
0.78
0.25
0.87
0.00
1.28
0.60
1.13
-1.98
1.01
-2.72

1.00
0.94
1.14
0.07
0.00
1.24
0.85
1.17
0.56
-6.73
0.86
-4.11

1.49
1.47
1.54
0.21
2.44
1.61
0.87
1.72
0.81
28.93
1.17
-74.70

2.37
2.50
2.81
0.00
3.22
2.04
1.14
2.07
1.07
13.40
1.97
37.29

0.68
0.68
0.74
0.15
4.95
0.00
1.09
0.63
0.23
-1.74
0.63
-1.38

1.04
1.04
1.06
0.60
0.07
0.00
0.86
1.20
0.53
4.38
0.77
5.28

EUR
EUR
EUR

-35,331

14,086

43,749

-77,627

86,938

8.64

-22.53

-4.14

4.78

-1.98

-6.73

28.93

13.40

-1.74

4.38

Output-input ratio
Ratio-Low performers/All farms
2004
2006
2007
2008

2009

Ratio-High perfomers/All farms


2004
2006
2007
2008

2009

0.77

0.62

0.73

0.46

0.72

1.24

1.32

1.46

2.08

1.36

EUR
years
%
%

Mixed farm

2004
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic technology
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Education attainment
Geographical condition
Favorableness for farming
Land quality index

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
hectare
FTE

Average of all farms


2006
2007
2008

2009

45 303.23 41 228.87 43 192.41 44 601.24 43 376.21

0.00
20.40
1.50

0.00
23.15
1.49

0.00
18.51
1.42

0.00
20.02
1.31

0.00
21.25
1.29

1.10
1.01

1.08
0.93

1.08
1.00

0.77
0.89

1.37
1.09

1.00
0.96

0.90
0.95

1.02
1.03

1.02
1.11

0.63
0.82

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
%
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR

8 786
7 064
4 553
489
300
1 722
17
52 367
39 839
12 528
6 356
6 172

7 890
6 945
5 054
858
88
945
16
48 174
38 161
10 014
6 184
3 830

10 269
7 686
4 561
512
30
2 583
20
50 878
37 766
13 112
5 893
7 219

6 349
6 349
5 550
778
20
1
12
50 950
62 743
-11 793
5 242
-17 035

7 479
7 450
6 321
1 059
42
28
15
50 827
41 539
9 288
5 077
4 211

1.04
1.12
1.06
1.38
3.96
0.71
1.28
0.81
1.46
-1.25
1.20
-3.78

1.08
1.12
1.11
1.52
1.44
0.76
1.55
0.69
1.10
-0.85
1.02
-3.88

0.95
0.97
1.04
0.90
0.20
0.87
1.24
0.77
1.18
-0.44
1.20
-1.78

0.80
0.80
0.73
1.30
1.04
1.30
1.58
0.51
1.38
5.16
0.79
3.82

1.49
1.49
1.34
2.33
1.95
1.65
1.79
0.83
1.35
-1.48
1.21
-4.74

1.03
0.97
0.88
0.92
0.91
1.26
0.85
1.21
0.69
2.85
0.75
5.00

0.85
0.82
0.79
0.70
0.98
1.07
0.68
1.25
0.70
3.37
0.70
7.69

1.14
1.11
1.08
0.99
0.62
1.21
0.81
1.40
0.81
3.10
0.83
4.96

1.19
1.19
1.26
0.75
0.84
0.99
0.61
1.97
0.67
-4.92
1.17
-3.05

0.63
0.63
0.64
0.54
0.03
0.82
0.50
1.25
0.63
4.03
0.88
7.82

EUR
EUR
EUR

12 528

10 014

13 112

-11 793

9 288

-1.25

-0.85

-0.44

5.16

-1.48

2.85

3.37

3.10

-4.92

4.03

Gross margin per working unit


Ratio-Low performers/All farms
Ratio-High perfomers/All farms
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008

2009

Gross margin per UAA


Ratio-Low performers/All farms
Ratio-High perfomers/All farms
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008

2009

Gross margin per net worth


Ratio-Low performers/All farms
Ratio-High perfomers/All farms
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008

EUR
years
%
%

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

2009

CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

91

Annex Table B.11 Average characteristics of high and low performers, the Netherlands, for selected farm types, by performance indicator, 2004-09
All farm types
Output-input ratio
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
hectare
FTE

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008

2009

273 364 298 758 347 688 369 595 351 367
1 460 041 1 539 045 1 615 292 1 705 431 1 941 706
497 586 534 956 606 779 650 349 706 891
962 455 1 004 089 1 008 513 1 055 083 1 234 815
31.5
32.7
33.6
34.3
34.7
2.5
2.4
2.5
2.5
2.6

Net operating income per working unit

Net operating income per UAA

Net operating income per net worth

Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
0.79
0.93
1.19
0.79
1.08
0.89

0.77
0.83
1.01
0.73
0.93
0.93

0.72
0.86
1.06
0.75
0.98
0.87

0.74
0.88
1.11
0.75
1.01
0.89

0.69
0.89
1.11
0.76
1.00
0.82

1.02
1.04
0.69
1.23
0.93
0.91

1.01
1.02
0.74
1.17
0.92
0.95

1.00
1.06
0.74
1.25
0.94
0.95

0.88
0.96
0.62
1.17
0.90
0.90

0.95
0.95
0.63
1.13
0.87
0.92

0.68
0.91
1.09
0.82
1.13
0.82

0.57
0.79
0.90
0.73
0.98
0.77

0.65
0.80
0.96
0.70
0.91
0.81

0.71
0.83
1.03
0.71
0.97
0.89

0.78
0.92
1.21
0.76
0.92
0.94

1.43
1.17
1.10
1.21
0.86
1.44

1.51
1.19
1.16
1.20
0.87
1.31

1.59
1.23
1.26
1.22
0.86
1.36

1.52
1.19
1.13
1.23
0.87
1.32

1.34
1.05
0.95
1.11
0.86
1.16

0.64
0.80
0.99
0.70
0.95
1.12

0.67
0.74
0.86
0.67
0.83
0.96

0.72
0.77
0.96
0.65
0.80
1.01

0.76
0.80
1.00
0.68
0.86
1.00

0.84
0.95
1.27
0.77
0.97
1.01

1.46
1.36
1.24
1.42
1.21
0.93

1.52
1.38
1.37
1.39
1.25
1.00

1.47
1.37
1.20
1.47
1.27
1.01

1.50
1.43
1.26
1.53
1.30
1.03

1.32
1.22
0.99
1.35
1.15
0.91

0.70
0.95
1.09
0.88
1.04
1.05

0.63
0.84
0.86
0.82
0.89
0.84

0.68
0.87
0.94
0.82
0.86
0.86

0.75
0.87
0.98
0.80
0.86
0.93

0.87
0.94
1.23
0.77
0.93
0.98

1.40
0.95
1.16
0.84
0.98
1.13

1.40
0.98
1.30
0.80
1.08
1.22

1.38
0.89
1.21
0.69
1.03
1.18

1.42
0.99
1.30
0.80
1.08
1.28

1.35
0.92
1.05
0.85
1.02
1.19

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
%
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR

48 888
9 063
7 227
833
1 004
39 825
17.31
282 427
216 317
66 110
34 182
31 928

42 547
16 583
13 797
1 424
1 362
25 963
13.49
315 342
227 573
87 769
35 583
52 186

39 384
16 830
14 022
1 572
1 236
22 554
10.80
364 518
273 202
91 317
39 614
51 703

36 790
17 999
14 720
1 538
1 741
18 791
9.49
387 594
308 294
79 300
43 318
35 982

32 686
18 456
15 194
1 741
1 522
14 229
8.84
369 823
305 553
64 270
47 626
16 644

0.88
1.20
1.20
1.16
1.20
0.81
1.11
0.81
1.05
0.01
0.85
-0.89

0.89
0.99
0.93
1.23
1.35
0.82
1.34
0.79
1.01
0.19
0.80
-0.22

0.78
0.91
0.90
0.97
0.96
0.69
1.09
0.73
0.94
0.11
0.80
-0.42

0.91
1.07
0.99
0.86
1.89
0.76
1.20
0.76
0.96
-0.01
0.87
-1.08

0.96
1.17
1.07
0.97
2.42
0.69
1.14
0.71
0.92
-0.25
0.86
-3.43

0.95
0.84
0.84
1.11
0.63
0.98
0.89
1.02
0.77
1.83
0.99
2.72

0.89
0.84
0.83
1.29
0.39
0.92
0.83
1.00
0.75
1.63
0.98
2.08

0.99
0.88
0.91
0.78
0.57
1.08
0.87
0.99
0.75
1.72
0.98
2.28

0.82
0.86
0.85
1.60
0.24
0.79
0.87
0.88
0.66
1.71
0.79
2.82

0.73
0.82
0.85
1.15
0.21
0.61
0.79
0.95
0.71
2.09
0.84
5.66

0.77
1.13
1.13
1.04
1.21
0.69
1.11
0.70
0.89
0.08
0.80
-0.69

0.79
0.96
0.89
1.09
1.48
0.68
1.34
0.59
0.74
0.21
0.66
-0.10

0.72
0.83
0.80
1.01
0.95
0.63
1.09
0.66
0.85
0.08
0.71
-0.40

0.87
0.99
0.91
0.76
1.86
0.75
1.20
0.72
0.90
0.03
0.81
-0.90

0.90
1.14
1.04
0.75
2.59
0.60
1.14
0.79
1.02
-0.28
1.00
-3.94

1.26
0.86
0.91
0.59
0.75
1.35
0.89
1.42
1.25
1.94
1.34
2.58

1.23
1.05
1.01
0.68
1.82
1.34
0.83
1.48
1.33
1.88
1.49
2.15

1.37
1.01
1.02
0.65
1.32
1.64
0.87
1.57
1.42
2.01
1.51
2.40

1.31
1.04
1.04
1.33
0.80
1.56
0.87
1.50
1.37
2.02
1.51
2.63

1.05
0.88
0.90
1.00
0.58
1.26
0.79
1.32
1.13
2.24
1.23
5.14

0.67
1.03
1.04
1.05
0.94
0.59
1.03
0.65
0.86
-0.03
0.74
-0.85

0.73
0.85
0.79
0.84
1.44
0.65
1.07
0.68
0.89
0.13
0.69
-0.25

0.71
0.82
0.76
1.22
1.09
0.63
0.98
0.73
0.95
0.05
0.77
-0.49

0.84
0.94
0.85
0.72
1.90
0.74
1.10
0.76
0.97
-0.04
0.85
-1.10

0.95
1.20
1.06
1.00
2.82
0.62
1.11
0.86
1.10
-0.28
1.07
-4.16

1.47
1.14
1.17
1.32
0.76
1.54
1.01
1.45
1.22
2.21
1.36
3.12

1.39
1.29
1.24
1.33
1.65
1.46
0.92
1.51
1.27
2.11
1.47
2.54

1.52
1.27
1.32
1.03
0.97
1.70
1.04
1.46
1.24
2.10
1.38
2.64

1.48
1.28
1.32
1.88
0.45
1.66
0.99
1.49
1.29
2.25
1.44
3.22

1.32
1.07
1.12
1.22
0.36
1.65
1.01
1.31
1.06
2.49
1.14
6.35

0.78
1.14
1.16
0.98
1.08
0.70
1.09
0.71
0.90
0.10
0.88
-0.73

0.82
0.99
0.90
1.28
1.66
0.71
1.26
0.65
0.80
0.26
0.73
-0.05

0.76
0.87
0.78
1.48
1.06
0.69
1.11
0.69
0.85
0.20
0.80
-0.25

0.88
0.97
0.89
0.76
1.76
0.79
1.15
0.76
0.92
0.17
0.89
-0.69

0.92
1.13
1.04
0.89
2.29
0.65
1.05
0.88
1.07
-0.02
1.04
-3.04

1.25
0.95
0.92
1.21
1.00
1.32
0.91
1.39
1.24
1.85
1.21
2.53

1.16
1.06
0.99
1.50
1.31
1.23
0.84
1.38
1.25
1.73
1.33
2.01

1.28
0.96
0.95
0.78
1.37
1.52
0.94
1.36
1.29
1.58
1.22
1.86

1.18
1.03
0.98
1.49
1.07
1.33
0.84
1.41
1.31
1.76
1.35
2.25

1.07
0.93
0.89
1.18
0.96
1.26
0.81
1.33
1.17
2.05
1.18
4.55

EUR
EUR
%

12 532
44 461
28.19

18 005
70 190
25.65

16 903
68 606
24.64

15 132
51 114
29.60

23 142
39 786
58.17

1.01
-0.36
-4.26

1.11
0.12
5.39

1.57
0.07
16.42

1.77
-0.24
-12.36

1.18
-0.75
-1.24

0.98
2.23
0.43

0.70
1.73
0.44

0.70
1.89
0.35

-0.05
1.97
0.21

1.01
2.95
0.25

0.96
-0.23
-4.26

1.08
0.20
5.39

1.62
0.10
16.42

1.69
-0.14
-12.36

1.19
-0.96
-1.24

0.90
2.11
0.43

0.80
1.81
0.44

0.69
1.98
0.35

0.42
1.97
0.21

0.62
2.51
0.25

0.95
-0.34
-2.79

1.12
0.10
10.78

1.38
-0.03
-46.12

1.94
-0.20
-9.55

1.19
-1.05
-1.14

1.04
2.53
0.41

0.65
2.06
0.32

0.67
2.15
0.31

0.55
2.43
0.23

0.77
3.10
0.25

0.99
-0.24
-4.06

0.98
0.21
4.63

1.12
0.09
13.18

1.57
-0.02
-67.34

1.06
-0.66
-1.62

0.88
2.06
0.42

0.82
1.70
0.48

0.92
1.63
0.56

0.89
1.85
0.48

0.83
2.38
0.35

EUR

2
49 950

4
49 803

3
90 630

2
58 304

3
62

1.11
0.83

0.96
0.47

0.77
0.83

0.59
0.91

0.29
0.69

1.21
1.20

1.11
1.04

0.78
1.14

1.11
0.63

1.92
0.97

1.50
0.76

1.19
0.34

1.24
0.75

1.01
0.72

0.47
0.90

0.55
1.58

0.66
1.85

0.81
1.82

0.80
1.25

0.95
1.31

1.04
0.68

1.03
0.18

0.83
0.82

0.46
0.62

0.44
0.93

0.80
1.92

1.01
1.81

0.91
1.66

0.77
1.91

1.00
1.49

1.08
0.61

0.99
-0.07

1.10
0.80

1.08
0.58

0.49
0.77

0.81
1.34

1.31
1.66

0.83
1.17

1.21
1.53

1.18
1.41

years
%

51
5

51
6

51
6

51
6

51
6

0.98
0.98

1.01
0.96

1.01
0.94

0.99
0.90

1.00
0.94

0.99
0.95

1.00
0.94

1.01
0.96

1.01
1.05

1.00
1.01

0.99
1.00

1.02
0.99

1.00
0.95

0.98
0.95

1.00
0.98

0.98
0.91

0.98
0.95

0.98
0.94

0.98
0.98

0.98
0.97

1.01
0.96

1.01
0.97

1.01
0.98

1.01
0.96

1.00
0.99

0.98
0.99

0.94
0.99

0.97
1.05

0.98
1.07

0.96
1.01

1.00
1.00

1.01
0.96

1.00
0.93

0.99
0.91

1.00
0.97

0.96
0.93

0.95
1.04

0.96
1.08

0.96
1.06

0.97
1.05

20

24

25

26

27

1.1

0.78

0.80

0.90

0.86

0.96

1.18

1.28

1.05

1.06

0.8

0.85

0.91

0.82

0.89

1.05

1.10

0.96

1.06

0.8

0.85

0.81

0.94

1.08

1.22

1.22

1.11

1.18

0.8

0.87

0.93

0.83

0.98

1.12

1.21

1.16

1.07

Field crop farm


Unit

Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
hectare
FTE
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
%
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR

2004
159 648
1 396 266
400 632
995 634
60.6
1.4

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008
213 218
1 667 280
445 925
1 221 355
61.7
1.3

245 172
1 849 753
539 417
1 310 336
61.3
1.6

213 562
1 910 853
499 718
1 411 135
63.7
1.4

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
227 411
2 450 294
553 960
1 896 334
64.7
1.4

0.62
0.66
1.06
0.50
0.81
0.94

0.46
0.65
0.76
0.60
0.76
0.77

0.60
0.77
1.03
0.66
0.82
0.80

0.78
0.72
1.00
0.63
0.89
0.95

0.62
0.68
0.88
0.62
0.84
0.87

1.16
1.30
0.75
1.51
1.15
1.05

1.61
1.31
0.90
1.47
1.08
1.19

1.89
1.38
1.00
1.54
1.10
1.75

1.13
1.17
0.60
1.38
1.01
1.04

1.27
1.33
0.90
1.45
1.03
1.10

0.63
0.69
1.15
0.51
0.78
0.94

0.41
0.62
0.81
0.55
0.67
0.77

0.41
0.55
0.66
0.51
0.65
0.79

0.65
0.58
0.74
0.53
0.74
0.90

0.54
0.61
0.81
0.55
0.75
0.87

1.67
1.47
1.16
1.60
1.29
1.12

2.12
1.52
1.70
1.45
1.46
1.26

1.55
1.55
1.42
1.61
1.55
1.01

1.68
1.56
1.32
1.65
1.47
1.13

1.78
1.55
1.61
1.53
1.36
1.09

0.60
0.64
1.05
0.47
0.76
0.95

0.39
0.65
0.83
0.59
0.74
0.68

0.39
0.59
0.64
0.57
0.72
0.72

0.70
0.65
0.84
0.58
0.84
0.91

0.54
0.62
0.84
0.56
0.75
0.85

1.55
1.23
0.99
1.33
1.02
1.12

1.94
1.23
1.28
1.21
1.08
1.36

1.98
1.28
1.37
1.24
1.03
1.72

1.47
1.15
1.11
1.17
1.06
1.18

1.68
1.39
1.61
1.32
1.10
1.24

0.71
0.71
1.20
0.51
0.83
0.97

0.38
0.70
0.79
0.67
0.73
0.68

0.41
0.65
0.62
0.66
0.73
0.71

0.67
0.65
0.76
0.61
0.77
0.90

0.58
0.68
0.90
0.62
0.80
0.84

1.44
0.81
0.92
0.77
0.96
1.07

1.92
1.07
1.55
0.90
1.12
1.36

2.05
1.09
1.58
0.89
1.13
1.75

1.45
0.86
1.06
0.79
1.04
1.16

1.62
0.98
1.40
0.85
1.11
1.26

44 456 39 682 46 622 44 649 40 750


14 501 22 249 23 611 24 027 26 897
10 234 19 118 20 271 22 146 24 642
1 097
1 321
1 571
1 326
1 808
3 171
1 810
1 769
555
448
29 955 17 434 23 010 20 623 13 853
25.53
16.85
17.35
18.79
16.02
174 149 235 467 268 783 237 588 254 308
136 578 134 851 170 189 168 341 168 719
37 571 100 615 98 594 69 247 85 589
28 230 28 955 33 189 31 317 37 110
9 342 71 661 65 405 37 930 48 479

0.68
0.73
0.78
0.67
0.58
0.66
1.08
0.63
0.87
-0.21
0.74
-3.08

0.74
0.91
0.97
1.05
0.21
0.51
1.45
0.51
0.72
0.21
0.54
0.08

0.69
0.71
0.76
0.54
0.26
0.68
1.14
0.61
0.81
0.26
0.71
0.03

0.98
0.96
0.98
0.46
1.20
1.01
1.24
0.79
1.09
0.07
0.78
-0.51

0.96
1.04
1.03
1.25
0.41
0.82
1.45
0.67
0.89
0.23
0.79
-0.20

0.97
1.02
1.05
0.94
0.95
0.94
0.85
1.14
0.82
2.31
1.03
6.17

1.14
0.81
0.84
0.56
0.68
1.55
0.74
1.53
1.13
2.07
1.24
2.41

1.35
1.04
1.10
0.57
0.75
1.67
0.74
1.82
1.49
2.37
1.62
2.75

1.06
1.11
1.06
1.39
2.15
1.01
0.94
1.13
0.77
1.98
1.07
2.73

1.03
0.98
0.96
0.97
1.89
1.12
0.83
1.24
0.95
1.81
1.21
2.28

0.65
0.65
0.65
0.74
0.64
0.65
1.03
0.63
0.88
-0.28
0.78
-3.48

0.63
0.79
0.89
0.28
0.12
0.43
1.41
0.45
0.67
0.15
0.51
0.00

0.57
0.60
0.66
0.52
0.00
0.53
1.32
0.43
0.61
0.12
0.55
-0.09

0.83
0.80
0.85
0.23
0.20
0.88
1.26
0.66
0.96
-0.05
0.65
-0.63

0.86
0.94
0.93
1.11
0.48
0.72
1.48
0.58
0.81
0.15
0.75
-0.32

1.59
1.17
1.26
0.82
1.00
1.80
0.98
1.63
1.35
2.63
1.37
6.42

1.62
1.29
1.07
1.17
3.68
2.06
0.79
2.04
1.73
2.46
1.96
2.66

1.57
1.49
1.59
1.17
0.68
1.66
1.02
1.54
1.34
1.89
1.44
2.12

1.52
1.46
1.45
1.20
2.50
1.59
0.91
1.66
1.36
2.41
1.56
3.10

1.40
1.26
1.23
1.11
3.20
1.68
0.81
1.73
1.46
2.25
1.66
2.70

0.57
0.52
0.51
0.29
0.62
0.60
0.96
0.60
0.85
-0.33
0.72
-3.50

0.75
0.96
1.00
1.33
0.21
0.49
1.69
0.44
0.65
0.17
0.50
0.04

0.60
0.67
0.74
0.52
0.01
0.54
1.44
0.42
0.59
0.13
0.52
-0.07

0.93
0.93
0.97
0.50
0.20
0.94
1.29
0.72
1.02
0.00
0.69
-0.56

0.87
0.95
0.95
1.14
0.49
0.72
1.50
0.58
0.80
0.14
0.75
-0.33

1.31
0.68
0.65
0.52
0.82
1.61
0.89
1.47
1.26
2.27
1.20
5.51

1.30
0.91
0.72
0.53
3.22
1.78
0.70
1.85
1.53
2.27
1.73
2.48

1.25
0.72
0.76
0.36
0.63
1.80
0.67
1.87
1.70
2.15
1.71
2.38

1.14
0.97
0.95
0.74
2.38
1.33
0.80
1.42
1.16
2.04
1.39
2.58

1.15
0.93
0.90
0.79
3.13
1.58
0.72
1.60
1.39
2.03
1.55
2.39

0.69
0.69
0.67
0.74
0.74
0.69
0.98
0.71
0.94
-0.15
0.82
-3.10

0.73
0.91
0.96
1.30
0.19
0.48
1.69
0.43
0.61
0.19
0.48
0.07

0.60
0.66
0.72
0.58
0.00
0.54
1.40
0.43
0.58
0.16
0.51
-0.01

0.85
0.81
0.87
0.22
0.13
0.89
1.24
0.69
0.96
0.02
0.67
-0.52

0.94
1.01
1.01
1.11
0.48
0.79
1.49
0.63
0.85
0.20
0.79
-0.26

1.23
0.67
0.60
0.40
0.98
1.50
0.89
1.38
1.27
1.77
1.12
3.74

1.33
0.92
0.73
0.62
3.20
1.84
0.73
1.83
1.63
2.10
1.78
2.23

1.36
0.97
0.81
0.46
3.23
1.77
0.70
1.95
1.87
2.11
1.86
2.23

1.08
0.87
0.88
0.20
2.36
1.32
0.78
1.39
1.23
1.77
1.32
2.15

1.12
0.89
0.88
0.48
2.78
1.58
0.72
1.55
1.43
1.77
1.47
2.00

EUR
EUR
%

14 800
24 141

22 869
94 530

18 180
83 585

10 300
48 230

24 625
73 105

61.31

24.19

21.75

21.36

33.69

0.89
-0.64
-1.38

0.91
0.28
3.23

0.95
0.23
4.14

2.18
0.06
34.14

0.85
0.15
5.57

1.27
3.17
0.40

0.76
2.01
0.38

1.26
2.43
0.52

-1.46
1.84
-0.80

0.50
1.68
0.30

0.92
-0.78
-1.17

1.09
0.26
4.14

1.05
0.16
6.73

2.46
0.03
76.33

0.99
0.12
8.08

1.11
3.16
0.35

1.51
2.39
0.63

0.84
1.84
0.46

-1.14
2.19
-0.52

1.18
2.18
0.54

0.83
-0.51
-1.61

1.05
0.18
5.73

1.06
2.38
0.15
0.00
7.02 1408.03

1.02
0.17
6.16

0.67
3.53
0.19

0.72
2.41
0.30

0.94
2.54
0.37

-0.79
2.93
-0.27

0.37
2.37
0.16

0.95
-0.62
-1.54

1.09
0.32
3.43

1.12
0.23
4.78

1.64
-0.06
-26.80

0.75
0.08
9.63

0.83
1.95
0.42

0.67
1.85
0.36

1.02
1.97
0.52

0.20
1.73
0.12

0.44
1.47
0.30

EUR

4
59 299

2
24 434

2
69 083

1
36 207

1
38 523

1.22
0.63

0.13
-0.53

0.19
0.37

0.00
-0.34

0.46
-1.93

2.36
1.62

0.00
1.48

2.74
1.28

2.93
0.93

1.39
3.16

1.36
0.69

0.16
-0.70

0.56
0.12

0.00
-0.78

0.54
-2.16

2.31
1.70

1.57
2.02

2.14
2.34

2.69
2.86

1.69
4.41

1.35
0.66

0.16
-0.78

0.27
0.07

0.00
-0.75

0.55
-2.27

1.51
1.29

1.07
1.88

2.05
1.77

3.00
1.82

1.20
4.48

1.37
0.70

0.16
-0.80

0.39
0.08

0.00
-0.77

0.54
-2.09

1.62
0.68

0.46
2.79

2.18
1.90

2.41
1.67

0.67
3.65

years
%

54
5

54
5

53
6

53
5

53
6

1.03
0.96

1.02
0.97

1.01
0.97

0.98
1.00

1.02
0.93

1.05
0.88

0.95
1.08

1.01
1.06

1.04
0.91

1.03
1.03

1.01
0.96

1.03
0.92

1.02
0.89

0.99
0.92

1.01
0.93

1.02
1.16

0.93
1.12

0.98
1.11

1.00
1.16

0.95
1.02

1.04
0.96

1.02
0.95

1.02
0.89

0.98
0.98

1.00
0.93

0.98
0.96

0.94
1.06

0.96
1.07

1.00
1.08

0.96
1.05

1.02
0.99

1.04
0.94

1.02
0.89

0.99
0.94

1.01
0.93

0.96
0.97

0.94
1.12

0.95
1.08

0.98
1.06

0.95
1.05

46

58

61

63

65

0.85

0.75

0.91

0.99

0.85

0.93

1.27

1.18

0.98

1.03

0.87

0.68

0.96

0.88

0.78

0.96

1.23

1.10

0.98

1.14

0.87

0.72

0.98

0.97

0.76

0.78

1.24

1.26

0.94

1.29

0.81

0.72

1.03

0.97

0.79

1.06

1.21

1.36

1.10

1.23

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

92 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


Fruit and vegetable farm
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
hectare
FTE
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
%
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR

2004
202 691
816 670
265 009
551 661
16.8
3.1

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008
289 581
934 037
272 144
661 893
16.8
3.6

348 121
1 000 759
358 408
642 351
18.1
4.0

321 618
1 110 312
413 955
696 356
17.6
4.4

1.01
0.94
0.99
0.91
1.47
1.29

0.88
1.22
1.44
1.13
1.58
1.19

0.85
1.18
1.28
1.12
1.13
1.06

1.26
0.91
1.97
0.39
1.29
1.56

0.80
1.12
1.29
1.02
0.92
1.02

1.08
1.14
0.70
1.35
0.67
0.89

0.97
0.91
0.59
1.03
0.65
0.84

0.96
0.90
0.76
0.98
0.66
0.81

0.70
0.80
0.55
0.93
0.70
0.67

0.56
0.60
0.31
0.77
0.55
0.63

0.59
0.72
0.80
0.68
1.27
1.07

0.75
1.02
1.19
0.94
1.28
1.19

0.74
1.06
1.04
1.07
0.92
1.01

0.92
0.72
1.39
0.39
1.00
1.23

0.80
1.11
1.29
1.01
0.91
1.03

1.31
1.22
0.97
1.34
0.76
0.75

1.30
1.11
0.92
1.19
0.69
0.82

1.58
1.10
1.13
1.09
1.21
1.02

1.23
1.13
0.84
1.28
0.99
0.83

0.92
0.89
0.52
1.11
0.78
0.73

0.51
0.70
0.84
0.64
1.34
0.97

0.75
0.98
1.20
0.89
1.64
0.99

0.61
1.08
1.00
1.12
1.16
0.74

0.99
0.86
1.29
0.64
1.57
1.21

0.64
1.09
1.20
1.02
1.01
0.86

1.68
1.34
1.32
1.35
0.71
1.26

1.43
0.99
0.81
1.07
0.47
1.14

1.60
1.11
1.22
1.05
0.75
1.21

1.41
1.21
0.83
1.39
0.79
1.18

1.56
0.98
0.82
1.08
0.57
1.26

0.53
0.84
0.53
0.99
1.21
0.82

0.81
1.33
1.15
1.40
1.34
0.97

0.53
1.14
0.62
1.43
0.89
0.65

0.73
1.05
0.82
1.16
1.05
0.85

0.68
0.99
0.94
1.03
0.84
0.87

1.73
0.84
1.28
0.63
1.01
1.26

1.78
0.86
1.35
0.66
1.06
1.45

1.72
0.83
1.47
0.47
1.44
1.27

1.08
0.76
1.08
0.60
0.91
1.03

1.49
0.86
1.38
0.54
1.02
1.23

8 143
5 422 13 561 10 651 10 468
1 948
1 793
1 918
1 588
4 592
928
664
522
614
643
673
197
238
232
73
347
933
1 157
741
3 876
6 195
3 629 11 644
9 063
5 877
3.98
1.86
3.87
3.36
3.21
204 640 291 374 350 039 317 444 326 209
146 805 188 123 225 340 224 323 262 995
57 835 103 251 124 698 93 121 63 214
31 618 37 178 39 649 41 699 47 013
26 217 66 072 85 049 51 422 16 201

0.97
1.40
2.39
0.41
0.64
0.83
0.95
1.02
1.40
0.05
0.84
-0.89

1.10
1.38
3.39
0.00
0.24
0.97
1.25
0.88
1.25
0.21
1.08
-0.28

0.96
1.56
3.28
2.32
0.62
0.86
1.12
0.86
1.24
0.16
1.00
-0.23

1.17
1.28
0.67
0.26
2.11
1.15
0.93
1.26
1.74
0.11
1.00
-0.61

1.80
3.06
0.89
1.28
3.45
0.82
2.16
0.83
1.10
-0.29
0.98
-3.98

1.02
1.30
0.11
2.93
1.34
0.93
0.94
1.08
0.71
2.02
1.03
3.22

0.78
0.63
0.60
2.07
0.35
0.85
0.81
0.96
0.67
1.51
0.89
1.85

0.71
0.64
0.14
0.18
0.95
0.73
0.74
0.96
0.63
1.56
0.90
1.87

0.68
0.47
1.01
0.00
0.16
0.72
0.97
0.70
0.46
1.27
0.66
1.77

0.40
0.10
0.31
2.06
0.03
0.63
0.72
0.55
0.38
1.26
0.52
3.38

0.93
1.30
2.29
0.32
0.51
0.81
1.57
0.59
0.83
0.00
0.52
-0.64

0.87
1.02
2.50
0.00
0.18
0.79
1.14
0.76
1.04
0.24
0.93
-0.14

0.77
0.92
1.84
0.85
0.52
0.75
1.04
0.74
1.08
0.12
0.74
-0.16

0.85
0.88
0.46
0.17
1.44
0.85
0.92
0.92
1.24
0.15
0.80
-0.39

1.78
3.02
0.88
1.27
3.41
0.82
2.14
0.83
1.10
-0.29
0.97
-3.94

1.18
1.32
0.05
3.12
1.22
1.14
0.90
1.31
0.98
2.13
1.19
3.26

1.03
0.73
0.72
2.12
0.45
1.18
0.79
1.30
0.94
1.96
0.99
2.50

1.20
0.64
0.33
0.26
0.86
1.29
0.76
1.57
1.16
2.32
1.24
2.83

1.12
0.38
0.66
0.82
0.00
1.26
0.91
1.23
0.95
1.92
1.13
2.56

0.74
0.27
1.64
1.25
0.03
1.11
0.81
0.91
0.69
1.83
0.80
4.81

1.01
1.42
2.41
0.51
0.55
0.88
1.96
0.52
0.72
0.00
0.52
-0.62

1.01
1.32
3.03
0.91
0.19
0.85
1.34
0.75
1.02
0.26
0.98
-0.14

0.77
1.51
3.39
2.22
0.52
0.65
1.24
0.62
0.91
0.10
0.70
-0.17

1.17
2.05
3.12
2.10
1.15
1.02
1.18
0.99
1.30
0.26
0.94
-0.29

1.57
2.70
0.80
1.14
3.04
0.68
2.33
0.67
0.90
-0.25
0.94
-3.72

1.34
1.37
0.02
3.27
1.29
1.34
0.80
1.68
1.32
2.60
1.44
3.98

1.01
0.67
0.40
2.29
0.52
1.18
0.71
1.43
1.07
2.07
1.05
2.64

1.24
0.87
0.20
0.24
1.29
1.31
0.78
1.60
1.27
2.19
1.22
2.65

1.28
0.51
0.79
0.64
0.23
1.41
0.91
1.40
1.12
2.08
1.28
2.73

0.71
0.14
0.43
1.30
0.07
1.15
0.46
1.54
1.43
2.01
1.11
4.63

0.84
1.17
1.90
0.50
0.53
0.73
1.58
0.53
0.72
0.06
0.74
-0.76

1.68
2.87
2.85
0.94
3.30
1.09
2.05
0.82
1.06
0.38
1.06
0.00

0.54
0.86
2.12
0.55
0.36
0.49
1.02
0.53
0.71
0.21
0.82
-0.07

0.97
2.23
2.77
1.92
1.89
0.75
1.31
0.74
0.89
0.38
0.94
-0.08

0.54
0.38
1.02
1.19
0.25
0.67
0.80
0.67
0.90
-0.26
0.81
-3.36

1.39
1.45
0.27
3.26
1.06
1.37
0.80
1.73
1.50
2.31
1.19
3.66

1.25
0.91
0.59
3.10
0.67
1.42
0.71
1.78
1.62
2.06
1.09
2.61

1.34
0.46
0.76
0.44
0.33
1.49
0.78
1.72
1.56
1.99
0.99
2.46

0.98
0.46
0.19
0.00
0.82
1.07
0.91
1.07
0.95
1.37
0.93
1.73

2.07
3.01
1.67
2.78
3.24
1.33
1.36
1.52
1.46
1.75
1.13
3.53

0.56
0.93
-0.01
0.00
-92.79 253.96

0.32
-0.05
-6.13

2.03
-0.77
-2.62

1.39
2.63
0.53

0.26
2.06
0.12

2.14
2.72
0.78

2.68
2.61
1.02

0.89
2.73
0.33

0.23
0.00
79.00

1.56
0.33
4.68

0.55
0.13
4.30

0.27
0.25
1.11

1.81
-0.46
-3.90

0.76
3.79
0.20

0.17
2.60
0.07

2.10
2.72
0.77

1.00
1.98
0.51

0.92
3.68
0.25

1.34
-0.05
-25.55

0.24
0.42
0.04
0.00
5.46 246.89

0.16
0.03
5.21

2.06
-0.48
-4.28

1.15
2.81
0.41

0.63
2.22
0.28

1.78
2.36
0.76

0.92
1.35
0.68

0.62
1.98
0.31

16 009 15 305
82 082 100 354

315 856
993 726
327 852
665 874
18.2
3.8

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009

EUR
EUR
%

13 354
39 571

46 213
97 636

18 312
34 513

33.75

19.50

15.25

47.33

53.06

0.26
-0.50
-0.52

0.10
-0.21
-0.47

0.56
-0.11
-5.33

0.30
-0.18
-1.69

2.05
-0.78
-2.63

1.36
2.59
0.53

0.82
1.65
0.49

1.67
1.84
0.91

1.30
1.55
0.84

0.86
2.04
0.42

0.21
-0.35
-0.58

EUR

1
28 978

2
45 445

4
34 698

2
-1 238

2
63 318

0.00
0.69

0.00
0.72

1.99
0.53

0.00
-34.84

0.00
1.42

3.62
1.63

2.70
0.81

1.51
0.99

0.00
69.30

2.94
0.33

0.00
0.41

0.00
0.47

0.00
0.52

0.00
-15.58

0.00
1.41

3.85
1.58

3.78
1.51

2.20
1.71

4.07
-60.46

3.99
0.65

0.00
0.37

0.00
0.64

1.90
0.29

0.00
-38.13

0.00
2.64

4.01
2.17

4.08
1.80

2.10
1.80

4.14
-57.10

4.15
0.69

0.00
0.71

0.00
1.01

0.00
0.48

0.00
-21.93

0.00
-0.35

4.03
1.68

4.03
1.50

0.00
0.12

0.00
-40.51

3.98
1.48

years
%

51
6

52
6

51
6

52
6

51
6

1.05
0.99

1.11

1.01
1.13

0.95

1.06
1.01

1.07
0.98

0.93
0.97

1.05
0.97

1.05
0.97

0.96
0.99

0.97
0.99

1.11
1.19

0.99
1.22

0.98
1.30

1.06
1.01

1.07
0.98

0.90
0.97

1.04
0.97

1.03
0.97

0.94
1.01

0.96
0.99

1.08
1.21

0.97
1.13

0.96
1.30

1.04
1.01

1.00
0.98

0.88
0.97

1.00
0.97

1.06
0.97

0.97
1.01

0.98
1.03

1.09
1.07

1.04
0.97

0.97
0.97

1.11
1.01

0.90
0.98

0.86
0.98

1.01
1.08

1.03
1.03

0.93
1.05

59

66

73

74

75

0.63

0.84

0.66

0.79

0.92

1.41

1.09

1.37

1.19

1.05

0.45

0.71

0.78

0.69

0.91

1.52

1.29

1.34

1.24

1.23

0.47

0.87

0.89

0.74

0.98

1.15

1.12

1.30

1.10

0.94

0.97

0.94

0.88

0.74

1.04

1.04

0.82

0.91

0.87

0.62

Dairy farm
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
hectare
FTE
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
%
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR

2004
187 001
2 073 013
547 667
1 525 346
42
2

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008
196 802
2 057 714
608 769
1 448 944
45
2

245 808
2 003 431
654 994
1 348 437
46
2

260 366
2 169 568
710 354
1 459 214
47
2

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
211 625
2 488 351
788 715
1 699 635
47
2

0.79
0.78
1.00
0.71
0.93
0.89

0.78
0.84
1.12
0.72
0.89
0.88

0.88
0.92
1.12
0.82
0.96
0.94

0.93
0.97
1.22
0.85
1.02
0.96

0.90
0.99
1.28
0.86
1.04
0.91

1.13
1.17
0.82
1.29
1.06
1.07

1.14
1.15
0.75
1.31
1.09
1.09

1.10
1.14
0.79
1.31
1.06
1.04

0.99
1.04
0.60
1.26
0.98
1.06

1.06
1.01
0.63
1.19
0.97
1.09

0.61
0.62
0.71
0.58
0.76
0.91

0.60
0.67
0.81
0.61
0.76
0.85

0.66
0.73
0.80
0.70
0.76
0.96

0.78
0.81
0.94
0.74
0.88
0.95

0.98
1.04
1.40
0.88
1.07
0.92

1.48
1.43
1.47
1.41
1.31
1.01

1.42
1.38
1.28
1.42
1.29
1.01

1.43
1.44
1.35
1.48
1.31
0.99

1.33
1.36
1.18
1.45
1.21
0.96

1.25
1.17
0.89
1.30
1.10
1.06

0.74
0.78
0.92
0.73
1.00
0.89

0.74
0.84
1.06
0.74
0.98
0.88

0.73
0.83
0.96
0.77
0.96
0.87

0.78
0.88
1.05
0.79
1.04
0.86

0.93
1.00
1.32
0.85
0.97
0.91

1.28
1.24
1.09
1.29
1.03
1.07

1.26
1.17
0.95
1.27
1.00
1.12

1.28
1.19
1.07
1.25
0.99
1.09

1.17
1.15
0.88
1.28
0.91
1.11

1.12
1.04
0.71
1.19
0.94
1.09

0.72
0.89
0.83
0.91
0.89
0.85

0.69
0.87
0.88
0.86
0.87
0.86

0.71
0.91
0.82
0.96
0.83
0.87

0.77
0.96
1.01
0.93
0.90
0.86

0.95
1.02
1.37
0.85
1.06
0.94

1.24
1.00
1.17
0.93
1.16
1.05

1.35
1.02
1.27
0.92
1.21
1.15

1.23
0.87
1.17
0.73
1.11
1.10

1.28
0.98
1.19
0.87
1.13
1.16

1.19
0.96
0.80
1.03
1.02
1.16

75 102 65 687 48 940 32 526 31 282


12 063 27 360 26 555 27 952 28 858
10 697 23 922 24 388 24 510 24 861
972
1 720
1 916
2 105
2 583
394
1 718
252
1 337
1 414
63 039 38 327 22 384
4 573
2 425
37.73
29.30
17.97
11.28
13.01
199 063 224 162 272 363 288 319 240 482
130 134 143 538 165 807 200 055 199 918
68 929 80 624 106 556 88 263 40 564
23 729 26 318 27 822 32 137 37 308
45 201 54 307 78 734 56 126
3 256

0.83
0.92
0.89
1.36
0.55
0.81
1.04
0.80
1.01
0.40
0.80
0.19

0.88
0.97
0.86
1.12
2.30
0.81
1.09
0.80
1.01
0.44
0.85
0.24

0.93
0.95
0.93
0.99
2.38
0.91
1.05
0.89
1.11
0.54
0.98
0.39

0.99
1.03
0.97
0.99
2.16
0.75
1.05
0.94
1.17
0.43
1.07
0.06

1.09
1.14
1.02
0.87
3.63
0.60
1.17
0.93
1.17
-0.22
1.08
-15.22

1.09
0.99
0.97
1.14
1.23
1.10
0.97
1.12
0.88
1.57
1.09
1.82

1.07
1.02
1.05
1.37
0.29
1.11
0.95
1.13
0.88
1.56
1.06
1.80

1.06
1.04
1.05
1.02
0.70
1.09
0.97
1.10
0.86
1.46
1.05
1.60

0.99
0.97
0.96
1.47
0.26
1.12
1.00
0.98
0.76
1.48
0.85
1.84

0.96
0.92
0.98
0.79
0.10
1.46
0.92
1.05
0.80
2.24
0.92
17.38

0.64
0.70
0.68
1.01
0.42
0.63
1.04
0.62
0.78
0.31
0.60
0.16

0.72
0.82
0.70
0.91
2.43
0.64
1.14
0.63
0.79
0.33
0.64
0.18

0.71
0.71
0.70
0.59
2.27
0.70
1.05
0.67
0.84
0.41
0.75
0.29

0.82
0.84
0.78
0.79
2.09
0.66
1.05
0.78
0.98
0.34
0.87
0.03

1.14
1.19
1.08
0.93
3.58
0.55
1.14
1.00
1.24
-0.19
1.14
-15.41

1.45
1.29
1.31
1.27
0.97
1.48
0.98
1.47
1.29
1.81
1.49
1.97

1.36
1.32
1.32
1.06
1.51
1.40
0.97
1.41
1.21
1.76
1.40
1.94

1.38
1.38
1.39
1.20
1.21
1.39
0.97
1.43
1.25
1.71
1.41
1.81

1.29
1.26
1.29
1.50
0.32
1.52
0.98
1.33
1.14
1.74
1.24
2.02

1.13
1.09
1.14
1.04
0.27
1.66
0.92
1.23
0.99
2.42
1.11
17.41

0.80
0.95
0.88
1.44
1.77
0.77
1.06
0.75
0.93
0.41
0.78
0.22

0.86
0.97
0.85
1.18
2.46
0.77
1.11
0.77
0.96
0.43
0.84
0.23

0.82
0.84
0.81
1.14
2.31
0.80
1.11
0.74
0.92
0.46
0.85
0.33

0.91
0.95
0.86
1.27
2.09
0.67
1.14
0.80
0.99
0.38
0.92
0.07

1.06
1.11
1.03
0.61
3.48
0.52
1.12
0.95
1.19
-0.21
1.11
-15.43

1.22
1.07
1.09
0.90
0.98
1.25
0.96
1.27
1.08
1.64
1.22
1.85

1.18
1.14
1.12
1.09
1.48
1.21
0.95
1.24
1.04
1.59
1.21
1.78

1.18
1.16
1.19
0.77
0.56
1.20
0.93
1.27
1.09
1.54
1.20
1.66

1.09
1.05
1.07
0.70
1.17
1.34
0.94
1.16
0.98
1.55
1.08
1.82

0.97
0.93
1.01
0.62
0.23
1.41
0.88
1.10
0.87
2.26
0.95
17.19

0.76
0.85
0.85
0.97
0.72
0.74
1.05
0.72
0.89
0.42
0.83
0.20

0.82
0.96
0.83
1.27
2.45
0.73
1.14
0.72
0.89
0.43
0.82
0.24

0.77
0.80
0.78
0.93
2.35
0.74
1.07
0.72
0.88
0.48
0.86
0.35

0.88
0.90
0.83
0.86
2.28
0.74
1.12
0.78
0.96
0.38
1.01
0.02

1.12
1.16
1.06
0.83
3.54
0.58
1.14
0.98
1.22
-0.20
1.10
-15.13

1.20
1.13
1.09
1.10
2.10
1.21
0.97
1.23
1.10
1.49
1.13
1.68

1.26
1.22
1.20
1.25
1.51
1.28
0.94
1.33
1.21
1.55
1.25
1.69

1.13
1.08
1.11
0.86
0.15
1.18
0.93
1.22
1.14
1.33
1.05
1.43

1.11
1.08
1.12
1.02
0.34
1.33
0.89
1.26
1.17
1.46
1.10
1.67

1.02
0.98
1.03
0.86
0.24
1.49
0.88
1.16
0.94
2.25
0.99
16.65

EUR
EUR
%

13 669
58 870

18 057
72 364

15 251
93 985

15 042
71 169

20 133
23 389

23.22

24.95

16.23

21.14

86.08

1.23
0.44
2.83

0.92
0.41
2.27

1.44
0.56
2.57

1.39
0.34
4.05

0.99
-1.27
-0.78

0.83
1.59
0.52

0.84
1.56
0.54

0.61
1.44
0.42

-0.06
1.44
-0.04

1.37
3.60
0.38

1.24
0.41
3.02

0.92
0.37
2.51

1.43
0.47
3.03

1.89
0.42
4.46

1.10
-1.20
-0.92

0.84
1.71
0.49

0.54
1.59
0.34

0.69
1.63
0.42

-0.01
1.59
-0.01

1.07
3.35
0.32

1.29
0.48
2.68

0.92
0.48
1.92

1.33
0.53
2.52

1.82
0.47
3.85

1.05
-0.37
-2.81

0.88
1.92
0.46

1.18
1.77
0.66

0.70
1.75
0.40

0.23
1.92
0.12

1.08
3.92
0.28

1.24
0.44
2.80

1.00
0.43
2.32

1.40
0.52
2.69

1.94
0.42
4.58

1.08
-1.17
-0.92

0.86
1.49
0.58

0.93
1.50
0.62

1.17
1.39
0.84

0.85
1.49
0.57

1.21
3.36
0.36

EUR

1
54 592

3
58 751

2
94 455

2
85 194

2
74 334

1.49
0.20

1.11
0.73

0.87
0.60

1.06
0.84

0.66
1.24

1.07
1.42

1.31
1.29

0.68
1.76

0.94
0.85

0.66
0.88

0.79
0.30

0.51
0.35

0.78
0.44

0.86
0.45

0.42
1.63

0.51
2.21

0.70
2.20

0.32
2.21

0.27
1.60

0.56
1.03

2.16
0.26

0.85
0.71

1.44
0.46

1.16
0.70

0.44
1.60

0.23
1.79

0.31
1.93

0.86
1.91

0.05
1.01

0.32
0.85

0.77
-0.15

0.38
-0.61

0.84
0.48

1.23
0.74

0.45
1.53

0.92
1.50

1.17
1.82

1.77
1.08

1.46
1.35

0.77
1.13

years
%

51
6

51
5

51
6

51
6

50
5

0.98
1.07

0.98
1.05

0.97
1.02

0.96
1.00

0.95
1.01

1.02
0.93

1.07
0.91

1.02
0.82

1.03
0.92

1.02
1.02

1.04
1.10

1.00
1.05

1.03
1.08

1.02
1.07

0.95
1.05

0.96
0.94

0.98
0.92

0.97
0.99

0.98
1.02

1.00
0.75

1.00
1.06

0.99
1.05

0.99
0.93

0.99
0.90

0.96
1.01

0.99
0.87

1.04
0.96

1.01
0.94

1.00
0.96

1.02
1.02

1.02
1.03

1.02
1.02

1.01
0.91

1.01
0.91

0.96
1.01

0.99
0.97

0.96
1.02

0.97
1.11

0.97
1.04

1.00
0.95

11

13

14

15

16

0.74

0.59

0.58

0.77

1.02

1.26

0.99

1.19

0.53

0.69

0.41

0.43

0.44

0.50

1.10

1.44

1.52

1.36

0.98

1.03

0.88

0.48

0.52

0.79

0.97

1.53

1.17

1.21

0.81

0.99

0.34

0.55

0.67

0.95

0.98

1.58

1.22

1.19

1.09

1.09

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

93

Beef and sheep farm


Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
hectare
FTE
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
%
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR

2004
118 317
959 616
354 064
605 551
29
1

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008
116 225
793 813
275 958
517 854
29
1

130 025
773 591
291 891
481 700
31
1

142 926
833 634
320 680
512 954
31
2

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
150 552
915 820
323 366
592 454
29
2

1.03
1.82
2.13
1.65
1.65
0.80

0.35
0.87
0.60
1.01
1.05
0.75

0.28
0.78
0.58
0.91
1.07
0.70

0.26
0.71
0.69
0.73
0.99
0.70

0.37
0.95
0.95
0.95
1.01
0.67

0.69
0.63
0.41
0.76
0.66
0.77

1.43
1.08
1.19
1.02
0.82
1.16

1.20
0.82
1.29
0.53
0.70
1.07

0.98
0.82
1.01
0.69
1.02
0.90

1.39
1.10
1.02
1.15
1.10
1.05

1.00
1.72
1.99
1.56
1.62
0.81

0.43
1.04
0.78
1.19
1.11
0.75

0.59
0.94
1.11
0.84
1.25
0.70

0.49
0.82
0.98
0.73
1.00
0.72

0.43
0.97
0.90
1.01
1.17
0.60

2.13
1.06
1.33
0.90
0.84
1.51

1.68
1.21
1.61
0.99
0.84
1.12

1.88
1.00
1.30
0.82
0.77
1.44

2.58
1.41
1.63
1.27
1.26
1.74

1.71
1.00
1.28
0.85
0.93
1.18

1.03
1.82
2.13
1.65
1.65
0.80

0.45
0.80
0.83
0.79
0.74
0.81

0.66
0.83
1.08
0.69
0.86
0.83

0.57
0.70
1.32
0.31
0.59
0.85

0.39
0.81
1.00
0.70
0.72
0.73

1.90
0.94
1.24
0.76
0.55
1.37

2.17
1.19
1.56
1.00
0.57
1.57

1.88
0.89
1.39
0.58
0.51
1.48

2.59
1.29
1.76
0.99
0.95
1.73

2.45
1.06
1.43
0.85
0.83
1.92

1.13
1.89
2.06
1.79
1.79
0.84

0.55
0.65
0.97
0.47
0.91
0.86

0.74
0.59
1.04
0.31
1.16
0.85

0.60
0.64
0.79
0.55
0.85
0.64

0.43
0.69
0.79
0.64
0.80
0.66

1.97
0.77
1.29
0.46
0.73
1.53

1.86
0.80
1.28
0.54
0.89
1.44

1.92
0.92
1.52
0.55
0.72
1.50

2.12
1.05
1.86
0.54
1.13
1.79

2.36
0.97
1.61
0.63
1.26
2.00

35 536 45 860 41 840 37 678 33 967


16 005 19 678 19 160 20 964 17 480
12 373 15 257 14 378 16 451 13 719
2 201
4 164
4 752
4 340
3 583
1 431
257
30
173
178
19 531 26 182 22 680 16 714 16 487
26.46
33.74
28.05
22.99
20.21
134 322 135 903 149 185 163 891 168 032
107 786 102 757 122 656 134 899 128 312
26 536 33 146 26 529 28 992 39 720
22 222 22 649 23 702 23 918 25 532
4 314 10 497
2 827
5 074 14 187

1.33
1.85
2.04
0.78
1.90
0.90
1.17
1.13
1.59
-0.73
1.30
-11.19

0.58
0.76
0.71
0.90
2.03
0.43
1.40
0.41
0.65
-0.32
0.62
-2.36

0.59
0.78
0.78
0.76
0.00
0.43
1.71
0.34
0.53
-0.51
0.54
-9.25

0.60
0.83
0.89
0.64
0.91
0.31
1.80
0.34
0.52
-0.50
0.58
-5.63

0.72
0.83
0.92
0.52
0.12
0.60
1.73
0.42
0.62
-0.25
0.50
-1.59

0.76
0.76
0.68
1.66
0.08
0.76
1.09
0.70
0.35
2.08
0.67
9.36

1.12
1.26
0.94
2.52
0.00
1.02
0.80
1.40
0.96
2.79
1.19
6.22

1.11
0.66
0.65
0.70
1.32
1.49
0.98
1.13
0.81
2.62
1.20
14.57

1.21
1.29
0.73
3.42
1.68
1.11
1.18
1.02
0.60
2.98
0.97
12.48

1.64
1.63
0.99
3.87
5.97
1.65
1.16
1.41
0.90
3.07
1.18
6.47

1.33
1.87
2.01
1.17
1.78
0.88
1.21
1.10
1.52
-0.60
1.26
-10.19

0.61
0.73
0.75
0.51
3.08
0.52
1.28
0.48
0.80
-0.53
0.68
-3.15

1.14
1.46
1.23
2.17
3.22
0.87
1.62
0.70
0.96
-0.48
0.61
-9.65

0.93
1.09
1.20
0.66
1.11
0.72
1.65
0.56
0.81
-0.56
0.63
-6.19

0.92
1.08
1.15
0.84
0.00
0.76
1.87
0.49
0.73
-0.28
0.43
-1.56

1.47
0.91
0.76
2.19
0.25
1.92
0.74
1.98
1.55
3.74
1.62
14.63

1.51
1.48
1.35
2.02
0.05
1.53
0.92
1.65
1.24
2.91
1.40
6.16

1.12
0.76
0.78
0.69
0.85
1.43
0.65
1.73
1.44
3.10
1.67
15.03

1.65
1.49
1.15
2.76
1.42
1.84
0.67
2.44
2.12
3.91
2.27
11.68

1.41
1.12
0.87
1.94
3.83
1.71
0.85
1.65
1.26
2.88
1.41
5.52

1.33
1.85
2.04
0.78
1.90
0.90
1.17
1.13
1.59
-0.73
1.30
-11.19

0.58
0.58
0.56
0.54
2.74
0.59
1.24
0.47
0.78
-0.49
0.66
-2.99

0.76
0.86
0.83
0.94
0.00
0.67
1.11
0.69
0.99
-0.72
0.69
-12.56

0.87
0.84
1.05
0.05
1.12
0.91
1.43
0.61
0.87
-0.60
0.75
-6.95

0.72
0.74
0.84
0.38
0.00
0.69
1.68
0.43
0.67
-0.35
0.54
-1.95

1.29
0.69
0.85
0.12
0.24
1.79
0.74
1.76
1.41
3.14
1.44
11.90

1.47
1.11
1.34
0.34
0.00
1.73
0.73
2.02
1.70
2.99
1.82
5.51

1.30
0.83
0.92
0.57
0.87
1.69
0.74
1.75
1.47
3.06
1.68
14.65

1.74
1.59
1.35
2.49
1.43
1.94
0.71
2.46
2.14
3.97
2.30
11.85

1.45
1.17
0.92
2.00
3.43
1.74
0.62
2.32
2.02
3.29
2.20
5.25

1.56
1.95
2.14
0.97
1.75
1.24
1.27
1.23
1.58
-0.18
1.51
-8.90

0.84
0.89
0.81
1.07
2.77
0.79
1.38
0.60
0.81
-0.04
0.73
-1.71

1.20
1.29
0.90
2.48
3.33
1.11
1.48
0.81
0.88
0.48
0.68
-1.13

1.11
1.18
1.31
0.69
0.66
1.04
1.65
0.68
0.78
0.22
0.66
-1.89

0.87
0.96
1.09
0.52
0.00
0.78
1.81
0.48
0.63
-0.01
0.44
-0.82

1.35
1.11
0.97
2.22
0.57
1.55
0.73
1.87
1.52
3.26
1.54
12.14

1.14
1.17
0.87
2.31
0.00
1.13
0.65
1.76
1.48
2.61
1.62
4.76

0.98
0.67
0.66
0.68
0.76
1.24
0.55
1.76
1.69
2.09
1.72
5.14

1.16
1.14
0.72
2.74
1.73
1.18
0.58
1.99
1.86
2.62
2.04
5.39

1.14
0.99
0.59
2.38
3.63
1.29
0.51
2.22
2.04
2.78
2.11
3.98

EUR
EUR
%

13 116
17 430

25 789
36 286

25 804
28 630

36 809
41 883

38 149
52 336

75.25

71.07

90.13

87.88

72.89

0.67
-2.27
-0.29

1.49
0.37
3.97

1.81
0.71
2.53

1.57
0.69
2.26

1.45
0.62
2.32

0.35
2.58
0.14

0.39
2.08
0.19

0.26
1.67
0.15

0.30
1.78
0.17

0.23
1.92
0.12

0.85
-1.88
-0.45

1.65
0.26
6.37

2.23
1.06
2.11

1.77
0.81
2.19

1.47
0.65
2.26

0.43
3.95
0.11

0.25
1.96
0.13

0.28
1.74
0.16

0.48
1.83
0.26

0.16
1.61
0.10

0.67
-1.11
-0.60

1.18
-0.45
-2.62

2.16
-0.67
-3.24

1.21
-0.41
-2.92

1.65
-0.27
-6.19

0.44
4.79
0.09

0.24
2.73
0.09

0.28
2.83
0.10

0.41
2.75
0.15

0.19
2.50
0.08

0.69
-1.69
-0.41

0.90
0.15
6.16

1.13
0.91
1.24

1.11
0.75
1.49

1.16
0.62
1.87

0.47
3.36
0.14

1.13
2.18
0.52

0.90
1.32
0.68

0.75
1.31
0.57

0.78
1.65
0.47

EUR

3
26 039

8
10 859

7
25 641

1
1 087

4
21 792

3.22

1.29
-2.69

0.13
0.25

1.90
-54.58

0.34

1.54

1.47
4.05

1.03

0.46
16.91

5.56
1.73

2.62

2.01
-4.21

0.22
0.37

0.29
-59.49

0.29

2.79

1.35
5.11

1.56
1.96

1.32
71.60

1.95
2.55

3.22

1.95
-0.69

0.23

1.04
-65.07

-1.35

2.28

0.73
5.65

0.80
2.21

1.01
72.77

0.44
2.48

3.25

2.13
0.64

1.25
-0.59

3.67
-80.52

0.13
-1.43

2.38

1.24
4.11

2.96

0.34
66.71

0.54
2.69

years
%

52
6

52
6

53
6

52
6

52
6

0.84
0.73

1.05
0.78

1.06
0.72

0.96
0.63

1.03
0.72

0.85
0.95

0.92
0.70

0.93
0.72

0.98
1.20

0.93
0.73

0.87
0.73

1.01
0.84

0.97
0.82

0.96
0.00

1.02
0.89

0.96
0.95

0.88
0.90

0.92
0.91

0.96
0.94

0.88
1.03

0.84
0.73

1.06
0.70

0.99
0.82

0.91
1.31

1.07
0.73

1.00
0.95

0.94
0.83

0.95
0.72

0.94
0.92

0.92
0.70

0.84
0.73

0.99
0.70

0.97
0.90

0.96
0.96

1.02
0.73

0.92
0.78

0.94
0.88

0.94
0.72

0.94
0.92

0.90
0.54

13

10

12

11

11

3.36

1.43

1.32

1.22

0.92

0.61

0.59

1.19

3.15

1.41

2.22

1.44

1.50

0.91

0.57

0.67

1.64

1.42

3.36

0.77

0.74

0.65

1.25

1.35

3.07

0.49

1.39

0.26

0.74

1.05

1.01

1.32

1.89

0.83

Non-ruminants farm
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
hectare
FTE
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
%
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR

2004
385 012
958 885
498 451
460 434
11.4
1.5

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008
419 301
1 259 430
567 719
691 711
14.5
1.6

451 151
1 276 844
649 623
627 222
12.4
1.6

570 341
1 341 610
725 548
616 062
11.4
1.6

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
570 209
1 455 840
780 790
675 050
10.1
1.7

0.90
1.02
1.12
0.91
1.41
0.93

0.72
0.81
0.91
0.73
1.04
0.87

0.72
0.85
1.06
0.63
0.90
0.99

0.68
0.80
0.94
0.63
0.99
0.90

0.69
0.91
0.99
0.82
1.27
0.93

1.20
1.11
0.89
1.34
0.84
1.06

1.00
0.95
0.75
1.13
0.79
0.95

1.06
0.98
0.69
1.29
0.90
1.00

0.95
1.07
0.89
1.28
1.00
0.98

1.10
0.97
0.82
1.13
0.49
1.00

0.50
0.84
0.72
0.97
1.32
0.85

0.56
0.76
0.78
0.74
1.11
0.84

0.84
0.94
1.19
0.67
0.92
1.03

0.67
0.80
0.92
0.67
0.99
0.91

0.59
0.85
0.86
0.82
1.19
0.93

1.67
1.33
1.31
1.35
0.88
1.06

1.70
1.44
1.38
1.49
1.05
1.14

1.52
1.14
0.93
1.36
0.90
1.06

1.61
1.53
1.43
1.64
1.41
1.07

1.66
1.31
1.21
1.43
0.76
1.11

0.54
0.94
0.82
1.07
1.67
0.85

0.47
0.78
0.70
0.84
1.34
0.80

0.90
0.87
1.16
0.58
0.47
1.05

0.66
0.79
0.91
0.65
1.00
0.90

0.59
0.85
0.86
0.82
1.19
0.93

1.42
0.97
1.15
0.78
0.21
1.15

1.34
0.90
1.02
0.81
0.21
1.08

1.56
1.07
0.98
1.17
0.45
1.21

1.31
0.92
0.86
0.99
0.20
1.16

1.33
0.99
1.00
0.98
0.14
1.06

0.56
0.84
0.79
0.89
1.29
0.87

0.53
0.78
0.72
0.84
1.05
0.84

0.79
0.90
1.26
0.54
0.98
1.01

0.65
0.73
0.95
0.48
0.90
0.93

0.78
0.91
1.08
0.72
1.03
1.09

1.59
1.09
1.45
0.70
0.60
1.17

1.31
0.92
1.28
0.63
0.60
1.10

1.60
1.07
1.24
0.89
0.69
1.23

1.38
1.10
1.32
0.83
0.80
1.19

1.35
0.94
1.12
0.74
0.54
1.06

66 681 40 661 36 127 69 171 55 795


2 919
4 821
4 831
7 035
6 919
2 149
4 369
4 196
3 784
3 961
71
262
164
214
411
699
190
472
3 038
2 547
63 762 35 840 31 296 62 136 48 876
17.19
9.59
7.92
11.98
9.67
387 931 424 121 455 983 577 377 577 128
316 985 347 851 424 697 519 990 491 238
70 946 76 271 31 285 57 386 85 890
35 959 37 214 41 306 44 389 47 138
34 988 39 056 -10 021 12 997 38 752

1.12
1.59
1.38
1.51
2.24
1.10
1.24
0.91
1.16
-0.22
0.83
-1.30

1.19
1.48
1.41
2.65
1.45
1.15
1.62
0.73
0.92
-0.12
0.80
-0.99

0.16
0.71
0.69
1.97
0.47
0.07
0.22
0.72
0.90
-1.63
0.80
8.37

0.80
2.05
1.14
0.88
3.27
0.66
1.14
0.70
0.81
-0.31
0.80
-4.12

0.69
1.88
1.66
1.77
2.23
0.52
0.98
0.70
0.86
-0.20
0.85
-1.48

0.96
0.56
0.69
1.79
0.04
0.97
0.80
1.20
0.98
2.16
1.42
2.93

0.71
0.56
0.52
0.08
1.99
0.73
0.71
0.99
0.80
1.87
1.06
2.64

1.22
0.95
0.96
0.69
0.91
1.26
1.15
1.06
0.85
3.97
1.05
-8.07

0.72
0.59
0.83
0.63
0.29
0.74
0.76
0.95
0.79
2.37
1.12
6.66

0.14
0.31
0.36
0.05
0.26
0.12
0.13
1.09
0.82
2.64
1.05
4.56

0.44
1.18
1.39
0.53
0.61
0.41
0.87
0.50
0.66
-0.19
0.65
-1.06

0.93
1.65
1.57
3.02
1.65
0.83
1.61
0.57
0.74
-0.20
0.69
-1.04

0.17
0.99
0.79
2.20
2.40
0.04
0.20
0.84
1.03
-1.79
0.95
9.49

0.80
2.17
1.25
0.93
3.41
0.65
1.17
0.69
0.80
-0.33
0.79
-4.14

0.57
2.02
1.71
0.17
2.79
0.37
0.94
0.61
0.77
-0.31
0.75
-1.59

1.47
0.74
1.00
0.03
0.04
1.50
0.88
1.66
1.45
2.61
1.67
3.58

1.25
0.93
0.92
0.32
2.10
1.29
0.74
1.69
1.49
2.58
1.56
3.55

2.87
1.00
0.97
0.73
1.31
3.16
1.89
1.52
1.29
4.67
1.26
-9.38

1.80
0.92
1.31
1.17
0.42
1.90
1.13
1.60
1.46
2.89
1.65
7.12

1.73
0.55
0.74
0.08
0.33
1.89
1.05
1.64
1.40
3.03
1.50
4.88

0.53
1.50
1.79
1.17
0.66
0.49
0.97
0.55
0.71
-0.17
0.69
-1.06

0.70
1.67
1.63
2.99
0.70
0.57
1.44
0.49
0.63
-0.18
0.61
-0.93

0.23
0.45
0.43
0.74
0.52
0.20
0.26
0.90
1.09
-1.69
0.94
9.16

0.80
2.18
1.20
0.95
3.49
0.64
1.17
0.68
0.79
-0.34
0.78
-4.16

0.57
2.02
1.71
0.17
2.79
0.37
0.94
0.61
0.77
-0.31
0.75
-1.59

1.32
0.41
0.31
0.92
0.67
1.36
0.93
1.41
1.30
1.90
1.46
2.36

1.12
0.24
0.16
0.24
2.06
1.24
0.85
1.32
1.23
1.76
1.21
2.28

2.67
0.65
0.56
0.46
1.57
2.98
1.72
1.56
1.35
4.34
1.33
-8.05

1.54
0.18
0.21
0.31
0.14
1.69
1.19
1.29
1.22
1.96
1.20
4.56

1.04
0.39
0.19
0.01
0.75
1.13
0.79
1.32
1.13
2.41
1.23
3.85

0.50
1.12
1.39
0.55
0.34
0.48
0.89
0.56
0.70
-0.03
0.70
-0.78

0.77
1.54
1.48
2.47
1.65
0.66
1.43
0.54
0.67
-0.06
0.65
-0.73

0.36
1.06
1.07
2.38
0.52
0.26
0.46
0.79
0.93
-1.19
0.89
7.39

0.78
1.82
1.14
0.91
2.72
0.67
1.18
0.66
0.75
-0.11
0.78
-3.14

0.58
1.95
1.36
2.11
2.83
0.39
0.74
0.79
0.93
-0.02
0.85
-1.08

1.49
0.85
0.74
2.77
1.00
1.52
0.94
1.59
1.46
2.14
1.50
2.79

0.87
0.45
0.43
0.82
0.35
0.92
0.66
1.30
1.18
1.88
1.20
2.53

2.61
0.77
0.76
0.59
0.96
2.90
1.64
1.59
1.43
3.76
1.27
-6.48

1.29
0.44
0.59
2.74
0.08
1.39
0.95
1.37
1.28
2.16
1.33
4.99

1.09
0.31
0.28
1.13
0.22
1.20
0.81
1.34
1.14
2.44
1.22
3.93

EUR
EUR
%

15 920
50 908

16 520
55 577

16 795
6 774

18 961
31 958

19 421
58 172

31.27

29.73

247.94

59.33

33.38

1.32
-0.48
-2.75

1.40
-0.28
-4.96

0.77
-10.47
-0.07

1.62
-0.72
-2.26

1.01
-0.65
-1.55

1.56
2.50
0.62

1.11
2.19
0.51

1.05
14.54
0.07

0.81
3.19
0.25

0.76
3.30
0.23

0.75
-0.49
-1.52

1.42
-0.31
-4.57

0.85
-11.94
-0.07

1.61
-0.73
-2.21

1.18
-0.67
-1.77

1.50
2.93
0.51

0.80
2.73
0.29

0.89
16.08
0.06

0.70
3.31
0.21

0.71
3.49
0.20

0.84
-0.24
-3.48

1.36
-0.24
-5.57

0.89
-7.81
-0.11

1.64
-0.61
-2.68

1.18
-0.45
-2.59

1.10
2.65
0.41

0.94
2.41
0.39

1.07
20.04
0.05

0.62
3.53
0.18

0.98
3.56
0.28

0.77
-0.30
-2.58

1.33
-0.12
-11.04

0.59
-9.48
-0.06

1.49
-0.39
-3.81

1.07
-0.36
-2.93

0.96
2.22
0.43

0.90
2.04
0.44

0.83
11.64
0.07

0.98
2.61
0.38

0.81
2.89
0.28

EUR

1
22 466

1
62 656

1
71 294

2
40 519

2
81 689

1.16

1.00
0.74

0.53

0.30
-0.12

0.56

1.35

0.89

1.08
1.32

1.76
0.95

2.01
0.89

4.00
0.93

0.66
0.49

0.58

-0.16

0.62

1.90

1.36

1.76
1.83

1.20
2.57

1.03
1.53

1.00

0.65
0.38

0.00
0.86

0.32
-0.17

0.62

1.23

1.03

0.62
1.61

0.19
1.31

0.86

4.09
0.89

0.51
0.45

1.08

0.31
-0.24

0.16
0.65

1.85

2.39
1.32

1.69

2.48
2.21

2.22
1.13

years
%

51
5.1

51
5.5

51
5.3

49
4.9

49
5.0

1.06
0.77

1.00
1.01

1.03
1.08

1.00
0.77

1.00
1.07

0.98
1.03

1.01
0.73

1.02
0.94

1.00
1.00

1.00
0.80

1.08
0.73

1.01
1.01

1.01
1.08

1.00
0.77

1.01
1.07

0.92
1.22

0.92
1.04

0.95
1.12

0.95
1.24

0.95
1.04

1.07
0.77

1.03
1.01

1.00
1.08

1.00
0.77

1.01
1.07

0.93
1.04

0.97
1.01

1.00
0.83

1.02
1.15

0.97
1.02

1.06
0.87

0.99
1.02

0.99
0.96

0.99
0.81

1.01
1.07

0.90
1.00

0.96
1.08

0.96
1.12

0.95
1.63

0.96
0.70

5.8

4.4

3.9

5.5

7.9

1.81

0.52

0.76

0.91

1.15

0.84

0.53

1.68

1.11

0.66

1.77

0.58

0.94

0.95

1.00

1.27

1.35

1.82

1.68

1.11

0.96

0.59

0.85

0.97

1.00

1.26

1.84

1.34

1.45

0.76

1.32

0.55

0.77

0.75

0.99

1.05

1.00

1.02

1.24

0.55

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

94 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


Mixed farm
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
hectare
FTE
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
%
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR

2004
220 594
1 415 958
443 714
972 244
43.3
2.0

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008
242 125
1 573 622
522 365
1 051 257
40.1
1.9

255 117
1 654 135
513 690
1 140 444
42.5
1.8

341 606
1 752 527
610 131
1 142 397
42.0
2.1

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
318 943
2 187 297
604 810
1 582 487
45.5
2.0

0.55
0.75
0.90
0.68
1.14
0.74

0.78
0.76
0.89
0.70
0.86
1.04

0.71
0.75
1.13
0.58
0.91
0.88

0.48
0.66
0.82
0.57
0.78
0.62

0.61
0.75
0.78
0.74
1.04
0.74

1.24
1.34
0.81
1.58
0.92
1.14

1.13
1.24
1.16
1.29
1.20
1.00

1.02
1.24
0.81
1.43
1.19
1.08

1.21
1.27
0.86
1.49
1.10
1.26

1.00
0.95
0.65
1.07
0.69
1.13

0.55
0.75
0.90
0.68
1.14
0.74

0.52
0.70
0.77
0.67
0.90
0.95

0.43
0.52
0.73
0.42
0.77
0.80

0.39
0.56
0.72
0.48
0.70
0.58

0.53
0.68
0.67
0.69
0.83
0.74

1.46
1.39
1.11
1.51
1.02
1.05

1.61
1.47
1.75
1.34
1.31
0.95

1.48
1.26
1.02
1.37
1.06
0.99

1.92
1.70
1.46
1.83
1.50
1.40

1.58
1.44
1.28
1.50
1.24
1.10

0.57
0.74
0.88
0.68
1.23
0.75

0.44
0.69
0.78
0.65
0.98
0.80

0.41
0.51
0.69
0.43
0.79
0.75

0.39
0.56
0.72
0.48
0.70
0.58

0.56
0.75
0.76
0.74
1.11
0.70

1.67
1.27
1.23
1.29
0.67
1.64

1.52
1.17
1.28
1.12
0.85
1.22

1.56
1.16
1.04
1.21
0.79
1.30

1.78
1.26
1.09
1.36
0.75
1.60

1.26
0.83
0.63
0.90
0.59
1.55

0.60
0.76
0.91
0.70
1.12
0.77

0.52
0.74
0.74
0.74
0.95
0.87

0.51
0.55
0.83
0.42
0.79
0.84

0.49
0.55
0.66
0.49
0.76
0.80

0.58
0.70
0.77
0.68
0.89
0.89

1.58
1.06
1.25
0.98
0.78
1.52

1.51
1.07
1.57
0.82
1.00
1.27

1.41
0.83
0.99
0.75
0.98
1.24

1.60
1.07
1.40
0.89
1.07
1.47

1.47
0.76
0.96
0.68
0.84
1.46

50 827 41 091 37 081 41 333 34 867


10 853 16 504 16 198 19 758 19 794
8 881 14 271 14 943 15 483 18 530
935
1 585
949
640
775
1 038
649
306
3 635
489
39 974 24 586 20 883 21 575 15 073
21.96
15.89
13.67
11.44
10.29
231 448 258 629 271 315 361 364 338 736
183 713 190 602 198 842 278 810 250 708
47 735 68 027 72 473 82 554 88 028
29 265 28 435 31 204 40 681 41 293
18 470 39 592 41 269 41 873 46 735

0.71
1.49
1.42
1.90
1.72
0.50
1.19
0.60
0.75
0.03
0.90
-1.35

0.99
1.12
0.98
1.60
3.06
0.90
1.24
0.80
1.06
0.06
0.90
-0.54

1.01
0.82
0.80
1.34
0.04
1.16
1.40
0.72
1.00
-0.06
0.77
-0.68

0.68
0.53
0.66
0.23
0.03
0.81
1.39
0.49
0.65
-0.06
0.59
-0.69

1.08
1.21
1.13
2.34
2.73
0.90
1.67
0.65
0.81
0.17
0.71
-0.30

1.16
0.97
1.08
0.24
0.67
1.22
0.95
1.23
0.95
2.31
1.08
4.25

0.90
0.82
0.86
0.69
0.35
0.95
0.81
1.11
0.83
1.92
1.19
2.45

1.01
0.96
0.94
1.56
0.05
1.05
1.00
1.01
0.71
1.85
1.32
2.25

0.93
0.93
1.12
1.05
0.07
0.94
0.78
1.20
0.95
2.06
1.20
2.89

0.70
0.74
0.78
0.22
0.31
0.65
0.71
0.99
0.74
1.68
0.82
2.45

0.71
1.49
1.42
1.90
1.72
0.50
1.19
0.60
0.75
0.03
0.90
-1.35

0.76
1.04
0.82
1.88
3.65
0.57
1.37
0.55
0.77
-0.06
0.76
-0.65

0.74
0.59
0.57
1.13
0.00
0.86
1.68
0.44
0.70
-0.26
0.53
-0.86

0.53
0.37
0.45
0.33
0.04
0.67
1.37
0.38
0.56
-0.21
0.52
-0.91

0.89
0.97
0.85
2.66
2.94
0.79
1.62
0.55
0.71
0.09
0.61
-0.38

1.42
1.05
1.19
0.00
0.72
1.52
0.98
1.44
1.23
2.27
1.06
4.19

1.33
1.06
1.16
0.52
0.29
1.51
0.84
1.57
1.36
2.17
1.41
2.71

1.05
1.14
1.14
1.45
0.17
0.97
0.72
1.46
1.20
2.18
1.45
2.74

1.28
1.29
1.59
1.25
0.04
1.26
0.68
1.89
1.65
2.69
1.59
3.76

1.27
1.04
1.09
0.26
0.38
1.58
0.82
1.55
1.33
2.17
1.27
2.97

0.72
1.53
1.42
1.83
2.11
0.51
1.18
0.61
0.76
0.06
0.92
-1.29

0.79
1.09
0.90
1.83
3.40
0.59
1.65
0.48
0.66
-0.04
0.58
-0.49

0.75
0.69
0.65
1.49
0.03
0.80
1.77
0.43
0.66
-0.21
0.50
-0.75

0.53
0.37
0.45
0.33
0.04
0.67
1.37
0.38
0.56
-0.21
0.52
-0.91

1.22
1.44
1.34
2.99
2.81
0.93
2.01
0.61
0.75
0.21
0.72
-0.23

1.26
0.74
0.84
0.00
0.55
1.40
0.78
1.62
1.46
2.26
1.27
3.83

0.94
0.69
0.75
0.36
0.10
1.12
0.64
1.47
1.27
2.03
1.36
2.51

0.83
0.95
0.94
0.38
3.28
0.74
0.55
1.53
1.33
2.06
1.23
2.70

0.97
0.78
0.93
1.03
0.08
1.15
0.57
1.72
1.54
2.31
1.45
3.15

0.54
0.52
0.55
0.20
0.21
0.55
0.44
1.22
0.99
1.87
1.02
2.62

0.75
1.50
1.45
1.81
1.66
0.54
1.17
0.64
0.78
0.12
0.93
-1.17

0.85
1.11
0.91
1.89
3.70
0.68
1.54
0.55
0.77
-0.05
0.73
-0.60

0.78
0.66
0.56
1.23
3.33
0.88
1.50
0.52
0.77
-0.16
0.60
-0.74

0.60
0.47
0.53
0.40
0.22
0.72
1.22
0.49
0.66
-0.07
0.66
-0.77

0.95
0.93
0.82
2.45
2.79
0.96
1.56
0.60
0.73
0.25
0.70
-0.15

1.11
0.67
0.74
0.06
0.62
1.23
0.72
1.54
1.41
2.03
1.21
3.33

0.88
0.60
0.62
0.58
0.29
1.07
0.61
1.46
1.27
1.97
1.44
2.34

0.84
0.79
0.75
1.80
0.06
0.88
0.61
1.37
1.22
1.77
1.41
2.04

1.41
1.42
0.87
1.35
3.76
1.40
0.88
1.59
1.41
2.23
1.55
2.88

0.85
0.65
0.66
0.39
0.55
1.12
0.60
1.42
1.33
1.68
1.19
2.12

EUR
EUR
%

15 840
34 311

22 285
61 878

23 617
64 886

-8 120
33 753

35 129
81 864

46.17

36.02

36.40

-24.06

42.91

0.71
-0.40
-1.76

0.34
-0.22
-1.53

2.77
0.58
4.80

-1.71
-0.44
3.89

0.41
0.00
90.49

1.17
2.82
0.41

0.33
1.68
0.19

-0.02
1.42
-0.01

8.30
1.58
5.25

1.94
2.23
0.87

0.71
-0.40
-1.76

0.40
-0.27
-1.47

0.86
-0.24
-3.62

-2.20
0.50
-0.60
0.00
3.66 -182.60

1.29
2.85
0.45

0.57
1.94
0.29

0.46
1.91
0.24

-1.18
4.95
-0.24

0.17
1.77
0.10

0.68
0.08
8.05

0.39
-0.05
-8.45

3.08
-0.23
-13.13

-2.20
-0.51
4.34

0.69
0.23
3.02

1.36
3.14
0.43

0.53
2.23
0.24

0.40
2.31
0.18

-0.98
5.66
-0.17

0.23
2.01
0.11

0.70
-0.31
-2.27

0.39
-0.25
-1.59

0.83
-0.17
-4.80

-2.01
-0.48
4.23

0.66
0.20
3.35

1.24
2.36
0.53

0.21
1.58
0.14

0.31
1.41
0.22

-0.29
3.64
-0.08

0.29
1.33
0.22

EUR

6
21 958

11
34 648

8
84 091

9
81 930

13
50 729

1.93
0.31

0.04
0.47

1.56
1.84

0.00
1.62

0.27
0.38

0.40
3.69

1.57
1.35

0.44
0.42

0.95
1.02

1.65
0.77

1.93
0.31

0.04
0.33

1.91
2.19

0.00
1.55

0.47
0.33

0.00
3.66

1.11
2.07

0.05
0.59

0.49
1.88

0.27
2.32

1.86
0.28

0.04
0.30

1.77
2.02

0.00
1.55

0.28
0.39

0.11
3.71

0.83
1.80

0.67
1.12

1.45
0.02

1.87
0.89

1.68
0.32

0.00
0.47

2.41
2.33

0.98
0.52

0.80
0.44

0.41
3.06

1.37
1.54

0.53
0.72

0.62
2.22

1.56
1.11

years
%

52
5

54
6

53
6

53
6

53
6

0.98
0.70

1.00
0.80

0.99
1.06

1.07
0.87

1.04
1.00

1.00
1.11

0.93
0.76

1.07
1.08

1.00
1.02

1.02
0.97

0.98
0.70

1.01
0.80

0.98
1.07

1.09
0.00

1.06
1.00

0.98
1.08

0.91
0.73

1.00
1.07

0.97
0.90

0.99
0.90

0.98
0.70

1.04
0.79

0.99
0.92

1.09

1.05
1.00

0.98
1.11

0.88
0.81

0.93
1.08

0.90
0.90

1.06
0.00

0.98
0.83

1.00
0.80

0.98
1.07

1.10
0.69

1.07
1.00

0.97
1.14

0.92
0.77

0.91
1.03

0.91
1.08

0.97
1.05

32

36

37

35

43

1.13

0.77

0.31

0.66

0.37

0.61

1.70

2.12

1.93

1.32

1.13

0.88

0.14

0.58

0.40

0.30

1.14

1.48

1.22

1.22

1.20

0.86

0.13

0.58

0.33

0.40

1.05

1.16

1.22

1.24

1.20

0.89

0.25

0.80

0.48

0.50

1.13

1.60

1.57

0.77

Nursery/Greenhouses farm
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
hectare
FTE
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
%
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR
EUR

2004
551 886
1 186 695
625 930
560 765
6.7
6.2

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008
597 862
1 335 244
676 370
658 874
7.5
5.2

713 142
1 704 925
848 968
855 957
8.2
5.9

729 186
1 726 091
922 115
803 977
8.9
6.0

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
730 814
1 716 414
1 006 133
710 282
9.3
6.1

0.84
1.18
1.40
0.93
1.37
0.89

1.16
1.09
1.36
0.81
0.99
1.22

0.96
1.08
1.42
0.73
0.81
1.12

0.98
1.22
1.56
0.83
1.05
1.17

0.89
1.12
1.57
0.50
0.80
1.06

0.74
0.75
0.46
1.07
0.97
0.66

0.63
0.73
0.50
0.96
1.07
0.63

0.59
0.77
0.46
1.07
0.97
0.63

0.54
0.63
0.38
0.92
0.97
0.60

0.61
0.60
0.39
0.90
0.93
0.62

0.69
0.99
1.20
0.77
1.26
1.37

0.87
0.86
1.02
0.69
1.06
1.09

0.83
0.90
1.19
0.61
0.84
1.14

0.92
1.08
1.29
0.83
0.89
1.15

1.06
1.19
1.65
0.53
0.70
1.20

1.24
1.17
0.92
1.45
1.39
0.78

1.33
1.33
1.22
1.44
1.24
0.92

1.38
1.38
1.07
1.69
1.49
0.94

1.31
1.35
1.16
1.57
1.31
0.88

1.02
0.98
0.69
1.39
1.39
0.72

0.72
1.18
1.23
1.11
2.55
0.77

0.57
0.80
0.80
0.80
2.25
0.68

0.59
0.92
1.03
0.80
2.14
0.78

0.73
1.03
1.12
0.91
2.08
0.90

0.95
1.20
1.54
0.71
1.18
1.07

1.39
1.04
1.04
1.05
0.21
1.69

1.55
1.40
1.39
1.42
0.21
1.44

1.67
1.52
1.64
1.40
0.21
1.46

1.70
1.40
1.52
1.27
0.21
1.39

1.21
0.92
1.00
0.80
0.18
0.97

0.73
1.03
1.38
0.64
1.35
1.29

0.70
0.93
0.93
0.94
1.38
0.84

0.71
1.06
1.11
1.02
1.14
0.89

0.88
1.09
1.16
1.01
0.95
1.05

1.05
1.18
1.45
0.81
0.71
1.09

1.25
0.83
1.00
0.63
0.53
1.03

1.22
0.85
1.16
0.53
0.94
1.17

1.12
0.70
1.04
0.36
0.70
1.02

1.43
1.03
1.37
0.64
0.99
1.28

1.18
0.82
1.09
0.44
0.74
1.00

11 123 12 130 24 878 20 698 17 133


1 000
2 972
5 227
4 009
3 704
155
512
619
737
693
106
170
284
214
393
738
2 289
4 324
3 058
2 618
10 123
9 158 19 650 16 689 13 429
2.01
2.02
3.46
2.82
2.33
552 886 600 833 718 369 733 195 734 518
444 546 462 232 573 918 616 985 645 626
108 339 138 601 144 451 116 210 88 892
64 296 65 916 77 864 87 002 94 678
44 043 72 685 66 587 29 208
-5 786

0.77
1.89
1.49
2.66
1.86
0.66
0.92
0.84
1.10
-0.22
0.86
-1.79

0.98
0.84
0.83
1.80
0.77
1.03
0.85
1.15
1.43
0.24
1.04
-0.48

1.15
1.36
0.40
0.79
1.53
1.09
1.19
0.96
1.24
-0.17
0.99
-1.52

1.23
2.11
0.84
3.18
2.35
1.02
1.25
0.99
1.29
-0.63
1.20
-6.07

1.09
2.03
1.26
2.21
2.21
0.83
1.22
0.89
1.17
-1.14
1.15
36.39

0.84
0.40
1.07
0.10
0.30
0.89
1.15
0.74
0.55
1.51
0.70
2.69

0.63
0.47
1.34
0.10
0.30
0.69
1.01
0.62
0.47
1.13
0.65
1.56

0.60
0.57
1.39
1.67
0.38
0.61
1.01
0.59
0.44
1.20
0.60
1.89

0.52
0.30
1.35
0.34
0.05
0.57
0.95
0.54
0.40
1.31
0.43
3.94

0.56
0.27
1.05
0.59
0.02
0.64
0.92
0.61
0.46
1.70
0.51
-17.66

0.57
1.02
1.32
0.30
1.06
0.52
0.82
0.69
0.91
-0.22
0.73
-1.60

0.80
0.72
0.93
2.09
0.57
0.83
0.93
0.87
1.08
0.17
0.75
-0.36

0.95
1.11
0.53
0.71
1.22
0.91
1.14
0.83
1.06
-0.05
0.84
-1.10

1.10
1.68
0.60
2.60
1.87
0.96
1.19
0.92
1.16
-0.34
1.04
-4.45

1.20
1.98
0.95
2.04
2.25
0.98
1.12
1.07
1.32
-0.79
1.41
35.24

1.34
0.89
1.33
0.33
0.88
1.38
1.08
1.24
1.01
2.17
1.20
3.59

1.34
1.10
1.17
0.60
1.12
1.42
1.01
1.32
1.12
2.00
1.42
2.52

1.33
1.16
1.68
2.06
1.03
1.37
0.96
1.38
1.19
2.14
1.34
3.08

1.16
0.66
1.51
0.37
0.48
1.28
0.89
1.31
1.11
2.35
1.33
5.36

0.92
0.48
1.94
0.70
0.07
1.04
0.90
1.02
0.82
2.47
0.85
-23.98

0.88
1.65
3.72
0.50
1.39
0.80
1.22
0.72
0.89
0.02
0.78
-1.09

0.89
1.31
3.65
2.18
0.72
0.76
1.55
0.58
0.67
0.28
0.57
0.01

0.87
1.38
3.01
1.00
1.17
0.74
1.48
0.59
0.75
-0.01
0.65
-0.79

1.04
1.99
3.25
2.46
1.65
0.81
1.40
0.74
0.92
-0.18
0.83
-3.21

1.11
1.85
2.12
2.33
1.71
0.90
1.15
0.96
1.20
-0.77
1.23
31.92

1.26
0.74
0.00
0.09
0.99
1.31
0.90
1.39
1.26
1.92
1.39
2.68

1.52
1.58
0.00
0.94
1.98
1.50
0.98
1.55
1.47
1.82
1.71
1.91

1.34
1.35
0.00
1.78
1.51
1.34
0.80
1.67
1.58
2.04
1.77
2.35

1.36
0.83
0.01
0.24
1.07
1.48
0.80
1.69
1.59
2.25
1.84
3.48

0.96
0.47
0.00
0.65
0.57
1.09
0.80
1.20
1.08
2.08
1.18
-12.54

0.76
1.54
1.80
0.26
1.67
0.68
1.03
0.73
0.93
-0.09
0.88
-1.50

0.88
1.25
2.60
1.31
0.94
0.76
1.25
0.71
0.82
0.33
0.73
-0.03

0.88
1.21
1.18
0.89
1.23
0.79
1.23
0.71
0.87
0.09
0.85
-0.80

1.01
1.55
0.97
2.48
1.62
0.88
1.15
0.88
1.04
0.06
0.98
-2.67

1.10
1.49
0.97
1.40
1.64
1.00
1.05
1.05
1.21
-0.08
1.30
22.49

1.15
0.51
0.00
0.04
0.69
1.21
0.92
1.25
1.11
1.83
1.11
2.88

1.03
0.42
0.24
1.39
0.39
1.23
0.85
1.22
1.15
1.44
1.23
1.64

1.00
1.00
0.36
0.79
1.10
1.00
0.89
1.12
1.11
1.17
1.01
1.37

1.18
0.80
0.66
0.11
0.89
1.27
0.83
1.43
1.36
1.80
1.42
2.95

1.07
0.86
0.44
0.40
1.04
1.13
0.91
1.18
1.10
1.78
1.05
-10.04

EUR
EUR
%

5 176
49 219

9 343
82 028

10 658
77 245

2 171
31 379

16 022
10 236

10.52

11.39

13.80

6.92

156.53

0.96
-1.50
-0.63

1.35
-0.27
-5.02

1.69
-1.08
-1.57

7.74
-5.12
-1.51

1.33
-18.49
-0.07

0.91
2.50
0.37

0.84
1.48
0.57

0.87
1.75
0.50

-1.03
3.60
-0.29

1.13
11.76
0.10

0.96
-1.33
-0.72

1.43
-0.15
-9.27

1.44
-0.75
-1.92

6.09
-3.72
-1.64

1.54
-17.51
-0.09

1.15
3.33
0.35

0.39
2.27
0.17

0.54
2.73
0.20

-0.05
4.99
-0.01

1.13
15.33
0.07

1.04
0.04
24.24

1.66
0.47
3.55

1.89
-0.03
-73.52

5.55
-0.68
-8.11

1.12
-6.67
-0.17

1.18
4.22
0.28

1.00
3.07
0.33

0.41
3.81
0.11

1.06
8.33
0.13

0.54
18.05
0.03

0.94
-1.24
-0.76

1.32
0.13
10.39

1.52
-0.48
-3.16

4.83
-2.15
-2.25

1.28
-10.71
-0.12

0.76
2.66
0.29

0.69
1.53
0.45

0.55
1.25
0.44

3.35
2.97
1.12

0.94
7.14
0.13

EUR

2
82 321

2
3
75 040 172 058

3
82 358

3
73 207

0.25
1.24

1.50
0.78

1.34
1.58

0.73
2.73

0.41
1.44

1.53
0.48

0.75
0.50

1.20
0.56

1.09
0.20

1.52
0.59

0.30
0.78

2.89
0.32

1.47
1.27

0.64
1.91

1.29
1.20

0.28
1.36

0.16
1.15

0.29
1.07

0.67
1.12

1.29
0.94

1.97
1.00

3.72
0.10

3.13
1.04

2.57
1.63

1.75
1.19

0.13
1.13

0.16
1.83

0.00
1.89

0.56
1.09

1.05
1.29

0.84
0.95

2.53
0.24

0.85
1.11

1.07
1.69

0.72
1.26

0.20
0.96

1.05
1.21

1.34
0.85

1.10
0.57

1.06
1.10

years
%

49
5.0

49
5.3

49
5.3

49
5.6

49
5.5

0.98
1.10

0.97
1.01

1.00
0.84

1.01
1.11

0.99
1.01

1.01
0.98

1.02
1.04

1.01
1.04

1.02
1.02

1.02
1.11

1.01
0.97

0.99
0.99

1.00
0.90

1.03
1.10

1.00
1.01

0.99
0.94

0.96
1.07

0.98
1.13

0.96
1.18

0.97
1.13

1.00
1.20

0.99
1.20

1.00
1.18

0.99
1.19

1.00
1.03

0.97
0.83

0.98
0.84

0.98
0.92

0.96
0.91

0.96
0.83

1.01
1.12

1.01
0.95

1.01
0.99

0.98
0.99

1.02
0.87

0.98
0.79

0.98
1.07

0.99
1.21

0.98
1.00

0.98
1.26

19

25

25

28

29

1.16

0.87

0.89

1.09

1.16

0.98

1.22

1.02

0.98

1.01

1.10

1.07

1.07

0.99

1.18

1.09

1.04

1.17

1.13

1.29

1.65

1.36

1.40

1.41

1.15

0.56

0.57

0.63

0.77

0.70

1.28

1.11

0.99

1.22

0.94

0.55

1.06

1.02

1.21

1.06

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

95

Annex Table B.12 Average characteristics of high and low performers, England, for selected farm types, by performance indicator, 2004-09
All farm types
Output-input ratio
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007

2008

2009

Net operating income per working unit

Net operating income per UAA

Net operating income per net worth

Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009

GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP
hectare
FTE

168 438
725 079
94 744
630 335
128
2.7

154 245
813 649
105 327
708 322
131
2.8

182 637
965 331
117 806
847 526
134
2.8

204 758
1 100 937
126 805
974 132
136
2.7

197 957
1 212 781
132 582
1 080 199
139
2.7

0.77
0.83
1.23
0.77
0.83
0.98

0.36
0.84
0.98
0.82
1.00
0.66

0.33
0.84
0.92
0.83
0.91
0.65

0.41
0.86
1.03
0.84
0.88
0.73

0.48
0.95
1.11
0.93
1.03
0.70

0.81
1.03
0.43
1.12
0.90
0.77

1.24
1.14
0.58
1.23
0.93
1.06

1.12
1.15
0.56
1.23
0.99
0.93

0.94
1.05
0.56
1.12
0.92
0.78

0.97
0.94
0.58
0.99
0.84
0.92

0.66
0.77
1.12
0.72
0.77
0.99

0.59
1.02
1.34
0.97
1.24
0.69

0.43
0.87
1.08
0.84
0.97
0.68

0.47
0.89
1.10
0.86
0.90
0.77

0.58
1.03
1.26
1.01
1.13
0.71

1.47
1.51
1.09
1.57
1.43
0.90

1.60
1.30
0.94
1.35
1.12
1.09

1.44
1.35
0.95
1.41
1.27
0.86

1.62
1.44
1.13
1.48
1.44
0.96

1.66
1.31
1.13
1.34
1.19
1.09

0.60
0.81
1.13
0.76
0.93
0.88

0.58
0.89
1.24
0.84
0.87
0.85

0.48
0.82
1.11
0.78
0.83
0.79

0.48
0.89
1.14
0.86
0.85
0.80

0.62
0.99
1.29
0.95
0.97
0.79

1.56
0.97
0.96
0.97
0.58
1.43

1.78
1.02
0.94
1.03
0.71
1.53

1.71
1.05
0.92
1.07
0.73
1.57

1.71
0.93
0.99
0.92
0.69
1.51

1.84
0.96
1.16
0.93
0.67
1.63

0.60
0.91
1.04
0.90
0.82
0.88

0.71
0.75
1.36
0.66
1.14
0.88

0.58
0.78
1.17
0.72
0.97
0.86

0.53
0.84
1.12
0.80
0.90
0.82

0.66
0.88
1.33
0.82
1.10
0.85

1.65
0.69
1.20
0.62
0.97
1.39

1.85
0.88
1.15
0.84
0.83
1.57

1.86
0.83
1.21
0.78
0.99
1.58

1.84
0.73
1.19
0.67
1.04
1.57

1.84
0.76
1.17
0.71
0.84
1.57

GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP
%
GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP

69 410
40 541
37 289
2 940
312
28 868
33.2
208 980
137 166
71 814
16 036
55 778

50 118
29 653
24 554
4 959
140
20 465
27.3
183 898
143 808
40 090
17 074
23 016

45 812
30 368
24 186
5 976
206
15 444
21.5
213 004
158 217
54 787
18 255
36 533

47 845
33 410
26 642
6 315
453
14 435
20.1
238 167
173 481
64 687
17 503
47 184

52 255
37 437
30 379
6 752
306
14 818
22.2
235 394
178 306
57 088
19 256
37 833

0.73
0.76
0.72
1.28
0.55
0.69
0.95
0.77
1.01
0.30
0.88
0.14

0.84
0.98
0.89
1.46
0.37
0.65
1.83
0.46
0.59
-0.01
0.70
-0.54

0.88
0.96
0.82
1.52
0.97
0.73
2.10
0.42
0.56
0.03
0.67
-0.30

0.79
0.86
0.80
1.14
0.14
0.63
1.67
0.47
0.60
0.13
0.59
-0.04

0.94
1.06
1.02
1.28
0.34
0.65
1.65
0.57
0.68
0.24
0.70
0.00

0.87
0.88
0.90
0.71
0.99
0.86
1.06
0.82
0.57
1.30
0.87
1.42

0.95
0.91
0.95
0.69
1.71
1.00
0.80
1.19
0.92
2.14
1.14
2.88

0.90
0.97
1.04
0.71
0.95
0.77
0.82
1.10
0.80
1.97
1.05
2.43

0.94
0.94
0.96
0.81
1.99
0.94
1.01
0.94
0.68
1.62
1.00
1.84

0.82
0.81
0.82
0.73
1.29
0.84
0.87
0.94
0.74
1.57
0.92
1.91

0.59
0.66
0.63
1.13
0.55
0.47
0.88
0.66
0.89
0.24
0.79
0.08

1.12
1.28
1.21
1.65
0.35
0.89
1.60
0.70
0.86
0.12
0.96
-0.50

0.96
1.03
0.91
1.51
0.86
0.81
1.85
0.52
0.68
0.04
0.78
-0.33

0.82
0.88
0.83
1.15
0.16
0.69
1.56
0.53
0.68
0.14
0.63
-0.05

1.05
1.17
1.15
1.29
0.35
0.74
1.55
0.67
0.80
0.29
0.80
0.03

1.62
1.59
1.66
0.81
0.72
1.67
1.08
1.50
1.24
1.99
1.46
2.14

1.21
1.10
1.16
0.79
2.20
1.38
0.80
1.52
1.27
2.42
1.36
3.21

1.23
1.26
1.35
0.92
0.64
1.17
0.87
1.41
1.13
2.23
1.34
2.68

1.46
1.45
1.50
1.19
2.03
1.50
0.92
1.59
1.34
2.27
1.56
2.53

1.30
1.19
1.23
1.00
1.50
1.58
0.82
1.58
1.40
2.17
1.43
2.55

0.67
0.79
0.73
1.56
0.68
0.50
1.05
0.64
0.81
0.32
0.82
0.18

0.90
0.94
0.88
1.24
0.39
0.84
1.40
0.64
0.84
-0.08
0.86
-0.81

0.89
0.92
0.82
1.33
0.97
0.83
1.64
0.54
0.74
-0.01
0.77
-0.41

0.80
0.85
0.81
1.07
0.16
0.66
1.48
0.54
0.69
0.13
0.64
-0.06

0.95
1.01
1.02
1.02
0.47
0.77
1.40
0.68
0.84
0.19
0.80
-0.12

1.00
0.51
0.52
0.28
1.17
1.71
0.74
1.35
1.42
1.21
1.14
1.23

0.93
0.69
0.72
0.49
2.30
1.28
0.58
1.60
1.47
2.05
1.30
2.65

0.85
0.71
0.78
0.44
1.05
1.13
0.54
1.57
1.44
1.94
1.28
2.28

0.90
0.69
0.72
0.45
2.12
1.43
0.58
1.57
1.52
1.68
1.38
1.79

0.89
0.65
0.70
0.41
1.31
1.51
0.54
1.65
1.61
1.76
1.31
2.00

0.62
0.73
0.69
1.31
0.57
0.45
0.99
0.62
0.79
0.30
0.80
0.15

1.09
1.16
1.11
1.46
0.48
0.99
1.40
0.78
0.97
0.11
0.89
-0.47

1.00
1.03
0.92
1.48
0.78
0.94
1.55
0.64
0.84
0.08
0.83
-0.30

0.84
0.88
0.84
1.12
0.16
0.73
1.45
0.58
0.74
0.16
0.65
-0.02

1.02
1.11
1.09
1.21
0.47
0.79
1.40
0.73
0.88
0.26
0.84
-0.03

1.25
0.91
0.93
0.67
0.75
1.73
0.83
1.51
1.53
1.47
1.21
1.55

1.00
0.76
0.80
0.57
2.33
1.35
0.60
1.68
1.55
2.12
1.31
2.72

1.04
0.93
1.01
0.62
1.09
1.26
0.60
1.73
1.62
2.04
1.34
2.39

1.15
0.98
1.02
0.75
2.03
1.52
0.67
1.72
1.68
1.84
1.41
2.00

1.00
0.76
0.81
0.52
1.52
1.60
0.60
1.67
1.63
1.80
1.31
2.05

GBP
GBP
%

71 814

12 892
40 090
32.2

14 372
54 787
26.2

14 831
64 687
22.9

57 088

0.30

1.20
-0.01
-12.81

1.21
0.03
46.90

1.15
0.13
8.96

0.24

1.30

0.79
2.14
0.37

0.93
1.97
0.47

0.86
1.62
0.53

1.57

0.24

1.31
0.12
10.84

1.28
0.04
33.18

1.15
0.14
8.46

0.29

1.99

0.79
2.42
0.33

0.98
2.23
0.44

0.94
2.27
0.42

2.17

0.32

1.21
-0.08
-15.81

1.21
-0.01
-94.32

1.16
0.13
9.01

0.19

1.21

0.81
2.05
0.40

0.88
1.94
0.45

0.79
1.68
0.47

1.76

0.30

1.17
0.11
10.81

1.21
0.08
15.27

1.17
0.16
7.37

0.26

1.47

0.78
2.12
0.37

0.97
2.04
0.48

0.79
1.84
0.43

1.80

%
GBP

4%
4 028.9

5%
6 376.5

6%
10 680.0

6%
16 739.7

6%
17 326.8

1.47
0.50

1.27
0.15

1.24
0.01

1.15
0.88

1.27
0.24

1.50
1.07

1.30
0.61

1.03
1.52

1.23
1.07

1.11
0.98

1.28
0.38

1.06
1.33

1.16
0.27

1.20
0.87

1.13
0.68

0.63
2.23

1.21
0.92

0.66
2.14

0.59
2.08

0.65
1.68

1.38
-0.06

1.32
0.59

1.28
0.28

1.21
0.88

1.17
0.60

1.28
1.88

1.29
1.28

1.08
1.55

0.98
1.78

0.96
1.49

1.15
0.66

0.96
1.50

1.00
0.28

1.25
0.85

0.91
0.71

1.37
1.81

1.36
1.47

0.93
2.25

0.73
1.62

0.87
1.20

years
%

53
54%

54
54%

54
56%

55
57%

55
57%

1.02
1.09

1.04
1.04

1.03
1.00

1.04
0.99

1.03
1.05

0.98
0.95

0.98
0.98

1.00
1.00

0.99
1.00

0.99
0.92

1.04
1.05

1.02
1.12

1.02
1.04

1.03
1.02

1.02
1.11

0.97
1.10

0.98
1.03

0.98
1.10

0.97
1.10

0.98
1.08

1.03
1.04

1.04
1.10

1.02
1.02

1.04
1.02

1.02
1.09

0.98
1.04

0.98
1.00

0.98
1.05

0.96
1.08

0.97
1.10

1.03
1.04

1.02
1.08

1.01
1.00

1.03
1.00

1.01
1.10

0.97
1.08

0.97
1.04

0.97
1.12

0.96
1.11

0.97
1.06

12%

10%

10%

9%

10%

1.20

1.88

2.28

1.92

1.38

0.99

0.55

0.34

0.52

0.77

1.21

1.51

2.06

1.88

1.23

0.68

0.33

0.22

0.27

0.55

1.52

1.13

1.90

1.60

1.01

0.45

0.36

0.31

0.34

0.35

1.27

1.63

2.11

1.91

1.29

0.65

0.41

0.34

0.39

0.70

Field crop farm


Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
GBP
Total farm assets
GBP
Total farm liabilities
GBP
Farm net worth
GBP
Utilized Agricultural Area
hectare
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
FTE
Support
Total support
GBP
Total payments
GBP
First pillar payments
GBP
Second pillar payments
GBP
Other payments
GBP
Market price support
GBP
Support rate
%
Gross receipts
GBP
Farm cash expenses
GBP
Net operating income (including support) (including support)
GBP
Depreciation
GBP
Farm income
GBP
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
GBP
Farm household income
GBP
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007

2008

2009

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009

199 350
1 085 179
120 920
964 259
212
2.6

167 699
1 200 249
123 934
1 076 315
205
2.5

201 584
1 373 651
134 202
1 239 450
206
2.4

225 679
1 602 557
150 547
1 452 010
207
2.3

209 504
1 787 919
158 400
1 629 519
208
2.4

0.87
0.88
1.37
0.82
0.95
1.04

0.57
0.85
1.17
0.81
0.93
0.75

0.77
0.95
1.49
0.89
1.01
1.10

0.57
0.89
1.34
0.84
0.84
0.85

0.64
0.89
1.37
0.85
0.94
0.78

0.90
1.10
0.53
1.17
0.87
0.81

1.24
1.13
0.47
1.20
0.96
1.11

0.91
1.04
0.27
1.12
0.78
0.80

1.06
1.04
0.62
1.08
0.91
0.91

1.19
1.10
0.74
1.14
0.91
0.95

0.76
0.77
1.19
0.72
0.82
1.04

0.74
0.96
1.59
0.89
1.11
0.78

0.75
0.92
1.44
0.87
0.99
1.09

0.57
0.90
1.34
0.85
0.83
0.86

0.71
0.90
1.39
0.85
1.00
0.75

1.41
1.41
1.05
1.45
1.30
0.91

1.57
1.34
0.85
1.40
1.19
1.15

1.25
1.27
0.86
1.32
1.12
0.81

1.48
1.28
1.04
1.30
1.32
0.92

1.52
1.40
1.16
1.42
1.25
1.02

0.77
0.82
1.24
0.77
0.90
0.93

0.64
0.82
1.26
0.77
0.92
0.82

0.76
0.94
1.49
0.88
1.02
1.06

0.57
0.90
1.33
0.86
0.86
0.85

0.70
0.91
1.44
0.86
0.93
0.85

1.23
1.09
0.63
1.14
0.89
1.13

1.40
1.08
0.56
1.14
0.88
1.27

1.28
1.08
0.52
1.14
0.87
1.12

1.45
1.06
0.76
1.09
1.00
1.27

1.50
1.10
0.94
1.11
0.98
1.42

0.71
0.89
1.11
0.86
0.85
0.88

0.73
0.69
1.46
0.60
1.00
0.84

0.76
0.96
1.40
0.91
1.01
1.07

0.56
0.95
1.26
0.92
0.82
0.85

0.75
0.79
1.42
0.73
1.03
0.91

1.45
0.70
1.07
0.65
1.13
1.26

1.52
0.91
0.93
0.91
1.01
1.46

1.38
0.68
1.10
0.63
1.03
1.17

1.61
0.70
1.12
0.66
1.20
1.34

1.53
0.85
1.03
0.84
1.01
1.41

100 195
80 322
77 129
3 131
62
19 872
35.8
279 672
159 719
119 953
23 836
96 116

58 769
46 889
40 373
6 496
20
11 880
27.4
214 588
155 238
59 350
23 320
36 030

58 280
47 171
38 408
8 760
4
11 109
23.4
248 755
163 462
85 293
24 540
60 753

63 451
51 855
42 659
9 167
29
11 596
22.9
277 534
180 412
97 122
23 188
73 934

67 145
58 597
48 889
9 598
110
8 548
25.0
268 101
196 080
72 021
25 915
46 106

0.90
0.94
0.91
1.46
2.43
0.74
1.01
0.89
1.12
0.58
0.97
0.49

0.92
0.98
0.93
1.28
0.00
0.66
1.38
0.66
0.86
0.14
0.84
-0.30

1.08
1.10
1.01
1.48
1.22
1.00
1.30
0.83
1.11
0.30
1.03
0.01

0.86
0.92
0.86
1.22
1.02
0.59
1.36
0.64
0.82
0.29
0.67
0.17

0.92
0.96
0.95
1.02
0.42
0.69
1.30
0.71
0.89
0.22
0.73
-0.07

0.89
0.87
0.89
0.36
0.16
0.95
0.99
0.90
0.68
1.18
0.91
1.24

0.94
0.91
0.93
0.77
0.23
1.10
0.81
1.17
0.91
1.83
1.13
2.28

0.74
0.75
0.79
0.57
0.00
0.70
0.84
0.88
0.61
1.39
0.81
1.63

0.93
0.89
0.91
0.78
0.00
1.09
0.90
1.03
0.78
1.48
1.06
1.62

0.96
0.92
0.94
0.78
2.11
1.28
0.85
1.13
0.92
1.70
1.11
2.04

0.76
0.79
0.77
1.28
2.23
0.64
0.99
0.77
0.99
0.48
0.86
0.38

1.14
1.19
1.16
1.39
0.00
0.96
1.36
0.84
1.06
0.28
0.98
-0.18

1.07
1.08
0.99
1.47
1.22
1.00
1.32
0.81
1.08
0.29
0.99
0.01

0.85
0.91
0.85
1.19
1.01
0.58
1.34
0.63
0.82
0.28
0.68
0.16

0.97
1.02
1.01
1.05
0.06
0.70
1.25
0.78
0.97
0.26
0.76
-0.02

1.36
1.32
1.35
0.61
0.05
1.51
0.98
1.39
1.20
1.64
1.33
1.72

1.14
1.11
1.14
0.87
0.23
1.25
0.77
1.47
1.21
2.13
1.35
2.63

1.01
1.05
1.11
0.79
0.00
0.81
0.83
1.22
0.94
1.74
1.10
2.00

1.28
1.28
1.29
1.22
0.00
1.27
0.89
1.44
1.21
1.87
1.31
2.05

1.29
1.27
1.28
1.22
2.07
1.45
0.88
1.46
1.23
2.09
1.41
2.48

0.84
0.89
0.86
1.48
1.51
0.63
1.04
0.80
1.00
0.54
0.90
0.45

0.99
1.00
0.97
1.19
0.00
0.95
1.37
0.72
0.94
0.15
0.90
-0.33

1.08
1.10
1.02
1.49
1.22
1.00
1.31
0.83
1.10
0.30
1.01
0.02

0.88
0.94
0.88
1.23
1.01
0.60
1.37
0.64
0.83
0.30
0.67
0.18

0.90
0.93
0.94
0.93
0.42
0.68
1.20
0.75
0.96
0.19
0.77
-0.14

1.01
0.87
0.90
0.32
0.11
1.56
0.90
1.13
1.01
1.28
1.15
1.31

0.92
0.82
0.85
0.63
0.23
1.29
0.72
1.27
1.06
1.82
1.22
2.21

0.89
0.82
0.87
0.60
0.99
1.19
0.75
1.19
0.96
1.64
1.13
1.85

1.09
0.96
0.99
0.82
0.00
1.68
0.80
1.35
1.17
1.70
1.31
1.82

1.03
0.95
1.00
0.72
2.11
1.53
0.75
1.38
1.21
1.84
1.33
2.12

0.77
0.82
0.81
1.16
1.42
0.55
1.03
0.74
0.92
0.51
0.88
0.41

1.07
1.08
1.05
1.27
0.00
1.03
1.33
0.81
1.02
0.25
0.87
-0.15

1.08
1.10
1.01
1.49
1.22
1.01
1.32
0.82
1.09
0.31
1.01
0.03

0.83
0.89
0.83
1.16
1.01
0.58
1.34
0.62
0.81
0.28
0.68
0.16

1.01
1.04
1.02
1.18
0.53
0.76
1.23
0.82
1.01
0.30
0.87
-0.02

1.21
1.09
1.10
1.01
0.57
1.68
0.90
1.35
1.33
1.37
1.23
1.40

1.00
0.92
0.94
0.76
3.71
1.34
0.72
1.39
1.21
1.85
1.28
2.23

0.98
0.96
1.00
0.77
0.98
1.07
0.76
1.30
1.18
1.53
1.10
1.70

1.18
1.10
1.14
0.91
0.00
1.55
0.78
1.51
1.43
1.68
1.35
1.78

1.02
0.95
1.00
0.70
2.10
1.50
0.73
1.40
1.28
1.73
1.30
1.98

119 953

12 766
59 350
21.5

16 243
85 293
19.0

17 386
97 122
17.9

72 021

0.58

1.20
0.14
8.35

1.17
0.30
3.85

1.07
0.29
3.69

0.22

1.18

0.81
1.83
0.44

0.86
1.39
0.61

0.78
1.48
0.52

1.70

0.48

1.19
0.28
4.30

1.15
0.29
3.94

1.06
0.28
3.78

0.26

1.64

0.80
2.13
0.38

1.17
1.74
0.67

0.93
1.87
0.49

2.09

0.54

0.99
0.15
6.52

1.17
0.30
3.84

1.09
0.30
3.65

0.19

1.28

0.79
1.82
0.43

0.76
1.64
0.46

0.73
1.70
0.43

1.84

0.51

1.22
0.25
4.91

1.17
0.31
3.71

1.09
0.28
3.88

0.30

1.37

0.79
1.85
0.43

0.86
1.53
0.56

0.82
1.68
0.49

1.73

%
GBP

2%
4 963.8

2%
7 324.2

2%
18 729.8

3%
18 325.4

3%
15 363.5

1.69
1.19

1.24
0.15

1.48
0.43

1.84
0.97

1.35
0.28

0.37
1.43

1.84
-0.35

0.55
0.59

1.12
0.96

1.10
1.51

1.80
1.03

1.24
2.09

1.48
0.40

1.83
0.99

1.15
-0.62

0.56
2.39

1.25
-0.45

0.00
1.92

0.46
1.64

0.60
1.87

1.93
1.19

1.24
0.19

1.48
0.36

1.83
1.24

1.18
0.17

0.96
1.90

1.77
-0.26

1.11
1.31

1.19
1.94

0.90
1.80

1.66
1.53

1.23
2.46

1.62
0.33

1.83
1.65

1.12
-0.16

1.23
1.56

2.34
0.94

1.25
2.20

0.75
1.61

0.97
0.76

years
%

54
60%

55
60%

55
65%

56
64%

56
64%

1.02
1.01

1.04
1.08

1.03
1.11

1.04
1.02

1.04
1.05

0.98
1.01

0.97
1.01

0.99
0.94

0.95
1.04

0.99
0.91

1.03
0.99

1.03
1.06

1.04
1.09

1.04
0.99

1.03
1.09

0.99
1.13

0.98
1.09

0.98
1.01

0.99
1.10

1.00
1.04

1.03
1.00

1.02
1.07

1.03
1.13

1.04
1.02

1.04
0.98

0.99
1.04

0.99
0.95

0.98
0.92

0.95
1.06

1.00
0.97

1.01
0.96

1.02
1.00

1.03
1.12

1.05
0.94

1.02
1.02

0.98
1.01

0.97
0.94

0.97
0.99

0.97
1.07

1.00
0.96

1%

1%

1%

0%

0%

1.41

3.10

3.15

2.53

4.02

0.64

0.26

2.61

2.51

4.06

1.00

3.09

3.17

2.52

4.01

0.00
0.00

0.00
0.70

0.00
0.34

0.00
0.00

0.00
0.00

0.00

3.07

3.16

2.51

4.03

0.78

0.00

0.86

0.00

0.00

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

96 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


Fruit and vegetable farm
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007

2008

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009
2004 2006 2007 2008
2009
2004 2006 2007 2008
2009
2004 2006 2007 2008
2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009
2004 2006 2007 2008
2009
2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009
2004 2006 2007 2008
2009

GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP
hectare
FTE

225,822
455,919
75,658
380,262
27.5729
5.8963

340,107
571,691
119,681
452,010
41.4485
7.9353

349,137
717,129
145,278
571,851
42.4957
8.4755

388,538
751,144
188,112
563,033
40.7822
8.7180

396,970
781,258
151,453
629,805
39.6198
8.3021

0.40
1.04
1.01
1.05
0.95
0.68

0.71
0.79
1.01
0.73
0.67
1.06

1.12
1.17
1.59
1.06
1.44
1.32

0.79
1.03
1.54
0.87
1.11
0.95

0.78
1.21
1.86
1.05
0.93
0.88

0.48
0.55
0.50
0.56
0.60
0.45

0.79
0.86
0.67
0.91
0.58
0.66

0.55
0.63
0.64
0.63
0.70
0.56

0.32
0.84
0.26
1.04
0.30
0.23

0.37
0.60
0.12
0.72
0.48
0.41

0.51
1.10
1.26
1.06
1.12
0.77

0.67
0.78
0.91
0.75
0.68
1.04

1.06
1.19
1.56
1.10
1.55
1.30

1.14
1.35
2.03
1.12
1.26
1.32

0.42
1.07
1.18
1.05
0.75
0.59

1.42
0.90
0.92
0.89
0.89
0.88

1.34
1.25
1.08
1.30
1.26
0.92

0.81
0.97
0.54
1.08
1.02
0.53

0.44
0.87
0.36
1.04
0.57
0.28

1.52
1.36
1.21
1.39
1.66
1.17

0.61
0.90
1.44
0.80
0.66
0.93

0.66
0.76
0.91
0.73
0.68
1.03

0.88
1.11
1.41
1.04
1.41
1.05

1.33
1.38
2.09
1.14
1.33
1.41

0.40
1.02
1.11
0.99
0.72
0.55

1.98
0.95
1.32
0.88
0.54
1.43

1.12
0.87
0.74
0.90
0.32
1.02

1.08
0.89
0.88
0.89
0.22
0.91

0.64
0.63
0.48
0.68
0.18
0.54

1.29
0.83
0.80
0.83
0.53
1.02

0.62
0.80
1.45
0.66
0.95
0.96

0.75
0.78
1.24
0.66
0.68
1.06

0.75
1.31
1.21
1.33
1.09
0.83

1.14
1.28
1.35
1.26
1.13
1.19

0.62
1.09
1.76
0.92
0.97
0.81

1.93
0.83
1.51
0.69
0.89
1.48

2.12
1.09
1.74
0.92
1.70
1.59

1.63
0.72
1.74
0.46
1.34
1.65

1.91
0.77
1.96
0.38
1.59
1.75

2.05
0.97
1.19
0.91
1.49
1.84

GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP
%
GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP

3,818
1,971
1,518
453
0
1,846
1.7
227,794
206,077
21,717
16,123
5,594

6,053
4,423
2,359
2,063
0
1,631
1.8
344,529
297,886
46,643
20,388
26,255

6,908
5,232
3,404
1,828
0
1,676
1.9
354,369
303,774
50,595
21,047
29,548

6,849
5,533
3,824
1,679
30
1,315
1.7
394,071
363,724
30,347
21,874
8,473

6,826
5,601
4,016
1,585
0
1,225
1.7
402,571
340,492
62,079
19,236
42,844

0.55
0.62
0.61
0.65

0.39
0.37
0.39
0.34

2.40
2.21
2.09
2.43

1.53
1.71
1.59
2.03

1.62
1.75
1.35
2.74

1.27
1.17
1.35
0.58

0.36
0.47
0.77
0.12

0.43
0.42
0.51
0.26

0.23
0.24
0.18
0.37

0.38
0.39
0.52
0.06

0.69
0.87
0.91
0.74

0.40
0.37
0.40
0.35

2.58
2.39
2.25
2.66

1.59
1.85
1.67
2.29

1.62
1.72
1.25
2.90

1.75
1.17
1.35
0.57

1.33
0.87
1.52
0.12

0.91
0.96
1.19
0.53

0.55
0.54
0.66
0.28

1.48
1.29
1.52
0.71

0.27
0.13
0.00
0.57

0.40
0.37
0.39
0.35

2.36
2.17
2.01
2.48

1.56
1.67
1.23
2.77

0.70
0.03
0.03
0.00

0.08
0.09
0.17
0.00

0.15
0.16
0.09
0.29

0.39
0.38
0.28
0.72

0.38
0.35
0.42
0.27

2.21
2.06
1.92
2.33

1.01
0.72
0.90
0.11

2.25
2.17
1.87
2.51

0.82
0.86
1.04
0.54

0.77
1.91
0.80
0.95
-0.96
0.82
-5.54

1.02
2.03
0.80
0.95
-0.06
1.01
-0.54

1.39
2.61
0.49
0.33
1.97
0.41
6.46

0.09
0.46
0.78
0.63
1.77
0.87
2.47

0.46
0.79
0.55
0.37
1.65
0.47
2.48

0.20
0.73
0.32
0.19
1.82
0.25
5.86

0.35
1.04
0.37
0.27
0.88
0.42
1.09

0.51
1.35
0.52
0.74
-1.60
0.95
-8.93

0.48
0.61
0.66
0.80
-0.25
0.74
-1.01

3.17
2.39
1.08
1.36
-0.58
1.08
-1.77

0.52
1.38
1.15
1.36
-1.29
1.18
-7.68

1.19
3.69
0.44
0.55
-0.14
0.52
-0.43

2.37
1.24
1.42
1.18
3.62
1.04
11.08

2.57
1.00
1.33
1.18
2.32
1.33
3.10

0.76
1.12
0.81
0.61
2.05
0.82
2.92

0.59
1.24
0.44
0.29
2.22
0.40
6.91

2.32
0.97
1.52
1.26
2.98
1.17
3.79

0.42
0.45
0.60
0.83
-1.55
1.17
-10.12

0.46
0.60
0.66
0.80
-0.25
0.73
-1.02

2.94
2.63
0.90
1.14
-0.57
0.97
-1.68

1.06
3.76
0.41
0.51
-0.12
0.49
-0.40

1.42
0.36
1.96
1.76
3.89
1.34
11.94

0.03
0.07
1.10
0.99
1.85
1.09
2.45

0.11
0.14
1.07
0.96
1.72
0.92
2.30

1.18
0.33
1.28
1.13
2.09
0.89
2.64

0.40
0.64
0.61
0.84
-1.55
1.05
-9.02

0.45
0.51
0.74
0.87
-0.08
0.78
-0.75

2.67
2.88
0.77
0.94
-0.27
0.89
-1.10

1.25
2.62
0.63
0.75
-0.02
0.69
-0.34

1.32
0.53
1.92
1.72
3.83
1.55
10.38

2.46
1.06
2.12
2.02
2.72
1.94
3.33

0.68
0.51
1.62
1.55
2.02
1.28
2.54

0.93
0.98
1.16
0.59
0.00
0.70
0.49
1.90
1.83
2.68
1.46
5.81

1.18
1.02
1.17
0.64

2.99
2.11
1.13
1.40
-0.48
1.09
-1.60

1.97
1.81
1.63
2.24
0.00
2.66
1.71
1.15
1.31
-0.77
1.16
-5.76

1.65
1.74
1.35
2.72

0.47
0.56
0.71
0.85
-0.24
0.75
-1.00

0.09
0.06
0.02
0.13
0.00
0.22
0.14
0.63
0.50
2.24
0.52
6.84

0.43
0.26
0.27
0.23

0.48
1.36
0.40
0.60
-1.47
0.86
-8.19

1.97
1.82
1.68
2.15
0.00
2.63
1.47
1.34
1.55
-1.23
1.32
-8.05

GBP
GBP
%

21,717

17,793
46,643
38.1

22,068
50,595
43.6

19,556
30,347
64.4

62,079

-1.47

1.32
-0.24
-5.62

0.91
-0.48
-1.89

1.08
-0.96
-1.13

-0.06

1.97

1.03
1.77
0.58

1.42
1.65
0.86

0.99
1.82
0.54

0.88

-1.60

1.35
-0.25
-5.49

0.95
-0.58
-1.63

1.25
-1.29
-0.97

-0.14

3.62

0.94
2.32
0.41

0.76
2.05
0.37

0.94
2.22
0.43

2.98

-1.55

1.33
-0.25
-5.40

0.95
-0.57
-1.68

1.21
-1.23
-0.99

-0.12

3.89

1.06
1.85
0.57

0.70
1.72
0.41

0.88
2.24
0.39

2.09

-1.55

1.35
-0.08
-16.22

0.85
-0.27
-3.12

1.02
-0.77
-1.33

-0.02

3.83

0.84
2.72
0.31

1.45
2.02
0.72

0.81
2.68
0.30

2.85

%
GBP

6%
2,716

11%
17,678

10%
10,847

12%
14,007

13%
1,324

1.26
-1.77

2.10
0.18

0.29
-0.79

0.91
0.34

0.69
-4.40

1.49
0.52

0.09
1.76

1.02
0.43

1.39
-0.16

1.40
-0.13

0.00
-2.29

2.15
0.14

0.20
-0.85

1.08
0.81

0.68
4.75

0.41
5.25

0.09
2.39

0.25
0.05

0.08
-0.57

0.97
-1.63

0.00
-2.21

2.13
0.15

0.94
-0.92

1.01
0.88

0.63
4.54

2.21
4.95

0.18
1.77

1.47
0.14

1.32
-0.06

1.22
-4.12

0.00
-1.24

2.02
0.12

0.19
0.16

0.14
0.32

0.64
-1.92

1.78
3.87

1.66
3.23

0.80
0.95

0.95
3.33

1.16
-6.32

years
%

56
72%

57
62%

56
59%

57
60%

57
68%

0.97
1.11

1.09
0.86

1.08
0.54

1.11
0.75

1.03
1.09

0.98
0.91

1.01
0.80

0.96
1.38

1.00
0.57

0.94
1.06

0.97
1.05

1.09
0.88

1.09
0.53

1.03
1.09

1.04
1.07

0.97
0.98

1.03
0.88

1.01
1.00

1.04
0.70

0.99
1.01

1.03
1.15

1.09
0.87

1.09
0.60

1.04
1.05

1.06
0.89

0.98
0.97

0.96
0.99

0.97
1.15

0.99
0.94

0.94
1.10

0.96
1.03

1.08
0.89

1.12
0.42

1.10
0.69

1.02
1.05

0.94
1.02

0.93
1.08

0.92
1.31

0.94
0.93

0.89
1.22

0%

0%

0%

0%

0%

1.90
0.58
2.04
1.89
2.85
1.39
3.51

Dairy farm
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007

2008

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009

GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP
hectare
FTE

160,437
656,707
111,617
545,089
88.9
2.7172

166,476
732,866
131,390
601,476
101.6
2.7968

244,496
965,104
170,936
794,168
113.6
3.1213

296,794
1,101,347
187,752
913,595
116.0
3.1760

295,624
1,223,892
204,569
1,019,323
122.2
3.3197

0.86
1.09
0.44
1.23
0.82
0.90

0.95
0.98
0.43
1.10
0.87
0.90

0.85
0.93
0.36
1.05
0.82
0.86

0.89
0.96
0.45
1.07
0.81
0.87

0.87
0.98
0.42
1.09
0.85
0.88

0.90
1.00
1.55
0.89
1.10
1.06

0.96
1.08
1.52
0.99
1.33
1.13

0.94
1.06
1.83
0.90
1.18
1.03

0.93
1.12
1.72
1.00
1.13
1.05

0.89
1.05
1.41
0.97
1.10
1.06

0.66
0.78
1.10
0.71
0.98
0.99

0.99
1.11
1.59
1.00
1.34
1.14

0.88
1.01
1.76
0.85
1.14
1.02

0.74
0.98
1.46
0.88
0.97
0.96

0.78
1.03
1.33
0.97
1.05
1.00

1.51
1.45
1.23
1.49
1.22
1.07

1.36
1.22
0.93
1.28
1.10
1.04

1.20
1.09
0.65
1.19
0.96
0.94

1.32
1.15
0.83
1.22
1.02
0.98

1.33
1.17
0.83
1.24
1.09
1.03

0.76
0.91
1.22
0.85
1.17
1.02

0.99
1.10
1.60
0.99
1.31
1.14

0.91
1.05
1.73
0.90
1.25
1.01

0.78
0.96
1.36
0.88
1.17
0.94

0.77
1.02
1.31
0.96
1.07
0.99

1.24
1.24
1.02
1.29
0.84
1.03

1.24
1.13
0.87
1.19
0.85
1.02

1.10
0.99
0.52
1.10
0.77
0.96

1.19
1.08
0.69
1.16
0.82
1.01

1.24
1.15
0.84
1.21
0.85
1.05

0.85
1.28
1.19
1.30
1.12
1.03

0.98
1.07
1.54
0.96
1.30
1.14

0.92
1.19
1.75
1.07
1.17
1.02

0.72
1.13
1.32
1.09
1.00
0.92

0.75
1.05
1.31
1.00
1.04
0.97

1.24
0.71
1.18
0.61
1.01
1.05

1.09
0.68
0.79
0.65
0.89
0.92

1.06
0.59
0.59
0.59
0.87
0.92

1.21
0.61
0.70
0.59
1.02
1.00

1.12
0.63
0.80
0.60
1.04
0.93

GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP
%
GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP

72,746
19,904
17,772
1,504
629
52,842
40.3
180,341
122,993
57,348
13,714
43,634

59,938
24,086
20,481
3,090
516
35,852
31.5
190,562
152,208
38,355
16,287
22,068

44,552
26,028
22,139
3,417
473
18,524
16.5
270,524
205,511
65,013
20,716
44,297

40,716
28,510
23,781
3,635
1,094
12,206
12.5
325,304
238,580
86,723
22,092
64,632

43,370
32,205
27,368
3,875
962
11,165
13.2
327,829
253,726
74,103
25,288
48,815

0.85
0.84
0.84
0.83
1.02
0.85
0.98
0.86
0.66
1.31
0.91
1.43

0.96
0.92
0.91
0.94
1.38
0.98
1.01
0.95
0.72
1.87
0.88
2.59

0.83
0.83
0.83
0.72
1.56
0.85
0.98
0.85
0.65
1.49
0.84
1.80

0.88
0.83
0.83
0.70
1.28
0.98
0.99
0.89
0.69
1.42
0.84
1.62

0.92
0.89
0.87
0.81
1.93
1.01
1.06
0.87
0.68
1.52
0.78
1.91

0.96
1.10
1.08
1.54
0.73
0.91
1.04
0.92
1.14
0.46
0.99
0.30

1.08
1.20
1.17
1.53
0.28
1.00
1.08
0.99
1.23
0.05
1.09
-0.73

1.09
1.11
1.07
1.45
0.71
1.06
1.14
0.96
1.16
0.32
1.10
-0.04

1.06
1.07
1.06
1.16
0.99
1.04
1.13
0.94
1.12
0.44
1.00
0.24

1.08
1.11
1.11
1.27
0.43
1.01
1.19
0.91
1.10
0.27
0.95
-0.08

0.72
0.88
0.82
1.45
0.99
0.66
1.05
0.68
0.85
0.34
0.79
0.19

1.09
1.21
1.18
1.51
0.32
1.01
1.07
1.02
1.26
0.04
1.14
-0.76

1.02
1.06
1.02
1.42
0.36
0.97
1.14
0.89
1.08
0.29
0.99
-0.04

0.92
0.91
0.88
1.10
0.87
0.95
1.22
0.75
0.91
0.34
0.76
0.19

1.02
1.05
1.04
1.26
0.41
0.96
1.27
0.81
0.98
0.23
0.89
-0.11

1.46
1.35
1.37
1.17
0.98
1.50
0.98
1.49
1.30
1.89
1.50
2.01

1.29
1.20
1.19
1.07
2.23
1.36
0.96
1.34
1.10
2.28
1.34
2.97

1.06
1.02
1.05
0.78
1.48
1.12
0.89
1.19
0.98
1.82
1.15
2.14

1.10
1.04
1.07
0.79
1.29
1.22
0.85
1.29
1.12
1.77
1.25
1.94

1.18
1.17
1.17
0.95
2.01
1.20
0.89
1.32
1.13
1.96
1.22
2.34

0.83
1.07
1.01
1.77
1.07
0.74
1.05
0.79
0.96
0.43
0.88
0.29

1.09
1.20
1.19
1.47
0.36
1.02
1.07
1.02
1.27
0.04
1.13
-0.77

1.06
1.13
1.08
1.56
0.29
0.97
1.15
0.93
1.12
0.33
1.02
0.00

1.00
1.01
1.00
1.32
0.34
0.97
1.25
0.80
0.95
0.39
0.84
0.24

1.03
1.05
1.04
1.27
0.42
0.96
1.29
0.79
0.96
0.24
0.87
-0.09

1.18
0.93
0.96
0.44
1.34
1.27
0.98
1.21
1.04
1.56
1.20
1.67

1.11
0.98
0.98
0.77
2.27
1.20
0.92
1.20
1.00
2.03
1.18
2.66

0.92
0.85
0.89
0.54
1.37
1.01
0.85
1.07
0.89
1.66
1.01
1.96

0.98
0.92
0.93
0.68
1.30
1.13
0.84
1.17
1.00
1.63
1.07
1.82

1.01
0.99
0.99
0.73
2.25
1.07
0.83
1.22
1.05
1.78
1.12
2.12

0.92
1.13
1.10
1.59
0.98
0.84
1.05
0.88
1.05
0.52
1.00
0.37

1.08
1.19
1.16
1.50
0.35
1.00
1.07
1.01
1.24
0.09
1.09
-0.65

1.06
1.12
1.07
1.43
0.75
0.99
1.14
0.94
1.13
0.34
1.12
-0.03

0.93
0.93
0.90
1.06
1.13
0.92
1.25
0.74
0.87
0.37
0.83
0.22

1.01
1.03
1.02
1.25
0.43
0.95
1.29
0.78
0.94
0.23
0.87
-0.10

1.16
0.98
1.00
0.95
0.40
1.23
0.96
1.21
1.13
1.38
0.98
1.51

1.01
0.90
0.90
0.76
1.65
1.09
0.95
1.07
0.92
1.65
0.91
2.19

0.92
0.87
0.91
0.54
1.32
0.99
0.88
1.04
0.91
1.46
0.92
1.72

1.03
1.01
1.05
0.78
0.97
1.09
0.87
1.19
1.11
1.41
0.99
1.56

0.97
0.96
0.97
0.86
1.20
0.99
0.88
1.10
0.99
1.50
0.93
1.79

GBP
GBP
%

57,348

11,377
38,355
29.7

11,049
65,013
17.0

11,760
86,723
13.6

74,103

1.31

0.83
1.87
0.44

0.97
1.49
0.65

0.78
1.42
0.55

1.52

0.46

1.15
0.05
25.47

0.98
0.32
3.08

1.28
0.44
2.95

0.27

0.34

1.13
0.04
25.92

1.14
0.29
3.92

1.33
0.34
3.95

0.23

1.89

0.80
2.28
0.35

0.87
1.82
0.48

0.94
1.77
0.53

1.96

0.43

1.14
0.04
28.01

1.09
0.33
3.33

1.26
0.39
3.21

0.24

1.56

0.79
2.03
0.39

0.89
1.66
0.54

0.80
1.63
0.49

1.78

0.52

1.12
0.09
12.43

1.21
0.34
3.63

1.20
0.37
3.21

0.23

1.38

0.89
1.65
0.54

0.91
1.46
0.62

0.79
1.41
0.56

1.50

%
GBP

7.2%
6,218

6.3%
10,802

7.7%
14,393

8.5%
28,503

7.3%
39,147

1.31
0.62

2.21
0.69

1.43
0.74

1.41
0.88

1.08
0.69

1.31
0.28

0.19
1.03

1.02
1.18

0.94
0.63

1.18
1.28

1.49
-0.47

0.19
0.98

1.22
1.27

1.02
0.60

1.07
1.33

0.92
3.22

1.73
1.81

0.94
1.18

1.08
2.14

0.65
1.27

1.48
0.02

0.20
1.49

1.32
1.23

1.00
0.55

1.22
1.32

0.90
2.26

1.71
1.84

1.03
0.80

0.76
1.29

0.49
1.40

0.93
0.33

0.19
1.07

1.31
1.32

1.02
0.46

1.00
1.26

1.25
1.94

1.26
1.42

0.70
1.03

1.08
1.13

1.22
0.59

years
%

51
50.1%

52
52.5%

51
55.9%

52
56.4%

53
57.6%

1.01
0.91

1.02
0.91

1.03
0.91

1.01
0.88

1.01
1.00

0.99
1.10

1.02
1.24

1.02
1.20

0.98
1.09

1.01
1.17

0.99
0.95

1.01
1.27

1.02
1.12

0.99
1.10

1.01
1.16

0.99
1.13

0.98
1.02

0.96
0.98

0.99
1.02

0.96
1.14

0.99
0.94

1.01
1.30

1.02
1.11

1.00
1.07

1.01
1.19

1.02
1.12

1.00
0.98

1.01
1.00

0.98
1.02

1.00
0.96

0.98
1.01

1.02
1.23

1.02
1.11

1.00
0.99

1.01
1.16

1.00
1.13

0.98
0.83

0.98
0.89

0.99
0.99

0.98
0.92

10.3%

11.4%

10.9%

11.4%

10.7%

0.67

0.88

1.26

0.68

1.11

1.22

0.96

1.11

0.88

0.79

1.38

0.80

1.32

0.97

0.88

1.01

1.22

0.98

0.54

1.11

1.66

0.73

1.43

1.24

1.03

0.16

0.54

0.72

0.38

0.63

1.38

0.96

1.41

1.05

1.10

0.50

1.03

0.68

0.72

0.90

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

97

Beef and sheep farm


Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP
hectare
FTE
GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP
%
GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007

2008

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009

53,568
440,314
40,584
399,730
106.1753
1.4571

38,533
517,507
44,136
473,370
104.8502
1.4077

40,945
618,914
46,212
572,702
102.7443
1.4129

49,942
659,942
44,440
615,502
104.3823
1.3650

55,225
709,189
52,977
656,212
109.9812
1.3988

0.57
0.91
1.34
0.86
0.87
0.91

0.41
1.01
1.32
0.98
0.95
0.86

0.44
0.98
1.30
0.96
0.97
0.91

0.54
0.96
1.56
0.92
1.08
0.97

0.51
0.94
1.27
0.92
0.95
0.88

1.11
1.09
0.33
1.17
0.99
1.00

1.58
1.16
0.99
1.17
0.95
1.16

1.47
1.10
0.69
1.14
0.92
1.10

1.35
1.14
0.44
1.19
0.91
1.06

1.34
1.16
0.90
1.18
1.11
1.09

0.59
0.92
1.33
0.88
0.89
0.91

0.75
1.08
1.59
1.04
1.21
0.90

0.76
1.06
1.59
1.01
1.16
0.85

0.77
0.98
1.71
0.93
1.18
0.88

0.77
1.00
1.48
0.96
1.09
0.82

1.63
1.25
0.67
1.31
1.28
1.06

1.60
1.16
1.00
1.17
0.96
1.17

1.48
1.10
0.69
1.14
0.93
1.10

1.63
1.14
0.64
1.17
1.07
1.08

1.62
1.22
1.11
1.23
1.29
1.13

0.57
0.90
1.33
0.86
0.85
0.92

0.67
0.93
1.51
0.88
0.67
0.95

0.76
0.97
1.66
0.92
0.80
1.01

0.70
0.89
1.64
0.84
0.76
0.99

0.75
0.97
1.55
0.92
0.73
0.90

1.47
1.16
0.76
1.20
0.78
1.11

1.58
1.16
0.99
1.17
0.95
1.16

1.47
1.10
0.67
1.14
0.87
1.10

1.54
1.12
0.61
1.15
0.81
1.13

1.50
1.07
0.95
1.08
0.88
1.13

0.59
0.90
1.31
0.86
0.87
0.93

0.85
0.55
1.38
0.48
1.24
1.00

0.87
0.56
1.66
0.47
1.19
1.06

0.80
0.70
1.84
0.62
1.19
1.07

0.80
0.68
1.58
0.61
1.02
0.96

1.64
0.86
1.21
0.83
1.24
1.20

1.59
1.14
1.02
1.15
0.95
1.16

1.46
1.07
0.67
1.10
0.91
1.10

1.65
0.86
0.74
0.87
1.05
1.16

1.62
0.89
0.99
0.89
1.21
1.16

37,131
23,636
17,919
5,250
466
13,496
48.1
77,203
43,681
33,522
7,489
26,033
0

38,353
22,890
16,899
5,893
99
15,462
62.4
61,424
46,591
14,833
7,902
6,931
0
14,041
14,833
94.7

36,018
22,606
16,136
6,222
248
13,411
56.7
63,551
49,457
14,094
8,012
6,081
0
14,257
14,094
101.2

36,501
24,940
17,568
6,488
884
11,561
48.7
74,882
48,774
26,108
6,811
19,297
0
14,567
26,108
55.8

42,868
26,958
19,455
7,273
229
15,910
52.2
82,183
52,340
29,843
7,906
21,937
0

0.65
0.70
0.60
1.07
0.35
0.57
1.07
0.61
0.93
0.18
0.97
-0.04

0.75
0.92
0.78
1.33
0.14
0.49
1.24
0.60
0.83
-0.14
0.97
-1.40

0.76
0.95
0.81
1.31
0.49
0.45
1.24
0.62
0.89
-0.35
1.04
-2.18

0.88
1.01
0.98
1.22
0.11
0.61
1.27
0.70
0.92
0.27
0.90
0.05

0.81
0.94
0.89
1.08
0.23
0.60
1.25
0.65
0.82
0.35
0.78
0.20

1.02
1.02
1.06
0.86
1.14
1.04
0.95
1.08
0.76
1.50
0.96
1.66

1.07
1.00
1.08
0.77
0.38
1.19
0.79
1.36
1.09
2.21
1.20
3.37

1.08
0.91
1.01
0.69
0.47
1.37
0.85
1.27
0.98
2.31
0.99
4.03

1.10
1.01
0.98
0.84
2.83
1.30
0.89
1.24
0.91
1.85
1.06
2.12

1.12
1.06
1.08
1.00
1.32
1.23
0.90
1.25
0.99
1.70
1.16
1.90

0.67
0.72
0.62
1.11
0.35
0.59
1.07
0.63
0.96
0.20
0.98
-0.02

1.16
1.27
1.17
1.59
0.48
1.00
1.23
0.94
1.20
0.14
1.21
-1.07

1.08
1.23
1.13
1.51
0.94
0.84
1.17
0.93
1.22
-0.12
1.20
-1.85

1.02
1.12
1.12
1.28
0.07
0.80
1.15
0.89
1.18
0.34
1.02
0.10

1.04
1.11
1.08
1.24
0.35
0.91
1.18
0.88
1.12
0.47
0.97
0.30

1.54
1.45
1.59
0.99
1.23
1.71
0.98
1.57
1.25
1.99
1.28
2.19

1.09
1.01
1.09
0.79
0.38
1.20
0.79
1.38
1.11
2.24
1.21
3.40

1.09
0.92
1.01
0.69
0.47
1.38
0.85
1.28
0.98
2.32
1.00
4.05

1.28
1.13
1.11
0.93
2.85
1.62
0.88
1.46
1.16
2.03
1.24
2.31

1.37
1.22
1.24
1.16
1.39
1.64
0.92
1.49
1.25
1.91
1.34
2.12

0.65
0.69
0.59
1.04
0.35
0.57
1.07
0.61
0.93
0.18
0.96
-0.05

0.93
0.95
0.93
1.01
0.49
0.91
1.21
0.77
1.05
-0.11
1.12
-1.51

0.95
1.03
1.02
1.10
0.49
0.82
1.11
0.86
1.22
-0.41
1.26
-2.62

0.85
0.90
0.95
0.86
0.14
0.73
1.11
0.76
1.09
0.17
0.92
-0.10

0.89
0.88
0.92
0.77
0.95
0.91
1.13
0.79
1.08
0.28
0.93
0.05

1.32
1.18
1.36
0.56
0.92
1.58
0.96
1.38
1.15
1.68
1.12
1.84

1.08
1.00
1.08
0.77
0.38
1.19
0.79
1.36
1.09
2.21
1.20
3.37

1.07
0.89
1.00
0.63
0.47
1.37
0.85
1.26
0.98
2.27
0.99
3.95

1.13
0.96
0.97
0.71
2.74
1.48
0.84
1.35
1.09
1.83
1.14
2.07

1.17
0.95
1.01
0.80
0.77
1.54
0.88
1.32
1.15
1.63
1.22
1.77

0.67
0.71
0.61
1.11
0.35
0.58
1.06
0.63
0.96
0.19
0.98
-0.03

1.08
1.18
1.13
1.35
0.79
0.93
1.11
0.98
1.20
0.26
1.03
-0.63

1.02
1.14
1.04
1.40
1.11
0.83
1.06
0.97
1.26
-0.06
1.16
-1.66

1.02
1.11
1.09
1.27
0.10
0.82
1.13
0.90
1.20
0.33
1.07
0.07

1.00
1.05
1.04
1.08
0.89
0.90
1.13
0.88
1.13
0.45
0.99
0.25

1.47
1.40
1.57
0.83
1.26
1.61
0.94
1.57
1.35
1.84
1.34
1.99

1.08
1.00
1.08
0.77
0.38
1.20
0.79
1.37
1.11
2.20
1.21
3.33

1.08
0.91
1.00
0.71
0.46
1.36
0.85
1.27
0.97
2.31
0.97
4.07

1.23
1.07
1.07
0.87
2.69
1.58
0.85
1.46
1.21
1.93
1.20
2.18

1.27
1.08
1.17
0.85
0.62
1.59
0.88
1.44
1.28
1.73
1.24
1.91

29,843

0.18

1.26
-0.14
-9.13

1.30
-0.35
-3.69

1.16
0.27
4.24

0.35

1.50

0.94
2.21
0.42

0.82
2.31
0.36

0.99
1.85
0.54

1.70

0.20

1.22
0.14
8.59

1.38
-0.12
-11.94

1.27
0.34
3.71

0.47

1.99

0.92
2.24
0.41

0.82
2.32
0.36

0.98
2.03
0.48

1.91

0.18

1.14
-0.11
-10.70

1.32
-0.41
-3.19

1.24
0.17
7.45

0.28

1.68

0.94
2.21
0.42

0.81
2.27
0.36

0.92
1.83
0.50

1.63

0.19

1.01
0.26
3.94

1.09
-0.06
-19.15

1.05
0.33
3.17

0.45

1.84

0.91
2.20
0.41

0.83
2.31
0.36

0.88
1.93
0.46

1.73

GBP
GBP
%

33,522

%
GBP

5%
1,254

7%
306

9%
981

9%
7,681

8%
8,198

0.82
0.73

0.97
-7.86

0.79
-4.07

0.80
2.90

1.62
0.49

2.12
-0.17

1.39
9.81

1.36
3.06

1.43
1.34

0.84
1.58

0.81
0.72

1.17
-6.58

1.07
6.46

0.87
2.93

1.57
0.71

0.34
-1.32

1.21
9.78

1.37
3.05

0.95
1.31

0.56
1.99

0.82
0.31

1.32
-18.89

0.53
-3.95

0.99
2.71

1.47
0.70

0.78
-0.31

1.39
9.80

1.36
2.45

0.89
1.19

0.62
1.60

0.77
0.36

0.57
-17.82

0.55
2.70

0.74
0.58

0.85
0.75

1.18
4.97

1.20
9.65

1.37
2.99

0.77
1.09

0.40
1.55

years
%

53
42%

54
45%

55
44%

56
47%

55
46%

1.05
1.36

1.02
1.40

1.06
1.17

1.04
1.20

0.99
1.27

0.98
0.96

0.97
0.80

0.97
0.79

1.00
1.00

0.97
0.78

1.04
1.38

1.01
1.36

1.03
1.21

1.03
1.27

0.97
1.37

0.93
1.17

0.97
0.82

0.97
0.79

0.97
1.01

0.95
0.91

1.04
1.37

1.02
1.20

1.02
1.23

1.03
1.24

0.98
1.33

0.95
0.97

0.97
0.81

0.97
0.81

0.97
0.97

0.97
0.74

1.05
1.34

0.99
1.28

1.00
1.33

1.01
1.21

0.95
1.33

0.95
1.16

0.97
0.82

0.97
0.79

0.95
1.08

0.95
0.83

36%

28%

26%

26%

26%

1.01

1.06

1.47

1.26

1.05

0.93

0.71

0.64

0.53

0.74

1.03

1.09

1.26

1.10

1.06

1.05

0.75

0.65

0.56

0.92

0.99

0.91

1.03

0.99

0.77

0.65

0.72

0.64

0.40

0.74

1.03

1.35

1.39

1.26

1.28

1.03

0.70

0.67

0.70

0.99

2008

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009
2004
2006 2007
2008
2009
2004 2006
2007 2008
2009
2004 2006
2007 2008
2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009
2004
2006 2007
2008
2009
2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009
2004
2006
2007 2008
2009

%
100

Non-ruminants farm
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007

GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP
hectare
FTE

436,427
483,366
158,113
325,253
24.3481
3.9258

405,899
512,325
178,846
333,479
26.6548
3.8851

500,648
591,146
242,370
348,776
29.2077
4.5482

559,510
711,782
275,973
435,809
27.2394
4.4689

532,443
782,867
259,866
523,000
28.6212
3.5740

0.93
0.99
1.32
0.83
0.74
1.36

0.82
1.15
1.36
1.03
1.46
1.26

0.61
0.92
1.16
0.76
0.77
1.07

1.20
1.16
1.81
0.75
0.55
1.42

1.06
1.20
1.86
0.88
0.85
1.35

0.89
1.14
0.69
1.36
1.11
0.86

0.96
1.04
0.69
1.23
0.75
0.70

0.97
0.91
0.44
1.24
1.15
0.75

0.44
0.87
0.40
1.18
1.22
0.66

0.37
0.77
0.45
0.93
0.98
0.58

0.59
0.82
0.97
0.75
0.69
1.25

0.83
1.14
1.39
1.00
1.31
1.28

0.61
0.92
1.16
0.76
0.77
1.07

1.13
1.14
1.79
0.73
0.55
1.43

0.70
1.06
1.57
0.81
0.73
1.28

1.71
1.26
0.69
1.54
1.69
0.93

1.54
0.96
0.70
1.11
0.72
0.73

1.51
1.01
0.47
1.38
0.72
0.73

1.16
0.83
0.56
0.99
0.95
0.61

1.78
1.07
0.50
1.35
0.80
1.00

0.48
0.88
1.24
0.73
1.07
0.97

0.90
1.18
1.36
1.08
1.46
1.06

0.65
0.84
1.08
0.70
0.69
0.85

0.62
1.04
1.44
0.82
1.44
0.76

0.57
1.26
1.52
1.13
1.72
0.95

1.51
0.66
0.37
0.79
0.14
1.06

1.45
0.88
0.64
1.00
0.37
1.27

1.12
0.81
0.47
1.02
0.31
0.86

1.36
0.80
0.73
0.83
0.18
1.17

1.77
0.89
0.74
0.97
0.24
1.25

0.64
0.96
0.90
0.98
0.69
1.32

0.86
1.20
1.62
0.98
1.24
1.31

1.10
1.07
1.64
0.68
1.09
1.43

0.83
1.00
1.51
0.67
0.58
1.08

0.61
1.25
1.50
1.13
1.10
1.10

1.29
0.55
0.61
0.52
0.52
0.84

2.20
0.96
1.19
0.84
0.84
1.42

1.42
0.69
0.85
0.57
1.05
0.97

1.27
0.58
0.76
0.48
0.96
1.08

1.68
0.70
0.85
0.63
0.56
1.24

GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP
%
GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP

104,514
5,966
5,753
206
6
98,548
23.6
442,393
369,283
73,110
18,172
54,938

58,089
4,337
3,778
559
0
53,752
14.2
410,236
342,938
67,298
21,089
46,209

58,404
5,469
4,446
1,019
4
52,935
11.5
506,117
428,492
77,626
23,934
53,692

92,865
5,601
4,411
1,189
0
87,264
16.4
565,111
508,446
56,665
25,548
31,117

93,084
6,709
5,630
1,079
0
86,376
17.3
539,152
462,412
76,740
27,013
49,727

0.27
0.33
0.27
1.78
1.02
0.27
0.29
0.92
1.14
-0.22
0.94
-0.60

0.85
1.47
1.51
1.18

0.29
0.74
0.64
1.19

1.20
0.65
0.32
1.85

1.04
1.09
1.02
1.42

0.51
0.84
0.76
1.32

0.38
1.20
1.14
1.44

0.45
1.17
1.12
1.33

0.20
0.81
0.79
0.88

0.29
0.74
0.64
1.19

1.04
0.64
0.32
1.81

0.27
0.83
0.76
1.24

2.15
0.71
0.79
0.29

0.63
2.06
1.98
2.48

1.91
0.21
0.22
0.11

0.51
1.26
1.17
1.76

1.40
0.22
0.25
0.07

0.22
0.38
0.70
0.83
-0.04
1.29
-0.76

1.54
0.96
1.53
1.18
3.31
1.17
4.28

1.51
1.27
1.16
1.02
2.39
1.16
3.41

2.26
1.21
1.77
1.67
2.40
1.24
3.03

1.02
1.17
0.91
1.12
-0.86
1.28
-5.25

0.68
1.22
0.64
0.78
-0.39
0.67
-1.25

0.49
1.06
0.60
0.67
0.22
1.43
-0.45

1.67
1.07
1.43
1.28
2.72
0.95
6.35

1.31
0.89
1.34
1.24
2.07
1.08
2.89

2.08
1.09
1.75
1.73
1.84
1.11
2.25

0.84
1.02
0.86
1.10
-0.32
1.40
-1.11

0.75
0.90
0.83
1.00
-0.71
0.70
-1.87

0.45
0.82
0.62
0.72
0.03
1.27
-0.65

2.30
0.99
2.18
1.93
3.47
1.25
4.48

1.42
0.75
0.79
0.59
0.00
1.49
1.00
1.41
1.12
3.05
1.05
3.94

1.20
0.70
0.75
0.53

1.06
0.92
1.13
1.34
-0.82
0.77
-2.13

1.62
0.28
0.29
0.00
0.19
1.70
1.27
1.28
1.06
2.39
0.78
2.93

2.15
0.26
0.29
0.05

0.25
0.48
0.61
0.84
-0.67
0.75
-1.30

0.74
1.06
0.92
1.70
0.00
0.71
0.68
1.10
1.32
-0.15
0.93
-0.63

0.75
0.69
0.39
1.80

0.79
0.99
0.83
1.11
-0.58
1.24
-1.42

0.26
0.29
0.26
1.10
0.99
0.26
0.41
0.64
0.80
-0.18
0.68
-0.46

0.88
1.32
1.31
1.41

0.15
0.52
0.38
0.28
0.97
0.64
1.15

1.61
0.17
0.20
0.02
0.00
1.85
1.46
1.10
0.94
2.73
1.11
6.69

1.20
0.06
0.06
0.07

0.40
1.00
0.45
0.31
1.64
0.72
2.41

1.89
0.04
0.04
0.00
0.00
2.04
1.28
1.48
1.44
1.73
0.86
2.22

1.52
0.24
0.25
0.18

0.30
0.39
0.97
0.55
3.30
1.06
4.30

0.41
0.67
0.56
1.17
0.00
0.36
0.62
0.65
0.85
-1.28
0.65
-5.99

0.78
1.80
1.56
2.71

0.49
0.54
0.95
0.56
2.94
1.04
3.81

0.32
0.89
0.83
2.35
0.99
0.28
0.66
0.49
0.59
-0.12
0.74
-0.62

1.07
1.47
1.52
1.19

1.04
0.98
1.06
1.22
0.09
1.42
-0.63

2.34
0.58
0.62
0.40
0.00
2.52
1.56
1.50
1.13
3.55
1.20
4.60

1.47
0.73
0.79
0.48

1.24
1.01
1.19
1.42
-0.84
0.79
-2.17

2.11
2.14
2.22
0.19
0.00
2.11
1.23
1.71
1.43
3.13
1.46
3.68

1.47
0.55
0.52
0.79

0.25
0.48
0.61
0.84
-0.67
0.75
-1.30

0.22
0.32
0.27
1.75
1.00
0.22
0.38
0.59
0.75
-0.22
0.76
-0.55

0.82
1.31
1.32
1.22

0.80
1.02
0.83
1.10
-0.55
1.22
-1.36

0.41
1.05
1.05
1.19
2.57
0.37
0.46
0.89
0.56
2.59
1.07
3.09

1.23
0.95
1.26
1.13
2.43
0.99
3.61

1.49
0.84
1.66
1.60
2.04
0.94
2.64

GBP
GBP
%

73,110

11,163
67,298
16.6

10,763
77,626
13.9

13,610
56,665
24.0

76,740

-0.22

1.11
-0.55
-2.00

1.11
-0.67
-1.66

1.54
-0.84
-1.83

0.09

2.59

0.72
2.94
0.25

1.09
3.30
0.33

1.00
1.64
0.60

0.97

-0.22

1.14
-0.58
-1.95

1.11
-0.67
-1.66

1.47
-0.82
-1.79

-0.04

3.13

0.51
3.31
0.15

1.24
3.55
0.35

1.07
2.39
0.45

2.40

-0.12

1.20
-0.86
-1.39

1.06
-1.28
-0.83

1.25
-0.39
-3.23

0.22

1.73

1.16
2.72
0.42

1.34
2.73
0.49

1.14
2.07
0.55

1.84

-0.18

1.06
-0.32
-3.26

1.02
-0.15
-6.84

1.44
-0.71
-2.03

0.03

2.39

1.12
3.47
0.32

1.13
3.05
0.37

0.97
2.43
0.40

2.04

%
GBP

2%
-880

5%
3,967

6%
13,328

5%
43,146

4%
58,336

0.00
30.25

0.53
3.23

0.30
-0.38

1.32
0.77

0.51
1.47

0.00
-14.31

1.10
5.09

0.51
0.48

0.33
0.20

1.34
0.05

0.00
9.51

0.54
3.46

0.30
-0.38

1.30
0.75

0.51
1.29

2.56
-8.89

1.61
-0.83

0.31
0.14

1.06
0.51

0.81
0.02

0.00
2.72

0.53
2.45

0.30
-0.40

1.13
0.87

0.95
1.60

1.36
-1.44

1.93
-2.22

0.31
0.51

0.45
1.48

0.82
0.09

0.00
13.10

0.53
9.69

0.45
0.93

1.59
0.78

0.42
1.43

1.35
3.47

1.35
-3.25

0.00
-0.28

0.00
0.16

0.00
0.06

years
%

52
58%

53
62%

52
66%

52
66%

52
67%

1.04
1.21

1.06
1.04

1.08
1.07

1.03
1.04

1.04
1.04

0.94
0.79

0.93
0.72

0.96
1.00

1.02
0.93

0.97
0.82

1.04
1.18

1.07
1.02

1.08
1.07

1.03
1.09

1.00
0.91

1.02
0.91

0.93
0.78

0.98
1.00

0.96
1.17

1.00
1.05

1.04
1.15

1.07
1.00

1.05
1.06

1.00
0.97

0.98
0.79

1.06
0.67

0.98
0.82

0.99
0.95

1.00
1.04

1.01
1.25

1.04
1.21

1.04
0.89

1.04
1.01

1.02
1.08

0.97
0.86

0.99
0.88

0.98
1.10

0.98
1.03

0.96
1.18

1.03
0.96

2%

2%

0%

1%

3%

0.00

0.00

0.00

4.14

0.82

2.43

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

4.06

0.83

1.47

0.44

1.23

1.12

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

4.02

0.83

1.11

0.43

1.24

0.56

0.00

0.40

0.57

0.72

1.34

0.54

1.10

1.19

0.41

0.56

0.00

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

98 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

Mixed farm
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007

2008

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009

GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP
hectare
FTE

165,665
714,837
87,175
627,662
133.4266
2.6221

147,996
865,449
107,803
757,646
148.5909
2.7512

183,073
991,952
122,710
869,242
144.8625
2.7581

188,470
1,108,365
120,173
988,192
134.0615
2.6571

189,731
1,219,235
125,251
1,093,985
141.9459
2.5923

0.89
1.05
1.40
1.00
0.88
1.18

0.60
1.01
0.94
1.02
1.16
0.82

0.49
0.95
1.38
0.89
0.96
0.78

0.52
1.04
0.92
1.06
0.92
0.95

0.60
1.14
0.99
1.16
1.06
1.07

0.744
0.831
0.455
0.883
0.829
0.741

1.196
1.100
0.562
1.177
0.864
1.058

0.895
1.005
0.475
1.080
0.794
0.876

0.820
0.798
0.568
0.826
0.745
0.791

0.766
0.751
0.416
0.789
0.696
0.676

0.86
1.06
1.33
1.02
0.90
1.17

0.87
1.16
1.63
1.09
1.39
0.96

0.51
0.97
1.40
0.91
0.96
0.78

0.52
1.04
0.91
1.05
0.94
0.89

0.78
1.20
1.12
1.21
1.21
1.04

1.41
1.22
0.91
1.26
1.34
0.99

1.41
1.20
0.77
1.26
0.97
1.11

1.65
1.38
0.94
1.45
1.35
1.21

1.33
1.00
0.93
1.01
1.02
0.89

1.52
1.04
1.01
1.05
0.97
0.92

0.82
1.05
1.22
1.03
0.93
1.08

0.84
1.19
1.61
1.13
1.23
1.06

0.55
0.91
1.33
0.85
0.86
0.88

0.52
1.06
0.94
1.08
0.92
0.95

0.71
1.13
1.00
1.15
0.96
1.06

1.16
0.94
0.63
0.98
0.74
0.94

1.40
1.12
0.79
1.17
0.82
1.15

1.39
1.10
0.78
1.14
0.81
1.20

1.27
0.80
0.77
0.81
0.62
1.01

1.49
0.94
1.00
0.93
0.73
1.07

0.75
1.05
1.11
1.05
0.86
1.04

0.92
1.00
1.67
0.90
1.38
1.06

0.67
0.90
1.33
0.84
0.96
0.95

0.60
1.05
0.93
1.07
1.01
1.02

0.90
0.94
1.23
0.90
1.21
1.19

1.37
0.77
0.95
0.75
1.20
1.13

1.40
1.01
0.75
1.05
0.89
1.16

1.47
0.80
1.02
0.77
1.08
1.23

1.35
0.61
0.94
0.57
0.89
1.08

1.48
0.78
1.02
0.75
0.94
0.99

GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP
%
GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP
GBP

81,731
46,641
43,267
2,936
439
35,090
38.5
212,306
137,832
74,474
17,083
57,390

66,192
36,152
29,911
6,163
78
30,040
35.9
184,149
148,293
35,855
18,960
16,895

59,608
33,881
27,537
5,868
476
25,727
27.5
216,954
169,722
47,232
20,027
27,205

53,327
33,683
27,601
5,876
206
19,644
24.0
222,153
168,838
53,315
17,759
35,556

60,707
38,640
31,874
6,243
523
22,067
26.6
228,371
175,843
52,528
19,590
32,938

0.82
0.81
0.78
1.19
0.58
0.83
0.94
0.87
1.11
0.42
1.02
0.24

0.88
1.07
0.96
1.55
1.76
0.65
1.27
0.69
0.86
-0.02
0.96
-1.12

0.86
0.94
0.90
1.19
0.54
0.75
1.53
0.56
0.74
-0.09
0.79
-0.73

0.76
0.85
0.81
1.03
0.21
0.62
1.35
0.57
0.72
0.06
0.65
-0.23

0.91
1.00
0.97
1.14
0.52
0.76
1.37
0.66
0.82
0.14
0.69
-0.19

0.807
0.852
0.881
0.476
0.534
0.747
1.051
0.768
0.555
1.163
0.866
1.252

1.040
0.887
0.943
0.625
0.000
1.224
0.916
1.135
0.903
2.095
1.070
3.245

0.951
0.848
0.876
0.645
1.725
1.087
1.072
0.888
0.674
1.656
0.923
2.195

0.785
0.764
0.796
0.599
1.246
0.820
0.967
0.812
0.608
1.456
0.939
1.715

0.742
0.716
0.691
0.665
2.801
0.789
0.980
0.757
0.562
1.409
0.806
1.768

0.81
0.86
0.80
1.73
0.62
0.75
0.94
0.86
1.08
0.45
1.01
0.29

1.16
1.33
1.23
1.79
1.89
0.97
1.21
0.96
1.18
0.05
1.17
-1.21

0.87
0.94
0.91
1.14
0.54
0.78
1.52
0.57
0.76
-0.09
0.81
-0.76

0.79
0.88
0.85
1.09
0.21
0.63
1.37
0.58
0.73
0.09
0.68
-0.20

1.12
1.20
1.17
1.39
0.58
0.98
1.31
0.85
1.03
0.25
0.79
-0.06

1.39
1.41
1.44
1.14
0.71
1.35
0.98
1.41
1.19
1.82
1.34
1.96

1.18
1.01
1.07
0.73
0.36
1.39
0.89
1.33
1.10
2.29
1.27
3.43

1.40
1.35
1.41
1.15
0.49
1.46
0.87
1.61
1.39
2.40
1.53
3.04

1.08
1.04
1.10
0.80
0.07
1.15
0.84
1.29
1.10
1.89
1.34
2.17

0.95
0.94
0.97
0.85
0.00
0.96
0.66
1.43
1.26
1.98
1.32
2.38

0.81
0.86
0.81
1.74
0.63
0.75
0.98
0.83
1.03
0.46
1.00
0.31

1.08
1.18
1.11
1.54
1.86
0.97
1.19
0.91
1.15
-0.08
1.12
-1.43

0.81
0.85
0.81
1.07
0.53
0.76
1.37
0.59
0.80
-0.13
0.73
-0.77

0.76
0.84
0.81
1.02
0.21
0.62
1.35
0.57
0.72
0.06
0.65
-0.23

0.95
0.92
0.91
0.99
0.32
1.00
1.26
0.75
0.95
0.06
0.66
-0.29

0.93
0.81
0.85
0.40
0.48
1.09
0.86
1.08
0.98
1.27
1.12
1.31

1.04
0.85
0.90
0.58
0.36
1.27
0.81
1.29
1.09
2.10
1.17
3.14

1.02
0.84
0.88
0.61
1.30
1.27
0.79
1.30
1.14
1.86
1.20
2.34

0.85
0.60
0.65
0.43
0.00
1.26
0.72
1.17
1.06
1.51
1.10
1.71

0.85
0.73
0.79
0.49
0.00
1.06
0.62
1.36
1.23
1.78
1.29
2.08

0.74
0.79
0.73
1.66
0.41
0.67
0.97
0.76
0.94
0.42
0.97
0.25

1.18
1.35
1.26
1.76
1.88
0.98
1.18
1.00
1.22
0.12
1.17
-1.06

0.89
0.96
0.92
1.17
0.54
0.81
1.24
0.72
0.92
0.00
0.78
-0.58

0.85
0.96
0.91
1.18
0.62
0.67
1.30
0.65
0.80
0.18
0.74
-0.10

1.18
1.18
1.17
1.29
0.32
1.19
1.25
0.95
1.15
0.26
0.87
-0.10

1.28
1.23
1.27
0.83
0.67
1.33
0.95
1.34
1.21
1.58
1.14
1.71

1.10
0.92
0.98
0.65
0.45
1.30
0.84
1.31
1.10
2.17
1.19
3.26

1.06
1.05
1.06
1.05
0.52
1.07
0.75
1.41
1.29
1.84
1.18
2.33

1.09
0.93
0.95
0.87
0.10
1.36
0.85
1.29
1.17
1.64
1.08
1.92

0.92
0.91
0.94
0.63
2.70
0.93
0.66
1.38
1.23
1.89
1.26
2.26

GBP
GBP
%

74,474

12,146
35,855
33.9

12,464
47,232
26.4

12,034
53,315
22.6

52,528

0.42

1.78
-0.02
-102.29

1.71
-0.09
-19.94

1.36
0.06
21.65

0.14

1.163

0.698
2.095
0.333

0.902
1.656
0.545

0.844
1.456
0.580

1.409

0.45

1.70
0.05
33.33

1.72
-0.09
-18.81

1.36
0.09
14.81

0.25

1.82

0.74
2.29
0.32

0.84
2.40
0.35

0.85
1.89
0.45

1.98

0.46

1.75
-0.08
-21.35

1.52
-0.13
-11.48

1.35
0.06
21.49

0.06

1.27

0.60
2.10
0.29

0.80
1.86
0.43

0.66
1.51
0.44

1.78

0.42

1.13
1.37
0.12
0.00
9.13 -716.50

1.35
0.18
7.61

0.26

1.58

0.69
2.17
0.32

0.74
1.84
0.40

0.74
1.64
0.45

1.89

%
GBP

6%
583

7%
8,018

9%
11,655

6%
20,231

7%
15,208

1.36
-6.02

1.57
2.38

1.11
1.44

1.18
0.54

1.35
0.64

1.356
12.444

1.053
1.216

1.609
0.717

1.170
1.074

0.890
0.327

1.36
-4.42

1.17
1.86

1.12
1.44

1.18
0.56

1.21
0.21

0.66
14.25

0.90
0.97

1.52
1.53

0.93
1.32

0.26
1.42

1.28
-5.20

1.61
2.04

0.97
1.16

1.18
0.50

1.35
0.67

1.50
6.61

0.71
1.15

1.85
1.43

0.88
1.08

0.94
1.54

1.16
-8.73

1.32
2.90

1.07
1.58

1.28
0.56

0.87
0.70

1.82
4.19

0.89
1.23

1.75
1.85

0.92
0.95

0.35
1.31

years
%

54
57%

54
55%

54
55%

54
57%

56
54%

1.07
0.95

1.01
1.10

1.00
1.07

1.03
1.19

1.07
1.06

1.026
0.856

1.001
0.901

1.076
0.935

1.072
0.933

0.999
0.726

1.03
1.10

1.00
1.19

1.00
1.03

1.03
1.15

1.03
1.18

0.95
1.12

0.95
0.98

1.05
1.03

1.05
0.91

0.98
1.10

1.06
1.03

1.02
1.09

1.01
1.06

1.03
1.17

1.07
1.05

0.92
1.05

0.94
1.05

1.02
1.18

0.99
1.06

0.94
1.10

1.07
1.01

1.00
1.15

0.99
1.19

1.03
1.19

1.04
1.17

0.96
1.13

0.94
1.12

1.02
1.19

0.99
1.16

0.94
1.23

2%

2%

1%

1%

3%

0.55

2.05

0.72

1.41

1.48

0.953

0.691

0.255

0.353

0.297

0.99

2.04

0.89

2.29

1.37

1.01

0.42

0.61

0.35

0.27

1.81

1.93

0.50

2.05

0.91

0.53

0.65

0.00

0.56

0.27

1.73

2.02

0.88

2.27

1.43

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

0.84

0.47

0.34

0.48

0.18

0.84

0.34

0.52

0.49

0.45

CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

99

Annex Table B.13 Average characteristics of high and low performers, United States, for selected farm types, by performance indicator, 2004-09
All farm types
Output-input ratio

Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educationalal attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

2006

Average in farm type


2007
2008

Net operating income per working unit

Net operating income per UAA

Net operating income per net worth

Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009

Unit

2004

2009

USD
USD
USD
USD
hectare
FTE

452 498
2 237 087
255 460
1 981 627
595

604 786
2 526 089
333 385
2 192 704
640
4.0

637 941
2 346 971
289 499
2 057 472
614
4.5

688 510
2 515 614
324 379
2 191 235
612
4.2

604 786
2 526 089
333 385
2 192 704
640
4.3

0.21
0.67
0.34
0.71
0.54

0.21
0.63
0.38
0.67
0.61
0.61

0.20
0.54
0.37
0.57
0.57
0.41

0.93
1.15
1.38
1.12
1.31
1.50

0.21
0.63
0.38
0.67
0.61
0.58

2.87
1.87
2.43
1.80
0.74

2.78
1.91
2.40
1.83
1.68
2.10

2.86
1.93
2.38
1.87
1.77
2.19

0.92
0.89
0.61
0.93
0.78
0.87

2.78
1.91
2.40
1.83
1.68
1.98

0.83
1.14
1.27
1.12
1.30
1.50

0.93
1.14
1.35
1.11
1.48
1.60

1.54
1.18
1.16
1.18
1.10
0.53

1.57
1.16
1.15
1.16
0.95
0.55

0.72
1.16
1.17
1.16
2.05
1.13

0.78
1.23
1.27
1.22
1.87
1.15

0.90
1.29
1.34
1.28
1.88
1.33

1.84
1.06
1.24
1.04
0.26
1.50

1.66
1.03
1.13
1.02
0.29
1.46

1.55
1.01
1.07
1.00
0.29
1.31

0.65
1.36
1.16
1.39
1.57

0.80
1.27
1.26
1.27
1.32

0.71
1.28
1.15
1.30
1.55

0.80
1.33
1.25
1.34
1.42
1.20

0.88
1.35
1.29
0.00
1.57
1.34

1.85
0.64
1.23
0.56
0.73

1.83
0.63
1.24
0.56
0.75

1.83
0.66
1.28
0.58
0.78

1.67
0.66
1.18
0.59
0.81
1.18

1.58
0.65
1.11
0.58
0.68
1.07

1.13
1.13

1.35
1.35

1.37
1.37

1.18
1.18

1.32

1.21

1.36

0.42

0.51

0.54

0.90
1.22

1.21
1.36

0.78
1.25

1.08
1.10

0.89
0.00

1.44
1.06

1.15
0.96

1.64
1.10

1.18
1.12

0.65
0.00

USD
USD
USD
USD
USD
USD
%
USD
USD
USD
USD
USD

29 353
21 045
21 045

27 386
19 044
19 044

42 927
17 032
17 032

21 017
19 095
19 095

28 849
19 043
19 043

0.29
0.34
0.34

0.33
0.42
0.42

0.46
0.35
0.35

1.18
1.22
0.00

0.92
0.42
0.42

2.44
2.17
2.17

2.36
2.04
2.04

1.27
1.98
1.98

0.81
0.79
0.00

1.48
2.04
2.04

8 308
6.2
473 543
361 162
112 381
33 012
79 369

8 342
4.4
623 830
473 333
150 497
49 552
100 945

25 895
6.6
654 973
472 983
181 990
40 704
141 286

1 922
3.0
707 605
527 488
180 117
54 192
125 925

9 806
4.6
623 829
473 333
150 496
49 552
100 944

0.14
1.31
0.22
0.23
0.20
0.31
0.16

0.14
1.52
0.22
0.24
0.16
0.32
0.08

0.54
2.22
0.21
0.23
0.14
0.32
0.09

0.86
1.27
0.93
1.42
-0.50
1.09
-1.18

1.90
4.19
0.22
0.24
0.16
0.32
0.08

3.13
0.86
2.83
2.80
2.93
2.40
3.15

3.12
0.86
2.76
2.72
2.87
2.42
3.09

0.80
0.45
2.84
2.78
2.99
2.35
3.17

0.96
0.89
0.91
0.51
2.10
0.83
2.65

0.40
0.54
2.76
2.72
2.87
2.42
3.09

1.35
0.84
1.29
-0.51
0.97
-1.20

1.43
0.95
1.46
-0.70
1.06
-1.64

0.90
1.53
1.12
2.74
1.36
3.38

0.76
1.55
1.10
3.03
1.43
3.87

0.36
1.84
0.72
1.15
-0.52
0.99
-1.02

0.88
1.56
0.78
1.23
-0.73
0.97
-1.61

1.69
1.51
0.90
1.42
-0.97
1.07
-2.20

2.52
0.23
1.84
1.48
2.86
1.24
3.40

1.12
0.31
1.66
1.33
2.75
1.29
3.50

1.16
0.35
1.55
1.13
3.07
1.17
4.23

0.59
1.34
0.68
1.07
-0.26
0.95
-0.66

0.85
1.47
0.82
1.29
-0.65
1.05
-1.36

0.48
1.08
0.73
1.15
-0.37
1.00
-0.76

0.93
1.35
0.80
1.25
-0.48
1.00
-1.10

1.66
0.00
0.90
1.39
-0.66
1.07
-1.51

1.81
0.79
1.82
1.46
2.67
1.23
3.15

1.61
0.64
1.79
1.37
3.15
1.29
3.93

2.00
0.91
1.81
1.41
2.86
1.28
3.32

1.83
0.71
1.66
1.31
2.67
1.24
3.27

1.02
0.42
1.54
1.15
2.75
1.17
3.53

USD
USD
%

59 187
112 381
52.7

53 233
150 497
35.4

52 678
181 990
28.9

53 255
180 117
29.6

53 233
150 496
35.4

0.99
0.20
4.90

1.12
0.16
7.10

1.02
0.14
7.19

1.30
-0.50
-2.62

1.12
0.16
7.10

1.03
2.93
0.35

0.98
2.87
0.34

0.84
2.99
0.28

1.06
2.10
0.50

0.98
2.87
0.34

1.26
-0.51
-2.45

1.32
-0.70
-1.87

0.92
2.74
0.33

0.89
3.03
0.30

1.26
-0.52
-2.41

1.32
-0.73
-1.81

1.37
-0.97
-1.42

1.03
2.86
0.36

0.89
2.75
0.32

1.06
3.07
0.35

1.18
-0.26
-4.60

1.25
-0.65
-1.92

1.46
-0.37
-3.98

1.35
-0.48
-2.83

1.32
-0.66
-2.01

0.98
2.67
0.37

0.92
3.15
0.29

0.83
2.86
0.29

0.91
2.67
0.34

0.83
2.75
0.30

6000

12 096

-10 995

-13 105

-0.06

0.42

1.15

0.02

3.27

2.32

1.29

3.35

0.91

1.58

1.46

1.33

0.28

0.73

1.51

1.39

1.46

1.46

1.58

2.65

0.33

0.79

1.41

1.17

2.17

1.58

1.20

1.16

54
28

54
26

54
26

54
25

1.04
0.96

1.00
1.05

1.00
1.11

1.04
0.90

1.00
1.11

0.98
1.17

1.02
1.03

1.00
1.28

1.00
1.15

1.02
1.12

1.00
1.00

1.00
1.04

1.02
1.15

1.00
1.15

1.02
1.12

0.98
1.15

0.98
1.00

1.00
1.08

1.00
1.04

0.98
1.21

1.02
1.15

1.02
1.19

1.02
1.12

0.98
1.19

0.93
1.07

0.93
1.00

0.94
1.08

0.93
1.00

%
USD
years
%

54
27

1.06
1.01

0.96
1.20

%
%

Field crop farm


Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

USD
USD
USD
USD
hectare
FTE

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009

314 068
1 392 581
199 455
1 193 126
529

334 533
1 761 360
224 241
1 537 119
545
2.45

465 114
2 021 039
240 704
1 780 335
587
2.80

539 400
2 082 181
269 806
1 812 375
573
2.29

489 855
2 081 062
262 595
1 818 467
541
2.51

0.80
1.01
1.31
0.96
1.21

0.85
0.91
1.31
0.86
1.20
0.00

0.28
0.55
0.38
0.57
0.44
0.46

0.82
1.06
1.30
1.02
1.17
1.68

0.27
0.57
0.36
0.61
0.42
0.64

1.15
1.04
0.64
1.10
0.71

1.10
1.53
0.47
1.69
0.77
0.00

2.35
1.77
2.16
1.72
1.86
1.93

1.09
0.97
0.70
1.01
0.83
1.06

2.28
1.75
2.02
1.72
1.79
1.47

0.78
1.06
1.26
1.03
1.15
1.55

0.79
1.02
1.33
0.00
1.25
1.27

1.46
1.20
1.19
1.20
1.14
0.66

1.48
1.18
1.15
1.19
1.10
0.77

0.81
1.00
1.21
0.97
1.32
1.75

0.77
1.05
1.25
1.02
1.26
1.13

0.79
1.04
1.33
1.00
1.33
1.18

1.50
1.18
0.88
1.23
0.56
1.00

1.49
1.14
0.94
1.17
0.60
0.92

1.44
1.13
0.92
1.16
0.62
0.98

0.73
1.18
1.21
1.18
1.17

0.83
0.92
1.28
0.87
1.20

0.79
1.13
1.22
1.12
1.12

0.77
1.14
1.25
1.12
1.13
1.20

0.78
1.07
1.35
1.04
1.27
1.19

1.51
0.60
0.98
0.54
0.94

1.54
0.59
1.02
0.53
1.04

1.51
0.59
1.07
0.53
1.07

1.45
0.67
1.05
0.62
1.08
1.07

1.47
0.68
1.13
0.62
1.04
1.04

37 016
33 134
33 134

36 374
35 846
35 846

28 586
26 827
26 827

29 583
28 390
28 390

24 885
23 950
23 950

1.17
1.19
0.00

1.23
1.24
0.00

0.38
0.35
0.35

1.24
1.24
0.00

0.43
0.42
0.42

0.76
0.78
0.00

0.61
0.62
0.00

1.95
2.01
2.01

0.77
0.79
0.00

1.90
1.95
1.95

1.21
1.21

1.43
1.43

1.12
1.12

1.06
1.06

1.29

1.27

1.46

0.78

0.83

0.77

1.14
1.14

1.22
1.23

1.24
1.26

1.18
1.17

1.40
1.43

1.13
1.09

1.11
1.10

1.22
1.18

1.14
1.14

1.04
1.04

USD
USD
USD
USD
USD
USD
%
USD
USD
USD
USD
USD

3 882
10.7

528
9.8

1 759
5.8

1 193
5.2

935
4.8

347 202
234 570
112 632
29 687
82 945

370 379
282 934
87 445
29 811
57 634

491 941
345 203
146 738
36 389
110 349

567 790
390 435
177 355
49 998
127 357

513 805
359 628
154 177
46 522
107 655

1.00
1.41
0.83
1.29
-0.12
1.07
-0.54

0.75
1.39
0.89
1.32
-0.51
1.05
-1.32

0.82
1.32
0.28
0.33
0.18
0.27
0.15

1.21
1.48
0.84
1.36
-0.31
1.08
-0.86

0.72
1.57
0.27
0.30
0.21
0.27
0.18

0.59
0.68
1.11
0.68
2.00
0.82
2.43

0.18
0.58
1.05
0.52
2.76
0.73
3.81

0.91
0.84
2.33
2.25
2.53
2.13
2.66

0.36
0.72
1.07
0.65
1.99
0.91
2.42

0.70
0.84
2.26
2.16
2.51
2.14
2.67

1.51
0.80
1.32
-0.35
1.03
-0.90

0.00
0.82
1.37
0.00
0.98
0.00

0.78
1.44
1.09
2.21
1.25
2.59

0.73
1.46
1.12
2.26
1.36
2.66

0.63
1.58
0.81
1.30
-0.57
0.98
-1.25

1.22
1.65
0.77
1.32
-0.69
1.01
-1.56

0.73
1.83
0.79
1.38
-0.83
0.99
-1.83

0.46
0.52
1.50
0.88
3.27
0.89
4.31

0.76
0.56
1.49
0.91
3.02
1.09
4.00

0.82
0.54
1.44
0.89
2.96
1.14
3.98

1.05
1.48
0.77
1.21
-0.13
1.01
-0.54

0.56
1.40
0.87
1.31
-0.53
1.05
-1.37

0.83
1.52
0.81
1.27
-0.25
0.97
-0.66

1.42
1.50
0.79
1.30
-0.34
1.02
-0.87

0.75
1.73
0.81
1.37
-0.47
0.98
-1.10

1.51
0.77
1.47
1.09
2.27
1.04
2.71

1.86
0.75
1.49
1.11
2.75
1.16
3.59

1.80
0.82
1.49
1.13
2.33
1.11
2.73

1.11
0.79
1.44
1.11
2.17
1.11
2.59

1.07
0.72
1.45
1.11
2.23
1.16
2.69

USD
USD
%

44 733
112 632
39.7

53 474
87 445
61.2

47 085
146 738
32.1

47 814
177 355
27.0

48 790
154 177
31.6

1.09
-0.12
-9.06

1.13
-0.51
-2.20

0.88
0.18
4.92

1.05
-0.31
-3.37

1.07
0.21
5.21

1.11
2.00
0.55

1.15
2.76
0.42

0.83
2.53
0.33

1.06
1.99
0.53

0.99
2.51
0.39

1.09
-0.35
-3.07

1.29
0.00
0.00

1.03
2.21
0.46

0.98
2.26
0.43

1.15
-0.57
-2.00

1.04
-0.69
-1.52

1.26
-0.83
-1.53

1.17
3.27
0.36

1.09
3.02
0.36

1.00
2.96
0.34

1.09
-0.13
-8.10

1.11
-0.53
-2.09

1.13
-0.25
-4.52

1.11
-0.34
-3.30

1.29
-0.47
-2.74

1.07
2.27
0.47

0.87
2.75
0.31

0.95
2.33
0.41

1.06
2.17
0.49

0.92
2.23
0.41

0.96

0.97

1.62

1.74

1.00

0.98

1.25

0.71

0.61

1.10

1.38

1.48

1.00

0.92

1.02

1.16

1.41

0.75

1.59

0.88

53
26.4

53
28.4

53
23.8

54
25.3

54
23.5

0.96
0.91

0.96
1.09

1.06
0.99

1.00
0.99

1.06
0.99

1.04
1.17

1.08
1.02

0.98
1.13

1.00
1.07

0.98
1.23

0.98
1.00

1.00
1.17

0.98
1.00

1.00
1.08

1.00
1.08

0.98
1.00

1.00
1.22

1.00
1.38

0.96
1.08

1.02
1.04

0.98
0.96

0.96
1.10

1.02
1.04

0.99
1.03

1.02
1.22

0.98
1.31

0.91
1.14

0.92
1.25

0.92
1.06

0.93
1.04

%
USD
years
%
%
%

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

100 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE


Fruit and vegetable farm
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

USD
USD
USD
USD
hectare
FTE

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009

735 309
2 745 522
302 172
2 443 350
154

1 001 072
3 776 074
366 965
3 409 109
191
11.88

1 099 182
3 904 879
380 517
3 524 362
218
11.45

1 245 634
4 304 390
424 244
3 880 146
235
11.21

1 164 648
3 984 246
467 558
3 516 688
213
12.85

0.81
1.06
1.48
1.01
1.10

0.73
1.05
1.23
1.03
1.18
0.00

0.12
0.33
0.19
0.35
0.21
0.16

0.77
1.17
1.42
1.15
1.43
1.52

0.11
0.34
0.16
0.36
0.29
0.47

1.02
0.86
0.52
0.90
0.73

0.96
0.92
0.61
0.95
0.73
0.00

2.11
1.74
1.85
1.72
1.92
1.44

0.75
0.83
0.59
0.86
0.63
0.83

2.39
1.90
2.28
1.85
2.06
1.98

0.73
1.11
1.31
1.09
1.30
1.40

0.77
1.00
1.14
0.00
1.21
1.33

1.42
1.28
1.01
1.31
1.13
0.36

1.87
1.79
1.66
1.81
1.43
0.42

0.58
0.88
1.26
0.84
0.95
1.00

0.65
1.19
1.50
1.16
1.45
1.27

0.79
1.21
1.28
1.20
1.51
1.08

1.22
0.97
0.92
0.97
0.78
1.07

1.16
0.88
0.83
0.89
0.65
1.13

1.10
0.94
0.85
0.96
0.63
0.99

0.69
1.31
1.25
1.32
0.99

0.62
1.07
1.11
1.07
1.06

0.58
1.14
1.21
1.14
0.98

0.65
1.31
1.34
1.30
1.44
1.05

0.68
1.26
1.25
1.26
1.40
0.93

2.05
0.67
1.34
0.59
1.10

1.86
0.73
1.28
0.68
1.23

1.86
0.60
1.13
0.55
1.20

1.73
0.60
1.10
0.55
0.98
1.37

2.01
0.78
1.53
0.69
1.09
1.48

5 559
4 850
4 850

6 875
6 033
6 033

9 992
6 303
6 303

8 617
7 533
7 533

7 970
7 430
7 430

1.72
1.71
1.71

1.78
1.65
0.00

0.62
0.55
0.55

0.91
1.04
0.00

0.19
0.17
0.17

0.39
0.43
0.00

0.69
0.74
0.00

1.31
1.88
1.88

0.55
0.63
0.63

2.19
2.25
2.25

0.94
0.94

0.00
1.49

1.30
1.30

1.35
1.35

1.17

1.05

1.96

0.64

0.67

0.35

1.37
1.31

1.42
1.57

0.90
1.03

0.94
1.07

1.37
1.48

1.18
1.19

1.13
1.16

1.80
1.54

1.39
1.13

1.26
1.27

USD
USD
USD
USD
USD
USD
%
USD
USD
USD
USD
USD

709
0.8

842
0.7

3 689
0.9

1 084
0.7

540
0.7

740 159
542 510
197 649
38 502
159 147

1 007 105
768 837
238 268
41 317
196 951

1 105 485
787 031
318 454
44 207
274 247

1 253 167
931 527
321 640
62 610
259 030

1 172 078
854 557
317 521
63 580
253 941

1.78
2.10
0.82
1.27
-0.44
1.29
-0.85

2.70
2.41
0.74
1.19
-0.73
1.10
-1.11

0.74
5.16
0.12
0.16
0.03
0.19
0.00

0.00
1.17
0.77
1.25
-0.62
1.14
-1.04

0.54
1.77
0.11
0.14
0.03
0.18
-0.01

0.12
0.39
1.01
0.65
2.01
0.79
2.30

0.26
0.72
0.96
0.49
2.47
1.06
2.77

0.33
0.62
2.11
2.04
2.27
1.95
2.32

0.00
0.73
0.75
0.42
1.70
0.74
1.93

1.37
0.92
2.39
2.32
2.56
2.25
2.64

1.28
0.73
1.14
-0.48
1.06
-0.89

0.00
0.00
1.25
0.00
1.01
0.00

0.92
1.42
1.02
2.58
1.21
2.95

0.73
1.86
1.25
3.75
1.49
4.40

0.69
2.04
0.58
1.00
-0.49
1.04
-0.74

0.00
1.62
0.65
1.13
-0.79
1.10
-1.27

0.90
2.47
0.79
1.40
-0.87
1.08
-1.37

1.14
0.52
1.22
0.98
1.83
0.95
1.98

1.52
0.58
1.16
0.97
1.72
0.92
1.92

0.59
0.32
1.10
0.85
1.78
0.98
1.99

1.74
1.99
0.69
1.10
-0.40
1.14
-0.76

0.34
2.29
0.62
1.04
-0.71
1.01
-1.07

0.69
1.54
0.59
0.97
-0.35
1.01
-0.56

0.00
1.45
0.65
1.07
-0.56
1.09
-0.95

0.80
1.99
0.69
1.23
-0.69
1.06
-1.12

1.10
0.58
2.04
1.61
3.20
1.23
3.67

0.92
0.61
1.86
1.47
3.08
1.50
3.41

2.23
0.97
1.86
1.38
3.03
1.36
3.29

3.23
0.81
1.72
1.43
2.57
1.26
2.89

1.16
0.63
2.01
1.52
3.25
1.39
3.71

USD
USD
%

83 319
197 649
42.2

89 856
238 268
37.7

77 157
318 454
24.2

78 390
321 640
24.4

88 894
317 521
28.0

1.13
-0.44
-2.60

1.01
-0.73
-1.39

0.66
0.03
23.17

1.51
-0.62
-2.45

0.80
0.03
27.15

1.09
2.01
0.54

0.76
2.47
0.31

0.88
2.27
0.39

0.92
1.70
0.54

1.08
2.56
0.42

1.36
-0.48
-2.84

0.81
0.00
0.00

1.21
2.58
0.47

0.82
3.75
0.22

0.98
-0.49
-2.01

1.64
-0.79
-2.07

0.95
-0.87
-1.09

1.07
1.83
0.58

0.88
1.72
0.51

1.12
1.78
0.63

1.12
-0.40
-2.84

1.00
-0.71
-1.41

1.23
-0.35
-3.52

1.44
-0.56
-2.57

0.91
-0.69
-1.32

0.74
3.20
0.23

0.89
3.08
0.29

0.73
3.03
0.24

0.84
2.57
0.33

0.83
3.25
0.25

1.40

0.51

1.33

0.43

-0.43

0.89

0.37

1.66

0.16

1.06

-0.20

0.27

-0.02

0.48

0.54

3.06

2.46

2.94

1.87

0.11

55
45.3

55
43.5

57
44.9

58
48.0

57
37.5

0.98
1.10

1.02
0.94

1.00
0.64

0.98
1.00

1.04
0.95

1.04
0.86

0.96
0.80

1.00
1.09

1.03
0.96

0.98
1.09

0.98
0.98

1.02
1.00

0.98
0.84

0.98
1.00

1.00
0.98

0.98
1.08

1.02
0.95

1.00
1.07

1.00
0.98

1.00
1.05

1.00
1.13

1.02
1.05

1.00
0.98

1.00
1.00

1.02
0.95

0.98
0.93

0.89
0.98

0.95
1.00

0.93
1.03

0.95
0.92

%
USD
years
%
%
%

Dairy farm
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009

USD
USD
USD
USD
hectare
FTE

527 701
1 695 461
316 679
1 378 782
172

547 961
2 056 126
351 984
1 704 142
178
5.50

812 676
2 321 642
401 327
1 920 315
191
5.89

856 711
2 333 796
429 926
1 903 870
181
5.88

673 482
2 298 415
537 129
1 761 286
187
5.90

0.84
0.92
1.15
0.87
1.06

1.10
1.31
1.64
1.24
1.16
0.00

0.17
0.41
0.21
0.45
0.49
0.57

1.19
1.21
1.53
1.13
1.07
1.07

0.19
0.41
0.22
0.47
0.58
0.65

0.96
0.98
0.62
1.06
0.86

0.95
0.80
0.43
0.88
0.79
0.00

2.90
2.27
2.83
2.15
1.74
2.11

1.01
0.90
0.62
0.97
0.84
0.73

3.37
2.43
3.44
2.12
1.93
2.09

0.83
0.96
1.13
0.92
0.99
1.19

1.07
1.12
1.32
0.00
1.15
1.69

2.57
1.72
2.07
1.64
1.29
1.14

2.67
1.54
1.87
1.43
0.97
0.77

0.74
1.10
1.03
1.11
1.32
0.50

1.13
1.17
1.52
1.09
1.15
1.14

1.14
1.16
1.46
1.07
1.19
1.75

1.63
1.22
1.42
1.18
0.79
0.50

1.59
1.21
1.43
1.17
0.80
1.24

1.81
1.24
1.31
1.22
0.70
0.77

0.61
1.19
0.96
1.24
1.09

1.01
1.28
1.43
1.25
1.11

0.70
1.11
0.96
1.14
1.21

0.92
1.14
1.22
1.13
1.03
1.01

1.12
1.21
1.44
1.14
1.18
0.73

2.03
1.02
1.96
0.81
0.97

2.21
1.02
1.98
0.84
0.97

2.00
1.08
1.95
0.91
0.99

1.99
1.05
1.92
0.86
1.05
1.29

1.69
0.82
1.39
0.66
0.76
0.74

USD
USD
USD
USD
USD
USD
%
USD
USD
USD
USD
USD

134 575
10 197
10 197

69 927
15 782
15 782

186 686
8 017
8 017

8 470
8 384
8 384

98 209
29 649
29 649

0.92
1.07
0.00

1.17
1.25
0.00

0.89
0.52
0.52

1.37
1.38
0.00

0.66
0.41
0.41

0.90
0.82
0.00

0.70
0.45
0.00

0.89
2.12
2.12

0.52
0.52
0.00

1.70
2.36
2.36

1.05
1.05

0.00
1.29

1.17
1.17

1.14
1.14

1.36

1.44

1.33

0.83

1.05

0.87

0.75
1.00

1.09
1.19

0.99
1.22

1.15
1.17

1.36
1.32

2.04
1.23

1.89
1.15

1.85
1.00

1.41
1.43

1.33
0.95

124 378
25.0
537 898
382 203
155 695
49 917
105 778

54 145
12.4
563 743
447 617
116 126
48 434
67 692

178 669
22.7
820 693
581 986
238 707
63 415
175 292

86
1.0
865 095
667 890
197 205
76 335
120 870

68 560
14.0
703 131
618 653
84 478
67 939
16 539

0.91
1.09
0.85
1.27
-0.18
0.88
-0.68

1.14
1.06
1.10
1.53
-0.54
1.27
-1.84

0.91
5.28
0.17
0.18
0.14
0.19
0.13

0.00
1.14
1.20
1.63
-0.29
1.36
-1.32

0.76
3.23
0.20
0.19
0.31
0.29
0.38

0.90
0.94
0.95
0.61
1.79
0.73
2.30

0.77
0.75
0.93
0.47
2.70
0.73
4.11

0.83
0.31
2.90
2.91
2.86
2.74
2.91

0.00
0.51
1.00
0.54
2.56
0.89
3.61

1.42
0.51
3.33
3.42
2.66
3.25
0.24

1.27
0.83
1.16
-0.30
1.00
-1.16

0.00
0.00
1.37
0.00
1.19
0.00

0.46
2.55
1.91
4.75
2.35
6.34

0.44
2.60
1.68
9.84
2.62
53.75

0.78
1.83
0.74
1.18
-0.36
0.77
-0.79

0.00
1.27
1.13
1.65
-0.72
1.47
-2.19

1.41
1.17
1.14
1.48
-2.79
1.30
18.40

1.66
0.51
1.63
1.47
2.03
0.14
2.75

0.00
0.66
1.59
1.39
2.30
1.46
2.87

1.58
0.48
1.81
1.34
7.11
1.54
-21.77

0.73
1.21
0.62
0.97
-0.22
0.63
-0.62

1.06
1.07
1.01
1.41
-0.51
1.14
-1.66

0.98
1.40
0.70
1.09
-0.23
0.86
-0.62

0.00
1.25
0.93
1.31
-0.39
1.18
-1.41

1.38
1.20
1.13
1.45
-1.19
1.25
-10.97

2.10
1.01
2.02
1.76
2.65
1.83
3.03

2.11
0.87
2.18
1.79
3.64
1.79
4.93

1.89
0.93
1.99
1.74
2.61
1.73
2.92

0.00
0.71
1.99
1.66
3.12
1.80
3.97

1.50
0.80
1.66
1.18
5.18
1.33
20.58

USD
USD
%

26 486
155 695
17.0

29 041
116 126
25.0

21 797
238 707
9.1

26 102
197 205
13.2

21 353
84 478
25.3

0.00
-0.18
0.00

1.55
-0.54
-2.85

0.73
0.14
5.06

1.85
-0.29
-6.46

0.92
0.31
3.02

0.83
1.79
0.46

0.76
2.70
0.28

1.27
2.86
0.44

0.70
2.56
0.27

1.27
2.66
0.48

1.88
-0.30
-6.17

1.31
0.00
0.00

0.81
4.75
0.17

0.70
9.84
0.07

1.07
-0.36
-2.95

2.47
-0.72
-3.45

1.39
-2.79
-0.50

0.97
2.03
0.48

0.80
2.30
0.35

0.74
7.11
0.10

1.47
-0.22
-6.71

1.52
-0.51
-3.01

1.11
-0.23
-4.84

1.99
-0.39
-5.05

1.37
-1.19
-1.15

0.67
2.65
0.25

0.92
3.64
0.25

1.02
2.61
0.39

0.70
3.12
0.23

0.64
5.18
0.12

1.75

1.56

2.09

3.08

1.71

2.77

1.80

0.96

1.18

1.76

8.44

3.26

1.47

2.32

1.63

-1.68

0.79

1.43

1.68

1.57

50
12.1

51
13.8

51
10.0

51
12.2

51
12.0

1.02
1.16

1.00
1.23

0.98
0.15

1.04
1.39

0.94
0.50

0.98
0.83

1.02
0.14

1.02
1.97

1.00
0.57

1.02
2.08

1.04
1.33

1.06
1.25

1.00
1.17

1.00
1.33

1.06
1.00

1.04
1.75

1.04
1.17

0.94
1.10

0.96
0.83

0.92
1.00

1.04
1.17

1.00
1.21

1.06
0.90

1.05
1.40

1.04
1.25

0.92
1.33

0.87
1.71

0.92
1.20

0.94
1.23

0.86
0.83

%
USD
years
%
%
%

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

101

Beef and sheep farm


Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

USD
USD
USD
USD
hectare
FTE

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009

411 638
2 314 820
204 868
2 109 952
1 705

376 660
2 937 289
240 066
2 697 223
1 420
2.59

629 342
2 902 999
287 485
2 615 514
1 742
3.19

590 946
3 545 710
357 708
3 188 002
1 881
3.26

532 344
3 932 863
328 888
3 603 975
2 028
3.20

0.81
1.30
1.49
1.28
1.62

1.05
1.16
1.54
0.78
1.26
0.00

0.21
0.65
0.36
0.68
0.58
0.68

1.12
1.25
1.71
1.20
1.21
1.25

0.24
0.80
0.56
0.82
0.58
0.71

0.72
0.66
0.45
0.68
0.63

0.94
1.17
0.43
1.23
0.66
0.00

3.95
2.00
3.11
1.88
2.15
1.96

0.78
0.75
0.39
0.79
0.78
0.89

3.77
2.11
2.91
2.04
1.92
1.70

1.01
1.30
1.62
1.26
1.26
1.30

1.00
1.13
1.28
1.11
1.37
1.27

2.44
1.15
1.14
1.15
1.06
0.69

2.44
0.93
1.50
0.88
0.76
0.79

0.71
1.26
1.18
1.27
1.77
1.25

0.85
1.36
1.36
1.36
1.63
1.17

0.92
1.33
1.14
1.34
1.54
1.03

3.07
0.73
1.30
0.67
0.10
1.25

2.07
0.52
0.70
0.50
0.07
0.92

2.57
0.68
1.41
0.61
0.14
0.97

0.65
1.54
1.39
1.55
1.56

1.00
1.73
1.51
1.75
1.29

0.72
1.38
1.15
1.40
1.40

0.88
1.54
1.39
1.55
1.30
1.23

0.94
1.44
1.14
1.47
1.34
0.01

2.76
0.49
1.01
0.45
0.86

1.94
0.39
1.23
0.32
0.65

2.17
0.50
1.43
0.40
0.49

1.92
0.37
0.98
0.31
0.48
0.91

1.63
0.33
1.09
0.27
0.29
0.01

13 084
11 163
11 163

12 611
12 006
12 006

13 151
10 424
10 424

9 058
8 384
8 384

14 677
11 476
11 476

1.28
1.22
0.00

1.46
1.49
0.00

0.48
0.43
0.43

1.91
2.00
0.00

0.61
0.66
0.66

0.49
0.51
0.51

0.75
0.71
0.71

1.64
1.86
1.86

0.84
0.73
0.00

1.87
1.87
1.87

1.34
1.34

0.00
1.40

1.20
1.20

1.38
1.38

1.31

1.30

1.24

0.24

0.26

0.57

1.13
1.10

1.43
1.45

1.16
1.26

1.43
1.38

1.32
1.30

0.89
0.68

0.85
0.82

0.91
0.80

0.78
0.59

2.03
0.77

USD
USD
USD
USD
USD
USD
%
USD
USD
USD
USD
USD

1 921
3.1

605
3.2

2 727
2.1

674
1.5

3 201
2.7

422 801
319 930
102 871
26 934
75 937

388 666
307 858
80 808
25 833
54 975

639 766
533 945
105 821
35 722
70 099

599 330
511 033
88 297
38 869
49 428

543 820
464 266
79 554
37 465
42 089

1.64
1.56
0.82
1.25
-0.51
1.21
-1.12

0.97
1.38
1.06
1.71
-1.40
1.19
-2.62

0.68
2.27
0.21
0.22
0.15
0.47
-0.01

0.73
1.69
1.13
1.57
-1.39
1.17
-3.39

0.45
2.46
0.25
0.29
0.03
0.55
-0.43

0.32
0.68
0.72
0.41
1.68
0.65
2.04

1.65
0.80
0.94
0.40
2.98
0.73
4.03

0.78
0.42
3.92
3.90
3.98
2.57
4.70

2.22
1.08
0.78
0.33
3.39
0.71
5.51

1.87
0.50
3.73
3.70
3.92
2.55
5.14

1.32
1.02
1.42
-1.84
1.11
-5.52

0.00
1.01
1.43
-1.43
1.03
-3.70

0.50
2.42
1.81
6.74
1.27
13.54

0.57
2.41
1.56
7.35
1.73
12.53

0.58
1.85
0.71
0.97
-0.75
1.27
-1.97

0.76
1.53
0.85
1.15
-1.09
1.14
-3.34

1.52
1.35
0.92
1.27
-1.48
1.04
-4.55

3.36
0.08
3.07
2.59
5.81
1.14
8.67

4.47
0.13
2.07
1.38
6.51
1.79
11.28

2.59
0.22
2.57
1.48
9.97
1.35
20.52

1.33
1.70
0.67
1.02
-0.44
1.14
-1.01

0.97
1.41
1.01
1.64
-1.37
1.20
-2.58

0.75
1.59
0.73
1.03
-0.76
1.27
-1.76

0.86
1.61
0.89
1.24
-0.89
1.09
-2.19

0.07
1.39
0.95
1.34
-1.11
1.04
-2.83

1.96
0.33
2.70
2.22
4.19
1.12
5.31

1.60
0.45
1.91
1.32
4.17
1.06
5.64

1.32
0.42
2.14
1.56
5.05
1.07
7.02

3.53
0.41
1.90
1.30
4.96
0.93
7.59

4.49
1.26
1.61
0.91
5.34
0.93
8.86

USD
USD
%

54 201
102 871
52.7

76 220
80 808
94.3

69 391
105 821
65.6

82 029
88 297
92.9

73 877
79 554
92.9

1.19
-0.51
-2.33

1.51
-1.40
-1.08

1.11
0.15
7.32

1.15
-1.39
-0.83

1.16
0.03
36.09

1.00
1.68
0.60

0.90
2.98
0.30

1.00
3.98
0.25

1.33
3.39
0.39

0.89
3.92
0.23

1.18
-1.84
-0.64

1.46
-1.43
-1.02

0.55
6.74
0.08

0.48
7.35
0.07

1.17
-0.75
-1.57

1.23
-1.09
-1.13

1.35
-1.48
-0.91

1.01
5.81
0.17

0.57
6.51
0.09

1.09
9.97
0.11

1.23
-0.44
-2.81

1.50
-1.37
-1.10

1.30
-0.76
-1.72

1.16
-0.89
-1.29

1.34
-1.11
-1.20

0.80
4.19
0.19

0.75
4.17
0.18

0.84
5.05
0.17

0.69
4.96
0.14

0.68
5.34
0.13

0.42

0.45

1.90

3.87

2.39

0.30

0.49

-0.72

2.02

3.36

1.88

-1.98

1.12

0.58

0.23

0.37

-2.69

2.48

1.93

2.85

55
30.0

56
30.0

55
32.4

56
28.5

57
31.5

0.98
0.97

0.98
1.03

0.98
1.07

1.04
1.16

1.04
0.84

1.02
1.10

1.04
1.20

1.02
1.08

1.04
0.81

0.98
1.22

0.63
0.00

1.00
1.13

1.02
0.90

1.00
0.91

1.02
1.06

1.02
1.07

1.02
1.03

0.93
0.88

1.02
0.79

0.98
0.94

0.98
1.00

0.98
1.03

1.04
1.06

0.94
2.06

1.02
1.23

1.02
0.97

0.91
0.83

0.91
0.75

0.94
0.94

0.95
1.06

%
USD
years
%
%
%

Non-rumints farm
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

USD
USD
USD
USD
hectare
FTE

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009

358,813
1,480,015
210,095
1,269,920
238

333,136
2,031,792
218,618
1,813,174
290
2.70

474,103
1,978,146
277,803
1,700,343
190
3.09

592,819
2,415,337
294,843
2,120,494
274
4.31

486,575
1,949,140
306,424
1,642,716
287
3.72

0.98
1.28
1.40
1.27
1.52

0.89
1.82
1.10
1.90
6.19
0.00

0.27
0.60
0.62
0.60
0.35
0.61

0.76
1.15
0.99
1.17
1.19
2.02

0.26
0.67
0.53
0.70
0.50
0.49

0.76
0.70
0.75
0.69
0.53

0.81
0.66
0.59
0.66
0.66
0.00

4.65
2.35
2.38
2.35
3.43
3.14

0.82
0.78
0.68
0.80
0.67
0.77

4.26
2.10
2.08
2.10
3.61
2.87

0.64
1.18
1.05
1.20
1.30
1.77

0.97
1.16
1.09
1.18
1.80
1.37

2.44
1.34
1.20
1.37
1.34
0.66

1.91
1.43
1.20
1.48
1.17
0.85

0.83
1.61
1.35
1.65
1.78
1.40

0.59
1.12
0.96
1.15
1.30
1.47

0.91
1.20
1.14
1.22
2.18
1.21

1.20
0.81
1.03
0.77
0.33
1.00

1.25
0.81
0.96
0.79
0.35
0.88

1.11
0.88
1.02
0.85
0.26
0.93

0.81
1.81
1.18
1.91
2.09

0.80
1.91
1.03
2.01
1.93

0.76
1.64
1.20
1.70
1.55

0.66
1.43
1.02
1.48
1.38
1.57

0.96
1.28
1.10
1.31
1.86
1.24

1.47
0.56
1.01
0.49
0.56

1.45
0.53
1.10
0.46
0.63

1.91
0.59
1.10
0.51
0.89

1.90
0.60
1.27
0.51
0.92
0.99

1.64
0.71
1.28
0.61
0.66
1.13

22,264
8,291
8,291

14,898
7,635
7,635

20,568
7,558
7,558

21,353
10,473
10,473

15,827
7,895
7,895

2.01
2.04
0.00

1.75
1.80
0.00

0.60
0.19
0.19

1.09
1.44
0.00

0.57
0.51
0.51

0.30
0.42
0.00

0.33
0.32
0.00

1.76
3.37
3.37

0.80
0.54
0.00

2.27
3.18
3.18

1.42
1.42

1.73
1.73

1.39
1.39

1.15
1.15

1.91

1.43

1.79

0.33

0.29

0.36

1.72
2.02

1.67
1.76

1.20
1.68

2.26
1.49

1.63
1.88

0.56
0.68

0.84
0.79

1.68
1.04

3.36
1.05

0.98
0.82

USD
USD
USD
USD
USD
USD
%
USD
USD
USD
USD
USD

13,973
6.1

7,263
4.4

13,010
4.3

10,880
3.5

7,932
3.2

367,104
253,399
113,705
30,166
83,539

340,771
245,173
95,598
30,305
65,293

481,661
326,250
155,411
32,290
123,121

603,292
427,084
176,208
55,757
120,451

494,470
365,097
129,373
42,121
87,252

2.00
2.00
1.01
1.73
-0.61
1.45
-1.35

1.69
1.93
0.91
1.57
-0.79
1.30
-1.76

0.84
2.27
0.27
0.28
0.23
0.53
0.16

0.76
1.41
0.78
1.26
-0.40
0.85
-0.99

0.62
2.13
0.27
0.25
0.31
0.41
0.26

0.23
0.40
0.75
0.46
1.41
0.80
1.63

0.35
0.41
0.80
0.36
1.93
0.62
2.54

0.82
0.38
4.63
4.44
5.03
2.94
5.58

1.06
0.99
0.82
0.45
1.70
0.80
2.12

1.38
0.54
4.24
4.34
3.96
2.86
4.48

2.15
0.66
1.08
-0.39
0.75
-1.01

1.77
0.98
1.54
-0.53
0.95
-1.21

0.57
2.42
1.91
3.71
2.14
4.57

0.61
1.89
1.41
3.19
1.48
3.97

0.95
2.31
0.83
1.56
-0.79
1.08
-1.31

0.88
2.45
0.59
1.04
-0.62
0.63
-1.26

1.42
1.96
0.91
1.48
-0.79
1.02
-1.75

0.32
0.28
1.20
0.96
1.73
1.04
1.92

0.67
0.23
1.25
1.00
1.91
1.22
2.26

0.47
0.32
1.11
0.91
1.71
0.93
2.13

1.56
2.05
0.84
1.46
-0.53
1.34
-1.20

1.58
2.02
0.83
1.45
-0.75
1.28
-1.71

0.92
1.54
0.78
1.41
-0.54
1.19
-0.99

0.74
3.37
0.67
1.10
-0.35
0.84
-0.89

1.38
1.67
0.97
1.54
-0.61
1.05
-1.40

0.49
0.38
1.45
1.11
2.21
0.90
2.69

0.91
0.59
1.44
1.07
2.37
0.95
3.05

2.05
0.89
1.90
1.46
2.80
1.21
3.21

2.24
1.79
1.88
1.44
2.94
1.23
3.70

1.14
0.60
1.63
1.34
2.43
1.17
3.03

USD
USD
%

59,216
113,705
52.1

74,135
95,598
77.5

78,162
155,411
50.3

64,980
176,208
36.9

63,141
129,373
48.8

1.01
-0.61
-1.66

1.39
-0.79
-1.77

0.67
0.23
2.86

1.87
-0.40
-4.62

1.21
0.31
3.95

1.08
1.41
0.77

0.76
1.93
0.39

0.51
5.03
0.10

0.69
1.70
0.41

0.59
3.96
0.15

1.42
-0.39
-3.65

1.92
-0.53
-3.62

0.69
3.71
0.19

0.90
3.19
0.28

1.51
-0.79
-1.92

1.38
-0.62
-2.24

1.95
-0.79
-2.46

0.85
1.73
0.49

0.68
1.91
0.36

0.68
1.71
0.40

1.01
-0.53
-1.91

1.46
-0.75
-1.94

2.59
-0.54
-4.79

1.86
-0.35
-5.32

1.97
-0.61
-3.24

1.21
2.21
0.54

1.09
2.37
0.46

0.60
2.80
0.22

0.64
2.94
0.22

0.50
2.43
0.21

-0.91

9.12

6.27

-4.09

1.07

-0.19

4.87

1.06

1.96

0.59

0.62

-2.44

1.24

0.01

4.70

1.77

1.76

2.79

0.00

2.16

53
27.3

54
27.2

54
27.7

52
25.5

54
22.4

0.96
1.21

1.00
1.91

0.96
1.31

1.00
1.57

1.00
0.84

1.02
0.95

1.00
0.85

0.98
0.92

1.04
1.02

1.04
1.44

1.00
1.42

1.04
1.13

1.06
1.21

1.02
1.52

0.98
1.00

0.98
1.58

1.04
1.32

1.00
0.93

1.00
0.77

0.98
0.91

0.98
1.11

0.98
1.86

0.98
1.25

1.01
1.53

1.02
1.14

1.04
1.15

0.95
1.32

0.94
0.43

0.91
0.94

0.91
0.77

%
USD
years
%
%
%

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

102 CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

Mixed farm
Unit
Farm size
Gross agricultural output
Total farm assets
Total farm liabilities
Farm net worth
Utilized Agricultural Area
Annual labor input (full-time equivalent)
Support
Total support
Total payments
First pillar payments
Second pillar payments
Other payments
Market price support
Support rate
Gross receipts
Farm cash expenses
Net operating income (including support)
Depreciation
Farm income
Off-farm activity
Non-farm income
Farm household income
Share of non-farm income in farm household income

Adoption of specific technology


Adoption of organic practice
Net investment
Operator's characteristics
Age of main operator
Educational attainment
Geographical condition
Share of land in less favored area
Land quality index

USD
USD
USD
USD
hectare
FTE

2004

Average in farm type


2006
2007
2008

Output-input ratio
Net operating income per working unit
Net operating income per UAA
Net operating income per net worth
Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type Average in low performers/average in farm type Average in high performers/average in farm type
2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009 2004 2006 2007 2008 2009

850 730
1 803 496
316 802
1 486 694
146

819 736
2 098 419
249 223
1 849 196
147
10.10

1 442 218
2 406 676
358 442
2 048 234
145
12.68

1 313 650
2 377 997
425 600
1 952 397
144
11.31

1 136 425
2 439 430
431 059
2 008 371
114
7.88

0.56
0.84
0.81
0.84
0.98

0.62
0.77
0.71
0.78
0.77
0.00

0.09
0.36
0.15
0.40
0.45
0.29

0.91
0.84
1.12
0.78
0.88
1.19

0.12
0.33
0.39
0.32
0.48
0.46

1.12
1.05
1.36
0.99
0.00

0.95
0.99
0.80
1.02
0.73
0.00

2.06
1.62
1.85
1.58
1.48
1.70

0.77
1.02
0.55
1.12
1.26
0.86

2.24
1.72
2.02
1.66
1.79
1.97

0.82
0.69
0.79
0.68
0.71
1.18

0.93
1.09
1.18
1.07
0.98
1.54

1.32
1.44
1.44
1.44
2.08
0.39

1.90
1.40
1.68
1.35
2.31
0.42

0.59
1.05
1.08
1.05
1.21
0.83

0.81
0.76
1.00
0.71
0.88
1.04

0.96
1.14
1.20
1.13
1.04
1.50

1.36
0.94
0.98
0.94
0.59
1.28

1.25
1.05
1.02
1.05
0.45
1.11

1.07
0.89
0.87
0.89
0.58
0.89

0.45
0.97
0.70
1.02
1.04

0.57
0.78
0.63
0.79
0.92

0.57
1.07
1.08
1.07
1.18

0.84
0.86
1.08
0.82
0.94
1.03

0.98
1.17
1.25
1.16
1.03
1.49

1.67
0.91
1.29
0.85
0.93

1.68
0.86
1.21
0.82
0.87

1.78
0.81
1.03
0.78
0.72

1.70
0.93
1.14
0.89
0.73
1.19

1.51
0.82
1.04
0.77
0.95
1.05

0.88
0.88

1.02
1.02

2.55
2.55

2.50
2.50

1.36

0.96

1.09

0.57

0.00

0.60

0.63
0.65

1.04
1.05

1.47
1.26

1.08
1.08

1.04
1.08

1.19
1.20

0.61
0.59

0.71
0.73

0.05
0.00

0.86
0.94

USD
USD
USD
USD
USD
USD
%
USD
USD
USD
USD
USD

8 910
8 599
8 599

7 188
7 061
7 061

6 918
5 885
5 885

6 597
6 509
6 509

4 643
4 038
4 038

0.78
0.76
0.00

1.11
1.12
0.00

1.07
0.88
0.88

0.99
1.00
0.00

0.23
0.24
0.24

0.90
0.91
0.00

0.52
0.52
0.52

1.40
1.48
1.48

1.66
1.68
0.00

1.92
2.10
2.10

311
1.0
859 329
567 560
291 769
43 592
248 177

127
0.9
826 797
584 412
242 385
39 695
202 690

1 033
0.5
1 448 103
1 019 693
428 410
51 334
377 076

88
0.5
1 320 159
1 125 558
194 601
63 453
131 148

605
0.4
1 140 463
899 852
240 611
62 475
178 136

1.37
1.40
0.56
0.90
-0.11
0.52
-0.22

0.10
1.79
0.62
0.97
-0.24
0.73
-0.43

2.16
11.81
0.09
0.11
0.05
0.20
0.03

0.00
1.09
0.91
1.23
-0.92
1.04
-1.86

0.18
1.90
0.12
0.13
0.08
0.25
0.02

0.67
0.81
1.11
0.68
1.95
1.08
2.10

0.44
0.55
0.94
0.50
2.01
0.85
2.24

0.91
0.68
2.06
2.01
2.18
1.79
2.24

0.00
2.12
0.78
0.40
2.95
0.72
4.04

0.70
0.86
2.24
2.22
2.30
2.05
2.39

1.06
0.83
1.12
-0.90
0.86
-1.86

1.09
0.93
1.35
-0.77
1.09
-1.56

1.92
1.33
0.82
4.24
1.42
5.78

1.31
1.90
1.34
4.20
1.80
5.22

2.73
2.31
0.59
1.00
-0.41
0.84
-0.58

0.00
1.19
0.81
1.13
-1.16
0.85
-2.24

0.80
1.14
0.96
1.44
-0.85
1.11
-1.55

0.57
0.42
1.36
1.14
1.87
1.04
1.98

0.00
0.00
1.25
1.05
2.43
1.10
3.14

0.21
0.56
1.07
0.89
1.76
0.96
2.05

0.00
1.40
0.45
0.75
-0.17
0.46
-0.30

0.09
1.80
0.58
0.92
-0.25
0.69
-0.43

2.68
2.57
0.57
0.96
-0.34
0.86
-0.51

0.00
1.30
0.83
1.16
-0.99
0.91
-1.87

0.74
1.06
0.98
1.45
-0.79
1.16
-1.48

0.91
0.71
1.67
1.43
2.16
1.27
2.33

1.53
0.36
1.67
1.36
2.41
1.45
2.60

0.55
0.40
1.78
1.38
2.72
1.19
2.92

3.49
0.03
1.68
1.39
3.33
1.28
4.29

0.33
0.57
1.51
1.19
2.72
1.14
3.28

USD
USD
%

36 021
291 769
12.3

47 866
242 385
19.7

46 021
428 410
10.7

48 919
194 601
25.1

48 333
240 611
20.1

1.21
-0.11
-10.96

0.68
-0.24
-2.88

1.05
0.05
21.99

0.79
-0.92
-0.86

1.00
0.08
12.48

1.13
1.95
0.58

0.84
2.01
0.42

0.99
2.18
0.46

1.56
2.95
0.53

1.03
2.30
0.45

0.78
-0.90
-0.86

1.16
-0.77
-1.52

0.74
4.24
0.18

0.81
4.20
0.19

1.33
-0.41
-3.24

0.69
-1.16
-0.59

1.18
-0.85
-1.39

0.89
1.87
0.47

1.18
2.43
0.49

0.95
1.76
0.54

1.39
-0.17
-7.95

0.65
-0.25
-2.65

1.29
-0.34
-3.78

0.73
-0.99
-0.74

1.21
-0.79
-1.53

1.03
2.16
0.48

0.90
2.41
0.37

0.94
2.72
0.35

1.21
3.33
0.36

0.97
2.72
0.36

0.96

1.41

2.88

1.30

4.08

-10.52

0.94

-0.22

5.55

1.07

1.39

1.07

3.81

-19.50

1.24

1.11

1.42

-0.60

11.50

1.19

0.94
0.94

1.00
0.76

1.08
0.58

0.96
0.66

1.04
1.05

0.94
0.87

0.98
1.03

0.98
1.05

1.00
1.10

1.00
1.09

1.08
0.90

1.00
1.43

1.06
1.00

0.94
0.91

0.98
1.00

1.00
1.21

0.98
1.00

0.96
0.97

1.05
1.20

0.98
1.11

%
USD
years
%

51
29.7

53
36.5

54
38.0

52
31.1

54
35.5

1.04
0.98

1.00
1.48

1.02
1.16

0.96
0.93

0.98
0.75

0.98
0.98

1.04
0.74

0.96
1.01

1.08
0.96

1.00
1.07

%
%

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF FARM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

103

Annex Table B.14 Average factor scores by country for selected farm types

Australia
Belgian Flanders
Canada
Estonia
Germany
The Netherlands
England
USA

All farm types


Field crop farms
Dairy farms
Beef and sheep farms
Factor 1 Factor 2 Factor 3 Factor 4 Factor 1 Factor 2 Factor 3 Factor 1 Factor 2 Factor 3 Factor 1 Factor 2 Factor 3 Factor 4
0.47
-0.51
0.33
-1.46
-1.04
0.37
-0.27
-0.21
-1.08
0.09
0.92
0.99
0.21
0.24
-0.37
0.23
0.42
0.54
0.21
-0.05
1.44
0.24
0.62
0.25
-0.14
0.64
0.37
-1.38
-1.19
0.07
0.22
0.09
-0.42
-0.01
0.19
-0.30
-0.12
0.48
-0.98
0.36
0.06
0.02
-0.36
-0.75
-1.49
-0.14
-0.17
-0.77
-0.11
-0.75
-0.42
-0.75
0.34
-0.40
0.90
1.29
0.30
-0.30
-0.03
0.20
0.49
0.55
-0.16
0.12
0.63
1.20
0.01
0.63
0.43
-0.62
0.61
1.48
-0.46
0.56
0.08
0.57
0.59
-1.22
-0.52
-0.74
0.27
0.23
-0.85
0.44
0.25
-0.78
-0.77
-0.02
-0.24
-1.08
-0.16
0.12
-1.16
0.55
0.86
0.85
0.16
-0.20
0.45
0.18
0.17
0.58
1.80
0.05
-0.58
-1.63
0.98
0.31

Belgian Flanders
Canada
Germany
The Netherlands
England
USA

Fruit and vegetable farms


Non-ruminants farms
Factor 1 Factor 2 Factor 3 Factor 4 Factor 1 Factor 2 Factor 3 Factor 4
-0.49
0.16
-0.70
0.01
-0.20
0.48
-0.07
-0.50
-0.29
-0.27
-0.06
-0.32
-0.70
-0.75
-0.24
0.37
0.06
-0.43
0.00
1.26
-0.02
0.42
-0.12
0.23
0.70
0.34
0.55
-0.69
0.74
-0.70
-0.02
0.04
-0.29
0.05
-0.10
-0.25
-0.60
0.15
0.34
0.29
0.64
0.23
0.84
-0.23
1.17
0.32
0.07
-0.67

OECD FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES PAPER N60 OECD 2013

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