Ngy 11/7/2013 GERUND 1. Cch s dng L ch ng ca cu: dancing bored him. B ng ca ng t: her hobby is painting. L b ng: Seeing is believing.

ng. Sau gii t: He was accused of smuggling. Sau mt vi ng t: avoid, mind, enjoy,... 2. Mt s cch dng c bit + Nhng ng t sau c theo sau bi V-ing: admit, avoid, delay, enjoy, excuse, consider, deny, finish, imagine, forgive, keep, mind, miss, postpone, practise, resist, risk, propose, detest, dread, resent, pardon, try, fancy. Ex: - He admitted taking the money. - Would you consider selling the property? - He kept complaining. - He didn't want to risk getting wet. + Verbs + prepositions: apologize for, accuse of, insist on, feel like, congratulate on, suspect of, look forward to, dream of, succeed in, object to, approve/disapprove of... + Gerund cng theo sau nhng cm t nh: - It's no use / It's no good... - There's no point ( in)... 2. Verb + how/ what/ when/ where/ which/ why + to V Nhng ng t s dng cng thc ny l: ask, decide, discover, find out, forget, know, learn, remember, see, show, think, understand, want to know, wonder... Ex: - He discovered how to open the safe. - I found out where to buy fruit cheaply. - She couldn't think what to say. - I showed her which button to press. 1. Verb + to V Nhng ng t sau c theo sau trc tip bi to-infinitive: agree, appear, arrange, attempt, ask, decide, determine, fail, endeavour, happen, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, promise, prove, refuse, seem, tend, threaten, try, volunteer, expect, want,... Ex: - She agreed to pay $50. - Two men failed to return from the expedition. - The remnants refused to leave. - She volunteered to help the disabled. - He learnt to look after himself. TO-INFINITIVE Cch dng To-infinitive:

- It's ( not) worth ... - Have difficult ( in) ... - It's a waste of time/ money ... - Spend/ waste time/money ... - Be/ get used to ... - Be/ get accustomed to ... - Do/ Would you mind ... ? - be busy doing something - What about ... ? How about ...? - Go + V-ing ( go shopping, go swimming... )

3. Verb + Object + to V Nhng ng t theo cng thc ny l: advise, allow, enable, encourage, forbid, force, hear, instruct, invite, order, permit, persuade, request, remind, train, urge, want, tempt... Ex: - These glasses will enable you to see in the dark. - She encouraged me to try again. - They forbade her to leave the house. - They persuaded us to go with them.

* Note: Mt s ng t c th i cng vi c ng t nguyn th v V-ing, hy so snh s khc nhau v ngha gia chng. Stop V-ing: dng lm g (dng hn) Stop to V: dng li lm vic g Ex: - Stop smoking: dng ht thuc. - Stop to smoke: dng li ht thuc Remember/forget/regret to V: nh/qun/tic s phi lm g ( hin ti tng lai) Remember/forget/regret V-ing: nh/qun/tic lm g ( qu kh) Ex: - Remember to send this letter (hy nh gi bc th ny) - Dont forget to buy flowers (ng qun mua hoa nh) - I regret to inform you that the train was cancelled (ti rt tic phi bo tin cho anh rng chuyn tu b hy) - I paid her $2. I still remember that. I still remember paying her $2. (ti nh tr c y 2 la ri) - She will never forget meeting the Queen. (c y khng bao gi qun ln gp n hong) - He regrets leaving school early. It is the biggest mistake in his life. (Anh y hi tic v b hc qu sm) Try to V: c gng lm g Try V-ing: th lm g

Ex: - I try to pass the exam. (ti c gng vt qua k thi) - You should try unlocking the door with this key. (bn nn th m ca vi chic kha ny) Like V-ing: Thch lm g v n th v, hay, cun ht, lm thng thc. Like to do: lm vic v n l tt v cn thit Ex: - I like watching TV. - I want to have this job. I like to learn English. Prefer V-ing to V-ing Prefer + to V + rather than (V) Ex: - I prefer driving to traveling by train. - I prefer to drive rather than travel by train. Mean to V: C nh lm g. Mean V-ing: C ngha l g. Ex: - He doesnt mean to prevent you from doing that. (Anh y khng c ngn cn bn lm vic .) - This sign means not going into. (Bin bo ny c ngha l khng c i vo trong.) Need to V: cn lm g Need V-ing: cn c lm g (= need to be done) Ex: - I need to go to school today. - Your hair needs cutting. (= your hair needs to be cut) Used to V: tng/thng lm g trong qu kh (by gi khng lm na) Be/Get used to V-ing: quen vi vic g ( hin ti) Ex: - I used to get up early when I was young. (Ti thng dy sm khi cn tr) - Im used to getting up early. (Ti quen vi vic dy sm ri) Advise/allow/permit/recommend + Object + to V: khuyn/cho php/ ngh ai lm g. Advise/allow/permit/recommend + V-ing: khuyn/cho php, ngh lm g. Ex:

- He advised me to apply at once. - He advised applying at once. - They dont allow us to park here. - They dont allow parking here. See/hear/smell/feel/notice/watch + Object + V-ing: cu trc ny c s dng khi ngi ni ch chng kin 1 phn ca hnh ng. See/hear/smell/feel/notice/watch + Object + V: cu trc ny c s dng khi ngi ni chng kin ton b hnh ng. Ex: - I see him passing my house everyday. - She smelt something burning and saw smoke rising. - We saw him leave the house. - I heard him make arrangements for his journey. Bi tp He often lets other people move ahead.

Let sbd do sth : ai lm g.

Would you mind buying me lunch?

to mind doing sth : Khng phin lm g.

I prefer dring to walking.

to prefer sth to sth: Thch ci g hn ci g to prefer doing to doing: Thch lm ci g hn lm ci g.

(Lie) on this beach is very pleasant. ng t ng u cu trong cu mnh lnh. To Verb ng u cu trong cu ch mc ch ca hng ng. Ving ng u cu l ch ng. I tried to explain it to him, but he didn't understand. to try to do : c gng lm ci g. to try doing sth : th lm ci g. After hearing the conditions Ieft. Sau gii t ng t lun dng Ving. I suggested not going out in the rain. Sau suggest ng t lun dng Ving. I decided to enter for the competition. Sau decide ng t dng to V. Some people seem to be very kind.

Sau seen l to V. It is usually easier to learn English in English-speaking countries. Theo sau tnh t thng l ng t dng to V. Cu trc it is + adj( for sth) to do sth : nh th no lm g. It is not worth worrying about. It is worth doing sth hoc it is not worth doing sth: ng hay khng ng lm g. Did you remember to give him the key? to remember to do sth : nh lm g. to remember doing sth : nh lm g. I didn't dare to leave my mother because she felt very sick. to dare to do sth : dm lm ci g. I know my hair needs washing. S(ch ngi) + need + to V + O. S(ch vt) + need + Ving + O. He keeps asking me such stupid questions. keep + Ving.