A Selection of Activities for use in teaching Leaving Certificate Biology

A BSS TEACHER DESIGN TEAM RESOURCE IN ASSOCIATION WITH CORK EDUCATION SUPPORT CENTRE

Teacher Design Team Members: Richard Bolster, Bandon Grammar, Bandon, Co. Cork Nora Brownlow, Ursuline Secondary School, Blackrock, Cork City Ann Healy, Associate to the Biology Support Service Ruth McNamara, North Monastery Secondary School, Cork City. Finbarr O Leary, Coachford Community College. Eileen Riordan, North Presentation Secondary School, Cork City

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Introduction:
This booklet has been produced by the Biology Support Service Cork Teacher Design Team in association with the Cork Education Support Centre. The booklet is aimed at Leaving Certificate Biology students. It contains a selection of activities for use in the teaching of the Leaving Certificate Biology Syllabus. Biology Support Service Cork Teacher Design Team members: Ann Healy (Associate to the Biology Support Service) Richard Bolster, Bandon Grammar, Bandon, Co. Cork. Nora Brownlow, Ursuline Secondary School, Blackrock, Cork. Ruth McNamara, North Monastery Secondary School. Cork City. Finbarr O'Leary, Coachford Community College, Coachford, Co. Cork. Eileen Riordan, North Presentation Secondary School, Cork City.

CONTENTS 1. Ecology crossword 2. Cell structure 3. Movement through cell membranes 4. Enzymes 5. Plant tissue, transport crossword 6. Genetics crossword 7. Kingdoms 8. Bacteria 9. Bacteria and disease 10. Fungi 11. Blood cards 12. Blood and circulatory system 13. Circulation of the heart cards 14. Digestion 15. Breathing system cards 16. Breathing system hidden message 17. Brain worksheet 18. Central nervous system crossword 19. Synapse overhead 20. Synapse worksheet 21. Skeleton 22. Vegetative reproduction

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Ecology
Crossword
1 3 4 2 5

10

11

12

13 14 15

16

17

Across: 1 3 6 7 8 11 12 14 15 16 17
The position occupied by an organism in its habitat Shows the feeding relationships between organisms Eats plant material Non-living factors in a habitat To do with the soil Damage to the habitat caused by humans The wise management of the environment A group of organisms of one species Used to collect small animals Catches, kills and eats its food Makes its own food

Down: Home to a living thing 2 A fox is one, for example 4 Feeding level 5 8 9 10 13
The study of the environment Eats other organisms Breaks down dead matter Inter-related food chains

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Cell Structure In the second column, match the correct phrase from the third column with the word in the first column.
Nucleus

Genetic material

Cell membrane

Energy is released here from food There are 46 of these in human cells Protein is made here The liquid part of the cell Selectively permeable These code for one protein Control centre of the cell

Mitochondria

Chromosomes

Ribosomes

Cytoplasm

DNA

Genes

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Movement through cell membrenes

Crossword

4 6

Across:

Down:

1 6

It is the control of water and salt balance in an organism The movement of molecules from areas of high to low concentration

2 3 4 5

This is another term used to describe a selectively permeable membrane The term used to describe plant cells full of water The movement of water through a semipermeable membrane Amoeba use this for osmoregulation

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Enzymes
Crossword
1 2

6 7 8 9

10

11

Across: 2 What chemical is added to immobilised

enzymes to produce beads

Down: 1 What is the term used to describe using enzymes

to produce a product

3 4 5 7 9 10 11

This is a factor that effects the rate of enzyme activity What happens when enzymes are put into a gel of sodium alginate In industrial processing what are the big tanks called Name the position on an enzyme where the substrate joins What type of bonds are an important factor in the shape of an enzyme Name the chemical that an enzyme reacts with This is the pH at which an enzyme works best

6 7 8

What is the term used to describe an enzyme when its shape has been changed Name the energy that enzymes lower To what group of chemicals do enzymes belong

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Transport in plants and plant tissues

Crossword

4 5 6 7

8 11

10

12 13

14

15

16

Across: 1 3 5 11 12 13 14 15 16
Control opening and closing of stomata (5,5) The tendency of water to move through narrow tubes (11) Pressure under which water passes into the xylem from root cells (4, 8) Results from the attraction of water molecules for each other (8) Increase the surface area of the root for absorbtion (4, 5) These are absorbed by roots from the soil (8) Movement of the particles of a fluid, does not need energy (9) Tissue which transports water (5) Semi-permeable tubing (7, 6)

Down: 2 4 6 7 8 9 10
Made of phospho-lipid and protein (4, 8) Allows some materials to pass through it, and not others (13) Loss of water from the plant (13) The pores on the under-side of the leaf (7) Most plants get water and minerals from this (4) Xylem is this kind of tissue (4) Diffusion of water through a semi-permeable membrane (7)

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Genetics
Crossword
1 4 2 3

5 6 8 10 9 7

11

12

13

14

15 16

17

18

Across: Genes in a pair have different forms 4 The genetic constitution of an individual 5 Possessing a single set of chromosomes 9 10 A sex cell 11 Boys are this 12 Reduction division 14 15 16 17 18
A cross showing the inheritance of two characteristics at a time Not boys Having two sets of chromosomes Alternative forms of a gene The type of cell division by which an organism grows

Down: Made of DNA and protein 1 2 3 6 7 8 13 14

Will only be expressed when it is the only type present Both genes the same Physical expression of a genotype The profession of 13 down A piece of DNA coding for a protein The father of genetics This is always expressed

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Kingdoms.
Crossword

3 4 5 6

7 8

Across: 1 No membrane bound organelles. 3 Embryo plant has two leaves.

Down: 1 A kingdom including algae that are unicellular.

5 8 9

A kingdom of eukaryotes with cellulose cell walls. These cells have a membrane around their DNA. The body is called a mycelium.

2 4 6 7

A family with no cell walls - organelles have membranes. A group of organisms that can interbreed. Embryo plant has one leaf. A group of genera.

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Bacteria
Crossword

1 3 4

10

11

12

Across: This is their kingdom 1 These are disease causing bacteria 4 This is formed in unfavourable conditions 5

Down:

2 3 9

Technique used to exclude micro-organisms from an area These bacteria produce antibiotics Flow method of food production where bacteria are maintained in a particular growth phase

6 7 8 10 11 12

These bacteria use the energy released by chemical reactions Cells that do not contain a nucleus This is one of fheir shapes This is the growth phase where bacteria double their numbers with every division These anaerobes cannot survive in the presence of oxygen These are small pieces of DNA in their cells

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Bacteria & Disease.

Crossword
1 2 3

9 10

11

12

13

14

Across:

Down:

2 4 5 6 7 10 11 12 13 14

A relationship where a parasite benefits but harms it's host. Parasites that cause disease. Substance treated to kill all microorganisms A method of asexual reproduction in yeast. The stage of rapid growth in micro-organisms Anaerobic respiration in micro-organisms Organisms that live on dead organisms. A fungus of economic importance. Settling-in stage for micro-organisms The exclusion of micro-organisms from an environment.

1 3 6 8 9

A gene conferring antibiotic resistance is carried on the ............ Bacteria that make their own food. Process of reproduction in bacteria. Chemicals produced by micro-organisms are toxic to bacteria & fungi. Organisms that cannot make their own food.

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Fungi
Crossword

10

11

Across: This is the colour of leaf yeast colonies 3 Hyphae that anchor Rhizopus 4 A group of hyphae forming a single fungus 5 This is the only method of reproduction in Saccharomyces 6 This is produced when two gametes fuse together 7 Aerial hypha that produce spores 8

Down:

1 2 5

This is how the zygospore germinates This is how Saccharomyces reproduce Most fungi have this structure

9 10 11

This is the type of nutrition of Rhizopus Sexual reproduction in rhizopus occurs between two strains that have this difference Another name for yeast

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Blood and Circulatory System Card Game: Matching pairs Photocopy a set of cards per 3 / 4 students, each set on different coloured card. Cut out the cards and place each set in an envelope. Remove one card from each set. Give out the sets. Get the students to shuffle the cards. The cards should be placed face down on the desk. Each student takes a turn to turn over a pair of cards, to see if they make a match. The matches should be grammatically correct. A student who successfully makes a pair gets another turn. The teacher should check that the pairs are correct as the game proceeds.

The winner is the student with the most pairs at the end of the game, the loser is the student left with the unpaired card.

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Blood

Fluid tissue

Red blood cells

Carry oxygen

White blood cells

Surround and kill bacteria

Platelets

Help the blood to clot

Plasma

Is a straw coloured liquid

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Haemoglobin

Is present in red blood cells

Oxygenated blood

Is rich in oxygen

Deoxygenated blood

Is poor in oxygen

Carry blood away from Arteries the heart

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Veins

Carry blood to the heart

Connect the arteries and Capillaries veins

Pumps blood around the The heart body

Carries deoxygenated The pulmonary artery blood

The pulmonary vein

Carries oxygenated blood

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Oxygenated blood is carried by Arteries

Deoxygenated blood is carried by Veins

The right ventricle sends blood to The lungs

Blood comes into the left atrium through The Pulmonary Veins

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Sends blood around the The left ventricle body

Valves

Prevent the backflow of blood

The aorta

Is the biggest artery in the body

Brings blood back to the The Vena Cava right atrium

Smoking causes

Heart disease

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Blood and The Circulatory System

F S E E E I M S R E D L D Y T X L M T P Q L E B Q U O R H R S L G W I P Q I Y P O A E A A O E K Z L H V R L L N Y K O N A C I A Y E W A B O R O A R S L V S R I N T L M J H U M T P X M A N E E O L C L E T E A O A W S L L T U I Z P S D C G R O Z D E V P R P T O U W A X T D P T B B E C A B C S L P D J T S B P T R S C X N E X S X T Y N O I T A L U G E R T Z E I V E N T R I C L E J Y G O Q O P U O R G A H E R U S S E R P T F A A T R I U M P D F P V P

AORTA BLOOD GROUP PLATELETS PULMONARY REGULATION VALVES WHITE

ARTERIES CAPILLARIES PACEMAKER PRESSURE PULSE RHESUS VEINS

ATRIUM CELLS PLASMA PROTECTION RED TRANSPORT VENTRICLE

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Circulation of the Heart

Photocopy a set of cards on different coloured paper for each group, and keep each set in an envelope. The students should arrange the cards in the correct order.

Aorta

Arteries

Capillaries

Veins

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Vena Cava

Right Atrium

Right Ventricle

Pulmonary Artery

Lungs

Pulmonary Vein

Left Atrium

Left Ventricle

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Digestive System
Crossword
1 2

3 5 6

7 9 11

8 10

12

13 14

15 16 17

18

19

Across:

Down:

1 3 5 6 7 10 11 12 13 15 16 17 18 19

These are used for cutting and biting Glucose stored in the liver Lymph vessel Removal of undigested material from the body Bile salts produced here It breaks down food chemically Process in which urea is formed Greenish yellow fluid produced in the liver Name of molecule absorbed into blood from small intestine Organisms which take in food A creamy liquid produced in the stomach Name of tiny finger like projections Tube from mouth to stomach Name of special ring of muscle

2 4 8 9 13 14

Taking food into body An organ that produces lipase Name of a protease enzyme Muscular movement of gut wall Organisms that make their own food Biomolecule which digests starch

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Breathing System
Card Game:

Matching pairs

Photocopy a set of cards per 3 / 4 students , each set on different coloured card. Cut out the cards and place each set in an envelope. Remove one card from each set. Give out the sets. Get the students to shuffle the cards. The cards should be placed face down on the desk. Each student takes a turn to turn over a pair of cards, to see if they make a match. The matches should be grammatically correct. A student who successfully makes a pair gets another turn. The teacher should check that the pairs are correct as the game proceeds.

The winner is the student with the most pairs at the end of the game, the loser is the student left with the unpaired card.

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Trachea

Windpipe

Lungs

The organs where gas

exchange takes place

Oxygen

The gas the body takes in

from the air

Carbon dioxide

The gas the body gives out

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Nose

Air is warmed and cleaned

here

Stops food and drink going Epiglottis down the wrong way

Larynx

Voice box

Intercostal muscles

Muscles between the ribs

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Diaphragm

When this contracts you

breathe in

Alveolus

Air sack

Inhalation

Breathing in

Exhalation

Breathing out

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Haemoglobin

Oxygen goes into this

molecule

Oxygenated

Blood rich in oxygen

Deoxygenated

Blood poor in oxygen

Pulmonary artery

Brings blood from the heart

to the lungs

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Pulmonary vein

Brings blood from the lungs

to the heart

Rib cage

This rises when you breathe

in

Rings of cartilage

Supports the trachea and

bronchioli

Bronchioli

Branches of bronchi

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The Breathing System

N E D I X O I D Y E L W I J N S I A B C F I K L N O P N J J M A B Y R L B O P V B T H X X O U N O O O I Q G C L R A I F N S C E L H N N Z Q O A L W S K E V N C G I C D V N C E B G E L G N O H O I H A G H V I B A L O Y T B A M L I A E S R M I R A A X P R L E T T A U I Z B E E H H O U A J A A I K P O N R E R X D K F C X H Z S N C B S A D E E Y E B N U Y O F J G G R M A S T H M A G B X N E M S U H C N O R B Q I L S O M C C K A G E G A L I T R A C F

ALVEOLI BRONCHIOLE CARBON DIOXIDE MEDULLA OXYHAEMOGLOBIN

ASTHMA BRONCHITIS CARTILAGE EXHALE OBLONGATA TRACHEA

BREATHING BRONCHUS DIAPHRAGM INHALE OXYGEN

__ __ __ __ __ __ __

__ __ __ __ __ __

__ __ __ __ __ __

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Solution : The Breathing System Solution

NSMONKEAIBNBGMC EIAUSELLRERSGSC DABNCVGOAEEARU+ I B + O E N N YAH R + M H + X+ROLCOTXHXEAC+ O+LOHGHBPODESNE II+INIOARU++TOG D + O + N C I M LA+ + H RA +L+G+DHLE+C+MBL E+++++AI+A++A+I + O B LO N GATAH + + + T ++TRACHEAI+Y++R INHALE++++S+X+A +++++++++++++OC +++++++++++++++ (Over,Down,Direction) ALVEOLI(8,1,SW) ASTHMA(13,5,S) BREATHING(12,1,SW) BRONCHIOLE(10,1,SW) BRONCHITIS(2,4,SE) BRONCHUS(14,9,N) CARBON(11,9,NW) CARTILAGE(15,14,N) DIAPHRAGM(6,9,NE) DIOXIDE(1,8,N) EXHALE(12,6,NW) INHALE(1,13,E) MEDULLA(13,4,SW) OBLONGATA(2,11,E) OXYGEN(10,6,NW) OXYHAEMOGLOBIN(14,14,NW) TRACHEA(3,12,E) Smoking causes cancer

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The Brain

Match up the words in Column A with Column B;

Column A
Cerebrum Thalamus Hypothalamus Pituitary Gland Cerebellum Medulla Oblongata

Column B
Controls co-ordination of voluntary muscles and balance Controls involuntary muscles, e.g. the diaphragm and muscles in the gut wall Secretes hormones. Relays messages to the cerebrum Homeostasis Controls sight, hearing, intelligence, memory

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The Central Nervous System

Across

1. What is surrounded by three meninges?

3. It relays messages to the cerebrum.

9. Which part of the brain secretes hormones?

10. It controls co-ordinaton of voluntary muscles and balance.

11. It controls sight, hearing, intelligence and memory.

12. This connects the two halves of the cerebrum

Down

2. It is the liquid in the middle layer of the meninges.

4. What do you call the two halves of the cerebrum?

5. What controls involuntary muscles?

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6. An enlargement at the top of the spinal cord where most

decisions of the nervous system are taken, and where information

from the senses is interpreted.

7. What contains the cell bodies?

8. Homeostasis is controlled by which part of the brain?

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The Transfer Of A Message At A Synapse.

Axon

Nerve Impulse

Neurotransmitter released into synapse

Enzyme destroys neurotrans - mitter

Receptor Neurotransmitter will attach here.

Dendrite

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The Transfer Of A Message At A

Synapse.

Mark in the following words Axon Dendrite Impulse direction Neurotransmitter Neurotransmitter Receptor Enzyme

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Skeleton
Crossword
1

2 3 5 6 4

8 9

10 12

11

13

14

15

Across: One of the functions of the skeleton 1 Type of joint 2 Protects the brain 5 Blood cells are made here 6 Clavicle 7 11 The fluid in the joints 12 Shin bone 13 Connects the muscles to the bone 14 Hinge joint in the leg 15 Disease of the joints

Down: Hip bone 1 Funny bone in upper arm 2 Hinge joint in arm 3 Gristle found at ends of bones 4 Connects bone to bone 8 Ball and socket joint 9 10 Protects the heart and lungs

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Vegetative Propagation & Storage.

Crossword

1 3 4 5

10

11

12

13

14 15

Across: Plant part with roots in grafting. 1 Plant with root-tubers. 4 Grafted onto rootstock. 5 Lateral buds in potatoes. 6 Overground stem in strawberry plant. 7 Cells grown in tissue culture. 9 11 A method of artificial vegetative reproduction 12 Stores food in gladioli plants. 13 An underground stem in potatoes. 15 Easy way to propagate geraniums.

Down: A genetically identical offspring. 2 Briars can be propagated by ..... 3 Underground stem in scutchgrass. 8 10 Modified leaves for vegetative reproduction 14 A modified bud.