Plane Geometry

Area Formulas: Triangle: A = bh = ab sin C 2 Equilateral Triangle: A = s 3 4 Parallelogram: A = bh = ab sin C Rectangle: A = bh 2 2 Square: A = s = d (d = diagonal of square) 2 Trapezoid: A = h (b1 + b2) Circle (whole): A = r 2 Circle (sector): A = rs = r 2

Other Useful Facts: Pythagorean Theorem: a2 + b2 = c2 Circumference of a Circle: C = d = 2r The ratio of the sides of a 454590 triangle will always be a : a : a2 The ratio of the sides of a 306090 triangle will always be a : a3 : 2a Sum of the Angles of an n-sided Polygon: Sum of Angles = (n2) 180 The length of any side of a triangle must be between the sum and the difference of the lengths of the other two sides

Solid Geometry
Formulas for Solids
1. Rectangular Solid a. Volume: V = lwh b. Surface Area: SA = 2lw + 2wh + 2lh c. Long Diagonal: a2 + b2 + c2 = d 2 i. The long diagonal is the longest straight line that can be drawn inside any rectangular solid

2. Cube a. b. c. d.

Volume: V = s3 Surface Area: SA = 6s2 Face Diagonal: f = s2 Long Diagonal: d = s3

3. Cylinder a. Volume: V = r 2 h b. Surface Area: SA = 2r 2 + 2rh c. Long Diagonal: d 2 = (2r ) 2 + h2

4. Cone a. Volume: V = r 2 h b. Surface Area: SA = rl + r 2

5. Sphere a. Volume: V = 4r 3 3 b. Surface Area: SA = 4r 2

6. Pyramid a. Volume: V = Bh

When the lengths of a solid (in particular, a cube or a sphere) are increased by a certain factor, the surface area of the solid increases by the square of that factor, and the volume increases by the cube of that factor __________________________ Distance in a Three-Dimensional Space: d = (x2 x1)2 + (y2 y1)2 + (z2 z1)2