OT Process Evaluation problem/goal plan implementation not meet goal revise

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Meet goal 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Generic Dynamic Cyclical Collaborative Problem focused Solution focused

Function Skill development Surplus energy work off Recreation Relaxation Meaning Dimensions: Physical, cognitive and social spontaneity Joy manifestation Sense of humor Elements: Motivation (intrinsic and extrinsic) Perception of control Reality suspension Context -

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Evaluation of Play Play Any spontaneous or organized activity that provide enjoyment, entertainment, amusement or diversion An attitude or mode of experience that involves intrinsic motivation, emphasis on the process rather than the end product, and internal rather than external control An as if or pretend element I. Components 1. Exploration Identify appropriate play, which can include exploration play, practice play, etc 2. Participation Participate in playing Maintain play with other areas of occupation Forms 1. Sensorimotor stage/practice play (birth 2 years) 2. Symbolic/representational play (2-4 y.o.) 3. Creative play (4-7 y.o.) 4. Games with rules (school years) Sensorimotor stage Reflexive (birth 1 month) Primary circular reaction (1-4 mos) Secondary circular reaction (4-8 mos) Coordination of secondary schemes (8-12 mos) Tertiary circular response/experimentation (12-18 mos) Beginning of thought (18-24 mos)

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Physical environment, demands and resources Social environment Cultural and spiritual demands Ecologic factors Quality of life Level of interaction between the child and caregiver

Knox and Michelam I. Promote play Object and person availability Freedom from stress Novelty provision Opportunities to make choices Inhibit play External constraint Self-consciousness Too much novelty/challenge Over competition Contextual factors that promote play Familiar peers, toys and materials Freedom of choice Adults who are non-intrusive and directive Safe and comfortable environment Scheduling that avoids time of fatigue

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Play in OT I. Occupational Behavior By Mary Reilly continuum skills are learned, interests are developed - Arena for the development of abilities - role practice 3 hierarchical stages: 1. Exploration 2. Competency 3. Achievement Primeau 2 types of play strategy 1. Segregation plays alone 2. Inclusion include play in childs daily routine Knox 4 dimensions of play styles: 1. Preference 2. Attitude 3. Approach 4. Social reciprocity Play Assessment Skills, developmental competence, playfulness and play style narrative Narrative reasoning: childs story I. Skills

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Development Play history: Structured interview Play observation Form Content Knox preschool play scale Space management Material management Imitation Participation Play styles TOP TOES: test of environmental supportiveness Pediatric interest profile: conduct play interview, screening, goal setting Steps 1. Occupational profile 2. Analysis of OP Context Type of play/ax Occupational profile Play participation Nature, quality, frequency Quality and nature Childs play participation Contextual factors Skills: a. motor b. posture c. communication/interaction Client factors: body function and structure

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Piageis strategies of cognitive development Sensorimotor Pre-operational Concrete operations Formal operations Partens degree of participation and leadership Unoccupied play behavior just looks at surroundings Onlooker play Salary independent play Parallel play Associative play Cooperative/organized supplementary play

Evaluation of Leisure Leisure -

Empirico inductive; child able to solve problems with obvious answers Hypothetico deductive; child thinks before acting; child able to anticipate problem

Relaxation Stress free Freedom from necessaries Guilt free Freedom from obligation

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Stages Participation Satisfaction Quality of life How it impacts development Skill acquisition Social competency Self-awareness Self-control Benefits Creativity Healing Increased motivation Enhance affect Enhance morale Components (Guitard et al) Creativity Curiosity Sense of humor Pleasure Spontaneity Age and Leisure Young adulthood (20-40) Social and family group activities, sports, exercise, travel, computer games, surfing and social networking, hobbies and crafts, outdoor activities, dating, sexual activities Middle adulthood (40-65) Friend and family activities, golf bowl, coaching, card games, internet surf, socializing, shop, travel, pet care, gardening, movies, attending plays and concerts, sexual activities Late adulthood Dining, cooking for friends and family, social activities, cards, bingo, travel, sports, walking, exercise Assessment tools COPM Role checklist Activity card sort Modified interest checklist Leisure attitude measurement scale

QOL scale Play and laughter assessment Ohio functional assessment battery: standardized test for leisure and living skills

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Sleep and Rest Evaluation (some are in the other paper) I. Definition Natural, periodic state of rest for the mind and body, in which the eyes usually close and consciousness is partially or lost Age and Sleep Adolescence 9-9.25 hours of sleep a night A phase delay in circadian timing system Adulthood Decrease sleep efficiency Decrease time in the restorative sleep Easier arousal during the deep sleep phase Late adulthood Increase time spent in stage 1 of NREM sleep Decrease percentage of time in stages 3&4, particularly in men SE: 86% at age 45 Consequences of poor sleep Sleepiness Drowsy driving Shift work Other consequences Hypertension Falls Decrease postural control Obesity and diabetes Tools -

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Epworth sleepiness scale Multiple sleep latency test

Social Participation Evaluation Verbal and interpersonal activities interactions among people Activities associated with organized patterns of behavior that are characteristic and expected of an individual or an involved interaction Includes community, family and friends

Partons 1. Concept of participation Parallel participation Associative participation ('simon says) Basic cooperative participation (charades, dressing up Upper developmental concept 1. Supportive cooperative participation Enjoys homogenous membership and fulfills emotional needs 2. Mature participation Mutual leadership balances goals and emotional needs Tools 1. BaFPE 2. ACIS 3. RAPS 4. MOHOST 5. OPHI