PRACTICAL WORK BOOK ON VACUUM TECHNIQUES Name:. Matric No: PRACTICAL Work One Date: .

PROCEDURES: VISIT A VULCANIZER, STUDY THE WORK HE IS DOING QUESTIONS: 1. 2. How does he detect leak? Explain the various step In a tabular form, compare the valcanizers method of leak detection to leak detection by high frequency tester. 3. 4. Explain. Explain the various steps in detail. As he pumps the tube, explain what happens to size of the tube. What do you think will happen to the air (gas) molecules and the internal surface of the tube?

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In your own metal view, alpha picture how you think the gas or air molecules would appear if they are exhibiting gas to gas collision. wall/gas collision. Explain the structure in your diagram. What do you think would happen if the host used in pumping the tube was leaking while the pumping is on? Draw the diagram and explain them.

5b. In your own thinking try to create a picture showing

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Consider the case where the host is not leaking. Explain what happen inside the tube as the pumping continues. In any case invoke the Boyles law. As scientist, give you professional advice on how to maintain a Rotary or diffusion pump. PRACTICAL WORK TWO Date:.

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1. Make a Label diagram of a common gauge 2. If a gauge falls heavily on a solid surface, what do you think will happen to . (a) (b) (c) The transparent glass on it. If a plastic transparent material is made of it. The air spring.

3. Suppose a metallic casing is made of s particular common gauge and it is to be burial alongside with a plastic cased and a stainless cased gauge. Explain what happen to the casings of the three difference gauge if hey were to be burial for a period of six months before digging them out. 4. Will the gauge work effectively, why? Explain. 5. 6. From your study care and handling of common gauges what will happen to the pointer? What do you think will b found on the graduated scale of the gauge? PRACTICAL WORK THREE Date 1. 2a. Make a label diagram of an oil- sealed rotary pump. Suppose you were to pump the following a) b) c) d) clean water kerosene petrol muddy water with sand particles

Which of the above would be easily pumped and why? Explain in details. 2b. Which of them would leak faster and why? Explain. 2c. Which of them would diffuse faster and why Explain. 2d. Which of them cause impedance, why do you think so?

 Explain in details. PRACTICAL WORK FOUR Date: 1. 2. Make a label diagram U-tube manometers (open and closed). Water or steam pressures in boilers are extremely high, can hey be measure by open or closed- tube manometer, why? Explain. 3. If palm oil is used in the open-tube manometer and connected to a boiler to measure its pressure, what do you think will happen? Explain.