The 1992 guidelines supersede the paper tItled Communication Disorders and Variations, Asha, November 1982, pages

94995O. American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. (1993). Definitions of communication disorders and variations [Relevant Paper]. Available from www.asha.org/policy.

Greenspan, S. I., DeGangi, G., &Wieder, S. (2001). !e Functional Emotional Assessment Scale for Infancy and Childhood, FEAS. Bethesda, MD: Interdisciplinary Council on Developmental and Learning Disorders

Domingue, B., Cultler, B., & McTarnaghan, J. (2001). !e experience of autism in the lives of families. In A. M. Wetherby & B. M. Prizant (Eds.), Autism spectrum disorders: A transactional developmental perspective (pp. 369-393). Baltimore, MD: Paul. H. Brookes. Kagan, H., & Cohen, J. (1990). Cultural adjustment of international students. Psychological Science, 1, 134-137. Barratt, M. F., & Huba, M. E. (1994). Factors related to international undergraduate student adjustment in an American community. College Student Journal, 28, 422-436. Chen, G.-M. (1992). Communication adaptability and interaction involvement as predictors of cross-cultural adjustment. Communication Research Reports, 9, 33-41. Zimmerman, S. (1995). Perceptions of intercultural communication competence and international student adaptation to an American campus. Communication Education, 44, 321-335

Greenberg, M.T., Speltz., M.L., & DeKlyen, M. (1993). The role of attachment in the early development of disruptive behavior problems. Development and Psychopathology, 5, 191-213 Sulaiman Masri (l997) pula merumuskan bahawa , komunikasi bermula apabila satu mesej (maklumat) daripada pengirim (penutur, penulis) dipindahkan menerusi alat atau saluran tertentu kepada penerima (pembaca, pendengar) yang kemudiannya memberikan maklum balas (mengekod dan mentafsir) mesej tersebut.

Komunikasi berkesan : penulisan berita, rencana, ulasan / Sulaiman Masri Sulaiman Masri : Shah Alam : Fajar Bakti, 1997. 2. Tatabahasa Melayu / Sulaiman Masri. Sulaiman Masri, 1949- : Shah Alam : Fajar Bakti, 1997.

3.

Penggunaan bahasa Melayu Sulaiman Masri Sulaiman Masri : Shah Alam : Fajar Bakti, 1997. Komunikasi berkesan jilid 2 : penulisan memo, surat, iklan, laporan (minit mesyuarat) / Sulaiman Masri Sulaiman Masri : Shah Alam : Fajar Bakti, 1997.

4.

Copyright 1998 Conflict Research Consortium -- Contact: crc@colorado.edu. Conflict Research Consortium, University of Colorado, USA ote: The basis of the text for the exceptionalities section is taken from Integrating Technology for Meaningful Learning, published by Houghton Mifflin in 2003. I am the author of that book and claim the intellectual content of the book in this wikicourse for instructional purposes. Plagiarism will not be tolerated in this course. The Special Ed Wiki sarah irvine belson (sarah@american.edu) Ripley, K., Barrett, J., Fleming, P. 2001 Inclusion for Children with Speech and Language Impairments David Fulton Keperluan utama bagi kanak-kanak ialah kemahiran komunikasi, bahasa dan pertuturan (DfES, 2006). DfES (2006) National Statistics First Release Special Educational Needs In England The Foundation for People with Learning Disabilities (2000). Learning Disabilities.The Fundamental Facts London: The Mental Health Foundation

Law, J., Boyle, J., Harris, F., Harkness, A. and Nye, C. (2000) Prevalence and Natural History of Primary Speech and Language Delay: findings from a systematic review of the literature IJLCD Vol 36

Snowling, M.J., Adams, J.W., Bishop, D.V.M., and Stothard, S.E. (2001) Educational Attainments of School Leavers with a Pre-School History of Speech-Language

Impairments IJLCD 36

6 Cross, M. (2004) Children with Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties and Problems: there is always a reason Jessica Kingsley Press

Dockrell, J., Lindsay, G., Palikara, O. and Cullen, M.A. (2007) Raising the Achievements of Children and Young People with Specific Language and Communication Needs and Other Special Educational Needs through School, to Work and College Nottingham: DfES 181 Dockrell, J., Lindsay, G., Mackie, C. and Connolly, V. (2007) Constraints in the Production of Written Text in Children with Specific Language Impairments Exceptional Children 73, 147-164.

Written and compiled by Kyla Boyse, R.N. Reviewed by John OBrien, M.D. Updated July 2009 U-M Health System Related Sites: Department of Psychiatry U-M Pediatrics Family Medicine Back to top