Random Quotations

1977-78

It is oending against the Laws of Justice and Charity and even Decency and Common Civility to be pleased with the discovery of mistakes of Authors when committed through inadvertency and multiplicity of concerns. 1. Luckombe, The History and Art of Printing, London: 1771. There didst then vanquish shame and tedious age Thy rising day saw never woeful night But passed with praise from oft this wordly stage. Walter Raleigh on Sir Philip Sidney You may roughly divide the nations of all the world as the living and the dying . . . the weak states are becoming weaker and the strong states are becoming stronger. Lord Salisbury 4.5.1898 There is something transcendently disgusting in an Income Tax, which not only takes a substantial sum immediately out of a mans pocket but compels him to expose his aairs to a party [the Tax Collector] that he would by no means choose for a condant. Harriet Martineau 1842 I lent mine ear and heard them sing A simphonia to the King And every sh from shrimp to whales Danced jigs and played them with their tails. Poem in Honour of James IIs Coronation 1685 1

I have never felt that the contemplation of the past with the knowledge that it cannot come again need be a source of sorrow. The emotion is like that aroused by looking through an album of old photographs which recall happy days and if we nd among them the faces of friends who are no more we are glad to be reminded of the aection we felt for them. . . .. Life has been good to me and I am grateful. My delight in it is as keen as ever and I will thankfully accept asmany more years as may be granted. But I am fond of change and have welcomed it even when uncertain whether it would be for the better; so, although I am very glad to be where I am, I shall not be too distressed when the summons comes to go away. Autumn has always been my favourite season, and evening has been for me the pleasantest time of day. I love the sunlight but I cannot fear the coming of the dark. Du Cooper: Old Men Forget, London: Rupert HartDavis 1953 Dr Barrow, that excellent, pious and most learned man, divine, mathema- tician, poet, traveller and most humble person preached at Whitehall to the household, on Luke XX 27, of love and charity to our neighbours. John Evelyn, Diary 25 Apr. 1675 Both sides condently appealed to Jehovah; and the Most High, nding so little to choose between them in faith and zeal, must have allowed purely military factors to prevail. Winston Churchill, on the battle of Dunbar (1650) .. there is no country where statesmen have been so much under the inuence of the past. . . .. Our laws and customs have never been lost in general and irreparable ruin. 1. Macaulay, History of England . . . John Le Carr; the man who has done more for moles in literature than any since Kenneth Grahame. . . Trevor Fishlock, The Times 27.11.79

After the fashion of oppressed ses they (the Puritans) mistook their own vindictive feelings for emotions o pity. 1. Macaulay, History of England, ch.1 . . . that large part of mankind who have religion enough to make them uneasy when they do wrong and not religion enough to keep them from doing wrong. . . . 1. Macaulay ibid ch VI The response from both Nato and the EEC to the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan makes me almost despair of freedom itself. Of course, no serious observer of the international scene would expect the French to behave in any way other than the most dishonourable that the situation permits, but the speech of M Francois-Poncet, in which he argues that as America did not normally supply butter to the Soviet Union the EEC would not be undermining the American position by keeping up its own sales of surplus butter, went even further than expectation. But the rest of the EEC, with the exception of Britain, behaved little better. It is clear that the discussion was largely based on the promise that the invasion was nothing to do with Europe, and that if the United States wanted to do something about it, Europe had no higher duty than to refrain from actively hindering her eorts. Cest de son sein (the Royal Society) que sortirent de nos jours les decouvertes des toiles xes, sur la gometrie transcendante et cent autres inventions qui pouvraient a cet gard faire appeler ce sicle le Siecle des Anglais aussi bien que de Louis XIV Voltaire Siecle de Louis XIV, Vol XIV God, in his wisdom, hath been pleased to load our declining years with many suerings, with diseases, and decays of nature, with the Death of many friends, and the ingratitude of more, 3

sometimes with the loss or diminution of our fortunes, when our inrmities most need them, often with contempt from the world, and always with neglect from it, with the death our most hopeful or useful children, with a want of relish for all worldly enjoyments, with a general dislike of persons and things, and though all these are very natural eects of increasing years, yet they were intended by the author of our being to wean us gradually from our fondness of life, the nearer we approach towards the end of it. Jonathan Swift, letter to a bereaved mother. The Vicar of Bray In good King Charles golden days When loyalty no harm meant A zealous HighChurchman was I And so I got preferment To teach my ock I never missd Kings were by God appointed And lost are those that dare resist Or touch the Lords anointed And this is law I will maintain Until my dying day, Sir That whatsoever King shall reign Ill still be the Vicar of Bray, Sir When Royal James possessd the crown And Popery came in fashion The penal laws I hooted down And read the Declaration The Church of Rome I found would t Full well my constitution And I had been a Jesuit But for the Revolution And this is is law. . . When William was our King declared To ease the nations grievance With this new wind about I steerd And swore to him allegiance Old principles I did revoke Set conscience at a distance Passive obedience was a joke A jest was nonresistance And this law. . . When royal Ann became our Queen The Church of Englands glory Another face of things was seen And I became a Tory Occasional conformists base I blamed their moderation 4

And thought the Church in danger was By such prevarication And this is law. . . When George in pudding-time came oer And moderate men looked big, Sir My principles I changed once more And so became a Whig, Sir And thus preferment I procured From our new faiths defender And almost every day abjured The Pope and the Pretender And this is law. . . Th illustrious house of Hanover And Protestant succession To them I do allegiance swear While they can hold possession For in my faith and loyalty I never more will falter And George my lawful King shall be Until the times do alter And this is law. . . 18th Century Song no connection at all, but Jane Austens father was Vicar of Bray Had they [our ancestors] been absorbed or amused as we are by the inexhaus- tible trivialities of the day, had their sense been dulled by speed, sport, luxury, and money making, they could never have taken consciously the dire decisions without which England would not have been preserved. W.S. Churchill, Life of Marlborough ChII. Anthony Hamilton . . . has penned some mischievous pages from which historians diligently fail to avert their eyes. Ibid. But what a way to write history! (About Macaulay). Ibid Ch VIII The most successful statesmen are those who know how by their actions or inactions to reconcile selfinterest with correctitude (abt William of Orange) Ibid Ch CII.

Men must be taught as if you taught them not And things unknown proposed as things forgot. ?? From all I hear of Leibniz he must be very intelligent and pleasant company in consequence. It is rare to nd learned men who are clean, do not stink and have a sense of humour. Liselotte (Madame) to Sophie of Hanover, 30 July 1705. So much water, so much fruit, unrelieved by any alcohol, turned his blood gangrenous by lowering the vital spirits, and weakened his digestion by nightly sweating. St Simon abt Louis XIV. - cette passion genrale que la nation francaise a pour la gloire.. Montesquieu Lettres Persanes XCI. De tous les auteurs il ny en a point que je meprise plus que les compilateurs qui vont de tous c6ts chercher les lambeaux des ouvrages des autres, quils plaquent dans les leurs comme des pieces de gazon dans un parterre: ils ne sont point audessus de ces ouvriers dimprimerie qui rangent des caracteres, qui, combines ensemble, font un livre ou ils nont fourni que la main. Je vdhdrais quon respectat les livres originaux; et il me semble que cest une espece de profanation de tirer les pieces qui les composent du sanctuaire ou elles sont, pour les exposer a un mpris quelles ne mritent point. Ibid Lettre LXVI Ci git le corps de Mme La Comtesse Ninon de LEnclos qui mourut 5 Iage de 85 ans. Elle fut renome pour sa chastete pendant les dernieres annes de sa vie. Tombstone of Ninon de lEnclos. aber hier ist kein Kind sicher, denn die doktor hier haben der Kbnigin schon fnf in die andere welt geholfen, das lezte ist vor drei wochen gestorben, and drei von Monsieur, wie er selber sagt seind auch so fort~ schickt worden. Liselotte to Fr. v. Harling 23.11.1672. Omnibus hoe vitium est cantoribus, inter amicos Ut numquaim inducant animum cantare rogati; Iniussi nomquam desistant. Horace Satire. 6

At Christmas I no more desire a rose Than wish a snow in Mays newfangled month. Loves Labours Lost I. A truant calf calls noisily Great obstinate! Vile veal! Thus dominating nervousness Through hoarding applepeel Mid August come, -Mnenonic of initial letters of Roman Emperors:Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, Nero, Galba, Otho, Vitellius, Vespasian, Titus, Domitian, Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius, Marcus Aurelius, Comundus- goes on to 36 emperors! J.J. Norwich Norma is as seless as I am Ron Palindrome by J.A. Lindon. Sex at noon taxes. Palindrome by J.J. Norwich. These vital interests should render Great Britain the earnest and unyielding opponent of the Russian projects of annexation and aggrandise- ment Having come this far on the way to universal empire is it probable that this gigantic, swollen power will pause in its career? - It would appear that the natural frontier of Russia runs from Danzig or perhaps Stettin to Trieste. And as sure as conquest follows conquest and annexation follows annexation so surely would the conquest of Turkey by Russia be only the prelude to the annexation of Hungary, Prussia, Galicia, and the ultimate realization of the Slavonic Empire. The arrest of the Russian scheme of annexation is a matter of the highest moment. In this instance the inter- ests of democracy and of England go hand in hand. New York Tribune, 12.4.1853, by its European correspondent, Karl Marx (quoted by J.J. Norwich). Use template to prepare 3564 pattern papers exactly the same size. It is less tedious to make them in batches as you work rather than all at once. From Patchwork by Helen Faireld 1980. 7

By 1640 England produced three times as much coal as the rest of Europe put together. Christopher Hill, The C of Resolution. No accusation is more petulantly bandied about between rival races and rival generations than that of inhumanity. Each considers itself humane, because its anger is easily aroused against the cruelty of other places or times, yet the circumstances in every case must be carefully examined before this feeling of selfsatised superiority can be rightly indulged. G.M. Trevelyan: England under the Stuarts. "The rest you know" End of Alistair Cookes broadcast on Nixons resignation recorded 24 hours before Nixons decision was known (7, August 1974) It will really not much matter in a decade from now whether we plan to produce rather more of this or less of that -- the level of material welfare will soon be such that marginal changes in the allocation of re- sources will make little dierence to anyones contentment. Anthony Crosland: The Future of Socialism 1956, quoted in the Times 15.1.1981. Not for nothing has it been said of Mr (Roy) Jenkins that just before Nature made him she broke the mould. Bernard Levin, The Times 17.1.1981. A powerful sense of certainty pervades all that Macaulay wrote and there can be little doubt that this was strengthened by the absolute accu- racy of the facts which he could recollect. Rarely before had the public been regaled with such language or treated to the opinions of a scholar so absolutely condent of the morality and wisdom of his judgements. Since Macaulay wrote, the prevalent mood of European Society has been one of doubt if not despair and it is a mood that naturally enough is deeply antipathetic to Macaulays own. J.H. Plumb, Men & Places: Cresset Press 1963.

The appearance of the French people deceived, however, most English travellers, used to a more apparent prosperity and to a more evenly graded wealth. J.H. Plumb: Sir Robert Walpole (about France at the end of Louis XIV wars. Sir Herbert Buttereld was a distinguished Cambridge historian but for whose profound inuence many other Cambridge historians would have been much more intelligible. -- Edward Welbourne who preached the standards of the market town and the countryside and seems to have applied those of the village scold. 1. TrevorRoper in a review of M. Colwing: Religion & Public Doctrines in Modern England. The Listener 5.2.81. I take the view, and always have done, that if you cannot say what you have to say in 20 minutes, you should go away and write a book about it. Lord Brabazon, speech in the House of Lords, quoted in a letter in the Listener, 12.2.81. While men are gazing up to heaven, imagining after a happiness or fearing a hell after they are dead their eyes are put out, that they see not what is their birth rights, and what is to be done by them here on earth while they are living. Gerrard Kinstanleys Denunciation of Priests 1652. I think it were very convenient that all such as intend to marrye should live together in the same house some years of probation and if in all that time they never disagreed they should then be permitted to marry if they pleasd. But how few would doe it then! I doe not remember that I ever saw or heard of any couple that were bred up soe together, (as many you know are, that are designd for one another from Children) but they always disliked one another Extreamly and parted if it were left in theire Choise. Dorothy Osborne to Sir Wm Temple, Oct. 1653. 9

He could hit any nail on the head, though which particular nail never seemed important to him. W.S. Churchill abt Bolingbroke, History of the English Speaking Peoples Bk VIII ch 1. With respect to the argument of State necessity, or a distinction which has been aimed at between State oences and others, the Common Law does not understand that kind of reasoning, nor do our books take notice of any such distinction. Lord Camden 1770: John Wilkes suit for damages against the Secre- tary of State. Gaul consists of three distinct regions, inhabited respectively by the Belgae, the Aquitani and a people who call themselves Celts but are known to us as Galli. Caesar De Bello Gallico BkI: Everyman Edition (Because noone could remember what the tres partes were) - but see Gibbon Ch 1 who adds "the Narbonnese of Upper & Lower Germany. One of the sweetest smiles that ever animated the fate of mortal now diused itself over the countenance of Lord St Orville, as he fell at the feet of Julia in a deathlike swoon. A novel by Kitty Cuthbertson, quoted by G.0. Trevelyan in Life & Letters of Lord Macaulay. As Burckhardt said, we cannot know too many languages. We need them not so much in order to make ourselves understood as in order to understand. Michael Howard: Inaugural Lecture as Oxford Regius Professor Modern History, 1981. 1. B. Macaulay on Canvassing & Election Pledges. Letter 3.8.1832, quoted in G.0. Trevelyans Life & Letters of Lord Macaulay: Ch 5 (p.313) I became aware that I might well be called upon to take the lead. The prospect neither excited nor alarmed me. I thought it would be by far the best plan. W.S. Churchill: The Second World War I Ch.38.

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The great and chief end of men uniting into commonwea1ths and putting themselves under government is the preservation of their property. 1. Locke: Two Treatises of Government Bkii Chix 124. If the Church of the Middle Ages was a kind of State, the State of the Tudors had some of the characteristics of a Church. R.H. Tawney: Religion and the Rise of Capitalism. Ch.1. Sir, they are a nation of convicts, and ought to be thankful for anything we allow them short of hanging I avoided talk with him for I had now formed a clear and settled opinion that the people of America were well warranted to resist a claim that their fellowsubjects in the mother country should have the entire command of their fortunes, by taxing them without their consent. Boswell: Life of Johnson after the publication of Js pamphlet Taxation no Tyranny; An Answer to the Resolutions and Address of the American Congress (1775). Thou art a Retailer of Phrases And dost deal in Remnants of Remnants Like a Maker of Pincushions Congreve: Way of the World. To abolish a state, (ie slavery), which in all ages GOD has sanctioned, and man has continued, would not only be robbery to an innumerable class of our fellowsubjects; but it would be extreme cruelty to the African Savages, a portion of whom it saves from massacre, or intolerable bondage in their own country, and introduces into a much happier state of life. Boswell: Life of Johnson [ but Johnson wrote :" No man is by nature the property of another" and the above passage records BS disagreement] Nor is it, perhaps, as clear today as it seemed a century ago, that it has been an unmixed gain to substitute the criterion of economic expediency, so easily interpreted in terms of quantity 11

and mass, for the conception of a role of life superior to individual desires and temporary exigencies, which was what the mediaeval theorist meant by "natural law". P.H. Tawney: Religion & the Rise of Capitalism Ch.l (1926). Of all birds, the eagle alone has seemed to wise men the type of royalty not beautiful, not musical, not t for food, but carnivorous, greedy, hateful to all, the curse of all, and, with its great powers of doing harm, surpassing them in its desire of doing it. Erasmus: Adagia, quoted by R.H. Tawney. All armed prophets have conquered, and the unarmed ones have been destroyed. Injuries ought to be done all at one time, so that, being tasted less, they oend less: benets ought to be given little by little, so that the avour of them may last longer. Liberality exercised in a way that does not bring you the reputation for it, injures you. 1. Machiavelli: The Prince, Everyman Eds. Transl. by W.K. Marriott. that mysterious scale of degrees on which good churchmen look with as much veneration as the Patriarch on the ladder up which he saw angels ascending. the cloisters, the organs, the painted glass, the withered mummies, the busts of great men, and the pictures of naked women, which attract visitors from every part of the Island to the banks of Isis and Carn, - and nearly every segtence is quotable in this Essay on The gondon University by T.B. Macaulay . Selected writings of T.B. Mac. U.W. 727 c.97 50. There is na workeman That can bothe worken wel and hastilie. This must be done at leisure parfaitlie. Chaucer. We are inclined to think that we shall best meet the wishes of our readers, if, instead of dwelling on the faults of this book, we 12

attempt to give, in a way necessarily hasty and imperfect, our own View of the life and character of Mr Hastings. [There follow 6r pages on Warren Hastings, without further reference to the book under review]. T.B. Macaulay reviewing G.R. Gleigs Memoirs of the Life of Warren Hastings, 1841. Wash your ears well every morning, and blow your nose in your handkerchief whenever you have occasion; but, by the way, without looking at it afterwards. Lord Chestereld to His Son, 12 Nov. 1750 (when the latter was 18). full-bottomed wigs were contrived for the Duke of Burgundy to conceal his humpback. Chestereld 6.6.1751. - ask my friend lAbbe Sallier to recommend to you some meagre philomath, to teach you a little geometry and astronomy; not enough to I absorb your attention, and puzzle your intellects, but only enough[to be ; wak grossly ignorant of either. I have of late been a sort of an astronome malgr moi, by bringing last Monday, into the House of Lords, a bill for reforming our present Calendar, and taking the New Style. Upon which occasion I was obliged to talk some astronomical jargon, of which I did not understand one word, but got it by heart, and spoke it by rote from a master. Lord Chestereld to his Son (in Paris), 28 Feb. 1751 O.S. The French nation reasons freely, which they never did before, upon matters of religion and government -- in short all the symptoms previous to great changes and revolutions in Government, now exist, and daily increase in France. I am glad of it; the rest of Europe will be the quieter, and have time to recover. Ld. Chestereld 25.12.1753. Boswell, is a strange being, and, like Cambridge, has a rage of knowing anybody that was ever talked of. He forced himself on me at Paris 1. Walpole to Thos. Gray 18.2.1768. then rained near eightand-forty hours without intermission. My poor hay has not a dry thread to its back. I have had a re these three days. In short, every summer one lives in a state of mutiny and murmur, and I have found the reason. It is because we will aect to have a sumer, and 10

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we have no title to any such thing. Our poets learnt their trade of the Romans, and so adopted the terms of their masters. They talk of shady groves, purling streams, and cooling breezes, and we get sore throats and agues with attempting to realize these visions - Zephyr is a north-east wind, that makes Damon button up to the chin, and pinches Chloes nose till its red and blue; The best sun we have is made of Newcastle coal [We] make our houses clamber up hills to look at prospects. How our ancestors would laugh at us, who knew there was no being comfortable, unless you had a high hill before your nose, and a thick warm wood at your back! 1. Walpole to G. Montagu 15.6.1768. Boswell, that quintessence of busybodies 1. Walpole to Rev. Wm. Mason 22.J.81 Burke had far more shining abilities than solid conduct, and being dazzled by his own wit and eloquence, expected that those talents would have the same eect on others. 1. Walpole, Memoirs 1769. has made me often reect that nations are most commonly saved by the worst men in it. The virtuous are too scrupulous to go to the lengths necessary to rouse the people against their tyrants. 1. Walpole (abt Wilkes) 1762. The amusements of lawyers are not the elegant exercise of genius and the ne arts, which would unt them for their dry business. Their entertainment consists in solid eating and drinking, and in rude and boisterous merriment, after which they return to their work like a horse after his corn. 1. Boswell Journal 21.12.1764. He came to my country, and he fetched me some letter of recommending him; but I was of the belief he might be an impostor, and I supposed, in my minte, he was an espy; for I look away from him, and in a moment I look to him again, and I behold his tablets. Oh! he was to the work of writing 14

down all I say! Indeed I was angry. But soon I discover he was no impostor and no espy; and I only nd I was myself the monster he had come to discern. Oh, - is a very good man; I love him indeed, so cheerful! so gay! so pleasant! but at the rst, oh! I was indeed angry. Gen Paoli about James Boswell, Fanny Burneys Diary 15. Oct. 1782. arose at six oclock in the morning and by the pale blink of the moon we went to the seaside, where we had bespoke the bathing-women to be ready for us, and into the ocean we plunged. It was cold, but pleasant. I have bathed so often as to lose my dread of the operationFanny Burney, Diary. At Brighton 20. E93 1782. I feel sorry to be named or remembered by that biographical, anec- dotical memorandummer (Boswell). Fanny Burney Diary 26.2.8787. Many thousands of you who applied for our Coronation Tea Set will be interested to know that we have now made arrangements to supply this tea set to you in three alternative forms. Firstly: with the picture of Edward VIII on the bread-andbutter plate, as originally announced. Secondly: with a picture of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth on the bread-andbutter 11 plate. Thirdly: for those readers who would like to have the tea set and breadand-butter plates bearing the picture of Edward VIII and King George VI and Queen Elizabeth, we are prepared to supply the tea set and both breadand-butter plates for an extra 6d., making your total remittance 5s instead of 4s 6d, as the amount to be sent with the completed Order Form. Womans Illustrated 1937, quoted in K. Martin: The Crown and the Establishment 1962. Can that which is unsavoury be eaten without salt? Or is there any taste in the white of an egg? Job V1.6 Rain Washes Out Open Day at Sewage Works Anglian Water Authority ocials blame the poor turnout on gusty rain which washed the Open Day down the drain. Cambridge Evening News 28.9.1981. It is easy to turn yards into metres, see p14 if in doubt just write to us (All dimensions given in inches) Postal Shopping Catalogue 1979. The various modes of worship, which prevailed in the Roman world, were all considered by the people, as equally true; by the philosopher, as equally false; and by the magistrate, as equally useful. Gibbon Decline & Fall chII. 15

If you try to set forth in a catalogue what will be the exact settle- ment of aairs you will nd that the moment you leave the area of pious platitude you will descend into the area of heated controversy. W.S. Churchill, quoted by Bernard Shaw in Everybodys Political Whats What? 22 acknowledged concubines and a library of 62000 volumes attested the variety of his inclinations. Gibbon D & F Ch. VII about the younger Gordian. The professions of law and physic are of such common use and certain prot, that they will always secure a sucient number of practitioners. id ibid Ch XIII. I sat down in my bath upon a sheet of thick ice which broke in the middle into large pieces whilst sharp points and jagged edges stuck all round the edge of the tub like chevaux defrise , not particularly p comforting to the naked thighs and loins, for the keen ice cut like broken glass. The ice water stung and scorched like re. I had to collect the oating pieces of ice and pile them on a chair before I could use the sponge and then I had to thaw the sponge in my hands for it was a mass of ice. Rev. Francis Kilvert: Diary 25 Dec. 1870 quoted by A.L. Le Quesne: After Kilvert OUP 1978. barbed-wire entanglement (Peitit Larousse) How I wish I could calculate pie (3 1 4 1 5 9 3 letters) From the Faber Book of Useful Verse 1981, ed. Simon Brett. 12 They, who will not believe anything to be reasonably designed, except it be successfully executed, had need of a less dicult game than mine is. Charles II, June 1653. But it had its pleasures, the old dark ride [in a coach in winter]. First there was the consciousness of silent endurance, so dear to every Englishman, Thos. Hughes: Tom Browns Schooldays. A Life Peer is a Lord who does not pass on when he dies. Lord Hume 1981. He obliged the literary men to respect their countrys lawful government, not to reveal to the enemy the weak points in our defence, not to lead the peoples imagination astray. 1. Masson: Napolon chez lui 1894. The houses of the Tartars are no more than small tents, of an oval

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form, which aord a cold and dirty habitation for the promiscuous youth of both sexes. Gibbon D & F of the Roman Empire ch26. the dierent oors, and apartments, of the same house were divided, as it is still the custom of Paris, and other cities, among several families of plebeians. ibid ch 31. In the course of a busy and interesting narrative I might possibly forget to mention the death of such a prince (Honorius, whom Gibbon regards as contemptible) and I shall therefore take the precaution of observing, in this place, that he survived the last siege of Rome about thirteen years. ibid ch.31. ome men yery easily make jam. Sun Mnemonic giving the order of the planets: Sun, Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune [Pluto]. Geneve, triste sejour du travail et de la discorde - Edward Gibbon, letter to Deyverdon, 1783. Dr Whyte suggests that at the roots of modern architecture was a concern less with function and purpose and more with millenarianism than is generally supposed and that the underlying political ideology was not Marxist or evolutionary, but anitpopu1arist, elitist, and undemocratic. C.U.P. Catalogue entry on I.B. Whyte: Bruno Taut and the Architec~ ture of Activision 1982. It is the duty of a patriot to prefer and promote the exclusive in- terest and glory of his native country; but a philosopher may be permitted to enlarge his views, and to consider Europe as one great republic, whose various inhabitants have attained almost the same level of politeness and cultivation. The balance of power will continue to uctuate, and the prosperity of our own, or the neighbouring Kingdoms, may be alternately exalted or depressed; but these partial events cannot essentially injure our general state of happiness, the system of arts, and laws, and manners, which so advantageously distinguish, above the rest of mankind, the Europeans and their colonies. 13 Should the victorious barbarians carry slavery and desolation as far as the Atlantic ocean, ten thousand vessels would transport beyond their pursuit the remains of civilized society; and Europe would revive and ourish in the American world. Gibbon, D & F of the Roman Empire Ch.38 (1781) A Motorway is a fast road between trac jams. Juan Bordas 1982 17

Mankind is a catalysing enzyme for the transition from a carbonbased to a silicon-based intelligence. Grard Bricogne 1980. - I was once bit by a dog most vehemently suspected of madness. Edward Gibbon Autobiographical Memoir C. (So there was rabies in 18thC England!) Another damnd thick, square book! Always scribble, scribble, scrib- ble! Eh? Mr Gibbon? Duke of Gloucester, 1781, on being presented with Vols 2 & 3 of D&F At the eighth period [of Halleys comet] their (Bernoulli, Newton & Halleys) calculations may perhaps be veried by the astronomers of some future capital in the Siberian or American wilderness. Gibbon, D & F Ch XLIII. . . . the pope asserted, most probably with truth that a linen which had been sanctied in the neighbourhood of his (St Pauls) body, or the lings of his chain - possessed an equal degree of miraculous virtue. Gibbon D & F Ch XLV A reformer should be exempt from the suspicion of interest and he must possess the condence and esteem of those whom he proposes to reclaim. ibid ch 46, . . . the works of allegory and metaphysics [of Cyril of Alexandria] whose remains in seven verbase folios now peaceably slumber by the side of their rivals. ibid ch 47. Unskilful and unfortunate inwar , Nicophorus was vanquished by the Saracens, and slain by the Bulgarians; and the advantage of his death overbalanced, in the public opinion, the destruction of a Roman army. ibid ch 48. We have in our neighbourhood one of those nothoroughfare lanes or courts, of which Voltaire wanted to change the indelicate name they bear in French [cul de sac] with that of impasse An American in Regency England: Louis Simond, ed. Chr. Hibbert London: Robert Maxwell. [He] was a printer, who had been there (in Newgate prison) two years for striking for wages, and has one or two more years to stay. Three or four years connement in Newgate, for a confederacy of journeymen to have their wages raised, seem to me most excessive, especially as their employers 14 may confederate as much as they please among themselves for the reduction of wages. Ibid. 18

The judges passed the sentence of the law, which is transportation for life. The prisoner may have to wait two years in prison for a full cargo for Botany Bay (The oence was culpable homicide). Ibid. For a few months during the Cultural Resolution, the Red Guards in Peking decided that trac lights would be more revolutionary if red meant go and green stop: some lights were altered, others left as they were Philip Short in The Listener 8.4.82. It is from the letters and reports of a public man in India that the dispensers of patronage form their estimate of him. In this country, we sometimes hear men speak above their abilities. It is not very unusual to nd gentlement in the Indian service who write above their abilities. The English politician is a little too much of a debater; the Indian politician a little too much of an essayist. T.B. Macaulay Warren Hastings: Edinburgh Rev Oct 1841. . . . the battles won by lessons of tactics may be numbered with the epic poems created from the roles of criticism. Gibbon D & F Cl.53 . . . from which the corrupt names of Archipelago, lArchipel, and the Arches (for the Aegean) have been transformed. . . Gibbon D & F Ch 53 Footnote. In modern Europe, the power of the sword is possessed - by ve or six mighty potentates; their operations are conducted on a distant frontier, by an order of men who devote their lives to the study and practice of the military art; the rest of the country and community enjoys in the midst of war the tranquillity of peace, and is only made sensible of the change by the aggravation or decrease of the public taxes. Gibbon D & F Ch 53. . . . that Dick Whittingtons cat . . . was no four-footed friend but a grimy little collier from the North on which his fortunes were embarked. Footnote in H.C. Cameron: Sir Joseph Banks Sydney 1952: Angus & Robertson .. the loss [by Catholic clergy of the right to marry] is compensated by dignity or annihilated by age. Gibbon D & F Ch 60. It was among the ruins of the capitol that I rst conceived the idea of a work which has amused and exercised near twenty years of my life and which, however inadequate to my own wishes, I nally deliver to the curiosity and candour of the public. Gibbon D & F Ch 71 (End of the History).

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I have made some observations in this matter so long that when I meet with a young fellow that is a humble admirer of these sciences, but more 15 dull than the rest of the company, I conclude him to be a Fellow of the Royal Society. Tatler 12.10.1710, attributed to Steele. Quoted in H.C. Common: Sir Joseph Banks. the prodigious prots that would arise from the transmission of information . . . might prove the origin of a revenue . . . as greatly produc- tive as that of the Post Oce. Captain Wm. Ricketts RN 7.7.1811 (on a scheme for an electric telegraph). Misc Mss Royal Society V1.82. . . . it is evident that Harwood meant to bring the FRS to market. His election however to the Professorship of Anatomy at Cambridge saves our bacon. Letter from Dr Blagden Sec R.S. 30.10.1785, quoted by H.C. Cameron. . . . a historical canvas is necessarily crowded, and readers who are afraid of crowds should keep to the better-ordered lanes of ction. 1. Runciman Introduction to The Sicilian Vespars CUP 1958. Es scheint mir, dass der Versuch der Natur, auf dieser Erde ein denkendes Wesen hervor zubringen, gescheitert ist. Max Born in H & M Born: Der Luxus des Gegssens 1969 Nymphenburgverlag Munich, (introducing several pages of profound pessimism about the future of Man because - Naturwissenschaft und Technik die sittlichen/ Grondlage der Zivilisation vielleicht fr immer zerstBrt haben . . . Uniformity of Nature would never occur to anyone who worked in a laboratory. Attributed to J.J. Thomson. Diese Abwertung der Ethik ist die Folge der Lnge und Kompliziertheit des Weges zwischen einer menschlichen Betatyigung und ihrem Endeekt. Die meisten Arbeiter Kennen lediglich ihren Speziellen Kleinen Handgri in einem speziellen Abschnitt des Produktionsprocesses und sehen Kaum jemals das vollstndige Erzdgnh.NaturHss fhlen sie sich nicht verantwortlich fur dieses Produkt oger fur seine Verwendong. Max Born v.s. (Has this become increasingly true of scientic research also?) Shipton and Tilman are resting on a ledge in the high Himalaya after a particularly arduous traverse.

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Shipton: We have climbed many mountains together in Africa and in Asia. We have depended on each other in many dangerous situations. You have saved my life. I have saved yours. Is it not time that you called me Eric? Tilman: No Shipton: why? Tilman (after some thought): Because its such a damned silly name. High Mountains and Cold Seas A Biography of H.W. Tilman, by J.R.L. Anderson: London Gollancz 1980. (From which book I also learned that John Auden, brother of W.H. Auden, was a Himalayan climber. cf Auden & Isherwood The Ascent of F6!). Passing Penguin Island - the place where the birds were rst so called by a Welshman sailing with Sir Thomas Cavendish in the sixteenth century, pen gwyn being welsh for white head. ibid. 16 The " Gentlemans Magazine founded in 1731 by Edward Cave as a store house of ammunition for social life. John Caswell: From Revolution to Revolution England 1688-1776. [England is] a country satised with her own wealth, and in no need to trade. Chief Justice Jereys 168? quoted in John Carswell: From Revolution to Revolution; Routledge & Kegan Paul 1973. . . . the best constitution and the best King any nation was ever blessed with Benjamin Franklin, 1768 and similar praises of George III to Samuel Cooper, 27.4.69. Though the Apostles, for wise reasons, were chosen from among men of low birth and parentage, yet times and circumstances are so changed that persons of noble extraction, by coming into the Church, may add strength and ornament to it; especially so long as we can boast of some who are honour- able in themselves as well as in their families. Bishop Newton, 1760 quoted by J. Carswell V.S. Well if I were Prince Charles, I expect I would remember our wedding anniversary. 29.7.82 & Gar bequesm ucht einem Fremden der mit breiten Steinen gepasterte Weg an beiden Seiten der Strassen denn Kein Rad darf nur um einen Finger-

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breit hinber Kommen. Indess erfordent die Hichkkit, eine Dame - nicht etwa wie bei uns, immer zur Rechten, sondern anfder Seite der HHer - gehen zu lassen weil diese die bequemste und sichEEte ist. Karl Philipp Moritz, Reisen eines Deutschen in England in Jagr 1782. (Were there no pavements in Berlin ?). - Liessen wir uns [vonwschie] Egcht weit hinter Dartford, das noch 16 Meilen von London liegt, in einem Boote ans Land setzen. Diess thut man - weil wegen der erstaunlichen Menge Von Schien oft verschiedene Tage erfordert werden ehe ein Schi sich durcharbeiten kann. ibid. dass die Englischen Klassischen Schiftsteller, ohne alle Vergleichung, huger gelesen werden als die Deutschen - ibid. --dieses Vorurtheil gegen die Juden habe ich - in England weit huger als bei uns bemerkt. ibid. Sir, your letter is before me, and in a few minutes it will be behind me is attributed to C.J. Fox see Loren Reid: Charles James Fox Longmans 1969. 17 the streets, with constant sweeping, are t to walk in, though there is no paved footpath. Benjamin Franklin, letter to Miss Mary Stevenson, 14.9.1767 (cf. K.P. Moritz)i&a&ma; Better than the alternative Clem Attlee, on being asked how he liked being eighty years old. It would certainly be far better policy to substitute for tea, which must be brought from China, the coee which grows in the English colonies: such a change might, perhaps, tend to diminish that alarming consumption of wine which occasions in this country so many diseases and especially so many excesses caused by drunkeness. 1. Faujas de St.Fond: A Journey through England and Scotland to the Hebrides in 1784. In general, the English have many more servants than we have all of them being required in View of the high standard of cleanliness. Fr. de la Rochefoucauld: Melanges sur lAngleterre A Frenchman in England 1784 ed J. Marchand, tr. S.C. Roberts. What is really meant is not "happiness" but "liberty", but from the English point of View these two words mean nearly the same thing. ibid. But what is really remarkable is that there is no word in English which expresses the meaning of je mennuie ibid 22

(S.C. Roberts notes that the phrase I am bored had hardly become common in 1784) (According to G. Madan bored was invented by Byron) English labourers do their work in a very casual way taking frequent rests and talking a great deal a French workman does nearly a fth more work in a day than an English man ibid (Heine, 50 years later is awed by the hard work of the English!) Is there in the world anything so wearisome as the English Sunday? ibid. in a Frenchmans eyes the King of England is no king at all ibid The right of not being arrested save for felony is peculiar to England. ibid. In the 27 miles between Bury and Cambridge there are four tollhouses - you pay a total of 27 English pence simply for the use of the road. ibid. In every county, every town, and every country place in England there are clubs. [Some of these] are associations of people interested in, and enthusiasts for, the same branch of art or some subject suitable for discussion. - The third kind of club is of greater advantage to the class of small labourers whom we call peasants - In the inn in which meetings are 18 held there is a box - into which the club members put their money [They] pay every week a sum - towards providing the three or four shillings a week which the club pays to its sick members. ibid Hence, "being on the club"! The Duke [of Windsor, in 1940] had enjoyed being Prince of Wales and wanted his old job back. John Vaizey, Listener 7.10.62. For America is, in certain ways, a refrigerator in which British ideas and institutions are preserved long after they have been forgotten in this country. Sir L. Napifer,Ford Lectures 1934. Burglar groom George Graham, aged 29, of Sandway Crescent, Norris Green, Liverpool, who left his wedding reception to burgle the home of a guest, was jailed for nine months after pleading guilty at Birkenhead Crown Court yesterday. Times 23.10.62 I was of the opinion that the formation of a Government in which Her Majesty would have condence was of much greater importance than the opinions of any individual on the Corn Laws, or any other law. Duke of Wellington, 1846. 0 23

George Peacock has sent me a sophisticated bit of special pleading proving, he hopes, that he must never weed his garden again. The Wildlife and Countryside Act, he says, stipulates that only an "authorized person" may uproot wild plants, and one cannot authorize oneself. - Peacock thinks he could seek permission from the local authority, but says he much prefers to authorize his fatherinlaw to get on with the job, PHS The Times 6.11.82 England knows nothing of separate cooking for the servants, who partake of all courses sampled by the masters, the latter having rst choice and the servants what remains. Sophie v. La Roche (Sophie in London 1756, trs Clare Williams; J. Cape 1933) (At Covent Garden) a man in the pit called out to an actor in the midst of the play "stop!" The actor was silent: the man said someone was ill, and must be got out. All are quite calm - Finally the man shouts "Go on!" and the actors nished their parts. Neither the King nor the great ones looked impatient: all waited quietly till the suerer had been removed. ibid. He (Sir Hans Sloane) imediately addressed us in French, which was most amazing for an Englishman, for they would rather appear dumb than converse with a foreigner in any language than their own, even if they should be quite capable of doing so. Z.C.VUenback: London in 1710 trs. W.H. Quarrell & M. Mare. London 1934. [the members of the Royal Society] are none but apothecaries and other such people who know scarce a word of Latin. ibid. 19 for [as a foreigner] one is forced to act the deaf and dumb man on account of the desperately hard language, and, above all the pronunciation of which every foreigner complains, even if he imagines he is far advanced in the language and can read everything. ibid. see rrlietine for ,_"eiI1.e_..e.Ch,C.,_.I!8lishe_gysprache " . (Nowadays, to be intelligible is to be E6538 6E Oscar Wilde Quoted at the Head of chapter on Scientic Communication in J. Zimans The Force of knowledge CUP 1976. The best never comes; the second best comes too late. 1. WatsonWatt (about radar systems) Quoted in Ziman V.S.

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The end of a novel, like the end of a childrens dinner party, must be made of sweetmeats and sugar-plums. Last ch. of Trollopes Barchester Towers. Es ist gewiss eine schreckliche Ungerechtigkeil Uber ein ganzes Volk das Verdammungsurteil auszusprechen. Doch in betre der Englnder K3nnte mich der augenblickliche Unmut zu dergleichen verleiten, und beim Anblick durch Masse vergesse ich leicht die vielen wackeren und edlen Manner die sich durch Geist und Freiheitsliebe ausgezeichnet - Die Masse, die Stockengl3nderGott verzeih mir die Sndel sind mir in tiefster Seele zuwider, und manchmal betrachte ich sie gar nicht als meine Mitmenschen, sondern ich halte sie fr leidige Automaten, fr Maschinen, deren inwendige Triebfeder der Egoismus 1. Heine %es%deholizen 17.9.1842 es (an automaton constructed by an English mechanic) trug in der ledernen Brust sogar eine Art menschlichen Gefhls, das Von den gewhnlichen Gefhlen der Englnder nicht gar fu verschieden war, es konnge in artikug liegten T8nen seine Empnndungritteilen, und eben das Gerg der innern Rder, Raspeln und Schrauben, das man dann vernahm, gab diesen T8nen eine echt englische Aussprache; kurz, dieser Automat war ein vollendeter Gentle- man, und zu einen echtem Menghschen fehlte ihm gar nichts als eine Seele. 1. Heine Zur Geschichte der Religiion und Philosophie in Deutschland Buch III. He (Lord Marchmont) is far from contented with the Royal Society here, and says that the matters discussed there are of so little importance that he could not advise me to attend. G.C. Lichetenberg, letter to C.G. Heyne 17.4.1770 in Lichtenbergs Visits to England trs by M.L. Mare & W.H. Quarrell, Oxford 1938. I have seen many beautiful females in my day: but since reaching England I have seen as many as in all the rest of my life. id., letter to J.C. Dieterich 19.4.1770. What great things man will at length achieve with a magnetic needle, a Harrison clock, and a load of pickled cabbage! (About Cooks second voyage also other comments on the Voyage from the viewpoint of Johann Reinhold Forster). id Letter to J.A. Schernhagen 16.10.1775. 25

20 - my street is enveloped in so thick a cloud of coal smoke that I am writing by the light of a candle at half past ten in the morning. id Letter to J.C. Diegrich 16.11.1775 #0. And what is more dull than a discreet diary? One might just as well have a discreet soul. Chips: The Diaries of Sir Henry Channon ed. R. Rhodes James 26.6.1935 It is very dicult to spend less than 200 a morning when one goes out shopping. ibid 27.9.1935 - at Dunkirk time the King (and) the Chief Rabbi - had chatted. The Rabbi, while assuring the monarch that all would nally be well added that All the same, Sir, I should put some of the Colonies in your wifes name! ibid (Churchill) had said Since the English occupation of India the native population has increased by a hundred million. Since the American War of Independence, the Red Indian population has practically died out. ibid After he (Churchill) had sat down he began to search for something; and dgetted so much that Gaitskell, who was speaking for the Government, asked what was the matter. Winston rose very gravely and solemnly announced I was only looking for a ju-jube. ibid. As she is played From Mr James Trainer Sir, Mr Ignarskis succinct history of international cricket in Germany (January 13) perhaps helps explain the lexicographical mystery of the proliferation of cricketing terms in Collinss excellent new Germany dic- tionary. It must be the Heidelberg press cricket correspondent (Johann Waldschnepfe?) who nds a use for those crisp phrases ausgeschlagen whrend deg Schlagmann seinen Lauf maghte ("run out") and wir gewannen und hatten vie; Sghlagmanggr nggh night inEinsatz gehabt ("we won by four wickets). And why is German cricket so dominated by slow bowling? The only bowling styles listed by the dictionary(s compilers are the curious gegrghter Ball ("googly") and the surely illegal Werfer, deg dem Eall einen Qrall gibt ("spin bowler"). No great imagination would have been needed to add a Chinese (Presumably a Gastwerfer?) and Federal Railway terminology suggests QWerfer for fast bowlers. In the eld Collins oers only Torwchter ("wicketkeeper") and 26

Eckmann ("slip elder"). New light on Eckmanns Gesprche? One assumes that the European Institute for Molecular Biology scored most of their runs with the Treibschlag ("drive") or even the abortive odrive, the unlisted .,au. . . .. .; . . . ..~.a-.-mm.-=.-v Abtreibschlag. In der Klemme sein ("to be on a sticky wicket") is surely art imitating cricket. The denition aus sgip, weil seine Beine Von eingm grf getroen . . . . . . . . . . . . . .._.._. . . . . . ._ . . . . . . r..,_. . . . . . . . . . . . -q . . . .i. . . . wurdgn ("to be out 136) was obviously suppliedmby the current Australian umpires. (Times, Jan. 1983) Yours sincerely, James Trainer, 5 Pathfoot Avenue, Bridge of Allan, Stirling, 21 Was die Deutschen betrit, so bedrfen sie weder der Freiheit noch der Gleichheit. (sie leben] nur in der Vergangenheit und in der Zukunft und [haben] keine Gegenwart. Englnder und Franzosen haben eine Gegenwart. Der Englnder liebt die Freiheit wie sein rechtmassiges hib - Der Franzose liebt die Freiheit wie seine erwhlte Braut Der Deutsche liebt die Freiheit wie seine alte Grossmutter. 1. Heine Englische Fragmente Wenn man mit dem dmmsten Englnder ber Politik spricht, so wird er doch immer etwas Vermnftiges zu sagen wissen. Sobald man aber das Gesprch auf Religion lenkt, wird der gescheiteste Englander nichts als Dummheiten zutage frdern. ibid (Heine disliked England and the English; he worshipped Napoleon and could never forgive England for the victory of 1815 and for her treatment of his hero). From Georey Madans Notebooks; eds J. A. Gere and J. Sparrow. 0xford:l981. Il cute cher pour etre raisognablez il en cohte la jeunesse Mme de la Fayette Horsesense is something a horse has that prevents him betting on people. Father Matthew . Lord Birkenhead is very clever, but sometimes his brains go to his head. Margot Asquith. A man cannot become young by overexerting himself. Jowett 27

Research is a mere excuse for idleness. Jowett This question, unlike the platform at the railway station at which we have just arrived, has two sides to it. R.A. Konox, at the Cambridge Union. The mysterious grainelevating building, close to the station, which I always think of as Balliol College, Cambridge. Phillip Guedalla, ibid. Men and Women become good husbands and good wives from the necessity of remaining husbands and wives. Lord Stowell, cited by Gladstone 1879. You can trust all Englishmen except those who talk French. Bismarck Never be afraid to think yourself t for anything for which your friends think you t. Samuel Johnson. 22 An expert is one who knows so much about so little that he neither can be contradicted, nor is worth contradicting. Henry Ward. compare with An expert is someone who persuades others to pay him for understanding a language which he has invented himself. 1. Wesfbourne. The surgeons with a rare, and recent, knack Take any organ out and put it back. A.P. Herbert How like the happy sheep we pass At random through the green, For ever in the longest grass, But never in between! A.P. Herbert (on golf) Give me a little ham and egg And let me be alone, I beg, Give me my tea, hot, sweet and weak Bring me The Times and do not speak. A.P. Herbert. Also, the famous Lines on a Book Borrowed from the Ships Doctor, written in 1927 or 1928 by A.P.H, printed in A.P.H, His Life and Times by A.P. Herbert: Heinemann 1970 p.65. Has it occurred to you, dear Donald, that there could be a reason? Romola Oddie, to a young music don, who had boasted that the work about to be performed by his College Music Society had not been performed for 200 years! (It hadnt occurred to him!). The literary instinct may be known by a mans keeping a small notebook in his waistcoat pocket, into which he jots down anything that strikes him, or any good thing he hears said, or a reference he thinks will come in useful to him.

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Samuel Butler - The Way of All Flesh. No gentleman can be without three copies of a book, one for show, one for use, and one for borrowers. Richard Heber (1773-1833), quoted by Osbert Sitwell in Left Hand, Right Hand London: MacMillan 1945 To her, [Lady Rainclie] music was divided into two main bodies, "tunes" and "no tunes". Osbert Sitwell l.c. Upon a Sunday morning - my father was walking round the lake which is shaped like an hourglass or a gure-of-eight, and a bridge spans its waist. On this bridge my father [Sir George Sitwell] met Arthur Waley [the translator of Chinese Poetry, and a house guest] advancing towards him. Each took o his hat ceremoniously and said to the other "How much I wish we were going in the same direction!" and passed on. Half an hour later they met again in the same place and repeated the salutation. Osbert Sitwell, l.c. 23 So that you may know, however, how my illness started, I must tell you that in England there is a kind of native complaint, which called a cold. This so-called cold in the case of people who are not constitutionally sound, becomes so dangerous that in many cases it develops into a consump tion as they call it here; but I call it febrem lentam; and the wisest course for such people to adopt is to leave England and cross the sea; and many instances can be found of people recovering their health on leaving this country. Leopold Mozart, letter in The Letters of Mozart and His Family trs Emily Anderson (MacMillan 1938). The Inheritance of Evil or The Consequences of Marrying a Deceased Wifes Sister. Title of Novel by Mrs Frewin, 1849. All periods of history are periods of transition, but some are more transitional than others. Robert Blake: Disraeli. Eyre of Spolliswoode 1966. If thou wilt diligently hearken to the voice of the Lord thy God, and wilt do that which is right in his sight and wilt give ear to his command- ments, and keep all his statutes, I will put none of these diseases upon thee, which I have brought upon the Egyptians: for I am the Lord that healeth thee. Exodus 15.26. IBM; Annual Turnover $26.6 billion Switzerland; GNP $35.5 billion 1982 In clink (= in jail) comes from the prison attached to Winchester Palace, situated in Clink Street nr Southwark Cathedral. Times 12.3.83.

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- to ask why Gladstone was like a telescope; the answer being, because Disraeli draws him out, sees through him and shuts him up. Blake: Disrael. Rememeber Ulysses: ignore the sirens Gratto on Fire Warning Notice in U.L. The three great objects of a lawyer 1. To get on 2. To get onner 3. To get onest 4. Disraeli - in a letter to Lady Bradford 10.3.1875 (The Letters of Disraeli to Lady Bradford and Lady Chestereld. Ed. The Marquis of Zetland. 1. Benn Ltd, London 1929. What do you think was the number of Valentines distributed in the London District on the last day of the Saint? It is incredible. A good bit above two millions! It cost nearly 100 for extra labor to distribute them, but the stamps cost 10,000 so there was enough to spare. I have the returns before me from the Post Oce 14,000 was, I believe, throughout the U.K. expended in extra labor. Disraeli to Lady Bradford 21.3.75 /In 1984 a BBC estimate was 35 million cards in the UK.) ~ 24 [Mr Liebricht] is the oculist who discovered the cause of all those outrageous eects which Turner produced in his pictures of late years - those wonderful yellows and distorted forms which his admirers kept on declaring were fresh triumphs of art and genius. The pupil of Turners eye was in a state of disorder and change - but remediable. Disraeli to Lady Bradford 13.11.1875. Your readers will doubtless recall Gibbons account of the coronation of King Shapur II of Persia in AD309. Letter by J.J. Norwich, Times 19.4.83. Dear Mamma, I must write you a line because I know you will be so delighted that England has bought the Suez Canal. How jolly!! The future Wilhelm II to Queen Victoria 1876. When they [the ruins of Kenilworth Castle] rose up before me I found myself trembling, I know not why. I could not help tears coming. I had never in my life seen an old building. I had never seen a ruin. 30

Henry Ward Beecher: Letters from Europe 1855. Quoted by Chr. Mulvey in Ang1oAmerican Landscapes, CUP 1982. - nor can I lament that I desisted [from a study of mathematics], before my mind was hardened by the habit of rigid demonstration, so destruc- tive of the ner feelings of moral evidence 1. Gibbon Autobiography. We were then [in 1758] in the midst of a war: the resentment of the French at our taking their ships without a declaration had rendered that polite nation somewhat peevish and dicult: they denied a passage to English travellers. ibid. The review of my moral and literary character is the most interesting to myself and to the public. ibid. - the period of the full moon, which was usually reserved for our more distant excursions. ibid A matrimonial alliance has ever been the object of my terror rather than of my wishes. ibid They fell into a panic. Having fullled during their lives the duties of administration, they were frightened because they were called upon, for the rst time, to perform the functions of government. they had recourse to what they called strong measures. about the administration of 1834 Disraeli: Coningsby Like all weak men To us, with ourTimes newspaper every morning on our breakfast table, bringing on every subject which can interest the public mind a degree of information and intelligence which must form a security against any prolonged public misconception ibid 25 We may therefore visit on the lachess of this ministry the introduction of that new principle and power into our constitution which ultimately may absorb all AGITATION 31

(Disraelis capitals) ibid There was indeed a considerable shouting about what they called Conservative principles; but the awkward question naturally arose, what will you conserve? The erogatives of the Crown, provided they are not exercised, the independence of the House of Lords, provided it is not asserted; the Ecclesiastical estate, provided it is regulated by a commission of laymen. Everything in short that is established, as long as it is a phrase and not a fact Conservatism discards Prescription, shrinks from Principle, disavows Progress; having rejected all respect for Antiquity, it oers no redress for the Present, and makes no preparation for the Future. ibid BKII Ch.VI there is no error so vulgar as to believe that revolutions are occa- sioned by economical causes. ibid I have slept on the ground in the Rocky Mountains in zero weather, but I never felt the need of a hotwater bottle in bed until I came to Cambridge. 1. Frank Dobie A Texan in England Hamond & Hammond, London 1945. The average Englishman would shrink from the idea of selling himself; on the other hand, because you do not want to buy the article, he will not discount a penny. ibid when Jeerson nominated the unalienable rights of man "to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness" he emphatically omitted property ibid All the following from Britain through American Eyes ed. H.S. Commager: Bodley Head 1974 selections from American writers 1777-1948.

of an extremely sensible balance that would turn with one thousandth part of a grain [was] sixty guineas. Benjamin Silliman 1805 The pastoral writers of other countries appear as if they had paid Nature an occasional visit, and become acquainted with her general charms; but the British poets have lived and revelled with her - they have wooed her in her most secret haunts they have watched her minutest caprices. Washington Irving 1820 the remarkable scene of a [dissenting] clergyman standing without the paling [of a churchyard] in the street or highway, performing funeral obsequies by stealth, and in evasion of the law, over one of his own people, whose friends are assembled around the grave within. 32

Calvin Colton 1831 26 "Do you really mean to say that in America the great merchants daughter does not look down on the little grocers daughter?" "Perhaps, the great merchants daughter does look down, but very certainly the little grocers daughter does not look up". Adam Badeau ca 1870. This solid selfcondence and pride of nationality, this extraordinary content with the image reected in the mirror of selfesteem Edwin Whipple 1884. And I trust that, through the mediation and merits of our blessed Redeemer, you may there experience that mercy which a due regard to the credit of the paper currency of the country forbids you to hope for here. Judge, after condemning to death the forger of a 1 note. Quoted by Whipple. During the following two years on the continent - nothing among the beggars of South Italy nor among the saltmines of Austria carried with it the same conviction of human wretchedness which was conveyed by this momen- tary glimpse of an East London Street. Jane Addams 1883 (typical of many American comments in the 19th and even 20th centuries). to be the father or mother or sister of a great cricketer or football player is a prouder distinction than to be related to a prize scholar. Bret Harte 1889. In England there is as little possible reward for services rendered after the election as there is actual bribery for services rendered before the election. Richard Harding Davis 1894. domestic economy in England is devised for - making the men as capable as possible of doing their work. The home is not a playhouse for the women and their friends, nor a grownup nursery for the mother and the children, but a place of rest and comfort in which men may renew their strength. Price Collier 1895. The percentage of men who devote themselves to some hobby is over I whelmingly greater than with us - who are players at cricket, golf, ereket Qarnrk teams or rowing)who collect books prints or autographs, Japanese curios or odd bits of procelain who are studying an ancient or modern language who 33

climb mountains who go in for hunting, shooting, shing, botany or geology who study some branch of archaelogy id (About a destitute man to whom he gave a shilling) If his need had apparently been less dire I might have made it a sovereign but one must not y in the face of Providence which is probably not ill-advised in choosing certain of us to be reduced to absolute destitution. William Dean Howells 1905. A thing one feels more and more irritatingly in England is that, while with other foreigners we stand on common ground where we may be as unlike them as we choose, with the English we always stand on English ground, where s 27 we can dier only at our peril, and to our disadvantage. A person speaking English, and bearing an English name, had better be English, for if he cannot it shows, it proves, that there is something wrong in him. William Dean Howells : Seven English Cities, 1909. The Oxford "rst" has an admirable command of language and a brilliant style that comes from writing to impress clever people. He can make less knowledge go further, and write what he has to say far better, than the summa ggm lagde men of American Universities - Full of selfcondence, he is ready to bring up any subject in the world for you in two weeks; inordinately proud of the thing he does not know, the humbling process takes at best a long time, and if he becomes a fellow at Oxford, sometimes never takes place at all. Samuel Eliot Morison in the Spectactor /7th and 14th November 1925 pp 811, 866. quoted in full by Commager and full of wisdom. Capetown, Calcutta and Peking are not merely faro foreign cities which creep into the news occasionally as centres of political disturbance, but places where "Tom" or "Dick" or "Harry" is stationed. James Truslove Adams 1927. [The Times] editorial comment tells the reader exactly what he already thinks in words which seem to him exactly what he would have used if he could have thought of them. Vincent Sheehan 1939 For more than a century and a half Americans have been busy describing the English. That they have so largely repeated each other is a comment on a persistence of national traits almost monotonous. 1. S. Commager, 1949. 34

(He then summarises the descriptions in a most perceptive manner, but almost everything he said in 1948 is no longer true in 1983). The following from the anthology: Strange Island. Britain through Foreign Eyes 1395-1940 compiled and edited by Francesca M. Wilson, Ldgmans, Green & Co. 1955. Wives in England are entirely in the power of their husbands when they marry they give up the surname of their father. 1. van Meteren, Nederlands Histoir 1575. His Majesty has by the (the foundation of the R.S.) made it plainly appear that he knows the true way to attain solid glory. Sorbiere A Voyage to England 1663. Ah, what an excellent thing is an English pudding! Misson de Valbourg 1690. A sensible Englishman speaks of himself, his rank and his dignity, with modesty; but he talks of his country with pride, and a kind of enthusiasm; whilst on the contrary, a German ne gentleman seems to be enamoured with his person, his rank, his pretended merits, and his titles, not caring anything for his nation or his country. G.F.A. Wendeborn. View of England towards the Close of the 18th Century 1791. (W. was pastor of German Church in Ludgate Hill for 22 years) [Many visitors have commented on pavements Moritz, 172, Franklin 1767, quoted above; also N. Karamzin 1795, H.J. Meister 1792 . The last two, however, warn of the danger of falling down area steps or coal-holes in the pavement]. & Pckler-Muskau 1826 see also p.143. old Europe cannot be rejuvenated by Russian blood. Karl Marx to F. Engels 1855, refusing an invitation to a meeting organised by the Russian revolutionary Herzgn. - it (the English Crowd) never in any circumstances knows how to queue; the English will continue to press forward until at last they arrive somewhere. 1. Herzen 1864. The country is a creation of the English aristocracy, and the people of England are in a certain sense the aristocracy of the British Empire, able to allow themselves the luxury of this park.

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1. Cohen-Portheim: England, die unbekannte Insel 1930. Proto-wop = Latin U.W. Arndt 1983. Da sie [die deutsche Rennaissance] in einem uns noch nicht fernstehenden Jahrhundert uns Shakespeare new entdeckt und in neuzeitliche gprache Ubersetzt hat, sind wir das einzige Volk, das zu Shakespeare berhaupt noch eine lebendige Beziehung besitzt Er ist zu einem deutschen Nationaldichter geworden. O.A.H. Schmitz: Das Land ohne Musik, G. Mller, Munich 1915. The numerous servants [in a London Club] are never seen but in shoes, and in the neatest livery or plain clothes. Prince H.V. PHcklerMuskau 1826. A Regency visitor to London ed. E.M. Butler Collins 1957. The practice of half lying instead of sitting - of crossing one leg over the other in such a way as to hold the foot in one hand, of putting the hands in the armholes of the waistcoat, ibid. I nd television very educating. Every time someone switches on the set I go into the other room and read a book Graucho Marx. La Feu: I am in love again throughout my whole body, in my veins and bones, in my entire soul. I am so hot I fear I may blow up like a bomb and then if my pure heart might only be elevated and lodge itself in the charming ladys bosom. Klinger: Sturm und Drang Act III Scene 1. Jowett to Tennyson: " I think I wouldnt publish that (new poem, which Thad just read to J) if I were you, Tennyson ". Tennyson: " If it comes to that, the sherry you gave us at luncheon was beastly". Kenneth Rose: Superior Person. Curzon and his circle. Hail the auspicious morn To Prussias throne is born A Royal heir! 29 May he defend its laws Joined with Old Englands cause This wins all mens applause! Verse added to the National Anthem in 1859 at the birth of the future Wilhelm II, from Memoirs of HRH Viktoria Louise of Prussia.. Gentlemen do not take soup at luncheon G.N. Curzons comment on a proposed menu. If they (the military Chiefs of Sta) were allowed full scope they would insist on the importance of garrisoning the moon in order to protect us from Mars 36

Lord Salisbury 1886 (k. Rose: Curzon). Mangel an Geist Kann in England durch Ansta"ndigkeit aufgewogen werden CarlErdmann Pckler: Einussreiche Englgnder Berlin 1938. der Ruf brilliant zu sein, wirkt in der britischen Politik fast tatlfh. ibid. The Queen will not hear of it (i.e. making G.F. Watts the painter & sculptor a P.C.) because she says an artist sells his pictures and is not the equal of a man of science like Huxley who did get it. Letter from Marie Mallet, 1896. Life with Queen Victoria. Ed. Victor Mallett London 1968. I have been four miles on my bike (sic!) accompanied by Sir Arthur Bigge at the rate of seven miles per hour. ibid. I believe it is conceded by all the other countries, that Cambridge- shire possesses fewer rural beauties than any other county in England. Anthony Trollope: Can you Forgive Her? ch.10 (see also p.140. television celebrating literature. To me, this is like the Inter- national Association of Fur Traders celebrating the World Wildlife Fund. John Naughton in the Listener 24.11.83. a certain lady more distinguished for wealth than correct spelling, wrote to the Chairman of the Peninsular and Oriental Company saying that she was going to India, and that she hoped he could manage to secure her a comfortable birth. He replied that he would do his best, but that he could not guarantee her against mal de mere. E.F. Benson: As We Were Longmans 1930. a trained though not imaginative musician, who praised God very sincerely in the key of C major, without any passionate Hosannas or di- cult modulations. (about Prince Alberts Te Deum) ibid What the Holy Prophets meant In the Ancient Testament Thou revealest to our view Lord, for ever, in the New Hymn by Bishop Wordsworth (nephew of Wm. Wordsworth). ibid. 30 You none of you know how to pack your sponge. The only way is rst to wrap it up in your bath towel, and then to stamp upon it. Gladstone, quoted by Benson, ibid. - a Reticence in three Volumes Gladstone, about George Eliots Life quoted by Benson. 37

Acceptance for publication by a reputable journal implies no more than that the work is supercially sound, mildly interesting and moderately original. The opinion that it should at least be taken into consideration by other scientists is only a preliminary assessment 1. Ziman in Peer Commentary on Peer Review ed S. Harnad.CUP 1982. A huge, living, daily increasing grievance that does one no palpable harm, is the happiest possession that a man can have. 1. Trollope: The Eustace Diamonds ch. IV. The post-oce, with that accuracy in the performance of its duties for which it is conspicuous among all oces, caused Lucys letter to be delivered to her while the members of the family were sitting round the breakfast table. ibid ch. XV. [she] was aware that in learning one passage of a poem, it is expedient to select one in the middle, or at the end. ibid ch. XX1. The three Laws of Thermodynamics 1. You cannot win, you can only break even 2. You can only break even at absolute zero 3. You cannot reach absolute zero Quoted by J. Steinberg in address at the funeral of Sir Morris Sugden. R.S. News Jan. 84. An aristocracy is like cheese; the older it is the higher it becomes. Lloyd George 1910. The House of Lords is not the watchdog of the constitution, it is Mr Balfours poodle. Lloyd George 1908, quoted by Roy Jenkins: Mr Balfours Poodle Heinemann 1954 Es ist nicht mehr dieselbe Welt wie frher 1. Luther 1530 the relation of pure science, natural science modern languages, modern history and the rest to the old classical training, ought to be founded on a principle I deny their right to a parallel or equal position; their true position 38

is ancillary, and as ancillary it ought to be limited and restrained without scruples. W.E. Gladstone in Public Schools Commission 1861. Over the past century, then, high among the internal checks upon British economic growth, has been a pattern of industrial behavior suspicions of change, reluctant to innovate, energetic only in maintaining 31 the status quo. This pattern of behavior traces back in large measure to the cultural absorption of the middle classes into a quasiaristocratic lite, which nurtured both the rustic and nostalgic myth of an "English way of life" and the transfer of interest and energies away from the creation of wealth. Martin J. Wiener: English Culture and the Decline of the Industrial Spirit 1850-1980 CUP. 1981. The above paragraph sums up the books conclusions. The author is Prof of history, Rice University. A perfect expert is one who has made every possible mistake. O.R. Frisch cf p.95, 118a 22 "E4 You have to be as greedy as the French as docile as the Germans, and as ant-like as the Japanese to accept the discipline of the modern technological world. Probably the British are too bloody-minded and Libertarian. Harold Lever, quoted by Louis Heren in Alas, alas for England: Hamish Hamilton 1981. But they that fought for England Following a falling star Alas, alas for England They have their graves afar And they that rule in England In stately conclave met Alas, alas for England They have no graves as yet. G.K. Chesterton (Motto of L. Herens book) Darkness does not fall from the air; it comes up from the ground. Lieber Gott mach mich Stumm Das ich nicht nach DachauKumm. Quoted by E. Wiskemann as having been current in 1934 (I remember hearing this rhyme at that time!). Hitlers supreme skill lay in choosing issues about which the Germans were united, and claiming this union as the united support of the nation for all he chose to do. 1. Wiskemann: The Europe I saw 1968.

39

It was one of those days when the sun is permanently hidden behind one tiny cloud in an otherwise clear blue sky and when one feels that one ought to move two houses down the road. CBA, 1984. the inherent conict between teaching and research. A lecturer must pose as knowing everything about his subject (and some even seem to believe that they do); in research one must continually remind oneself that one knows little or nothing. Cecilia PayneGaposchkin, ed K. Haramundanis CUP 1964. Thanks to the futility inherent in proportional electoral representation, a multiplicity of political Parties were returned at each 32 election, no one of which could of itself comand a majority in the Reichstag, and so carry into eect a clear Governmental programme. 1. WheelerBennett: The Nemesis of Power. The Germany Army in Politics 1918-1945, Macmillan 1964. Whatever you do I shall be quite sure that you have done the best. Letter from Mary Jones to Phineas Finn, A. Trollope. -- these delightful creatures Prof. J.L. Cloudsgey-Thompson (prof of zoology Birkbeck College), about brontosaurs. The New Scientist 24.5.84. Killed in World War II: Total military casualties 27 millions (24% of all soldiers) Civilians 24.5 millions By countries: USSR 2 . Asia, esp Japan 1 . Poland & Balkans Germany Western Europe Italy & Austria . 5 USA . 3 Missing . 54.8 21 m. lost their homes , W SQQ, 7&5 is 45 m. were evacuated, interned or deported ** is Wie war das eigentlich: Kindheit & Jugend im 3.Reich, M.v.d Grn No story is worth believing until it has been ocially denied. Bismarck quoted by Wheeler Bennett V.S. Armies for the preperation of peace do not exist; they exist for triumphant exertion in War. 1. Hitler, 1930. It was inconceivable, according to the rules of the military game, that either of these two powers [Britain & France] should submit to the political 40

humiliation of acquiescing in one more act of unilateral treaty revision on the part of Germany aecting the Pact of Locarno which was regarded as the Keystone of French security. WheelerBennett l.c. about the remilitarisation of the Rhineland, March 1936. I am imersed in Winstons brilliant autobiography, disguised as a history of the universe. Arthur Balfour, about Churchills The World Crisis. Science and belief in miracles From the President of the Linnean Society and others Sir, In view of the recent discussions about the views of bishops on miracles we wish to make the following comments. 33 It is not logically valid to use science as an argument against miracles. To believe that miracles cannot happen is as much an act of faith as to believe that they can happen. We gladly accept the virgin birth, the Gospel miracles, and the resurrection of Christ as historical events. We know that we are representative of many other scientists who are also Christians standing in the historical tradition of the churches. Miracles are unprecedented events. Whatever the current fashions in philosophy or the revelations of opinion polls may suggest, it is important to arm that science (based as it is upon the observation of precedents) can have nothing to say on the subject. Its "laws" are only generalizations of our experience. Faith rests on other grounds. Yours etc, Sam Berry, E.H. Andrews, Martin H.P. Bott, R.L.F. Boyd, Denis Burkitt, Cliord Butler, E. Roland Dobbs, J.T. Houghton, M.A. Jeeves, J.B. LLoyd, Colin A. Russell, Douglas Spanner, David Tyrell, G. Barrie Wetherill, as from 4 Sackville Close, Sevenoaks, Kent, Times 13.7.84. Respecting vaccination the Queen would wish to observe that in Germany where it is compulsory and very strictly enforced - small pox is almost unknown which is unfortunately not the case in England. Queen Victoria to Gladstone 13.6.1880. But where is chivalry and delicacy of feeling to be found in these days among many members of Parliament? ditto 18.7.1880. It is often said - that Radicals in oce are seldom dangerous. But that is when they are not allowed to inuence the view of others or to use language which none of their Colleagues can approve.

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Mr Gladstone would not seek, nor could he earn, Your Majestys regard by dissembling the amount or character of the separation between Lord Beaconseld and himself. But it does not in any degree blind him to the extraordinary powers of the deceased statesman, or to many remarkable qualities, in regard to whom Mr Gladstone, well aware of his own marked inferiority, can only desire to prot by a great example. Mr Gladstone to Queen Victoria 20.4.81 There are very many persons who are greatly alarmed by the destructive doctrines wh are taught, who wld welcome warmly any words of Mr Gladstones which armed that liberalism is not Socialism and that progress does not mean Revolution. Queen Victoria to Mr Gladstone 2.10. 1885 and in reply (10.10.1885) He trusts also Your Majesty will never nd him wanting in the disposition to distinguish between progress and revolution. To think that in these days such a wicked policy as that Russia is secretly pursuing can be attempted seems incredible! Queen Victoria to Mr Gladstone 11.2.1886. [All the above from The Queen & Mr Gladstone: Philip Guedalla, Hodder & Stoughton 1933]. The channel 1 said that Sex Matters attracted viewing gures which had only been beaten by one other education programme on British Television, Barbara Woodhouse on training dogs. Times 23.8.1984. 34 Prophecy in politics is always dangerous: the only man who can claim to know what is coming is the one who has just thrown a Boomerang, and even he must prepare to duck. Bernard Levin. Times 5.10.84. Yf any scholler doe take an other making water in any place of the Colledge or near the gates save only where it is or shalbe appointed for that end he shall have ijd allowed upon his head. The same mulct also he shall have if he nd any emptying chamber potts or abusing any place about the College with any matter of uncleaness. Orders for the Better Government of our College (Emmanuel College, Cambridge). 2.10.1595. This is one of Harolds [Wilsons] weaknesses. He sees his job, not as launching a strategy, but as carrying out the manifesto.
1

DEFINITION NOT FOUND.

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Richard Crossman: The Diaries of a Cabinet Minister (Hamish Hamilton 1. Entry June 1965. he (Frank Cousins) knows he was far more powerful as General Secretary of the TGWU than he is as Minister of Technology ibid June 1965. We come briefed by our Departments to ght for departmental budgets, not as Cabinet Ministers with a Cabinet view. (About Cabinet meetings) ibid July 1965. Marianne began now to perceive that the desperation which had seized her at sixteen and a half of ever seeing a man who could satisfy her ideas of perfection, had been rash and unjustiable. Sense & Sensibility: Jane Austen ch X. With such a reward for tears (kisses and sugarplums) the child was too wise to cease crying. ibid ch XX1. among the merits and happiness of Elinor and Marianne let it not be ranked as the least considerable, that although sisters, and living almost within sight of each other, they could live without disagreement between themselves or producing coolness between their husbands. ibid last sentence. A few years ago car dealers in the USA displayed signs saying European Cars. Today the signs read Foreign Cars; tomorrow they will read Japanese Cars and in a few years time just Cars. U.W.A. October 1984. Musik wird st3rend oft empfunden Weil sie meist mit Gerusch verbunden Fips der Ae: Wilh. Busch. I always think its a good idea to have a small wine rack upstairs. 7 Overheard in ashopgl7 ,l1.84liHwrMhn-lmr..Wl-rmM.. An expert is a guy from out of town. P.B. Sigler, 1984. cf p.15, ;96 22. 33 He felt about France what Pericles felt of Athens unique value in her, nothing else mattering; but his thepry of politics was Bismarcks. He 35 had one illusion - France; and one disillusion mankind, including Frenchmen, and his colleagues not least. About Clemenceau. What a place the President [Wilson] held in the hearts and hopes of the world when he sailed to us in the George Washington! What a great man came to Europe in the early days of our victoryl. -. Never had a philosopher held such weapons wherewith to bind the princes of this world J.M. Keynes: The Economic Consequences of the peace. McMillan & Co. 43

1. An Ethnic Xmas Dinner 1984 Roast Chestnut Puree Xmas Pudding CND Balloons Miners Strike Crackers. who shall paint the chameleon, who can tether a broomstick? (on describing Lloyd George this syren, this goatfooted bard, this halfhuman visitor to our age from the magic and enchanted woods of Celtic antiquity - Lloyd George - a femme fatale. Essay on Lloyd George. the peculiar geometrical form in which the exposition of the Principia is dressed up bears no resemblance at all to the mental processes by which Newton actually arrived at his conclusions - the last of the magicians Essay on Newton, the Man, Essays in Biography, J.M. Keynes. "Therefore you dont have a single answer to your questions?" "If I did I would teach theology in Paris" "In Paris do they always have the true answer?" "Never, but they are very sure of their errors". Umberto Eco: The Name of the Rose. and as that treasure is in my library, I have thought it an amusement, if not a duty, to consult the orginals. Gibbon, D&F, Footnote to Ch LXIX. (About nationalists) Ils aiment les peoples come les beefsteaks: saignants. attributed to Rappoport, 1922. Somewone said of Whewell that his forte was science, Yes, asserted Sydney Smith and his foible is omniscience. Oxford Book of Literary Anecdotes. I never knew such a reader. When the conductor gives him his ticket in the tram he turns it over and reads the back. (About F.S. Boas), ibid. G.N. Watson used to amuse himself by factorising the number on his tramticket on the way to Birmingham University. As he got o at Edgbaston one day he said to the conductor in great delight "You have given me a prime number, my man!". "What did e say, mate? said that one to friend. "I dunno, but there are some mighty queer buggers get o at this stop", replied the other. . 36 No book is really worth reading at the age of ten which is not equally (and often far more) worth reading at the age of fty. The only imaginative works we ought to grow out of are those which it would have been better not to have read at all. 44

There is hope for a man who has never read Malory or Boswell or Tristram Shandy or Shakespeares Sonnets: but what can you do with a man who says he has read them, meaning he has read them once, and thinks that this settles the matter? This extraordinary pride in being exempt from temptations that you have not yet risen to the level of! Eunuchs boasting of their chastity! (About some literary researches): Its the discovery of the mares nest by the pursuit of the red herring. The above from: Of This and Other Worlds: C.S. Lewis Essay edited by W. Hooper 1982. Our proper stations Times 23.2.1985 Sir, Your Cambridge correspondent, Dr R.G.E. Pinch (February 11), writing of the great advantages that the station at Cambridge has over its Oxford counterpart in having only one platform, one ticketbarrier and no subway, wonders whether the designer was awarded an honorary degree, I think the answer is that this was very unlikely. Leslie Missen (Quotable Anecdotes, p44), records that the railway from Liverpool Street reached Cambridge in 1845 and on the insistence of the university authorities the station was sited at a most inconvenient distance from the town so that "the howling and whistling of the engines" would not make work impossible for scholars. In 1851 the railway company rst advertised excursions on Sundays from London to Cambridge. This brought forth a letter of protest from the ViceChancellor to the Chairman of the Great Eastern Railway: "The ViceChancellor regrets that the Eastern Counties Railway (sic) has made arrangements for carrying foreigners and others to Cambridge at such fares that might be likely to tempt persons who, having no regard to Sunday themselves, would inict their presence on the University on that day of rest. The contemplated arrangements are as distasteful to the Vice-Chancellor as they must be oensive to Almighty God". Trevor Thomas, Dolphins, Roncombe Lane, Sidbury, Nr Sidmouth, Devon. Of course they (the Press) notice you. You always hide just in the middle of the limelight. G.B. Shaw to T.E. Lawrence from Harry Kessler: The Diary of a Cosmopolitan. Selfdispraise is often oblique selfpraise Sam. Johnson. in a democracy it is frequently necessary to enter the polling booth holding ones nose. Writing a book is a horrible, exhausting struggle like a long bout of some painful illness.

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1. Orwell: Why I write 1947. 2. a prominent Conservative - having the vision of a mole, the passion of a speakyour-weight machine and.oratorical eloquence of a whoopee 37 cushion. Bernard Levin. Times 21.5.85 They had taken the rst step towards genuine friendship. They had exchanged vulnerabilities. Arthur C. Clarke: 2010 Odyssey Two. we have introduced into our subordinate administration at Whitehall some persons who have obtained the reputation of distinguished economists and we allow them to guide us. But though ingenious men, no doubt, they are chiey bankrupt tradesmen, who, not having been able to manage their own aairs, have taken it upon themselves to advise on the conduct of the country. Lancashire, with its teeming and toiling cities, its colossal manufactories and its gigantic chimneys, its roaring engines and its aming furnaces, its tramroads and its railroads, its coal and its cotton he is the man. He does not care a tush whether the revenue increases or declines. He is thinking of real politics: foreign aairs; maintaining our power in Europe. As for that, said Waldershare, sensible men are all of the same religion. And pray what is that? inquired the prince. Sensible men never tell. The above from, B. Disraeli: Endymion 1880. The Biggest Asp Disaster in the World (A bad review of Antony & Cleopatra in the Guardian; Quoteby Fritz Spiegel, Listener 27.6.85. "The analogy with theology is escapable: like theologians, nuclear strategists deal with the inherently unveriable, and it is precisely the unveriable that evokes the most passionate commitment. And as in theology we shall discover who was right only when it is too late to do anything about it." Michael Howard Spectator 28.6.85 Attlee sent for a Labour MP and said that his betrayal of the condences of a royal person was not the behaviour of a gentleman. I dont, said the Labour MP, quite know what you mean. Exactly retorted Attlee. From Eleven at No.10 by Frank Longford. Churchill is supposed to have said that one of his [Edens] speeches contained every cliche in the language except Please adjust your clothing on leaving the toilet. ibid. "It [compassion] always seems to me so patronizing a word" M. 46

Thatcher. ibid. Unfortunately wealth is like heat. It is only when it is unequally distributed that it performs work. Leading article in The Times (1979) Quoted by Longford, ibid. 38 (About J. Callaghan). Unlike Ted Heath and Margaret Thatcher, he had not needed to alter his accent upward, or like Harold Wilson to move it downward. ibid. - Parliamentary procedure is governed by the maxim that the minority must have its say but the majority must have its way From Harold Macmillan by Nigel Fisher. Many politicians of our time are in the habit of laying it down as a selfevidentproposition that no people ought to be free till they are t to use their freedom. The maxim is worthy of the fool in the old story, who resolved not to go into the water till he had learnt to swim. If men are to wait for liberty till they become wise and good in slavery, they may indeed wait for ever. T.B. Macaulay Critical & Historical Essay 1851 quoted by H. MacMillan in 1959. I would rather be on top of my subject than be on top of people. D.J. Thomas 1985. IF Kostensenkung GO TO Deutsche Leasing Advertisement for D.L. Derspiegel October 1985 Lord Finchley tried to mend the electric light Himself it struck him dead and served him right It is the duty of the wealthy man To give employment to the artisan Hilaire Belloc Now is the Discount of Our Winter Tents Advertisement for Autumn Sale of Tents. Mountbatten was a likely lad A nimble brain Mountbatten had And this most amiable trait: Of each new plan which came his way Hed always claim in accents pat "Why, I myself invented that!" Adding, when he remembered it, For any scoers benet, Roughly the point in his career When hed conceived the bright idea As August 1934

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Or Sometime during the Boer War Quoted by Ph. Ziegler: Mountbatten; 1985 Ve alreddy it haf done in my laboratory in 1984. 1. Hoppe ca. 1965 Like a central party in politics or a moderate denomination in religion, the liquid state is less vigorously dened and more dicult to understand then either of the extremes that ank it. 39 The complete physical chemist blows his own apparatus and solves his own equations E.A. Moelwyn-Hughes quoted by J.M. Thomas in Obituary Nature 25.1.79. To be, or the contrary? Whether the former or the latter be preferable would seem to admit of some dierence of opinion: the answer in the present case being of an armative or of a negative character according as to whether one elects on the one hand to mentally suer the disfavour of fortune, albeit in an extreme degree, or on the other to boldly envisage adverse conditions in the prospect of eventually bringing them to a conclusion. The condition of sleep is similar to, if not indistinguishable from that of death; and with the addition of nality the former might be considered identical with the latter: so that in this connexion it might be argued with regard to sleep that, could the addition be aected, a termination might be put to the endurance of a multiplicity of inconveniences, not to mention a number of downright evils incidental to our fallen humanity, and thus a consummation achieved of a most gratifying nature. 1. Quiller-Couch quoted in B. Willey: Cambridge & other Memories. To be, or not to be, - that is the question Whether tis nobler in the mind to suer The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, Or to take arms against a sea of troubles And by opposing end them? - To die, to sleep, No more; and by a sleep to say we end The heartache, and the thousand natural shocks That esh is heir to, tis a consummation Devoutly to be wisht 1. Shakespear Hamlet III.i 56-64

48

I have at various times had to eat my own words and have always found them a very palatable diet. Winston Churchill cf. I may have written that, but I have certainly never read it. G.B. Shaw. Ordinary men may climb up with distinction only extraordinary men can climb down without some loss of distinction. Admiral A.J. Power on Mountbattens return to the Navy after India (1948) Whoever is interested in furnishing is not interested in food. The important thing is to eat well. 0.V. Bismarck. 40 Its the early worm, which is caught by the bird Proverbs: U.W.A. 1986 Be modest also about modesty Chinese Proverb. - a man who sat on the fence for so long that the iron entered his soul. LL. George on R. MacDonald. This pump set up as shown in 1919 was then in continuous, practically daily, use for 19 years throughout the writers work on mass spectra without being either dismantled or cleaned. Making every allowance for the care with which corrosive vapours were excluded from it this must congitute something like a record even for Gaede, that prince of pump desfgners. Throughout the whole time it has been driven by a motor which is even more historic, for it is one of a pair specially made for, and taken out by, Scott in his last Polar expedition. F.W. Aston Mass Spectra and Isotopes 1941. School is a staging post that should prepare them for adult life and nowadays that means educating girls to lead men. 1. Barker, Headmaster of Sevenoaks Times 19.5.86 By poetry we mean the art of employing words in such a manner as to produce an illusion on the imagination, the art of doing by means of words what the painter does by means of colours. T.B. Macaulay. I believe that any satisfactory political and economical system must be based on the recognition of human inequality J.B.S. Haldane, 1962 (see also Daninos, below) Peter Fleming once got a letter from his sons school, telling him that the fees were to be raised to so much "per anum"; he replied that he would rather go on paying through the nose. 49

Bernard Levin Times 13.6.86 L /i d - \ exper ence, c est comme un cure ent. personne ne veut s en servir apres soi. Comelfegalit" annule la libert et que la liberte rend impossible lga1it (Les deux su rimant la fraternite) Cest un cercle vicieux PP , Pierre Daninos La France dans (bus ses etats 1985. It would be a great calamity to the University and to the Nation at large if an opinion should gain ground among the higher orders of Society that the Studies of the University are not such as tend to t a man for the active business and intercourse of life and promised to be useful to him in it There is no doubt that such an opinion does now prevail in some degree. 1. Philpot (Vice Chancellor of Cambridge University) to R. Phelps (Master of Sidney Lodge (sic!) 1847. Quoted by R. Rhodes James: Albert, Prince Consort. 41 - frightfully ugly. No hedges, but ditches, no trees but willows, with ugly barren elds, and the whole county as at as a table. Queen Victoria, about Cambridgeshire. Journal 21.9.1835. Remember him who led your hosts, He bade your guard the sacred coasts Tennyson 1852 (Funeral poem on Duke of Wellington). There is nothing like seeing people or nations at intervals to be made aware of even the smallest changes. Surprisingly, all the successive chapters of the history books I read seemed to describe a dierent country [Germany] from the one a few pages back or the ones that followed. Luigi Barzini: The Impossible Europeans, Weidenfeld & Nicolson 1983. He (William IV) considers it unbecoming this country to show its teeth without biting, or when it must be considered that it has neither the power nor the intention to bite, William IV to Lord Grey 1833 quoted in Ph. Ziegler: King William IV. The Queen trusts that no revolutions will ever be thought of in Spain, for they are a most unjustiable practice unfortunately in fashion in the Pensinsula. Queen Victoria to Lord Palmerston 1846. It is very well for those who have no hard work during the week to go two or three times to church on Sunday and to remain quiet for the rest of the day, but as regards the working classes the practice is perfect cruelty. ditto, 1856 (after Parliament had voted against military band performances in Kensington Gardens on Sundays). 50

The above from Regina v. Palmerston; Brian Connell 1962. The angels may perhaps be forgiven if rather than tread [themselves] in those dangerous paths they [prefer to bide their time and] tread upon the fools instead. Attributed to G. Elton, The Practice of History 1967, by Ph. Singler in the preface to his Black Death. It was said of Gladstone that he could convince others of many things and himself of anything at all. Disraeli could persuade others, but was powerless over himself. 1. Maurois: Disraeli. The country, passing at once through an agricultural and a nancial crisis, was in distress; and like all invalids, it kept turning over, in the hope of feeling better on the other side. ibid. Ladies have ts upstairs Notice in a Chinese Dress shop 1. Var: The Maker of Heavenly Trousers. In foreign politics, things are sometimes what they seem, but rarely what they are called. 1. Var The Laughing Diplomat. 42 Book reviewing is not really an art, but rather a technique committed to the implausible theory that something worth reading is published each morning. George Steiner. We must make what we can sell, not try to sell what we can make. CBI Publication, 1986. the Previous examination syndicate - reported in February 1918. It recommended - that Latin alone should be a compulsory language with one other - and that there should be a compulsory paper in natural science the proposal for a compulsory science paper was defeated in May 2 . Victoria History of the Counties of England. History of Cambridgeshire VolIII 1959. The irreducible minimum [of undergraduates expenditure on the eve of the Second World War] it was considered, for fees, board, lodging, and
2

DEFINITION NOT FOUND.

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personal expenses would be about 190 per annum with initial expenses of about 45. ibid. Sweets [are] strange, [such as] the stewed stems of the rhubarb plant whose medicinical properties are well known; yet these prudish people (the English) openly advertise the defects of their most private internal economy by their shameless partiality for this amazing fare! Francis Wey: A Frenchman see the English in the Fifties. The French and other continentals have a habit of gargling the mouth; but it is a custom which no English gentlewoman should, in the slightest degree, imitate. Mrs Beetons Book of Household Management 1859-61. Oxford English Dictionary: Anglomania: A mania for what is English, an excessive admiration of English customs, etc. Gallomania: An unreasoning attachment to France or French customs. Larousse (1866 Edn) Anglomanie: Admiration exclusive, exagere de tout qui appartient a lAngleterre Gallomanie: Admiration passionnee pour la nation francaise From R. Faber: English & French 1975. 5 Another English innovation, according to Mrs Trollope, was the introduction of pedestrian pavements in Paris. ibid. quoting Frances Trollope: Paris and the Parisians 1835. The English poet remained exposed to the danger of identifying Nature with a garden and of adorning his verses with a herbaceous border. Even as there are Germans who cannot believe that Shakespear was not a German, so there are Englishman who regard Handel as their compatriot. The above from K.V. Stutterheim: Those English! Sidwick & Jackson 1937. A Tap Face she looks as though her face was reected in a bathroom tap. 1. Duncombe 1987. s 43 It is always easier to make an epigram about a man than to understand him. Aldous Huxley: rey Eninence, 1944. We make our own Amontillado sherry by mixing Tio Pepe and Bristol Cream. M.M. Woolfson 1987. When I am dead I hope it may be said His sins were scarlet, but his books were read. 52

1. Belloc. The Dodo, like ourselves lived on an island; it ate the tropical fruit that lay on the ground and found its wings superuous and a bore; as a result it grew so fat that it could not have raised itself o the ground if it had tried and at the rst arrival of man it fell an easy victim. Derek Hudson: The Way of the Dodo 1941. Random Quotations 1977-78 It is oending against the Laws of Justice and Charity and even Decency and Common Civility to be pleased with the discovery of mistakes of Authors when committed through inadvertency and multiplicity of concerns. P. Luckombe, The History and Art of Printing, London: 1771. There didst then vanquish shame and tedious age Thy rising day saw never woeful night But passed with praise from oft this wordly stage. Walter Raleigh on Sir Philip Sidney You may roughly divide the nations of all the world as the living and the dying . . . the weak states are becoming weaker and the strong states are becoming stronger. Lord Salisbury 4.5.1898 There is something transcendently disgusting in an Income Tax, which not only takes a substantial sum immediately out of a mans pocket but compels him to expose his aairs to a party [the Tax Collector] that he would by no means choose for a condant. Harriet Martineau 1842 I lent mine ear and heard them sing , A simphonia to the King a .And every sh from shrimp to whales Danced jigs and played them with their tails. Poem in Honour of James IIs Coronation 1685 I have never felt that the contemplation of the past with the knowledge that it cannot come again need be a source of sorrow. The emotion is like that aroused by looking through an album of old photographs which recall happy days and if we nd among them the faces of friends who are no more we are glad to be reminded of the aection we felt for them. . . .. Life has been good to me and I am grateful. My delight in it is as keen as ever and I will thankfully accept asmany more years as may be granted. But I am fond of change and have welcomed it even when uncertain whether it would be for the better; so, although I am very glad to be where I am, I shall not be too distressed when the summons comes to go away. Autumn has always been my favourite season, and evening has been for me the pleasantest time of day. I love the sunlight but I cannot fear the coming 53

of the dark. Du Cooper: Old Men Forget, London; Rupert Hart-Davis 1953 Dr Barrow, that excellent, pious and most learned man, divine, mathema tician, poet, traveller and most humble person preached at Whitehall to the household, on Luke XX 27, of love and charity to our neighbours. John Evelyn, Diary 25 Apr. 1675 Both sides condently appealed to Jehovah; and the Most High, nding so little to choose between them in faith and zeal, must have allowed purely military factors to prevail. Winston Churchill, on the battle of Dunbar (1650) .. there is no country where statesmen have been so much under the inuence of the past. . . .. Our laws and customs have never been lost in general and irreparable ruin. 1. Macaulay, History of England . . . John Le Carr; the man who has done more for moles in literature than any since Kenneth Grahame. . . Trevor Fishlock, The Times 27.11.79 After the fashion of oppressed segks they (the Puritans) mistook their own vindictive feelings for emotions o pity. 1. Macaulay, History of England, ch.1 . . . that large part of mankind who have religion enough to make them uneasy when they do wrong and not religion enough to keep them from doing wrong. . . . 1. Macaulay ibid ch VI The response from both Nato and the EEC to the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan makes me almost despair of freedom itself. Of course, no serious observer of the international scene would expect the French to behave in any way other than the most dishonourable that the situation permits, but the speech of M Francois-Poncet, in which he argues that as America did not normally supply butter to the Soviet Union the EEC would not be undermining the American position by keeping up its own sales of surplus butter, went even further than expectation. But the rest of the EEC, with the exception of Britain, behaved little better. It is clear that the discussion was largely based on the promise that the invasion was nothing to do with Europe, and that if the United States wanted to do something about 54

it, Europe had no higher duty than to refrain from actively hindering her eorts. Cest de son sein (the Royal Society) que sortirent de nos jours les decouvertes des toiles xes, sur la gometrie transcendante et cent autres inventions qui pouvraient a cet gard faire appeler ce sicle le Siecle des Anglais aussi bien que de Louis XIV Voltaire sicle de Louis XIV, Vol XIV God, in his wisdom, hath been pleased to load our declining years with many suerings, with diseases, and decays of nature, with the Death of many friends, and the ingratitude of more, sometimes with the loss or diminution of our fortunes, when our inrmities most need them, often with contempt from the world, and always with neglect from it, with the death our most hopeful or useful children, with a want of relish for all worldly enjoy ments, with a general dislike of persons and things, and though all these are very natural eects of increasing years, yet they were intended by the author of our being to wean us gradually from our fondness of life, the nearer we approach towards the end of it. Jonathan Swift, letter to a bereaved mother. The Vicar of Bray In good King Charles golden days When loyalty no harm meant A zealous HighChurchman was I And so I got preferment To teach my ock I never missd Kings were by God appointed And lost are those that dare resist Or touch the Lords anointed And this is law I will maintain Until my dying day, Sir That whatsoever King shall reign Ill still be the Vicar of Bray, Sir When Royal James possessd the crown And Popery came in fashion The penal laws I hooted down And read the Declaration The Church of Rome I found would t Full well my constitution And I had been a Jesuit But for the Revolution And this is is law. . . When William was our King declared To ease the nations grievance With this new wind about I steerd And swore to him allegiance Old principles I did revoke Set conscience at a distance Passive obedience was a joke A jest was nonresistance And this law. . . When royal Ann became our Queen The Church of Englands glory Another face of things was seen And I became a Tory Occasional conformists base 55

I blamed their moderation And thought the Church in danger was By such prevarication And this is law. . . When George in pudding-time came oer And moderate men looked big, Sir My principles I changed once more And so became a Whig, Sir And thus preferment I procured From our new faiths defender And almost every day abjured The Pope and the Pretender And this is law. . . Th illustrious house of Hanover And Protestant succession To them I do allegiance swear While they can hold possession For in my faith and loyalty I never more will falter And George my lawful King shall be Until the times do alter And this is law. . . 18th Century Song no connection at all, but Jane Austens father was Vicar of Bray Had they [our ancestors] been absorbed or amused as we are by the inexhaus- tible trivialities of the day, had their sense been dulled by speed, sport, luxury, and money making, they could never have taken consciously the dire decisions without which England would not have been preserved. W.S. Churchill, Life of Marlborough ChII. Anthony Hamilton . . . has penned some mischievous pages from which historians diligently fail to avert their eyes. Ibid. But what a way to write history! (About Macaulay). Ibid Ch VIII The most successful statesmen are those who know how by their actions or inactions to reconcile self-interest with correctitude (abt William of Orange) Ibid Ch CII. Men must be taught as if you taught them not And things unknown proposed as things forgot. ?? From all I hear of Leibniz he must be very intelligent and pleasant company in consequence. It is rare to nd learned men who are clean, do not stink and have a sense of humour. Liselotte (Madame) to Sophie of Hanover, 30 July 1705. So much water, so much fruit, unrelieved by any alcohol, turned his blood gangrenous by lowering the vital spirits, and weakened his digestion by nightly sweating. 56

St Simon abt Louis XIV. - cette passion genrale que la nation francaise a pour la gloire.. Montesquieu Lettres Persanes XCI. De tous les auteurs il ny en a point que je mprise plus que les compilateurs qui vont de tous cts chercher les lambeaux des ouvrages des autres, quils plaquent dans les leurs comme des pieces de gazon dans un parterre: ils ne sont point audessus de ces ouvriers dimprimerie qui rangent des caracteres, qui, combins ensemble, font un livre ou ils nont fourni que la main. Je vdhdrais quon respectat les livres originaux; et il me semble que cest une espece de profanation de tirer les pieces qui les composent du sanctuaire ou elles sont, pour les exposer a un mpris quelles ne mritent point. Ibid Lettre LXVI 1. Ci git le corps de Mme La Comtesse Ninon de LEnclos qui mourut a Idge de 85 ans. Elle fut renomme pour sa chastet pendant les dernieres annes de sa vie. Tombstone of Ninon de lEnclos. aber hier ist kein Kind sicher, denn die doktor hier haben der K8nigin schon fnf in die andere welt geholfen, das lezte ist vor drei wochen gestorben, and drei von Monsieur, wie er selber sagt seind auch so fort3 schickt worden. Liselotte to Fr. v. Harling 23.11.1672. Omnibus hoe vitium est cantoribus, inter amicos Ut numquam inducant animum cantare rogati; Iniussi nomquam desistant. Horace Satire. At Christmas I no more desire a rose Than wish a snow in Mays newfangled month. Loves Labours Lost I. A truant calf calls noisily Great obstinate! Vile veal! Thus dominating nervousness Through hoarding applepeel Mid August come, Mnenonic of initial letters of Roman Emperors:Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, Nero, Galba, Otho, Vitellius, Vespasian, Titus, Domitian, Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius, Marcus Aurelius, Comundus-- goes on to 36 emperors! J.J. Norwich Norma is as seless as I am Ron Palindrome by J.A. Lindon. 57

Sex at noon taxes. Palindrome by J.J. Norwich. These vital interests should render Great Britain the earnest and unyielding opponent of the Russian projects of annexation and aggrandise- ment Having come this far on the way to universal empire is it probable that this gigantic, swollen power will pause in its career? -- It would appear that the natural frontier of Russia runs from Danzig or perhaps Stettin to Trieste. And as sure as conquest follows conquest and annexation follows annexation so surely would the conquest of Turkey by Russia be only the prelude to the annexation of Hungary, Prussia, Galicia, and the ultimate realization of the Slavonic Empire. The arrest of the Russian scheme of annexation is a matter of the highest moment. In this instance the inter- ests of democracy and of England go hand in hand. New York Tribune, 12.4.1853, by its European correspondent, Karl Marx (quoted by J.J. Norwich). Use template to prepare 3564 pattern papers exactly the same size. It is less tedious to make them in batches as you work rather than all at once. From Patchwork by Helen Faireld 1980. By 1640 England produced three times as much coal as the rest of Europe put together. Christopher Hill, The C of Resolution. No accusation is more petulantly bandied about between rival races and rival generations than that of inhumanity. Each considers itself humane, because its anger is easily aroused against the cruelty of other places or times, yet the circumstances in every case must be carefully examined before this feeling of self-satised superiority can be rightly indulged. G.M. Trevelyan: England under the Stuarts. "The rest you know" End of Alistair Cookes broadcast on Nixons resignation recorded 24 hours before Nixons decision was known (7, August 1974) It will really not much matter in a decade from now whether we plan to produce rather more of this or less of that - the level of material welfare will soon be such that marginal changes in the allocation of re- sources will make little dierence to anyones contentment. Anthony Crosland: The Future of Socialism 1956, quoted in the Times 15.1.1981. Not for nothing has it been said of Mr (Roy) Jenkins that just before Nature made him she broke the mould. Bernard Levin, The Times 17.1.1981. A powerful sense of certainty pervades all that Macaulay wrote and there can be little doubt that this was strengthened by the absolute accu- racy of the facts which he could recollect. 58

MA Rarely before the the public been regaled with such language or treated to the opinions of a scholar so absolutely condent of the morality and wisdom of his judgements. Since Macaulay wrote, the prevalent mood of European Society has been one of doubt if not despair - and it is a mood that naturally enough is deeply antipathetic to Macaulays own. J.H. Plumb, Men & Places: Cresset Press 1963. The appearance of the French people deceived, however, most English travellers, used to a more apparent prosperity and to a more evenly graded wealth. J.H. Plumb: Sir Robert Walpole (about France at the end of Louis XIV wars. Sir Herbert Buttereld was a distinguished Cambridge historian but for whose profound inuence many other Cambridge historians would have been much more intelligible. - Edward Welbourne who preached the standards of the market town and the countryside and seems to have applied those of the village scold. 1. TrevorRoper in a review of M. Cowing: Religion & Public Doctrines in Modern England. The Listener 5.2.81. I take the view, and always have done, that if you cannot say what you have to say in 20 minutes, you should go away and write a book about it. Lord Brabazon, speech in the House of Lords, quoted in a letter in the Listener, 12.2.81. While men are gazing up to heaven, imagining after a happiness or fearing a hell after they are dead their eyes are put out, that they see not what is their birth rights, and what is to be done by them here on earth while they are living. Gerrard Kinstanleys Denunciation of Priests 1652. I think it were very convenient that all such as intend to marrye should live together in the same house some years of probation and if in all that time they never disagreed they should then be permitted to marry if they pleasd. But how few would doe it then! I doe not remember that I ever saw or heard of any couple that were bred up soe together, (as many you know are, that are designd for one another from Children) but they always disliked one another Extreamly and parted if it were left in theire Choise. Dorothy Osborne to Sir Wm Temple, Oct. 1653.

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He could hit any nail on the head, though which particular nail never seemed important to him. W.S. Churchill abt Bolingbroke, History of the English Speaking Peoples Bk VIII ch 1. With respect to the argument of State necessity, or a distinction which has been aimed at between State oences and others, the Common Law does not understand that kind of reasoning, nor do our books take notice of any such distinction. Lord Camden 1770: John Wilkes suit for damages against the Secre- tary of State. Gaul consists of three distinct regions, inhabited respectively by the Belgae, the Aquitani and a people who call themselves Celts but are known to us as Galli. Caesar De Bello Gallico BkI: Everyman Edition (Because noone could remember what the tres partes were) but see Gibbon Ch 1 who adds "the Narbonnese of Upper & Lower Germany. One of the sweetest smiles that ever animated the fate of mortal now diused itself over the countenance of Lord St Orville, as he fell at the feet of Julia in a deathlike swoon. A novel by Kitty Cuthbertson, quoted by G.O. Trevelyan in Life & Letters of Lord Macaulay. As Burckhardt said, we cannot know too many languages. We need them not so much in order to make ourselves understood as in order to understand. Michael Howard: Inaugural Lecture as Oxford Regius Professor Modern History, 1981. 1. B. Macaulay on Canvassing & Election Pledges. Letter 3.8.1832, quoted in G.0. Trevelyans Life & Letters of Lord Macaulay: Ch 5 (p.313) - I became aware that I might well be called upon to take the lead. The prospect neither excited nor alarmed me. I thought it would be by far the best plan. W.S. Churchill: The Second World War I Ch.38. The great and chief end of men uniting into commonwealths and putting themselves under government is the preservation of their property. 1. Locke: Two Treatises of Government Bkii Chix 124. If the Church of the Middle Ages was a kind of State, the State of the Tudors had some of the characteristics of a Church. R.H. Tawney: Religion and the Rise of Capitalism. Ch.1.

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Sir, they are a nation of convicts, and ought to be thankful for anything we allow them short of hanging I avoided talk with him for I had now formed a clear and settled opinion that the people of America were well warranted to resist a claim that their fellow-subjects in the mother country should have the entire comand of their fortunes, by taxing them without their consent. Boswell: Life of Johnson after the publication of Js pamphlet Taxation no Tyranny; An Answer to the Resolutions and Address of the American Congress (1775). Thou art a Retailer of Phrases And dost deal in Remnants of Remnants Like a Maker of Pincushions Congreve: Way of the World. To abolish a state, (ie slavery), which in all ages GOD has sanctioned, and man has continued, would not only be robbery to an innumerable class of our fellowsubjects; but it would be extreme cruelty to the African Savages, a portion of whom it saves from massacre, or intolerable bondage in their own country, and introduces into a much happier state of life. Boswell: Life of Johnson [- but Johnson wrote :" No man is by nature the property of another" and the above passage records BS disagreement] Nor is it, perhaps, as clear today as it seemed a century ago, that it has been an unmixed gain to substitute the criterion of economic expediency, so easily interpreted in terms of quantity and mass, for the conception of a role of life superior to individual desires and temporary exigencies, which was what the mediaeval theorist meant by "natural law". P.H. Tawney: Religion & the Rise of Capitalism Ch.1 (1926). Of all birds, the eagle alone has seemed to wise men the type of royalty not beautiful, not musical, not t for food, but carnivorous, greedy, hateful to all, the curse of all, and, with its great powers of doing harm, surpassing them in its desire of doing it. Erasmus: Adagia, quoted by R.H. Tawney. All armed prophets have conquered, and the unarmed ones have been destroyed. Injuries ought to be done all at one time, so that, being tasted less, they oend less: benets ought to be given little by little, so that the avour of them may last longer. Liberality exercised in a way that does not bring you the reputation for it, injures you. 1. Machiavelli: The Prince, Everyman Eds. Transl. by W.K. 61

Marriott. that mysterious scale of degrees on which good churchmen look with as much veneration as the Patriarch on the ladder up which he saw angels ascending. the cloisters, the organs, the painted glass, the withered mummies, the busts of great men, and the pictures of naked women, which attract visitors from every part of the Island to the banks of Isis and Cara. - and nearly every segtence is quotable in this Essay on The gondon University by T.B. Macaulay . Selected writings of T.B. Mac. U.W. 727 c.97 50. There is na workeman That can bothe worken wel and hastilie. This must be done at leisure parfaitlie. Chaucer. We are inclined to think that we shall best meet the wishes of our readers, if, instead of dwelling on the faults of this book, we attempt to give, in a way necessarily hasty and imperfect, our own View of the life and character of Mr Hastings. [There follow 6r pages on Warren Hastings, without further reference to the book under review]. T.B. Macaulay reviewing G.R. Gleigs Memoirs of the Life of Warren Hastings, 1841. Wash your ears well every morning, and blow your nose in your handkerchief whenever you have occasion; but, by the way, without looking at it afterwards. Lord Chestereld to His Son, 12 Nov. 1750 (when the latter was 18). full-bottomed wigs were contrived for the Duke of Burgundy to conceal his hump-back. Chestereld 6.6.1751. ask my friend lAbbe Sallier to recommend to you some meagre philomath, to teach you a little geometry and astronomy; not enough to absorb your attention, and puzzle your intellects, but only enoughto be zwmb grossly ignorant of either. I have of late been a sort of an astronome malgr moi, by bringing last Monday, into the House of Lords, a bill for reforming our present Calendar, and taking the New Style. Upon which occasion I was obliged to talk some astronomical jargon, of which I did not understand one word, but got it by heart, and spoke it by rote from a master. 62

Lord Chestereld to his Son (in Paris), 28 Feb. 1751 O.S. The French nation reasons freely, which they never did before, upon matters of religion and government - in short all the symptoms - previous to great changes and revolutions in Government, now exist, and daily in- crease in France. I am glad of it; the rest of Europe will be the quieter, and have time to recover. Ld. Chestereld 25.12.1753. Boswell, is a strange being, and, like Cambridge, has a rage of knowing anybody that was ever talked of. He forced himself on me at Paris 1. Walpole to Thos. Gray 18.2.1768. then rained near eightand-forty hours without intermission. My poor hay has not a dry thread to its back. I have had a re these three days. In short, every summer one lives in a state of mutiny and murmur, and I have found the reason. It is because we will aect to have a summer, and 10 we have no title to any such thing. Our poets learnt their trade of the Romans, and so adopted the terms of their masters. They talk of shady groves, purling streams, and cooling breezes, and we get sore throats and agues with attempting to realize these visions - Zephyr is a north-east wind, that makes Damon button up to the chin, and pinches Chloes nose till its red and blue; The best sun we have is made of Newcastle coal [We] make our houses clamber up hills to look at prospects. How our ancestors would laugh at us, who knew there was no being comfortable, unless you had a high hill before your nose, and a thick warm wood at your back! 1. Walpole to G. Montagu 15.6.1768. Boswell, that quintessence of busybodies 1. Walpole to Rev. Wm. Mason 22.J.81 Burke had far more shining abilities than solid conduct, and being dazzled by his own wit and eloquence, expected that those talents would have the same eect on others. 1. Walpole, Memoirs 1769.

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has made me often reect that nations are most commonly saved by the worst men in it. The virtuous are too scrupulous to go to the lengths necessary to rouse the people against their tyrants. 1. Walpole (abt Wilkes) 1762. The amusements of lawyers are not the elegant exercise of genius and the ne arts, which would unt them for their dry business. Their entertainment consists in solid eating and drinking, and in rude and boisterous merriment, after which they return to their work like a horse after his corn. 1. Boswell Journal 21.12.1764. He came to my country, and he fetched me some letter of recommending him; but I was of the belief he might be an impostor, and I supposed, in my minte, he was an espy; for I look away from him, and in a moment I look to him again, and I behold his tablets. Oh! he was to the work of writing down all I say! Indeed I was angry. But soon I discover he was no impostor and no espy; and I only nd I was myself the monster he had come to discern. Oh, - is a very good man; I love him indeed, so cheerful! so gay! so pleasant! but at the rst, oh! I was indeed angry. Gen Paoli about James Boswell, Fanny Burneys Diary 15. Oct. 1782. - arose at six oclock in the morning and by the pale blink of the moon we went to the seaside, where we had bespoke the bathingwomen to be ready for us, and into the ocean we plunged. It was cold, but pleasant. I have bathed so often as to lose my dread of the operationFanny Burney, Diary. At Brighton 20. Nov 1782. I feel sorry to be named or remembered by that biographical, anec- dotical memorandummer (Boswell). Fanny Burney Diary 26.2.8787. Many thousands of you who applied for our Coronation Tea Set will be interested to know that we have now made arrangements to supply this tea set to you in three alternative forms. Firstly: with the picture of Edward VIII on the breadand-butter plate, as originally announced. Secondly: with a picture of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth on the breadand-butter 11 plate. Thirdly: for those readers who would like to have the tea set and breadandbutter plates bearing the picture of Edward VIII and King George VI and Queen Elizabeth, we are prepared to supply the tea set and both 64

breadandbutter plates for an extra 6d., making your total remittance 5s instead of 4s 6d, as the amount to be sent with the completed Order Form. Womans Illustrated 1937, quoted in K. Martin: The Crown and the Establishment 1962. Can that which is unsavoury be eaten without salt? Or is there any taste in the white of an egg? Job V1.6 Rain Washes Out Open Day at Sewage Works Anglian Water Authority ocials blame the poor turn-out on gusty rain which washed the Open Day down the drain. Cambridge Evening News 28.9.1981. It is easy to turn yards into metres, see p14 if in doubt just write to us (All dimensions given in inches) Postal Shopping Catalogue 1979. The various modes of worship, which prevailed in the Roman world, were all considered by the people, as equally true; by the philosopher, as equally false; and by the magistrate, as equally useful. Gibbon Decline & Fall chII. If you try to set forth in a catalogue what will be the exact settle- ment of aairs you will nd that the moment you leave the area of pious platitude you will descend into the area of heated controversy. W.S. Churchill, quoted by Bernard Shaw in Everybodys Political Whats What? 22 acknowledged concubines and a library of 62000 volumes attested the variety of his inclinations. Gibbon D & F Ch. VII about the younger Gordian. The professions of law and physic are of such common use and certain prot, that they will always secure a sucient number of practitioners. id ibid Ch XIII. I sat down in my bath upon a sheet of thick ice which broke in the middle into large pieces whilst sharp points and jagged edges stuck all round the edge of the tub like chevaux de-frise , not particularly 4 comforting to the naked thighs and loins, for the keen ice cut like broken glass. The ice water stung and scorched like re. I had to collect the oating pieces of ice and pile them on a chair before I could use the sponge and then I had to thaw the sponge in my hands for it was a mass of ice. Rev. Francis Kilvert: Diary 25 Dec. 1870 quoted by A.L. Le Quesne: After Kilvert OUP 1978. barbed-wire entanglement (Petit Larousse) How I wish I could calculate pie (3 1 4 1 5 9 3 letters) From the Faber Book of Useful Verse 1981, ed. Simon Brett. 65

12 They, who will not believe anything to be reasonably designed, except it be successfully executed, had need of a less dicult game than mine is. Charles II, June 1653. But it had its pleasures, the old dark ride [in a coach in winter]. First there was the consciousness of silent endurance, so dear to every Englishman, Thos. Hughes: Tom Browns Schooldays. A Life Peer is a Lord who does not pass on when he dies. Lord Hume 1981. He obliged the literary men to respect their countrys lawful government, not to reveal to the enemy the weak points in our defence, not to lead the peoples imagination astray. 1. Masson: Napolon chez lui 1894. The houses of the Tartars are no more than small tents, of an oval form, which aord a cold and dirty habitation for the promiscuous youth of both sexes. Gibbon D & F of the Roman Empire ch26. the dierent oors, and apartments, of the same house were divided, as it is still the custom of Paris, and other cities, among several families of plebeians. ibid ch 31. In the course of a busy and interesting narrative I might possibly forget to mention the death of such a prince (Honorius, whom Gibbon regards as contemptible) and I shall therefore take the precaution of observing, in this place, that he survived the last siege of Rome about thirteen years. ibid ch.31. ome men yery easily make iam. Sun Mnemonic giving the order of the planets: Sun, Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune [Pluto]. Geneve, triste sejour du travail et de la discorde Edward Gibbon, letter to Deyverdon, 1783. Dr Whyte suggests that at the roots of modern architecture was a concern less with function and purpose and more with millenarianism than is generally supposed and that the underlying political ideology was not Marxist or evolutionary, but anitpopularist, elitist, and undemocratic. C.U.P. Catalogue entry on I.B. Whyte: Bruno Taut and the Architecture of Activision 1982.

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It is the duty of a patriot to prefer and promote the exclusive in- terest and glory of his native country; but a philosopher may be permitted to enlarge his views, and to consider Europe as one great republic, whose various inhabitants have attained almost the same level of politeness and cultivation. The balance of power will continue to uctuate, and the prosperity of our own, or the neighbouring Kingdoms, may be alternately exalted or depressed; but these partial events cannot essentially injure our general state of happiness, the system of arts, and laws, and manners, which so advantageously distinguish, above the rest of mankind, the Europeans and their colonies. 13 Should the victorious barbarians carry slavery and desolation as far as the Atlantic ocean, ten thousand vessels would transport beyond their pursuit the remains of civilized society; and Europe would revive and ourish in the American world. Gibbon, D & F of the Roman Empire Ch.38 (1781) A Motorway is a fast road between trac jams. Juan Bordas 1982 Mankind is a catalysing enzyme for the transition from a carbonbased to a siliconbased intelligence. Grard Bricogne 1980. - I was once bit by a dog most vehemently suspected of madness. Edward Gibbon Autobiographical Memoir C. (So there was rabies in 18thC England!) Another damnd thick, square book! Always scribble, scribble, scrib- ble! Eh? Mr Gibbon? Duke of Gloucester, 1781, on being presented with Vols 2 & 3 of D&F At the eighth period [of Halleys comet] their (Bernoulli, Newton & Halleys) calculations may perhaps be veried by the astronomers of some future capital in the Siberian or American wilderness. Gibbon, D & F Ch XLIII. . . . the pope asserted, most probably with truth that a linen which had been sanctied in the neighbourhood of his (St Pauls) body, or the lings of his chain - possessed an equal degree of miraculous virtue. Gibbon D & F Ch XLV A reformer should be exempt from the suspicion of interest and he must possess the condence and esteem of those whom he proposes to reclaim. ibid ch 46, . . . the works of allegory and metaphysics [of Cyril of Alexandria] whose remains in seven verbase folios now peaceably slumber by the side of their rivals. ibid ch 47. 67

Unskilful and unfortunate in war, Nicophorus was vanquished by the Saracens, and slain by the Bulgarians; and the advantage of his death overbalanced, in the public opinion, the destruction of a Roman army. ibid ch 48. We have in our neighbourhood one of those nothoroughfare lanes or courts, of which Voltaire wanted to change the indelicate name they bear in French [cul de sac] with that of impasse An American in Regency England: Louis Simond, ed. Chr. Hibbert London: Robert Maxwell. [He] was a printer, who had been there (in Newgate prison) two years for striking for wages, and has one or two more years to stay. Three or four years connement in Newgate, for a confederacy of journeymen to have their wages raised, seem to me most excessive, especially as their employers 14 may confederate as much as they please among themselves for the reduction of wages. Ibid. The judges passed the sentence of the law, which is transportation for life. The prisoner may have to wait two years in prison for a full cargo for Botany Bay (The oence was culpable homicide). Ibid. For a few months during the Cultural Resolution, the Red Guards in Peking decided that trac lights would be more revolutionary if red meant go and green stop: some lights were altered, others left as they were Philip Short in The Listener 8.4.82. It is from the letters and reports of a public man in India that the dispensers of patronage form their estimate of him. In this country, we sometimes hear men speak above their abilities. It is not very unusual to nd gentlemenl in the Indian service who write above their abilities. The English politician is a little too much of a debater; the Indian politician a little too much of an essayist. T.B. Macaulay Warren Hastings: Edinburgh Rev Oct 1841. . . . the battles won by lessons of tactics may be numbered with the epic poems created from the roles of criticism. Gibbon D & F Cl.53 . . . from which the corrupt names of Archipelago, lArchipel, and the Arches (for the Aegean) have been transformed. . . Gibbon D & F Ch 53 Footnote. In modern Europe, the power of the sword is possessed - by ve or six mighty potentates; their operations are conducted on a distant frontier, by an order of men who devote their lives to the study and practice of the military art; the rest of the country and community enjoys in the midst of 68

war the tranquillity of peace, and is only made sensible of the change by the aggravation or decrease of the public taxes. Gibbon D & F Ch 53. . . . that Dick Whittingtons cat . . . was no fourfooted friend but a grimy little collier from the North on which his fortunes were embarked. Footnote in H.C. Cameron: Sir Joseph Banks Sydney 1952: Angus & Robertson .. the loss [by Catholic clergy of the right to marry] is compensated by dignity or annihilated by age. Gibbon D & F Ch 60. It was among the ruins of the capitol that I rst conceived the idea of a work which has amused and exercised near twenty years of my life and which, however inadequate to my own wishes, I nally deliver to the curiosity and candour of the public. Gibbon D & F Ch 71 (End of the History). I have made some observations in this matter so long that when I meet with a young fellow that is a humble admirer of these sciences, but more 15 dull than the rest of the company, I conclude him to be a Fellow of the Royal Society. Tatler 12.10.1710, attributed to Steele. Quoted in H.C. Common: Sir Joseph Banks. the prodigious prots that would arise from the transmission of information . . . might prove the origin of a revenue . . . as greatly productive as that of the Post Oce. Captain Wm. Ricketts RN 7.7.1811 (on a scheme for an electric telegraph). Misc Mss Royal Society V1.82. . . . it is evident that Harwood meant to bring the FRS to market. His election however to the Professorship of Anatomy at Cambridge saves our bacon. Letter from Dr Blagden Sec R.S. 30.10.1785, quoted by H.C. Cameron. . . . a historical canvas is necessarily crowded, and readers who are afraid of crowds should keep to the better-ordered lanes of ction. 1. Runciman Introduction to The Sicilian Vespars CUP 1958. Es scheint mir, dass der Versuch der Natur, auf dieser Erde ein denkendes Wesen hervor zubringen, gescheitert ist. Max Born in H & M Born: Der Luxus des Gegssens 1969 Nymphenburgverlag Munich, (introducing several pages of profound pessimism about 69

the future of Man because Naturwissenschaft und Technik die sittlichen/ Grondlage der Zivilisation vielleicht fr immer zerstBrt haben . . . Uniformity of Nature would never occur to anyone who worked in a laboratory. Attributed to J.J. Thomson. Diese Abwertung der Ethik ist die Folge der Lnge und Kompliziertheit des Weges zwischen einer menschlichen Betatgung und ihrem Endeekt. Die meisten Arbeiter Kennen lediglich ihren Speziellen Kleinen Handgri in einem speziellen Abschnitt des Produktionsprocesses und sehen Kaum jemals das vollstndige ErzeghnE,NaturiHss fhlen sie sich nicht verantwortlich fr dieses Produkt oter fur seine Verwendong. Max Born v.s. (Has this become increasingly true of scientic research also?) Shipton and Tilman are resting on a ledge in the high Himalaya after a particularly arduous traverse. Shipton: We have climbed many mountains together in Africa and in Asia. We have depended on each other in many dangerous situations. You have saved my life. I have saved yours. Is it not time that you called me Eric? Tilman: No Shipton: Why? Tilman (after some thought): Because its such a damned silly name. High Mountains and Cold Seas A Biography of H.W. Tilman, by J.R.L. Anderson: London Gollancz 1980. (From which book I also learned that John Auden, brother of W.H. Auden, was a Himalayan climber. cf Auden & Isherwood The Ascent of F6!). Passing Penguin Island the place where the birds were rst so called by a Welshman sailing with Sir Thomas Cavendish in the sixteenth century, pen gwyn being welsh for white head. ibid. 16 The " Gentlemans Magazine founded in 1731 by Edward Cave as a store house of ammunition for social life. John Caswell: From Revolution to Revolution England 1688-1776. [England is] a country satised with her own wealth, and in no need to trade. Chief Justice Jereys 168? quoted in John Carswell: From Revolution to Revolution; Routledge & Kegan Paul 1973. . . . the best constitution and the best King any nation was ever blessed with Benjamin Franklin, 1768 - and similar praises of George III to Samuel Cooper, 27.4.69. 70

Though the Apostles, for wise reasons, were chosen from among men of low birth and parentage, yet times and circumstances are so changed that persons of noble extraction, by coming into the Church, may add strength and ornament to it; especially so long as we can boast of some who are honour- able in themselves as well as in their families. Bishop Newton, 1760 quoted by J. Carswell V.S. Well if I were Prince Charles, I expect I would remember our wedding anniversary. 29.7.82 & . Gar bequesm/pucht einem Fremden der mit breiten Steinen gepasterte Weg an beiden Seiten der Strassen denn Kein Rad darf nur um einen Fingerbreit hinber Kommen. Indess erfordent die Hbicheit, eine Dame - nicht etwa wie bei uns, immer zur Rechten, sondern anfder Seite der Hagar - gehen zu lassen weil diese die bequemste und sichEEte ist. F Karl Philipp Moritz, Reisen eines Deutschen in England in Jabr 1782. (Were there no pavements in Berlin ?). Liessen wir uns [vonwschie] Eycht weit hinter Dartford, das noch 16 Meilen von London liegt, in einem Boote ans Land setzen. Diess thut man - weil wegen der erstaunlichen Menge von Schien oft verschiedene Tage erfordert werden ehe ein Schi sich durcharbeiten kann. ibid. - dass die Englischen Klassischen Schiftsteller, ohne alle Vergleichung, huger gelesen werden als die Deutschen - ibid. dieses Vorurtheil gegen die Juden habe ich in England weit huger als bei uns bemerkt. ibid. Sir, your letter is before me, and in a few minutes it will be behind me is attributed to C.J. Fox see Loren Reid: Charles James Fox Longmans 1969. 17 the streets, with constant sweeping, are t to walk in, though there is no paved footpath. Benjamin Franklin, letter to Miss Mary Stevenson, 14.9.1767 (cf. K.P. Moritz) IQ. H. ohms} Better than the alternative Clem Attlee, on being asked how he liked being eighty years old. It would certainly be far better policy to substitute for tea, which must be brought from China, the coee which grows in the English colonies: such a 71

change might, perhaps, tend to diminish that alarming consumption of wine which occasions in this country so many diseases and especially so many excesses caused by drunkeness. 1. Faujas de St.Fond: A Journey through England and Scotland to the Hebrides in 1784. In general, the English have many more servants than we have all of them being required in View of the high standard of cleanliness. Fr. de la Rochefoucauld: Melanges sur lAngleterre A Frenchman in England 1784 ed J. Marchand, tr. S.C. Roberts. What is really meant is not "happiness" but "liberty", but from the English point of view these two words mean nearly the same thing. ibid. But what is really remarkable is that there is no word in English which expresses the meaning of je mennuie ibid (S.C. Roberts notes that the phrase I am bored had hardly become comon in 1784) (According to G. Madan bored was invented by Byron) English labourers do their work in a very casual way taking frequent rests and talking a great deal a French workman does nearly a fth more work in a day than an English man ibid (Heine, 50 years later is awed by the hard work of the English!) Is there in the world anything so wearisome as the English Sunday? ibid. in a Frenchmans eyes the King of England is no king at all ibid The right of not being arrested save for felony is peculiar to England. ibid. In the 27 miles between Bury and Cambridge there are four - tollhouses you pay a total of 27 English pence - simply for the use of the road. ibid. In every county, every town, and every country place in England there are clubs. [Some of these] are associations of people interested in, and enthusiasts for, the same branch of art or some subject suitable for discussion. The third kind of club is of greater advantage to the class of small labourers whom we call peasants In the inn in which meetings are 18 held there is a box into which the club members put their money [They] pay every week a sum - towards providing the three or four shillings a week which the club pays to its sick members. 7 ibid Hence, "being on the club"! 72

The Duke [of Windsor, in 1940] had enjoyed being Prince of Wales and wanted his old job back. John Vaizey, Listener 7.10.62. For America is, in certain ways, a refrigerator in which British ideas and institutions are preserved long after they have been forgotten in this country. Sir L. Napier,Ford Lectures 1934. Burglar groom George Graham, aged 29, of Sandway Crescent, Norris Green, Liverpool, who left his wedding reception to burgle the home of a guest, was jailed for nine months after pleading guilty at Birkenhead Crown Court yesterday. Times 23.10.62 I was of the opinion that the formation of a Government in which Her Majesty would have condence was of much greater importance than the opinions of any individual on the Corn Laws, or any other law. Duke of Wellington, 1846. 0 George Peacock has sent me a sophisticated bit of special pleading proving, he hopes, that he must never weed his garden again. The Wildlife and Countryside Act, he says, stipulates that only an "authorized person" may uproot wild plants, and one cannot authorize oneself. Peacock thinks he could seek permission from the local authority, but says he much prefers to authorize his fatherinlaw to get on with the job, PHS The Times 6.11.82 England knows nothing of separate cooking for the servants, who partake of all courses sampled by the masters, the latter having rst choice and the servants what remains. Sophie v. La Roche (Sophie in London 1756, trs Clare Williams; J. Cape 1933) (At Covent Garden) a man in the pit called out to an actor in the midst of the play "stop!" The actor was silent: the man said someone was ill, and must be got out. All are quite calm - Finally the man shouts "Go on!" and the actors nished their parts. Neither the King nor the great ones looked impatient: all waited quietly till the suerer had been removed. ibid. He (Sir Hans Sloane) immediately addressed us in French, which was most amazing for an Englishman, for they would rather appear dumb than converse with a foreigner in any language than their own, even if they should be quite capable of doing so. Z.C.VUenback: London in 1710 trs. W.H. Quarrell & M. Mare. London 1934. 73

[the members of the Royal Society] are none but apothecaries and other such people who know scarce a word of Latin. ibid. 19 for [as a foreigner] one is forced to act the deaf and dumb man on account of the desperately hard language, and, above all the pronunciation of which every foreigner complains, even if he imagines he is far advanced in the language and can read everything. ibid. Sg,l1 .ein._,_.9r_., .I7.9.;Ln.elge111L9,I$lisnhel.zggrache" . ; "#AVMowadays, to be intelligible is to be 3EHH"6Ef"**t~ Oscar Wilde Quoted at the Head of chapter on Scientic Communication in J. Zimans The Force of knowledge CUP 1976. The best never comes; the second best comes too late. 1. Watson-Watt (about radar systems) Quoted in Ziman V.S. The end of a novel, like the end of a childrens dinner party, must be made of sweetmeats and sugar-plums. Last ch. of Trollopes Barchester Towers. Es ist gewiss eine schreckliche Ungerechtigkeil Uber ein ganzes Volk das Verdamungsurteil auszusprechen. Doch in betre der Englnder Knnte mich der augenblickliche Unmut zu dergleichen verleiten, und beim Anblick durch Masse vergesse ich leicht die vielen wackeren und edlen Manner die sich durch Geist und Freiheitsliebe ausgezeichnet Die Masse, die StockenglHnderGott verzeih mir die Snde! sind mir in tiefster Seele zuwider, und manchmal betrachte ich sie gar nicht als meine Mitmenschen, sondern ich halte sie fr leidige Automaten, fr Maschinen, deren inwendige Triebfeder der Egoismus 1. Heine Resideholizen 17.9.1842 Rsenodaem - es (an automaton constructed by an English mechanic) trug in der ledernen Brust sogar eine Art menschlichen Gefhls, das Von den gewhnlichen Gefhlen der Englnder nicht gar u verschieden war, es konngsgin artiku liegten T8nen seine Empnndungmvitteilen, und eben das Gerun der inner n Rader, Raspeln und Schrauben, das man dann vernahm, gab diesen T8nen eine echt englische Aussprache; kurz, dieser Automat war ein vollendeter Gentle- man, und zu einen echtem Menphschen fehlte ihm gar nichts als eine Seele. 1. Heine Zur Geschichte der Religiion und Philosophie in Deutschland

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Buch III. He (Lord Marchmont) is far from contented with the Royal Society here, and says that the matters discussed there are of so little importance that he could not advise me to attend. G.C. Lichtenberg, letter to C.G. Heyne 17.4.1770 in Lichtenbergs Visits to England trs by M.L. Mare & W.H. Quarrell, Oxford 1938. I have seen many beautiful females in my day: but since reaching England I have seen as many as in all the rest of my life. id., letter to J.C. Dieterich 19.4.1770. What great things man will at length achieve with a magnetic needle, a Harrison clock, and a load of pickled cabbage! (About Cooks second voyage also other comments on the voyage from the viewpoint of Johann Reinhold Forster). id Letter to J.A. Schernhagen 16.10.1775. 20 my street is enveloped in so thick a cloud of coal smoke that - I am writing by the light of a candle at half past ten in the morning. id Letter to J.C. Dieggich 16.11.1775 And what is more dull than a discreet diary? One might just as well have a discreet soul. Chips: The Diaries of Sir Henry Channon ed. R. Rhodes James 26.6.1935 It is very dicult to spend less than 200 a morning when one goes out shopping. ibid 27.9.1935 - at Dunkirk time the King (and) the Chief Rabbi had chatted. The Rabbi, while assuring the monarch that all would nally be well added that All the same, Sir, I should put some of the Colonies in your wifes name! ibid (Churchill) had said Since the English occupation of India the native population has increased by a hundred million. Since the American War of Independence, the Red Indian population has practically died out. ibid After he (Churchill) had sat down he began to search for something; and dgetted so much that Gaitskell, who was speaking for the Government, asked what was the matter. Winston rose very gravely and solemnly announced I was only looking for a ju-jube. ibid. As she is played From Mr James Trainer

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Sir, Mr Ignarskis succinct history of international cricket in Germany (January 13) perhaps helps explain the lexicographical mystery of the proliferation of cricketing terms in Collinss excellent new Germany dic- tionary. It must be the Heidelberg press cricket correspondent (Johann Waldschnepfe?) who nds a use for those crisp phrases ausgeschlagen whrend der Schlagmann seinen Laufgmachte ("run out") and wirgewannen und hatten vigr Sghlagmnner nggh night in Einsatz gehabt ("we won by four wickets"). And why is German cricket so dominated by slow bowling? The only bowling styles listed by the dictionary(s compilers are the curious gedrehter Bgll ("googly") and the surely illegal Werfer, dgrldgm Sal; einen Drall gibt ("spin bowler"). No great imagination would have been needed to add a Chinese (Presumably a Gastwerfer?) and Federal Railway terminology suggests D-Werfer for fast bowlers. In the eld Collins oers only Torwchter ("wicketkeeper") and Eckmann ("slip elder"). New light on Eckmanns Gesprche? One assumes that the European Institute for Molecular Biology scored most of their runs with the Treibschlag ("drive") or even the abortive odrive, the unlisted Abtreibschlag. In der Kleme sein ("to be on a sticky wicket") is surely art imitating cricket. The denition Egg sgin, ggil seine Rgige ggn einem grf getroen wurden ("to be out lbw") was obviously supplied by the current Australian umpires. (Times, Jan. 1983) Yours sincerely, James Trainer, 5 Pathfoot Avenue, Bridge of Allan, Stirling, 21 Was die Deutschen betrit, so bedrfen sie weder der Freiheit noch der Gleichheit. (sie leben] nur in der Vergangenheit und in der Zukunft und [haben] keine Gegenwart. Englnder und Franzosen haben eine Gegenwart. Der Englnder liebt die Freiheit wie sein rechtmassiges Vib - Der Franzose liebt die Freiheit wie seine erwhlte Braut Der Deutsche liebt die Freiheit wie seine alte Grossmutter. 1. Heine Englische Fragmente Wenn man mit dem dmmsten Englnder ber Politik spricht, so wird er doch immer etwas Vermnftiges zu sagen wissen. Sobald man aber das Gesprch auf Religion lenkt, wird der gescheiteste Englnder nichts als Dummheiten zutage frdern. ibid 76

(Heine disliked England and the English; he worshipped Napoleon and could never forgive England for the victory of 1815 and for her treatment of his hero). From Georey Madans Notebooks; eds J. A. Gere and J. Sparrow. Oxford:1981. I1 chte cher pour etre raisognablez il en cohte la jeunesse Mme de la Fayette Horsesense is something a horse has that prevents him betting on people. Father Matthew . Lord Birkenhead is very clever, but sometimes his brains go to his head. Margot Asquith. A man cannot become young by overexerting himself. Jowett Research is a mere excuse for idleness. Jowett This question, unlike the platform at the railway station at which we have just arrived, has two sides to it. R.A. Konox, at the Cambridge Union. The mysterious grain-elevating building, close to the station, which I always think of as Balliol College, Cambridge. Phillip Guedalla, ibid. Men and Women become good husbands and good wives from the necessity of remaining husbands and wives. Lord Stowell, cited by Gladstone 1879. You can trust all Englishmen except those who talk French. Bismarck Never be afraid to think yourself t for anything for which your friends think you t. Samuel Johnson. 22 An expert is one who knows so much about so little that he neither can be contradicted, nor is worth contradicting. Henry Ward. compare with An expert is someone who persuades others to pay him for understanding a language which he has invented himself. 1. Wesfbourne. The surgeons with a rare, and recent, knack Take any organ out and put it back. A.P. Herbert How like the happy sheep we pass At random through the green, For ever in the longest grass, But never in between! A.P. Herbert (on golf) Give me a little ham and egg And let me be alone, I beg,

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Give me my tea, hot, sweet and weak Bring me The Times and do not speak. A.P. Herbert. Also, the famous Lines on a Book Borrowed from the Ships Doctor, written in 1927 or 1928 by A.P.H, printed in A.P.H, His Life and Times by A.P. Herbert: Heinemann 1970 p.65. Has it occurred to you, dear Donald, that there could be a reason? Romola Oddie, to a young music don, who had boasted that the work about to be performed by his College Music Society had not been performed for 200 years! (It hadnt occurred to him!). The literary instinct may be known by a mans keeping a small notebook in his waistcoat pocket, into which he jots down anything that strikes him, or any good thing he hears said, or a reference he thinks will come in useful to him. . Samuel Butler - The Way of All Flesh. No gentleman can be without three copies of a book, one for show, one for use, and one for borrowers. Richard Heber (1773-1833), quoted by Osbert Sitwell in Left Hand, Right Hand London: MacMillan 1945 To her, [Lady Rainclie] music was divided into two main bodies, "tunes" and "no tunes". Osbert Sitwell l.c. Upon a Sunday morning my father was walking round the lake which is shaped like an hourg1ass or a gureof-eight, and a bridge spans its waist. On this bridge my father [Sir George Sitwell] met Arthur Waley [the translator of Chinese Poetry, and a house guest] advancing towards him. Each took o his hat ceremoniously and said to the other "How much I wish we were going in the same direction!" and passed on. Half an hour later they met again in the same place - and repeated the salutation. Osbert Sitwell, l.c. 23 So that you may know, however, how my illness started, I must tell you that in England there is a kind of native complaint, which called a cold. This so-called cold in the case of people who are not constitutionally sound, Becomes so dangerous that in many cases it develops into a consump- tion as they call it here; but I call it febrem lentam; and the wisest course for such people to adopt is to leave England and cross the sea; and many instances can be found of people recovering their health on leaving this country. Leopold Mozart, letter in The Letters of Mozart and His Family trs Emily Anderson (MacMillan 1938). The Inheritance of Evil 93 The Consequences of Marrying a Deceased Wifes Sister. 78

Title of Novel by Mrs Frewin, 1849. All periods of history are periods of transition, but some are more transitional than others. Robert Blake: Disraeli. Eyre of Spolliswoode 1966. If thou wilt diligently hearken to the voice of the Lord thy God, and wilt do that which is right in his sight and wilt give ear to his command- ments, and keep all his statutes, I will put none of these diseases upon thee, which I have brought upon the Egyptians: for I am the Lord that healeth thee. Exodus 15.26. IBM; Annual Turnover $26.6 billion Switzerland; GNP $35.5 billion 1982 In clink (= in jail) comes from the prison attached to Winchester Palace, situated in Clink Street nr Southwark Cathedral. Times 12.3.83. - to ask why Gladstone was like a telescope; the answer being, because Disraeli draws him out, sees through him and shuts him up. Blake: Disrael. Rememeber Ulysses: ignore the sirens Gratto on Fire Warning Notice in U.L. The three great objects of a lawyer 1. To get on 2. To get onner 3. To get onest 4. Disraeli - in a letter to Lady Bradford 10.3.1875 (The Letters of Disraeli to Lady Bradford and Lady Chestereld. Ed. The Marquis of Zetland. 1. Benn Ltd, London 1929. What do you think was the number of Valentines distributed in the London District on the last day of the Saint? - It is incredible. A good bit above two millions! It cost nearly 100 for extra labor to distribute them, but the stamps cost 10,000 so there was enough to spare. I have the returns before me from the Post Oce 14,000 was, I believe, throughout the U.K. expended in extra labor. Disraeli to Lady Bradford 21.3.75 (In 1984 a BBC estimate was 35 million cards in the UK.) A 24 79

[Mr Liebricht] is the oculist who discovered the cause of all those outrageous eects which Turner produced in his pictures of late years - those wonderful yellows and distorted forms which his admirers kept on declaring were fresh triumphs of art and genius. The pupil of Turners eye was in a state of disorder and change but remediable. Disraeli to Lady Bradford 13.11.1875. Your readers will doubtless recall Gibbons account of the coronation of King Shapur II of Persia in AD309. Letter by J.J. Norwich, Times 19.4.83. Dear Mamma, I must write you a line because I know you will be so delighted that England has bought the Suez Canal. How jolly!! The future Wilhelm II to Queen Victoria 1876. When they [the ruins of Kenilworth Castle] rose up before me I found myself trembling, I know not why. I could not help tears coming. I had never in my life seen an old building. I had never seen a ruin. Henry Ward Beecher: Letters from Europe 1855. Quoted by Chr. Mulvey in AngloAmerican Landscapes, CUP 1982. nor can I lament that I desisted [from a study of mathematics], before my mind was hardened by the habit of rigid demonstration, so destruc- tive of the ner feelings of moral evidence 1. Gibbon Autobiography. We were then [in 1758] in the midst of a war: the resentment of the French at our taking their ships without a declaration had rendered that polite nation somewhat peevish and dicult: they denied a passage to English travellers. ibid. The review of my moral and literary character is the most interesting to myself and to the public. ibid. - the period of the full moon, which was usually reserved for our more distant excursions. ibid A matrimonial alliance has ever been the object of my terror rather than of my wishes. " ibid They fell into a panic. Having fullled during their lives the duties of administration, they were frightened because they were called upon, for the rst time, to perform the functions of government. Like all weak men they had recourse to what they called strong measures. about the administration of 1834 80

 Disraeli: Coningsby To us, with ourTimes newspaper every morning on our breakfast table, bringing on every subject which can interest the public mind a degree of information and intelligence which must form a security against any prolonged public misconception ibid 25 We may therefore visit on the lachess of this ministry the introduction of that new principle and power into our constitution which ultimately may absorb all - AGITATION (Disraelis capitals) ibid There was indeed a considerable shouting about what they called Conservative principles; but the awkward question naturally arose, what will you conserve? The @rogatives of the Crown, provided they are not exercised, the independence of the House of Lords, provided it is not asserted; the Ecclesiastical estate, provided it is regulated by a commission of laymen. Everything in short that is established, as long as it is a phrase and not a fact Conservatism discards Prescription, shrinks from Principle, disavows Progress; having rejected all respect for Antiquity, it oers no redress for the Present, and makes no preparation for the Future. ibid BKII Ch.VI there is no error so vulgar as to believe that revolutions are occa- sioned by economical causes. ibid I have slept on the ground in the Rocky Mountains in zero weather, but I never felt the need of a hot-water bottle in bed until I came to Cambridge. 1. Frank Dobie A Texan in England Hammond & Hammond, London 1945. The average Englishman would shrink from the idea of selling himself; on the other hand, because you do not want to buy the article, he will not discount a penny. ibid when Jeerson nominated the unalienable rights of man "to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness" he emphatically omitted property ibid All the following from Britain through American Eyes ed. H.S. Commager: Bodley Head 1974 - selections from American writers 1777-1948.

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[the cost of an extremely sensible balance] that would turn with one thousandth part of a grain [was] sixty guineas. Benjamin Silliman 1805 The pastoral writers of other countries appear as if they had paid Nature an occasional visit, and become acquainted with her general charms; but the British poets have lived and revelled with her they have wooed her in her most secret haunts - they have watched her minutest caprices. Washington Irving 1820 the remarkable scene of a [dissenting] clergyman standing without the paling [of a churchyard] in the street or highway, performing funeral obsequies by stealth, and in evasion of the law, over one of his own people, whose friends are assembled around the grave within. Calvin Colton 1831 26 "Do you really mean to say that in America the great merchants daughter does not look down on the little grocers daughter?" "Perhaps, the great merchants daughter does look down, but very certainly the little grocers daughter does not look up". Adam Badeau ca 1870. This solid selfcondence and pride of nationality, this extraordinary content with the image reected in the mirror of selfesteem -- Edwin Whipple 1884. And I trust that, through the mediation and merits of our blessed Redeemer, you may there experience that mercy which a due regard to the credit of the paper currency of the country forbids you to hope for here. Judge, after condemning to death the forger of a 1 note. Quoted by Whipple. During the following two years on the continent nothing among the beggars of South Italy nor among the saltmines of Austria carried with it the same conviction of human wretchedness which was conveyed by this momen- tary glimpse of an East London Street. Jane Addams 1883 (typical of many American comments in the 19th and even 20th centuries). V to be the father or mother or sister of a great cricketer or football player is a prouder distinction than to be related to a prize scholar. Bret Harte 1889. In England there is as little possible reward for services rendered after the election as there is actual bribery for services rendered before the election. Richard Harding Davis 1894.

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domestic economy in England is devised for making the men as capable as possible of doing their work. The home is not a playhouse for the women and their friends, nor a grownup nursery for the mother and the children, but a place of rest and comfort in which men may renew their strength. Price Collier 1895. The percentage of men - who devote themselves to some hobby is overwhelmingly greater than with us who are players at cricket, golf, ereket & tens or rowing)who collect books prints or autographs, Japanese curios or odd bits of procelain who are studying an ancient or modern language who climb mountains who go in for hunting, shooting, shing, botany or geology who study some branch of archaelogy -- id (About a destitute man to whom he gave a shilling) If his need had apparently been less dire I might have made it a sovereign but one must not y in the face of Providence which is probably not illadvised in choosing certain of us to be reduced to absolute destitution. William Dean Howells 1905. A thing one feels more and more irritatingly in England is that, while with other foreigners we stand on common ground where we may be as unlike them as we choose, with the English we always stand on English ground, where I .vxrV\.S 27 we can dier only at our peril, and to our disadvantage. A person speaking English, and bearing an English name, had better be English, for if he cannot it shows, it proves, that there is something wrong in him. William Dean Howells : Seven English Cities, 1909. The Oxford "rst" has an admirable command of language and a brilliant style that comes from writing to impress clever people. He can make less knowledge go further, and write what he has to say far better, than the summa ggm lggde men of American Universities - Full of selfcondence, he is ready to bring up any subject in the world for you in two weeks; inordinately proud of the thing he does not know, the humbling process takes at best a long time, and if he becomes a fellow at Oxford, sometimes never takes place at all. Samuel Eliot Morison in the Spectactor 7th and 14th November 1925 pp 811, 866. [quoted in full by Comager and full of wisdom. Capetown, Calcutta and Peking are not merely far-o foreign cities which creep into the news occasionally as centres of political disturbance, but places where "Tom" or "Dick" or "Harry" is stationed. 83

James Truslove Adams 1927. [The Times] editorial comment tells the reader exactly what he already thinks in words which seem to him exactly what he would have used if he could have thought of them. Vincent Sheehan 1939 For more than a century and a half Americans have been busy describing the English. That they have so largely repeated each other is a comment on a persistence of national traits almost monotonous. 1. S. Commager, 1949. (He then summarises the descriptions in a most perceptive manner, but almost everything he said in 1948 is no longer true in 1933). The following from the anthology: Strange Island. Britain through Foreign Eyes 1395-1940 compiled and edited by Francesca M. Wilson, Ldgmans, Green & Co. 1955. Wives in England are entirely in the power of their husbands when they marry they give up the surname of their father. 1. van Meteren, Nederlands Histoir 1575. His Majesty has by the (the foundation of the R.S.) made it plainly appear that he knows the true way to attain solid glory. Sorbiere A Voyage to England 1663. Ah, what an excellent thing is an English pudding! Misson de Valbourg 1690. A sensible Englishman speaks of himself, his rank and his dignity, with modesty; but he talks of his country with pride, and a kind of enthusiasm; whilst on the contrary, a German ne gentleman seems to be enamoured with his person, his rank, his pretended merits, and his titles, not caring anything for his nation or his country. G.F.A. Wendeborn. View of England towards the Close of the 18th Century 1791. (W. was pastor of German Church in Ludgate Hill for 22 years) [Many visitors have commented on pavements - Moritz, 172, Franklin 1767, quoted above; also N. Karamzin 1795, H.J. Meister 1792 . The last two, however, warn of the danger of falling down area steps or coal-holes in the pavement]. & Pckler-Muskau 1826 see also p.143. old Europe cannot be rejuvenated by Russian blood. 84

Karl Marx to F. Engels 1855, refusing an invitation to a meeting organised by the Russian revolutionary Herzgn. it (the English Crowd) never in any circumstances knows how to queue; the English - will continue to press forward until at last they arrive somewhere. 1. Herzen 1864. [The country is a creation of the English aristocracy, and the people of England are in a certain sense the aristocracy of the British Empire, able to allow themselves the luxury of this park. 1. CohenPortheim: England, die unbekannte Insel 1930. Proto-wop = Latin U.W. Arndt 1983. Da sie [die deutsche Rennaissance] in einem uns noch nicht fernstehenden Jahrhundert uns Shakespeare new entdeckt und in neuzeitliche Sprache Ubersetzt hat, sind wir das einzige Volk, das zu Shakespeare berhaupt noch eine lebendige Beziehung besitzt - Er ist zu einem deutschen Nationaldichter geworden. O.A.H. Schmitz: Das Land ohne Musik, G. Mller, Munich 1915. The numerous servants [in a London Club] are never seen but in shoes, and in the neatest livery or plain clothes. Prince H.V. PcklerMuskau 1826. A Regency visitor to London ed. E.M. Butler Collins 1957. The practice of half lying instead of sitting of crossing one leg over the other in such a way as to hold the foot in one hand, of putting the hands in the armholes of the waistcoat, ibid. I nd television very educating. Every time someone switches on the set I go into the other room and read a book Graucho Marx. La Feu: I am in love again throughout my whole body, in my veins and bones, in my entire soul. I am so hot I fear I may blow up like a bomb and then if my pure heart might only be elevated and lodge itself in the charming ladys bosom. Klinger: Sturm und Drang Act III Scene 1. I Jowett to Tennyson: " I think I wouldnt publish that (new poem, which Thad just read to J) if I were you, Tennyson ". Tennyson: " If it comes to that, the sherry you gave us at luncheon was beastly". 85

Kenneth Rose: Superior Person. Curzon and his circle. Hail the auspicious morn To Prussias throne is born A Royal heir! 29 May he defend its laws Joined with Old Englands cause This wins all mens applause! Verse added to the National Anthem in 1859 at the birth of the future Wilhelm II, from Memoirs of HRH Viktoria Louise of Prussia.. Gentlemen do not take soup at luncheon G.N. Curzons coment on a proposed menu. If they (the military Chiefs of Sta) were allowed full scope they would insist on the importance of garrisoning the moon in order to protect us from Mars Lord Salisbury 1886 (k. Rose: Curzon). Mangel an Geist Kann in England durch Ansta"ndigkeit aufgewogen werden CarlErdmann Pckler: Einussreiche Englgnder Berlin 1938. ii der Ruf brilliant zu sein, wirkt in der britischen Politik fast ttli . ibid. The Queen will not hear of it (i.e. making G.F. Watts the painter & sculptor a P.C.) because she says an artist sells his pictures and is not the equal of a man of science like Huxley who did get it. Letter from Marie Mallet, 1896. Life with Queen Victoria. Ed. Victor Mallett London 1968. I have been four miles on my bike (sic!) accompanied by Sir Arthur Bigge at the rate of seven miles per hour. ibid. I believe it is conceded by all the other countries, that Cambridge- shire possesses fewer rural beauties than any other county in England. Anthony Trollope: Can you Forgive Her? ch.10 (see also p.140. television celebrating literature. To me, this is like the International Association of Fur Traders celebrating the World Wildlife Fund. John Naughton in the Listener 24.11.83. a certain lady more distinguished for wealth than correct spelling, wrote to the Chairman of the Peninsular and Oriental Company saying that she was going to India, and that she hoped he could manage to secure her a comfortable birth. He replied that he would do his best, but that he could not guarantee her against mal de mere. E.F. Benson: As We Were Longmans 1930. - a trained though not imaginative musician, who praised God very sincerely in the key of C major, without any passionate Hosannas or di- cult modulations. 86

(about Prince Alberts Te Deum) ibid What the Holy Prophets meant In the Ancient Testament Thou revealest to our view Lord, for ever, in the New Hymn by Bishop Wordsworth (nephew of Wm. Wordsworth). ibid. 30 You none of you know how to pack your sponge. The only way is rst to wrap it up in your bath towel, and then to stamp upon it. Gladstone, quoted by Benson, ibid. - a Reticence in three Volumes Gladstone, about George Eliots Life quoted by Benson. Acceptance for publication by a reputable journal implies no more than that the work is supercially sound, mildly interesting and moderately original. The opinion that it should at least be taken into consideration by other scientists is only a preliminary assessment 1. Ziman in Peer Commentary on Peer Review ed S. Harnad.CUP 1982. A huge, living, daily increasing grievance that does one no palpable harm, is the happiest possession that a man can have. 1. Trollope: The Eustace Diamonds ch. IV. The postoce, with that accuracy in the performance of its duties for which it is conspicuous among all oces, caused Lucys letter to be delivered to her while the members of the family were sitting round the breakfast table. ibid ch. XV. [she] was aware that in learning one passage of a poem, it is expedient to select one in the middle, or at the end. ibid ch. XX1. The three Laws of Thermodynamics 1. You cannot win, you can only break even 2. You can only break even at absolute zero 3. You cannot reach absolute zero Quoted by J. Steinberg in address at the funeral of Sir Morris Sugden. R.S. News Jan, 84.

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An aristocracy is like cheese; the older it is the higher it becomes. Lloyd George 1910. The House of Lords is not the watchdog of the constitution, it is Mr Balfours poodle. Lloyd George 1908, quoted by Roy Jenkins: Mr Balfours Poodle Heinemann 1954 Es ist nicht mehr dieselbe Welt wie frher 1. Luther 1530 the relation of pure science, natural science modern languages, modern history and the rest to the old classical training, ought to be founded on a principle I deny their right to a parallel or equal position; their true position is ancillary, and as ancillary it ought to be limited and restrained without scruples. W.E. Gladstone in Public Schools Comission 1861. Over the past century, then, high among the internal checks upon British economic growth, has been a pattern of industrial behavior suspicions of change, reluctant to innovate, energetic only in maintaining u 31 the status quo. This pattern of behavior traces back in large measure to the cultural absorption of the middle classes into a quasi-aristocratic lite, which nurtured both the rustic and nostalgic myth of an "English way of life" and the transfer of interest and energies away from the creation of wealth. Martin J. Wiener: English Culture and the Decline of the Industrial Spirit 1850-1980 CUP. 1981. The above paragraph sums up the books conclusions. The author is Prof of history, Rice University. A perfect expert is one who has made every possible mistake. O.R. Frisch cf p575, 1 . 22%; You have to be as greedy as the French as docile as the Germans, and as ant-like as the Japanese to accept the discipline of the modern technological world. Probably the British are too bloodyminded and Libertarian. Harold Lever, quoted by Louis Heren in Alas, alas for England: Hamish Hamilton 1981. But they that fought for England Following a falling star Alas, alas for England They have their graves afar And they that rule in England

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In stately conclave met Alas, alas for England They have no graves as yet. G.K. Chesterton (Motto of L. Herens book) Darkness does not fall from the air; it comes up from the ground. Lieber Gott mach mich Stumm Das ich nicht nach DachauKumm. Quoted by E. Wiskemann as having been current in 1934 (I remember hearing this rhyme at that time!). Hitlers supreme skill - lay in choosing issues about which the Germans were united, and claiming this union as the united support of the nation for all he chose to do. 1. Wiskemann: The Europe I saw 1968. It was one of those days when the sun is permanently hidden behind one tiny cloud in an otherwise clear blue sky and when one feels that one ought to move two houses down the road. CBA, 1984. -- the inherent conict between teaching and research. A lecturer must pose as knowing everything about his subject (and some even seem to believe that they do); in research one must continually remind oneself that one knows little or nothing. Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin, ed K. Haramundanis CUP 1964. Thanks to the futility inherent in proportional electoral representation, a multiplicity of political Parties were returned at each 32 election, no one of which could of itself comand a majority in the Reichstag, and so carry into eect a clear Governmental programme. 1. Wheeler-Bennett: The Nemesis of Power. The Germany Army in Politics 1918-1945, Macmillan 1964. Whatever you do I shall be quite sure that you have done the best. Letter from Mary Jones to Phineas Finn, A. Trollope. - these delightful creatures Prof. J.L. Cloudsgey-Thompson (prof of zoology Birkbeck College), about brontosaurs. The New Scientist 24.5.84. Killed in World War II: Total military casualties 27 millions (24% of all soldiers) Civilians 24.5 millions By countries: USSR 2 . Asia, esp Japan 1 . 89

Poland & Balkans Germany Western Europe Italy & Austria USA Missing 21 m. lost their homes 45 m. were evacuated, interned or deported Wie war das eigentlich: Kindheit & Jugend im 3.Reich, M.v.d Grn tn (3 . 5 *3 No story is worth believing until it has been ocially denied. Bismarck quoted by Wheeler Bennett V.S. Armies for the preparation of peace do not exist; they exist for triumphant exertion in War. 1. Hitler, 1930. It was inconceivable, according to the rules of the military game, that either of these two powers [Britain & France] should submit to the political humiliation of acquiescing in one more act of unilateral treaty revision on the part of Germany aecting the Pact of Locarno which 4- was regarded as the Keystone of French security. Wheeler-Bennett l.c. about the remilitarisation of the Rhineland, March 1936. I am immersed in Winstons brilliant autobiography, disguised as a history of the universe. Arthur Balfour, about Churchills The World Crisis. Science and belief in miracles From the President of the Linnean Society and others Sir, In view of the recent discussions about the views of bishops on miracles we wish to make the following comments. 33 It is not logically valid to use science as an argument against miracles. To believe that miracles cannot happen is as much an act of faith as to believe that they can happen. We gladly accept the virgin birth, the Gospel miracles, and the resurrection of Christ as historical events. We know that we are representative of many other scientists who are also Christians standing in the historical tradition of the churches. Miracles are unprecedented events. Whatever the current fashions in philosophy or the revelations of opinion polls may suggest, it is important to arm that science (based as it is upon the observation of precedents) can have nothing to say on the subject. Its "laws" are only generalizations of our experience. Faith rests on other grounds.

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Yours etc, Sam Berry, E.H. Andrews, Martin H.P. Bott, R.L.F. Boyd, Denis Burkitt, Cliord Butler, E. Roland Dobbs, J.T. Houghton, M.A. Jeeves, J.B. LLoyd, Colin A. Russell, Douglas Spanner, David Tyrell, G. Barrie Wetherill, as from 4 Sackville Close, Sevenoaks, Kent, Times 13.7.84. Respecting vaccination the Queen would wish to observe that in Germany where it is compulsory and very strictly enforced - small pox is almost unknown which is unfortunately not the case in England. Queen Victoria to Gladstone 13.6.1880. But where is chivalry and delicacy of feeling to be found in these days among many members of Parliament? ditto 18.7.1880. It is often said - that Radicals in oce are seldom dangerous. But that is when they are not allowed to inuence the View of others or to use language which none of their Colleagues can approve. Mr Gladstone would not seek, nor could he earn, Your Majestys regard by dissembling the amount or character of the separation between Lord Beaconseld and himself. But it does not in any degree blind him to the extraordinary powers of the deceased statesman, or to many remarkable qualities, in regard to whom Mr Gladstone, well aware of his own marked inferiority, can only desire to prot by a great example. Mr Gladstone to Queen Victoria 20.4.81 There are very many persons who are greatly alarmed by the destructive doctrines wh are taught, who wld welcome warmly any words of Mr Gladstones which armed that liberalism is not Socialism and that progress does not mean Revolution. Queen Victoria to Mr Gladstone 2.10. 1885 and in reply (10.10.1885) He trusts also Your Majesty will never nd him wanting in the disposition to distinguish between progress and revolution. To think that in these days such a wicked policy as that Russia is secretly pursuing can be attempted seems incredible! Queen Victoria to Mr Gladstone 11.2.1886. [All the above from The Queen & Mr Gladstone: Philip Guedalla, Hodder & Stoughton 1933]. The channel 1 said that Sex Matters attracted viewing gures which had only been beaten by one other education programme on British Television, Barbara Woodhouse on training dogs. Times 23.8.1984. 34 91

Prophecy in politics is always dangerous: the only man who can claim to know what is coming is the one who has just thrown a Boomerang, and even he must prepare to duck. Bernard Levin. Times 5.10.84. Yf any scholler doe take an other making water in any place of the Colledge or near the gates save only where it is or shalbe appointed for that end he shall have ijd allowed upon his head. The same mulct also he shall have if he nd any emptying chamber potts or abusing any place about the College with any matter of uncleaness. Orders for the Better Government of our College (Emmanuel College, Cambridge). 2.10.1595. This is one of Harolds [Wilsons] weaknesses. He sees his job, not as launching a strategy, but as carrying out the manifesto. Richard Crossman: The Diaries of a Cabinet Minister (Hamish Hamilton 1. Entry June 1965. - he (Frank Cousins) knows he was far more powerful as General Secretary of the TGWU than he is as Minister of Technology ibid June 1965. We come briefed by our Departments to ght for departmental budgets, not as Cabinet Ministers with a Cabinet view. (About Cabinet meetings) ibid July 1965. Marianne began now to perceive that the desperation which had seized her at sixteen and a half of ever seeing a man who could satisfy her ideas of perfection, had been rash and unjustiable. Sense & Sensibility: Jane Austen ch X. With such a reward for tears (kisses and sugarplums) the child was too wise to cease crying. ibid ch XX1. among the merits and happiness of Elinor and Marianne let it not be ranked as the least considerable, that although sisters, and living almost within sight of each other, they could live without disagreement between themselves or producing coolness between their husbands. ibid last sentence. A few years ago car dealers in the USA displayed signs saying European Cars. Today the signs read Foreign Cars; tomorrow they will read Japanese Cars and in a few years time just Cars. U.W.A. October 1984. Musik wird stBrend oft empfunden Weil sie meist mit Gerusch verbunden Fips der Ae: Wilh. Busch. I always think its a good idea to have a small wine rack upstairs. Overheard in a shop 17.11,A4_,mlllllalllwmw ~WM 92

An expert is a guy from out of town. 9.13. Sigler, 1984. cf p.zs, yaf 22 3\ He felt about France what Pericles felt of Athens - unique value in her, nothing else mattering; but his thepry of politics was Bismarcks. He 35 had one illusion - France; and one disillusion mankind, including Frenchmen, and his colleagues not least. About Clemenceau. What a place the President [Wilson] held in the hearts and hopes of the world when he sailed to us in the George Washington! What a great man came to Europe in the early days of our victory!. . Never had a philosopher held such weapons wherewith to bind the princes of this world J.M. Keynes: The Economic Consequences of the peace. McMillan & Co. 1. An Ethnic Xmas Dinner 1984 Roast Chestnut Puree Xmas Pudding CND Balloons Miners Strike Crackers. - who shall paint the chameleon, who can tether a broomstick? (on describing Lloyd George this syren, this goatfooted bard, this halfhuman visitor to our age from the magic and enchanted woods of Celtic antiquity Lloyd George a femme fatale. Essay on Lloyd George. the peculiar geometrical form in which the exposition of the Principia is dressed up bears no resemblance at all to the mental processes by which Newton actually arrived at his conclusions the last of the magicians Essay on Newton, the Man, Essays in Biography, J.M. Keynes. "Therefore you dont have a single answer to your questions?" "If I did I would teach theology in Paris" "In Paris do they always have the true answer?" "Never, but they are very sure of their errors". Umberto Eco: The Name of the Rose. and as that treasure is in my library, I have thought it an amusement, if not a duty, to consult the orginals. Gibbon, D&F, Footnote to Ch LXIX. (About nationalists) Ils aiment les peoples come les beefsteaks: saignants. attributed to Rappoport, 1922. Somewone said of Whewell that his forte was science, Yes, asserted Sydney Smith and his foible is omniscience. Oxford Book of Literary Anecdotes. 93

I never knew such a reader. When the conductor gives him his ticket in the tram he turns it over and reads the back. (About F.S. Boas), ibid. G.N. Watson used to amuse himself by factorising the number on his tramticket on the way to Birmingham University. As he got o at Edgbaston one day he said to the conductor in great delight "You have given me a prime number, my man!". "What did e say, mate? said that one to friend. "I dunno, but there are some mighty queer buggers get o at this stop", replied the other. . 36 No book is really worth reading at the age of ten which is not equally (and often far more) worth reading at the age of fty. - The only imaginative works we ought to grow out of are those which it would have been better not to have read at all. There is hope for a man who has never read Malory or Boswell or Tristram Shandy or Shakespeares Sonnets: but what can you do with a man who says he has read them, meaning he has read them once, and thinks that this settles the matter? This extraordinary pride in being exempt from temptations that you have not yet risen to the level of! Eunuchs boasting of their chastity! (About some literary researches): Its the discovery of the mares nest by the pursuit of the red herring. The above from: Of This and Other Worlds: C.S. Lewis Essay edited by W. Hooper 1982. Our proper stations Times 23.2.1985 Sir, Your Cambridge correspondent, Dr R.G.E. Pinch (February 11), writing of the great advantages that the station at Cambridge has over its Oxford counterpart in having only one platform, one ticket-barrier and no subway, wonders whether the designer was awarded an honorary degree, I think the answer is that this was very unlikely. Leslie Missen (Quotable Anecdotes, p44), records that the railway from Liverpool Street reached Cambridge in 1845 and on the insistence of the university authorities the station was sited at a most inconvenient distance from the town so that "the howling and whistling of the engines" would not make work impossible for scholars. In 1851 the railway company rst advertised excursions on Sundays from London to Cambridge. This brought forth a letter of protest from the ViceChancellor to the Chairman of the Great Eastern Railway: "The ViceChancellor regrets that the Eastern Counties Railway (sic) has made arrangements for carrying foreigners and others to Cambridge at such fares that might be likely to tempt persons who, having no regard to Sunday 94

themselves, would inict their presence on the University on that day of rest. The contemplated arrangements are as distasteful to the ViceChancellor as they must be oensive to Almighty God". Trevor Thomas, Dolphins, Roncombe Lane, Sidbury, Nr Sidmouth, Devon. Of course they (the Press) notice you. You always hide just in the middle of the limelight. G.B. Shaw to T.E. Lawrence from Harry Kessler: The Diary of a Cosmopolitan. Self-dispraise is often oblique self-praise Sam. Johnson. in a democracy it is frequently necessary to enter the polling booth holding ones nose. Writing a book is a horrible, exhausting struggle like a long bout of some painful illness. 1. Orwell: Why I write 1947. a prominent Conservative having the vision of a mole, the passion of a speak-yourweight machine and-oratorical eloquence of a whoopee 37 cushion. Bernard Levin. Times 21.5.85 They had taken the rst step towards genuine friendship. They had exchanged vulnerabilities. Arthur C. Clarke: 2010 Odyssey Two. - we have introduced into our subordinate administration at Whitehall some persons who have obtained the reputation of distinguished economists and we allow them to guide us. But though ingenious men, no doubt, they are chiey bankrupt tradesmen, who, not having been able to manage their own aairs, have taken it upon themselves to advise on the conduct of the country. Lancashire, with its teeming and toiling cities, its colossal manufactories and its gigantic chimneys, its roaring engines and its aming furnaces, its tramroads and its railroads, its coal and its cotton he is the man. He does not care a tush whether the revenue increases or declines. He is thinking of real politics: foreign aairs; maintaining our power in Europe. As for that, said Waldershare, sensible men are all of the same religion. And pray what is that? inquired the prince. 95

Sensible men never tell. The above from, B. Disraeli: Endymion 1880. The Biggest Asp Disaster in the World (A bad review of Antony & Cleopatra in the Guardian; QuoteA,by Fritz Spiegel, Listener 27.6.85. "The analogy with theology is escapable: like theologians, nuclear strategists deal with the inherently unveriable, and it is precisely the unveriable that evokes the most passionate commitment. And as in theology we shall discover who was right only when it is too late to do anything about it." Michael Howard Spectator 28.6.85 Attlee sent for a Labour MP and said that his betrayal of the condences of a royal person was not the behaviour of a gentleman. I dont, said the Labour MP, quite know what you mean. Exactly retorted Attlee. From Eleven at No.10 by Frank Longford. Churchill is supposed to have said that one of his [Edens] speeches contained every cliche in the language except Please adjust your clothing on leaving the toilet. ibid. "It [compassion] always seems to me so patronizing a word" M. Thatcher. ibid. Unfortunately wealth is like heat. It is only when it is unequally distributed that it performs work. Leading article in The Times (1979) Quoted by Longford, ibid. 38 (About J. Callaghan). Unlike Ted Heath and Margaret Thatcher, he had not needed to alter his accent upward, or like Harold Wilson to move it downward. ibid. - Parliamentary procedure is governed by the maxim that the minority must have its say but the majority must have its way From Harold Macmillan by Nigel Fisher. Many politicians of our time are in the habit of laying it down as a selfevident-proposition that no people ought to be free till they are t to use their freedom. The maxim is worthy of the fool in the old story, who resolved not to go into the water till he had learnt to swim. If men are to wait for liberty till they become wise and good in slavery, they may indeed wait for ever. T.B. Macaulay Critical & Historical Essay 1851 quoted by H. MacMillan in 1959. I would rather be on top of my subject than be on top of people. D.J. Thomas 1985. IF Kostensenkung

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GO TO Deutsche Leasing Advertisement for D.L. Derspiegel October 1985 Lord Finchley tried to mend the electric light Himself it struck him dead and served him right It is the duty of the wealthy man To give employment to the artisan Hilaire Belloc Now is the Discount of Our Winter Tents Advertisement for Autumn Sale of Tents. Mountbatten was a likely lad A nimble brain Mountbatten had And this most amiable trait: Of each new plan which came his way Hed always claim in accents pat "Why, I myself invented that!" Adding, when he remembered it, For any scoers benet, Roughly the point in his career When hed conceived the bright idea As August 1934 Or Sometime during the Boer War Quoted by Ph. Ziegler: Mountbatten; 1985 Ve alreddy it haf done in my laboratory in 1984. 1. Hoppe ca. 1965 Like a central party in politics or a moderate denomination in religion, the liquid state is less vigorously dened and more dicult to understand then either of the extremes that ank it. 39 The complete physical chemist blows his own apparatus and solves his own equations E.A. MoelwynHughes quoted by J.M. Thomas in Obituary Nature 25.1.79. To be, or the contrary? Whether the former or the latter be preferable would seem to admit of some dierence of opinion: the answer in the present case being of an armative or of a negative character according as to whether one elects on the one hand to mentally suer the disfavour of fortune, albeit in an extreme degree, or on the other to boldly envisage adverse conditions in the prospect of eventually bringing them to a conclusion. The condition of sleep is similar to, if not indistinguishable from that of death; and with the addition of nality the former might be considered identical with the latter: so that in this connexion it might be argued with regard to sleep that, could the addition be aected, a termination might be put to the endurance of a multiplicity of inconveniences, not to mention a number of downright evils

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incidental to our fallen humanity, and thus a consummation achieved of a most gratifying nature. 1. QuillerCouch quoted in B. Willey: Qambridge & other Memories. To be, or not to be, - that is the question Whether tis nobler in the mind to suer The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, Or to take arms against a sea of troubles And by opposing end them? - To die, to sleep, No more; and by a sleep to say we end The heart-ache, and the thousand natural shocks That esh is heir to, tis a consumation Devoutly to be wisht 1. Shakespear Hamlet III.i 56-64 I have at various times had to eat my own words and have always found them a very palatable diet. Winston Churchill cf. I may have written that, but I have certainly never read it. G.B. Shaw. Ordinary men may climb up with distinction only extraordinary men can climb down without some loss of distinction. Admiral A.J. Power on Mountbattens return to the Navy after India (1948) Whoever is interested in furnishing is not interested in food. The important thing is to eat well. O.V. Bismarck. 40 Its the early worm, which is caught by the bird Proverbs: U.W.A. 1986 Be modest also about modesty Chinese Proverb. a man who sat on the fence for so long that the iron entered his soul. LL. George on R. MacDonald. This pump - set up as shown in 1919 was then in continuous, practically daily, use for 19 years throughout the writers work on mass spectra without being either dismantled or cleaned. Making every allowance for the care with which corrosive vapours were excluded from it this must con tute something like a record even for Gaede, that prince of pump designers. Throughout the whole time it has been driven by a motor which is even more historic, for it is one of a pair specially made for, and taken out by, Scott in his last Polar expedition. 98

F.W. Aston Mass Spectra and Isotopes 1941. School is a staging post that should prepare them for adult life and nowadays that means educating girls to lead men. 1. Barker, Headmaster of Sevenoaks Times 19.5.86 By poetry we mean the art of employing words in such a manner as to produce an illusion on the imagination, the art of doing by means of words what the painter does by means of colours. T.B. Macaulay. I believe that any satisfactory political and economical system must be based on the recognition of human inequality J.B.S. Haldane, 1962 (see also Daninos, below) Peter Fleming once got a letter from his sons school, telling him that the fees were to be raised to so much "per anum"; he replied that he would rather go on paying through the nose. Bernard Levin Times 13.6.86 / \ Lexperience, cest comme un curedent: personne ne veut sen servir apres soi. Comezfegalit" annule la libert et que la liberte rend impossible lgalit (Les deux supprimant la fraternite) Cjest un cercle vicieux Pierre Daninos La France dans thus ses etats 1985. It would be a great calamity to the University and to the Nation at large if an opinion should gain ground among the higher orders of Society that the Studies of the University are not such as tend to t a man for the active business and intercourse of life and promised to be useful to him in it There is no doubt that such an opinion does now prevail in some degree. 1. Philpot (Vice Chancellor of Cambridge University) to R. Phelps (Master of Sidney Lodge (sic!) 1847. Quoted by R. Rhodes James: Albert, Prince Consort. 41 - frightfully ugly. No hedges, but ditches, no trees but willows, with ugly barren elds, and the whole county as at as a table. Queen Victoria, about Cambridgeshire. Journal 21.9.1835. Remember him who led your hosts, He bade your guard the sacred coasts Tennyson 1852 (Funeral poem on Duke of Wellington). There is nothing like seeing people or nations at intervals to be made aware of even the smallest changes. Surprisingly, all the successive chapters 99

of the history books I read seemed to describe a dierent country [Germany] from the one a few pages back or the ones that followed. Luigi Barzini: The Impossible Europeans, Weidenfeld & Nicolson 1983. He (William IV) considers it unbecoming this country to show its teeth without biting, or when it must be considered that it has neither the power nor the intention to bite, William IV to Lord Grey 1833 quoted in Ph. Ziegler: King William IV. The Queen trusts that no revolutions will ever be thought of in Spain, for they are a most unjustiable practice unfortunately in fashion in the Pensinsula. Queen Victoria to Lord Palmerston 1846. It is very well for those who have no hard work during the week to go two or three times to church on Sunday and to remain quiet for the rest of the day, but as regards the working classes the practice is perfect cruelty. ditto, 1856 - (after Parliament had voted against military band performances in Kensington Gardens on Sundays). The above from Regina v. Palmerston; Brian Connell 1962. The angels may perhaps be forgiven if rather than tread [themselves] in those dangerous paths they [prefer to bide their time and] tread upon the fools instead. Attributed to G. Elton, The Practice of History 1967, by Ph. Singler in the preface to his Black Death. It was said of Gladstone that he could convince others of many things and himself of anything at all. Disraeli could persuade others, but was powerless over himself. 1. Maurois: Disraeli. The country, passing at once through an agricultural and a nancial crisis, was in distress; and like all invalids, it kept turning over, in the hope of feeling better on the other side. ibid. Ladies have ts upstairs Notice in a Chinese Dress shop 1. Var: The Maker of Heavenly Trousers. In foreign politics, things are sometimes what they seem, but rarely what they are called. 1. Var The Laughing Diplomat.

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42 Book reviewing is not really an art, but rather a technique comitted to the implausible theory that something worth reading is published each morning. George Steiner. We must make what we can sell, not try to sell what we can make. CBI Publication, 1986. the Previous examination syndicate reported in February 1918. It recomended that Latin alone should be a compulsory language with one other and that there should be a compulsory paper in natural science the proposal for a compulsory science paper was defeated in May 2 . Victoria History of the Counties of England. History of Cambridgeshire VolIII 1959. The irreducible minimum [of undergraduates expenditure on the eve of the Second World War] it was considered, for fees, board, lodging, and personal expenses would be about 190 per annum with initial expenses of about 45. ibid. Sweets [are] strange, [such as] the stewed stems of the rhubarb plant whose medicinical properties are well known; yet these prudish people (the English) openly advertise the defects of their most private internal economy by their shameless partiality for this amazing fare! Francis Wey: A Frenchman see the English in the Fifties. The French and other continentals have a habit of gargling the mouth; but it is a custom which no English gentlewoman should, in the slightest degree, imitate. Mrs Beetons Book of Household Management 1859-61. Oxford English Dictionary: Anglomania: A mania for what is English, an excessive admiration of English customs, etc. Gallomania: An unreasoning attachment to France or French customs. Larousse (1866 Edn) Anglomanie: Admiration exclusive, exagere de tout qui appartient a lAngleterre I Gallomanie: Admiration passionnee pour la nation francaise From R. Faber: English & French 1975. 1 5 Another English innovation, according to Mrs Trollope, was the introduction of pedestrian pavements in Paris. ibid. quoting Frances Trollope: Paris and the Parisians 1835. The English poet remained exposed to the danger of identifying Nature with a garden and of adorning his verses with a herbaceous border. Even as there are Germans who cannot believe that Shakespear was not a German, so there are Englishman who regard Handel as their compatriot. 101

The above from K.V. Stutterheim: Those English! Sijwick 5. Jackson 1937. A Tap Face she looks as though her face was reected in a bathroom tap. 1. Duncombe 1987. 43 It is always easier to make an epigram about a man than to understand him. Aldous Huxley: Grey ninence, 1944. We make our own Amontillado sherry by mixing Tio Pepe and Bristol Cream. M.M. Woolfson 1987. when I am dead I hope it may be said His sins were scarlet, but his books were read. 1. Belloc. The Dodo, like ourselves lived on an island; it ate the tropical fruit that lay on the ground and found its wings superuous and a bore; as a result it grew so fat that it could not have raised itself o the ground if it had tried and at the rst arrival of man it fell an easy victim. Derek Hudson: The Way of the Dodo 1941.

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