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Obj.

4 Points, Lines, & Planes


Objectives Identify and correctly label points, lines, line segments, rays, and planes.

postulate

A statement that is accepted as true without proof. Also called an axiom. A location in space, represented by a capital letter. A Point A

point

Notation: A point is always labeled with a capital printed letter. It has no size one point is not bigger than another.

line

A straight path that has no thickness and extends forever in both directions. Example:

AB or line

Notation: A line is labeled either by two points or a single lowercase letter. The order of the two letters does not matter. (AB is the same as BA.)

collinear

Points that lie on the same line. Example:


Points A, B, and C are collinear. noncollinear Points that do not lie on the same line. Points A, B, and D are noncollinear Note: Two points are always collinear.

Examples

1. Are points G, H, and J collinear or noncollinear? collinear 2. Are points F, H, and K collinear or noncollinear? noncollinear 3. Are points J and K collinear or noncollinear? collinear

line segment

Part of a line consisting of two points, called endpoints, endpoints and all points between them.
B A

AB or BA

ray

Part of a line that starts at an endpoint and extends forever in one direction.
A

AB

Notation: The order of the letters does matter for the name of a ray. AB is not the same as BA

opposite rays

Two rays that have a common endpoint and form a line.

RS and RQ are opposite rays


Note: You could also write RQ as QR.

plane

A flat surface that has no thickness and extends forever.

Plane ABC or plane R Notation: A plane is named either by a script capital letter or three noncollinear points.

coplanar

Points that lie in the same plane. Example:


E D

Points A, B, C, and D are coplanar. noncoplanar Points that do not lie in the same plane. Points A, B, C, and E are noncoplanar. Note: Three noncollinear points are always coplanar.

Example

Find three different ways you can name the plane below.
S F D T E R

Plane T or any three letters except S

Post. 1-1-1: Through any two points there is exactly one line. Post. 1-1-2: Through any three noncollinear points there is exactly one plane containing them. Post. 1-1-4: If two lines intersect, then they intersect in exactly one point.

Post. 1-1-5: If two planes intersect, then they intersect in exactly one line.

Examples: 1. The intersection of planes H and E is RS or ____. n ____


m E n
R X

S Y

2. The intersection of m X and n is ____. 3. Line k intersects E Y at ____. 4. R, X, and S are collinear __________.

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