CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS

GCE Advanced Level

MARK SCHEME for the October/November 2012 series

9231 FURTHER MATHEMATICS

9231/23 Paper 2, maximum raw mark 100

This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners meeting before marking began, which would have considered the acceptability of alternative answers. Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for Teachers.

Cambridge will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes.

Cambridge is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2012 series for most IGCSE, GCE Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level components and some Ordinary Level components.

Page 2 Mark Scheme Notes

Mark Scheme GCE A LEVEL October/November 2012

Syllabus 9231

Paper 23

Marks are of the following three types: M Method mark, awarded for a valid method applied to the problem. Method marks are not lost for numerical errors, algebraic slips or errors in units. However, it is not usually sufficient for a candidate just to indicate an intention of using some method or just to quote a formula; the formula or idea must be applied to the specific problem in hand, e.g. by substituting the relevant quantities into the formula. Correct application of a formula without the formula being quoted obviously earns the M mark and in some cases an M mark can be implied from a correct answer. Accuracy mark, awarded for a correct answer or intermediate step correctly obtained. Accuracy marks cannot be given unless the associated method mark is earned (or implied). Mark for a correct result or statement independent of method marks.

A B

When a part of a question has two or more "method" steps, the M marks are generally independent unless the scheme specifically says otherwise; and similarly when there are several B marks allocated. The notation DM or DB (or dep*) is used to indicate that a particular M or B mark is dependent on an earlier M or B (asterisked) mark in the scheme. When two or more steps are run together by the candidate, the earlier marks are implied and full credit is given. The symbol implies that the A or B mark indicated is allowed for work correctly following on from previously incorrect results. Otherwise, A or B marks are given for correct work only. A and B marks are not given for fortuitously "correct" answers or results obtained from incorrect working. Note: B2 or A2 means that the candidate can earn 2 or 0. B2/1/0 means that the candidate can earn anything from 0 to 2.

The marks indicated in the scheme may not be subdivided. If there is genuine doubt whether a candidate has earned a mark, allow the candidate the benefit of the doubt. Unless otherwise indicated, marks once gained cannot subsequently be lost, e.g. wrong working following a correct form of answer is ignored. Wrong or missing units in an answer should not lead to the loss of a mark unless the scheme specifically indicates otherwise. For a numerical answer, allow the A or B mark if a value is obtained which is correct to 3 s.f., or which would be correct to 3 s.f. if rounded (1 d.p. in the case of an angle). As stated above, an A or B mark is not given if a correct numerical answer arises fortuitously from incorrect working. For Mechanics questions, allow A or B marks for correct answers which arise from taking g equal to 9.8 or 9.81 instead of 10.

Cambridge International Examinations 2012

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Mark Scheme GCE A LEVEL October/November 2012

Syllabus 9231

Paper 23

The following abbreviations may be used in a mark scheme or used on the scripts: AEF AG BOD CAO CWO ISW MR PA SOS SR Any Equivalent Form (of answer is equally acceptable) Answer Given on the question paper (so extra checking is needed to ensure that the detailed working leading to the result is valid) Benefit of Doubt (allowed when the validity of a solution may not be absolutely clear) Correct Answer Only (emphasising that no "follow through" from a previous error is allowed) Correct Working Only often written by a fortuitous' answer Ignore Subsequent Working Misread Premature Approximation (resulting in basically correct work that is insufficiently accurate) See Other Solution (the candidate makes a better attempt at the same question) Special Ruling (detailing the mark to be given for a specific wrong solution, or a case where some standard marking practice is to be varied in the light of a particular circumstance)

Penalties MR 1 A penalty of MR 1 is deducted from A or B marks when the data of a question or part question are genuinely misread and the object and difficulty of the question remain unaltered. In this case all A and B marks then become "follow through " marks. MR is not applied when the candidate misreads his own figures this is regarded as an error in accuracy. An MR2 penalty may be applied in particular cases if agreed at the coordination meeting. This is deducted from A or B marks in the case of premature approximation. The PA 1 penalty is usually discussed at the meeting.

PA 1

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Mark Scheme GCE A LEVEL October/November 2012

Syllabus 9231

Paper 23

Question Number 1

Mark Scheme Details

Part Mark (k 32)2 / 15 2t = 6 [m s2] [m s2] B1 B1 4

Total

Find radial acceleration when t = 3: Find transverse accel. (ignoring sign) when t = 3: Equate magnitudes to find k:

(k 9)2 = 9, k = 6 or 12 M1 A1 mv2 = mkga mga(1 cos ) R + 4mg mg cos = mv2/a R = mg(3 cos + k 6) A.G. k 4 (or k > 4) RC 2a sin = mg a cos RC = mg cot A.G. M1 A1 B1 M1 A1 M1 A1 M1 A1

[4]

Use conservation of energy: Use F = ma radially: Eliminate v to find R: Find k from v 0 (or > 0) when = :

5 2 [7]

3 (i) (ii)

Find RC by moments for BC about B:

EITHER:

Moments for system about A:

RC (2a sin + 2a sin ) = mg (3a cos + a cos ) M1 A1

Substitute for RC from (i):

cos (2 sin + 2 sin ) = sin (3 cos + cos ) tan = 3 tan A.G. M1 A1 A1

OR:

Moments for AB about B:

RA 2a cos = FA 2a sin + mg a cos (M1 A1)

Substitute RA = 2mg, FA = RC: (iii)

4 cos = ( cot ) sin + cos (M1 A1) tan = 3 tan A.G. (A1) M1 A1 5 2 [9]

Find min using FA RA:

min = cot = cot = 3

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Mark Scheme GCE A LEVEL October/November 2012

Syllabus 9231

Paper 23 Part Mark Total

Question Number 4 (i)

Mark Scheme Details

Use cons. of momentum for 1st collision: Use Newtons law of restitution: Eliminate uA to find uB:

muA + 2muB = 2mu uA uB = e 2u uB = 2u(1 + e)/3 A.G. 2mvB + mvC = 2muB mu vB vC = e (uB + u) vB = u(1 + e)(1 2e)/9 uA = u(1 2e) e > so A/B change direction in 1st/2nd collision (A.E.F.) |uA| / |vB | = /(1 + e)/9 = 6/(1 + e) > 1 (A.E.F.) (A.E.F.)

B1 B1 M1 A1 M1 M1 A1 B1 3 4

(ii)

Use cons. of momentum for 2nd collision: Use Newtons law of restitution: Substitute and solve for vB :

(iii)

Find uA: State or imply dirns. in which A, B move: (needs uA, vB correct) Show |uA| > |vB |: (needs uA, vB correct):

B1

M1 A1 B1 M1 M1 A1

[11]

State or find MI of rod AB (or AD) about A: State or find MI of rod BC (or CD) about A: Find MI of frame about A: Use energy to find ang. vel. at angle : (lose A1 for one incorrect term) Substitute for I and simplify (A.E.F.):

IAB = ma2 + ma2 = (4/3)ma2 IBC = ma2 + m5a2 [=(16/3)ma2] I = 2(IAB + IBC) = 40ma2/3 A.G. I2 = I (6g/5a) 4mg a2 (1 cos ) = {(3g/5a)(2 2(1 cos ))}

M1 A2 M1 A1 M1 A1 A1 M1 A1 B1 M1 A1 A1 4 [6] 3 2 [12] 5

Equate AC to k(ga) to find k when = 90: k(ga) = 22a {(3g/5a)(2 2)} k = 2{6(2 2)/5} = 168 6 (i) (ii) State or find by integration F(x): State or find mean : Find P(m X ) [m = 416 not reqd]: F(x) = 1 e-x/6 (x 0), 0 otherwise = 1/(1/6) = 6 F() = 1 e-1 Reqd. prob. = 0132

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Mark Scheme GCE A LEVEL October/November 2012

Syllabus 9231

Paper 23 Part Mark Total

Question Number 7 (i)

Mark Scheme Details

State suitable assumption (A.E.F.): Find confidence interval:

Population is Normal 11108/10 t (3339 /90) = 1111 t 371

B1 M1 A1 A1 A1 A1 M1 A1 2 [8] 6

State or use correct tabular value of t: Evaluate C.I.: (ii) Compare t , est. variance s and n: Deduce effect on width of C.I. (A.E.F.): S.R. B1 if valid apart from considering n

t9,0.995 = 325 111 6 or [105, 117] t and s smaller, n larger Width is less than in (i)

Find value of p for binomial dist.: Find expected binomial values (to 2 d.p.): Combine adjacent cells since exp. value < 5:

mean = 150/50 = 3, p = 020 234 1055 2109 1582 O: E: 14 1309 17 19

M1 A1 M1 A1

2109 1582

*M1 M1 *A1 *B1

Calculate value of 2 (to 2 d.p. ; A1 dep *M1): 2 = 150 State or use consistent tabular value (to 2 d.p.): 1, 0.9 2 = 2706 (cells combined) [2, 0.9 2 = 4605, 3, 0.9 2 = 6251] Correct conclusion (A.E.F., dep *A1, *B1): 150 < 271 so distn. does fit

A1

[9]

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Mark Scheme GCE A LEVEL October/November 2012

Syllabus 9231

Paper 23 Part Mark Total

Question Number 9

Mark Scheme Details

State hypotheses:

H0: P = Q , H1: P Q

B1

Estimate population variance using Ps sample: sP2 = (2120 32122/50) / 49 (allow use of biased: P,502 = 1132 or 10642) [= 1155 or 10752] M1

Estimate population variance using Qs sample: sQ2 = (3310 47532/70) / 69 (allow use of biased: Q,702 = 1182 or 10872) Estimate population variance for combined sample: [= 1199 or 10952] s2 = sP2 /50 + sQ2 /70 = 004023 or 020062 (allow use of P,502, Q,702) Calculate value of z (to 2 d.p., either sign): (or 003949 or 019872) z = (6424 679) / s = 0366/02006 = 182[5] (or 184) S.R. Allow (implicit) assumption of equal variances, but deduct A1 if not explicit: Find pooled estimate of common variance s2 : (50 P,502 + 70 Q,702 )/118 = 1180 or 10862 Calculate value of z (to 2 d.p.): (M1A1) A1 M1 A1 M1 A1 M1

z = (6424 679)/s(1/50+1/70) (M1 A1) = 182 (A1) B1 A1 10 [10]

State or use correct tabular z value: Conclusion consistent with values (A.E.F):

z 0.95 = 1645 (to 2 d.p.) Breaking strengths not the same

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Mark Scheme GCE A LEVEL October/November 2012

Syllabus 9231

Paper 23 Part Mark Total

Question Number 10

Mark Scheme Details

Calculate gradient b in y y = b(x x) : b = (47136 610 578/8) / (49682 6102/8) = 30635 / 31695 = 0966[6] Find regression line of y on x (A.E.F.): y = 578/8 + 0967 (x 610/8) = 722[5] + 0967 (x 762[5]) or 145 + 0967x Calculate gradient b in x x = b (y y): b = (47136 610 578/8) / (45212 5782/8) = 30635 / 34515 = 0887[6] Find regression line of x on y (A.E.F.): x = 610/8 + 0888 (y 578/8) = 762[5] + 0888 (y 722[5]) or Use regression line for x on y at y = 100: 121 + 0888y A1 M1 A1 (B1) 6 2 B1 M1 A1 B1 M1

x = 101 [mins]

S.R. Using regression line for y on x at y = 100: x = 105 [mins] Find correlation coefficient r: EITHER: OR: r2 = bb = 08580, r = 0926 r = (47136 610 578/8) / {(49682 6102/8)(45212 5782/8)} = 30635 / (31695 34515) = 0926

M1 A1

(M1 A1)

[10]

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Mark Scheme GCE A LEVEL October/November 2012

Syllabus 9231

Paper 23 Part Mark Total

Question Number 11 (a)

Mark Scheme Details

Resolve vertically at equilibrium with extn. e:

8mge / a = mg [e = a/8]

B1 M1 A1

EITHER: Use Newtons Law at general point: m d2x/dt2 = mg 8mg(e+x)/a [ or mg + 8mg(ex)/a ] Simplify to give 2 in d2x/dt2 = 2x : d2x/dt2 = (8g/a) x or 2 = 8g/a

A1

(allow stating result without derivation) OR: Assume SHM and find 2 from speed v when first slack, found from energy as below: v2 = 2 {(a)2 e2} 3ga/8 = 2 (a2/16 a2/64) 2 = 8g/a Use x = a cos t or a sin t to find t: t = cos1 (-) or + sin1 () = 2/3 Substitute = (8g/a): EITHER: t = (2/3)(a/8g) A.G. (M1) (A1) (A1) M1 A1 A1 A1 8

Find v2 when first slack from an SHM eqn: v2 = 2 (a2/16 e2) = 3ga/8 or a sin 2/3 = 3ga/8 M1 A1

OR: Find v2 when first slack using energy:

mv2 = 8mg(e + a)2 / a mg(e + a)

(this result may be used above) Find further distance s2 to rest: Find total distance:

v2 = 9ga/8 3ga/4 = 3ga/8 2gs2 = v2, s2 = 3a/16 a + e + s2 = 9a/16 or 0562[5]a

(M1 A1) M1 A1 M1 A1 6 [14]

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Mark Scheme GCE A LEVEL October/November 2012

Syllabus 9231

Paper 23 Part Mark Total

Question Number (b)

Mark Scheme Details

Find k by equating area under graph to 1: Find f(x) for 0 < x 2 and 2 < x 5: (i) Integrate to find F(x):

k + 3k = 1, k = kx = x/8 and k = F(x) = x2/16 x A.G.

M1 A1 B1 3

(0 x 2) (2 < x 5) M1 A1

Relate dist. fn. G(y) of Y to X: (working may be omitted)

G(y) = P(Y < y) = P(X 2 < y) = P(X < y1/2) = F(y1/2) = y/16 and y1/2 M1 A1

Differentiate to find g(y): (both results reqd. for M1)

g(y) = 1/16 or 00625 (0 y 4) 1/8y [0 otherwise] (4 < y 25) M1 A1 6 M1 A1 A.G. A1 (M1) (A1) A.G. mx = 3 M1 A1 (A1) 3

(ii)

EITHER: Find E(Y) using y g(y) dy: Integrate and insert limits:

E(Y) = (1/16) y dy + (1/8) y1/2 dy

4 = [y2/32] 0 + [y3/2/12] 25 4

= + 117/12 = 1025 OR: Find E(Y) using x2 f(x) dx: Integrate and insert limits: (iii)
2 = [x4/32] 0 + [x3/12] 5 2

E(Y) = (1/8) x3 dx + x2 dx

= + 117/12 = 1025 EITHER: Find median mx of X and F(mx) = mx = ,

median my of Y (or my): F(my) = my1/2 = , my = 9 OR: Show my = mx2 : P(Y < mx2) = P(X2 < mx2) = P(X < mx)

(M1 A1)

[14]

Cambridge International Examinations 2012