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Multimedia Systems
Definition Introduction to Multimedia Media classification Representation of Media Main Properties of Multimedia Systems Definition of Multimedia Systems Multimedia-Related Technologies Key properties of a MM system Where to Use MM MM Hardware & Software
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1-Mult: Latin word "Multus" which mean "numerous, many", a lot of 2-Media: plural form of medium. The word medium according to dictionary has two meanings: 1- An intervening substance through which something is transmitted or carried on 2- A means of mass communication such as newspaper, magazine, or television
1- Definition
Multimedia--the combination of text, animated graphics, video, and sound--presents information in a way that is more interesting and easier to grasp than text alone. It has been used for education at all levels, job training, and games and by the entertainment industry. It is becoming more readily available as the price of personal computers and their accessories declines. Multimedia as a human-computer interface was made possible some half-dozen years ago by the rise of affordable digital technology.
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Previously, multimedia effects were produced by computer-controlled analog devices, like videocassette recorders, projectors, and tape recorders. Digital technology's exponential decline in price and increase in capacity has enabled it to overtake analog technology. The Internet is the breeding ground for multimedia ideas and the delivery vehicle of multimedia objects to a huge audience.
2- Multimedia--An introduction
Nowadays, multimedia generally indicates a rich sensory interface between humans and computers or computer-like devices--an interface that in most cases gives the user control over the pace and sequence of the information. We all know multimedia when we see and hear it, yet its precise boundaries elude us. For example, movies on demand , in which a viewer can select from a large library of videos and then play, stop, or reposition the tape or change the speed is generally considered multimedia.
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However, watching the movie on a TV set attached to a videocassette recorder (VCR) with the same abilities to manipulate the play is not considered multimedia. Unfortunately, we have yet to find a definition that satisfies all experts. Recent multimedia conferences, provide a good start for identifying the components of multimedia
3- Media classification
With computer processing: Medium a means of distribution and presentation of information: text, graphics, speech, music Media can be classified with different criteria. We can classify media according to:
Perception, Representation, Presentation, Storage, Transmission, Information exchange
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Perception medium
Perception media help the humans to sense their environment; perception mostly occurs through seeing or hearing the information.
For the perception through seeing the visual media such as text, image and video are used. For the perception of information through hearing, auditory media such as music, noise and speech are relevant.
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4- Representation of Media The media is characterised as information to be processed in computer systems. Each medium defines the following: 1- Representation Values 2- Representation Space The user will perceive the content through these representations
1- Representation Values Representation values are the actual information representation of the media. A sentence can be represented by text, which is a sequence of characters, or by speech, which is in a waveform. Representation values can be considered either as a continuum or a sequence of discrete values. 2- Representation Space Paper or computer monitors are examples of a visual presentation spaces. Each representation space consists of one or more representation dimensions. A computer screen has 2 spatial dimensions; holography and stereophony require an additional spatial dimension. Time can occur in each representation space as an additional dimension, as it has central meaning to multimedia systems.
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Representation Dimensions
Media can be divided into two types with respect to time in their representation space: Time-independent (discrete) Some media such as text , pictures and graphics, are time-independent. Information in these media consist exclusively of a sequence of individual elements or of a continuum without a time component.(indeed, they may be displayed according to a wide variety of timing and still remain meaningful). Time-dependent (continuous) Other media, such as sound and motion video(means pure moving images), change over time. Information is expressed not only on the individual value but also the time of its occurrence (requires a continuous playout as a time passes). The meaning depend on the level of the relative change of the discrete values or of the continuum. Representation caused by tactile or temperature sensors with threshold detectors are also time-dependent and falls under this category. Processing these media is time critical because the validity of the data depends on a time condition.
Representation Medium
How is the computer information encoded?
Using formats for representing and information ASCII(text), JPEG(image), MPEG(video)
Presentation Medium
Through which medium is information delivered by the computer or introduced into the computer?
Via I/O tools and devices paper, screen, speakers (output media) keyboard, mouse, camera, microphone (input media)
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Transmission Medium
Over what medium will the information be transmitted? Using information carriers that enable continuous data transmission - networks wire, coaxial cable, fiber optics
Media Concepts
Each medium defines
Representation values - determine the information representation of different media
Continuous representation values (e.g. electro-magnetic waves) Discrete representation values(e.g. text characters in digital form)
Representation space determines the surrounding where the media are presented.
Visual representation space (e.g. paper, screen) Acoustic representation space (e.g. stereo)
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Temporal dimensions:
Time independent (document) - Discrete media
Information consists of a sequence of individual elements without a time component.
Multimedia Systems
Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of multimedia systems
Combination of media
continuous and discrete.
Levels of media-independence
some media types (audio/video) may be tightly coupled, others may not.
Communication capability
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Computer-supported Integration The media-independence prerequisite provides the possibility of combining media in arbitrary forms. Computers are ideal tool for this purpose. The system should be capable of computer-controlled media processing. An integrated multimedia system is necessary to provide functionality that support all the different forms of media. Communication Systems Communication has become essential in multimedia systems. Today's computers are interconnected and the multimedia functions should be available beyond the processing of a single computer.
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7- Multimedia-Related Technologies
Multimedia systems is the integration of many components of different technologies. The development of multimedia technology is related to the evolution of the following technologies: Computer Technology With faster processing power, larger memory and storage capacities, the multimedia capabilities of the computer has increased significantly in the last decade. This has enabled the development of multimedia intensive applications in many areas. Telecommunications Digital networks with higher bandwidths increased the development of distributed multimedia applications, especially through the internet. Consumer Electronics Improvements in devices such as display units and optical storage contributed to new and better multimedia facilities. In addition, mass production reduced the prices significantly for consumers.
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Entertainment and Broadcasting Professional audio and video production has significantly improved the technical capabilities and multimedia contents. These are adapted to multimedia systems for better quality products. Publishing Many large publishing houses already offer their publications in electronic form. More and more multimedia information can be offered.
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Business Services
Corporate training Desktop MM conferencing, MM e-mail
Education
Distance education - MM repository of class videos Access to digital MM libraries over high speed networks
Medicine
Diagnosis and treatment - e.g. MM databases that provide support for queries on scanned images, Xrays, assessments, response etc.
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MM in Business:
Presentation, Training, Marketing, Advertising, DB, Catalog, Network communication voice mail, Video conference will be soon provided on many local and wide area network.
MM is School :
connect every Class room ,Library ,Clinic and Hospital
MM at Home :
TV set or monitor with built in interactive user input or use computer with CD-ROM device , or set top players(Kodak photo CD player, Philips CD-1, or Panasonic 3DO Player
MM in public place :
Hotels, Train station, shopping malls,.to provide information and help.
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