Lubrication with Grease Isnt as Easy as You think

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What is Grease?
oil - 70% plus
mineral, synthetic

thickener - 30% and less

simple and complex metal soap, non-soap

additives (small quantities)

An NLGI 2 grease has approximately 75% - 80% oil
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How does Grease Lubricate?

Grease structure retains it in place Grease is a non newtonian fluid
apparent viscosity varies with varying applied shear force / shear rate limited by oil viscosity

the Base Oil provides the lubrication only minimal quantities are required for adequate lubrication
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Grease Classification
Grease Stiffness
NLGI number 000 00 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 softer stiffer reducing thickener content varies with temperature
10 15oC change, changes NLGI number by 1

Base Oil Viscosity Classification

same rules for oil also apply
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What Grease Stiffness to Use?

Bearing Size and Speed influences Grease Stiffness Selection Dm = (shaft dia + bearing OD)/2, mm N = bearing speed, rpm
NDm > 400,000, use NLGI 2,3 200,000 < NDm < 400,000, use NLGI 2 100,000 < NDm < 200,000, use NLGI 1,2 NDm < 100,000, use NLGI 1, 1.5
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How Much Grease?

Some bearings may only require a 20% full housing

Rule of thumb: housings should be no more than one third full at assembly.
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Relubrication: Why?
Grease degrades from
contamination temperature - loss of oil from volatility bleed, a factor of time in service but accentuated by
Vibration High temperatures Lower base oil viscosity

oxidation temperature, water, wear metal poor quality

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Relubrication: How Much and How Often?

Dependent on:
bearing type bearing size bearing speed operating temperature environment and contaminants grease type

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Grease Relubrication
KEY CONSIDERATIONS Grease path . which nipple? Grease relief is there? location Grease residues Repack versus continuous regreasing Sealed for life Electric motor bearings vs shaft bearings Acoustic greasing
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Greasing Management
What needs managing?
Multitudes of grease points Locations of grease points Quantities per grease point Delivering quantities as specified Variable nipples Access issues, run versus shut Proliferation of SPLs Different greases

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