Rainwater Harvesting and Water Conservation Measures with Special Reference to Bangalore City. Miss.Gowthami.D.P , Miss.Bhanu Priya.

R , 6th Semester Civil Engineering of Sri Venkateshwara College of Engineering, Bengaluru.

1.Abstract:
The Increasing Population, change in the land use pattern, increased dependency on and over exploitation of ground water have made significant changes in the dynamics of hydrologic cycle. Since in dependence, the thrust was mainly given on ground water resource development rather than management. Other than domestic water supply, agriculture is the largest consumer of the ground water resource. Karnataka is the second largest drought prone region next to Rajasthan. Efforts are already on to orient ourselves from supply side to management side in dealing with the water resources. Key words: Exploitation of Ground Water, Management. 2.2.The present Study: The challenge ahead is to provide water of right quality and quantity at the right place and time. The paper deals with an overview of the present situations and different measures which are to be addressed for conserving water with special reference to Bangalore city. 2.3.Bangalore Boom will be a Doom without water conservation. After implementation of Cauvery Water supply scheme (CWSS) IV Phase II, there is no additional availability of water from cauvery source and also there is no nearby perennial fresh water source. In view of limitation of fresh water resource there is no way other than conserving the available water. There are number of means by which conservations measures could be implemented in order to meet the growing demand. Authorities concerned and the Government of Karnataka should take note of this and suitable measures should be taken to implement the following. a) Reduce of uncounted and non revenue water on war footing. b) Recycling of waste water for all urban requirement including dual water supply systems by way of decentralized wastewater system. c) Rainwater harvesting both in micro and macro level to be made mandate.

2.Bangalore City scenario:

Bangalore city growing alarmingly. The population is likely to grow to 9 million by 2015 as per the projections. Providing water supply to the population is a Herculean task with the limited availability of fresh water resources. Conservation of water has gained top priority and as becoming an important part of water management. 2.1 Ground Water Recharge: An integral part of this concept is rainwater harvesting leading to artificial recharge. It plays a major role not only raising the depleted water table by way of improving the yields in the bore wells, but also for improvement in chemical quality of ground water.

Paper submitted in Udyukta 10 State Level Tech Fest held on 3rd May 2010

Rainwater Harvesting and Water Conservation Measures with Special Reference to Bangalore City. Miss.Gowthami.D.P , Miss.Bhanu Priya.R , 6th Semester Civil Engineering of Sri Venkateshwara College of Engineering, Bengaluru. d) Conserving storm water and reusing by creating new resources close to the city. e) Reducing wastage with in the plumbing system of each building by using highly efficient plumbing fixtures etc. collected and trend analysis was carried out.

4.1.Observations: 1) It is noticed that 57% of the annual rainfall is received in monsoon season and 25% in post monsoon season. 2)Except in September & October all other months recorded increasing trend rainfall by 1%. 3)Long term changes in cyclonic storms crossing Andhra Pradesh coast have influence in trend in rainfall. 4.2.Conclusions: Hence according this study the rainfall is consistent in Bangalore city. So rainwater harvesting technique can be adopted infiltration pits in the lawns, roof top harvesting, conversion of existing bore wells as recharging pits where yield is not up to the mark etc.

3.Necessity of Ground Water Recharge:

As the ground water level is depleting alarmingly and no perennial fresh water resource available other than Cauvery, we have no other option other than implementing above conservation measures. The Greater Bangalore Area is spread over 800 Sq.Km with a population of about 8 million. The present domestic fresh water demand of the population is 1200 MLD. As per the statistics BWSSB is supplying 870 MLD. Thus there is a short fall of 330MLD, which is met from Ground Water. It is further estimated that about 20% of these supply is lost due to leakages in supply lines. Water required for Industrial purpose is 60MLD. Hence ground water only the source available to meet the above short fall.

5.Refences:
1.ALDRIC.R.J., RIVETT.M.O (1999) Urban Groundwater and environment Management. International Journal of Water resources Engg. pp.91-96. 2.RAYMOND A.DURAISWAMI, VRISHALI DUMALE and USHA SHETTY, Ground water surveys and Development authority, Pune, Journal Geological Society of India , pp.621638.

4.Data Analysis Conclusions:

and

To adopt ground water recharge techniques it is necessary to check the rainfall scenario in the Bangalore city In this context to find out any term change in annual, seasonal and monthly rainfall distribution of Bangalore rainfall. For this the rainfall data of Bangalore for the past 22 years was

Paper submitted in Udyukta 10 State Level Tech Fest held on 3rd May 2010