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Diesel Engine
Introduction
Petrol Engine
A petrol engine (known as a gasoline engine in North America) is an internal combustion engine with spark-ignition, designed to run on petrol (gasoline) and similar volatile fuels. It was invented in 1876 in Germany by German inventor Nicolaus August Otto. In most petrol engines, the fuel and air are usually pre-mixed before compression (although some modern petrol engines now use cylinder-direct petrol injection). The pre-mixing was formerly done in a carburetor, but now it is done by electronically controlled fuel injection, except in small engines where the cost/complication of electronics does not justify the added engine efficiency. The process differs from a diesel engine in the method of mixing the fuel and air, and in using spark plugs to initiate the combustion process. In a diesel engine, only air is compressed (and therefore heated), and the fuel is injected into very hot air at the end of the compression stroke, and self-ignites.
Diesel Engine
The diesel engine has the highest thermal efficiency of any standard internal or external combustion engine due to its very high compression ratio. Low-speed diesel engines (as used in ships and other applications where overall engine weight is relatively unimportant) can have a thermal efficiency that exceeds 50%. Diesel engines are manufactured in two-stroke and four-stroke versions. They were originally used as a more efficient replacement for stationary steam engines. Since the 1910s they have been used in submarines and ships. Use in locomotives, trucks, heavy equipment and electric generating plants followed later. In the 1930s, they slowly began to be
used in a few automobiles. Since the 1970s, the use of diesel engines in larger on-road and off-road vehicles in the USA increased. According to the British Society of Motor Manufacturing and Traders, the EU average for diesel cars account for 50% of the total sold, including 70% in France and 38% in the UK. A diesel engine (also known as a compression-ignition engine) is an internal combustion engine that uses the heat of compression to initiate ignition to burn the fuel that has been injected into the combustion chamber. As opposed to spark-ignition engines such as a petrol engine (gasoline engine) or gas engine (using a gaseous fuel as opposed to gasoline), which uses a spark plug to ignite an air-fuel mixture. The engine was developed by German inventor Rudolf Diesel in 1893.
In petrol engine a charge of petrol and air is taken inside the cylinder during suction stroke which is further compressed during compression stroke. Pre-ignition can be achieved in petrol engine as there is increase in temperature due to compression above the ignition point of petrol.
In diesel engine, only air is compressed during compression stroke and fuel is injected afterwards. Thats why no pre-ignition achieved in diesel engine. The diesel engine is more difficult to start due to greater cranking efforts required to overcome the higher compression ratio. Petrol engines has more chances of fire hazards as compared to diesel engine. A carburetor is used in petrol engine, which supplies the mixture of air and petrol in the proper portion according to requirement but in diesel engine, an injector or auto miser is used to inject the fuel at the end of compression stroke. No external source of heat is required to burn the fuel in diesel engine as it burns by the heat of compressed air. In petrol engine, a spark plug is required to ignite the charge with an electric spark. The diesel engine is heavier and stronger than petrol engine. As a result, diesel engine is more expensive in initial cost and repairing cost. A higher grade of material and workmanship is required in diesel engine due to high compression ratio. Though initial cost of diesel engine is more but it will run almost double than petrol engine for same quantity of fuel. The cost of diesel is less than petrol, hence running cost is lower than petrol engine. For all sort of heavy work diesel engine gets more preference than petrol engine. On reduced load, the petrol engine is superior to the diesel engine because of better mixing of fuel and air. The thermal efficiency of diesel engine is higher than petrol engine because of high compression ratio used.
The petrol engine works on Otto cycle where as diesel engine works on Diesel cycle.
accelerator pedal. That means, the more you accelerate, the throttle directly releases more percentage of petrol and air to burn for the power. While in Modern Diesel engine, the accelerator pedal and other pressure conditions are also taken into picture to release the diesel for burning. This is one main reason why we see that petrol cars virtually listen to your accelerator demand , while Diesel cars (without a turbo) do have a slight lag. However, with the improved Common rail diesel Engine and turbo chargers, Diesel cars are almost neck to neck with the petrol cars. Diesel cars have a higher torque (turning power) when compared to petrol cars. So when you are driving uphill on a lower gear, you might be surprised that a Diesel car will take lesser effort to drive up because of the Diesels higher thermal efficiency and higher generation of torque. Thats another reason why heavy vehicles tend towards Diesel engines because they need higher torque to even get the vehicle moving.
decade making them more appealing to non business users and this has meant a huge increase in their market share. Petrol engines are fighting back though with more efficient smaller engines, here are a few key points about each fuel which might help you make the right decision.
Maintenance
Purchasing a car, is a start of a long relationship. Besides normal running costs, the car will also require regular maintenance, and this differs per fuel type. Maintenance is mainly of two types - periodic (or scheduled) maintenance and breakdown maintenance. Periodic maintenance requires the replacing of all oils, worn-out parts, as per the expected good life of the same. Breakdown maintenance is the replacement of damaged or failed parts or any other type of problems that arise suddenly. The fact that petrol engine parts are cheaper than diesel engine parts make petrol engines cheaper for regular maintenance. Comparatively, diesel engines maintenance are costlier.
Conclusion
It is clear that once the car is bought, the running costs of a diesel car will be far less than a petrol car. Possible less attractive performance is not that relevant in our busy Indian cities, where noise too is a daily issue to put up with. Hence, the only serious disadvantage of the diesel car in India is the higher purchase price and hence the only factor to consider for Indians is the daily run rate.
Contents
Introduction ......................................................................................................... 1 Petrol Engine ................................................................................................. 1 Diesel Engine ................................................................................................. 1 Comparison of Petrol Engine and Diesel Engine. ................................................ 2 Petrol Engine Car Vs. Diesel Engine Car .............................................................. 4 On Road Petrol vs. Diesel Performance ............................................................ 7 Diesel or Petrol Engines? (While Buying a Car) ................................................... 8 Maintenance ........................................................................................................ 8 Advantage & Disadvantages of Petrol Engine Vs. Diesel Engine ........................ 9 Advantages ....................................................................................................... 9 Disadvantages .................................................................................................. 9 Applications & Uses for Diesel Engines and Petrol Engine ............................... 10 Conclusion ......................................................................................................... 11