10M11EC211

Advanced Digital Signal Processing

(Elective) Credits 3
Lectures 3 Tutorials 0 Practical 0

Pre-requisites: Digital Signal Processing Objective: To develop the understanding of the Random signals, Multirate DSP, Spectrum estimation. This course will help the students to understand other courses in the area of communication, also assist them to do fundamental research/development in the area of communication and signal processing. At the end of the course students should be capable enough to analyze DSP systems/ algorithm and implementing the same on Matlab and/or DSP procesors. Course Assessment: Mid Term Test 30 End Term Test 45 Teacher Assessment (Based on Assignments, quizzes etc.) 25 Total 100 Course Outcomes: After studying this course the students would gain enough knowledge for Random signals, Multirate DSP, Spectrum estimation and implementation of DSP algorithms . Topics Covered: Review of DSP : Discrete time Signals and Systems, Sampling theorem, Z-transform, DTFT, DFT, Structure for FIR systems, structure for IIR systems. Multirate Digital Signal Processing : Introduction, Decimation by a factor D, Interpolation by a factor I, Sampling rate conversion by a rational factor I/D. Implementation of sampling rate conversion: Polyphase Filter Structure, Interchange of Filter and Downsamplers/Upsamplers, Polyphase structure for Decimation and Interpolation Filters, Multistage Implementation of sampling rate conversion, Sampling rate conversion of Bandpass Signals. Application of Multirate Signal processing: Design of phase shifter, Interfacing of Digital systems of different sampling rates, Subband coding of speech signals. Linear Prediction and Optimal Linear Filters : Introduction of random variable and random processes. Innovation representation of a stationary random process, Forward and backward Linear prediction, solution of normal equations, properties of Linear predictionerror filters, AR Lattice and ARMA Lattice-Ladder Filters, Weiner Filters for Filtering and prediction. Power Spectrum Estimation : Estimation of spectrum from finite-Duration Observation of Signals, Non-parametric Methods for Power Spectrum Estimation, Parametric methods for Power Spectrum Estimation, Filter bank methods, Eigen analysis algorithm for spectrum estimation

DSP Processors : Fixed and Floating point DSPs , Need for DSP Processors, Architecture of DSP processor. Text Books 1. Proakis, Manolakis : Digital Signal Processing: Principles, Algorithms, and Applications, Pearson Education

Reference books 1. Papoulis.

: Probability, Random Variables and Stochastic Processes : Statistical and Adaptive Signal Processing

2. Manolakis, Ingle, Kogon

10M11EC212

ADVANCED WIRELESS AND MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS

(Elective Course)

Credits 3
Lectures 3 Tutorials 0 Practical 0 Pre-requisites: Wireless Communications Objective: To develop an understanding of advanced wireless networks, key enabling technologies, architectures, standards and advanced trends. The course will deepen the understanding of mobile wireless communication systems as well as current and future trends in such systems. Course Assessment: Mid Term Test 30 End Term Test 45 Teacher Assessment (Based on Assignments, quizzes etc.) 25 Total 100 Course Outcomes: Upon completion of this course, the students would have developed An understanding of the requirements of modern wireless systems An understanding of key enabling technologies such as spread spectrum, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), MIMO and Adaptive Modulation and Coding An understanding of implementation of the key enabling techniques in commercial wireless systems such as UMTS, HSPA and LTE. An appreciation of evolving trends leading to a vision of future heterogeneous wireless communication systems Topics Covered: Review of fundamentals of mobile wireless communications: Attenuation, fading, Multipath Propagation Delay spread, ISI, Coherence BW, Doppler Spread, Propagation models. Frequency reuse Cellular systems, Co-channel interference, Adjacent channel interference, Cellular Capacity, Evolution of mobile wireless communication systems 3G and Beyond Key Enabling Technologies: Spread Spectrum Multiple Access & Interference Mitigation, OFDM - inter symbol interference, FFT/IFFT, PAPR, cyclic prefix, OFDM transmitter and receiver, Introduction to MIMO systems Capacity gain (multiplexing), Diversity gain (Beamforming), Diversity-Capacity Trade-offs, Adaptive Modulation and Coding, Introduction to Space-Time Coding. Advanced Wireless Networks: UMTS (W-CDMA) networks: Architecture and Services, HSPA, LTE network architecture Core network, Access network, Roaming Architecture and interworking with other networks, WiMAX 802.16e and 802.16m. LTE vs WiMAX the road to 4G

Other Wireless networks and Advanced Trends in Wireless Communications: WiFi, 802.11 Wireless LANs, frame structure, modes of operation, data rates, power management, handoff strategies, Medium access control. Bluetooth networks: Piconet, scatternet, frame structure, data rates, synchronous and asynchronous services, power saving. Heterogeneous networking: Always Best Connected (ABC), Vertical handoffs, QoS mechanisms, Cross layer design, Pico-cells and Femto-cells, PANs, Text Books 1. Joseph Boccuzzi 2. Jochen Schiller, 3. K.Fazel & S. Kaiser 4. Ramjee Prasad 5. Andrea Goldsmith 6. R. Steele, Chin-Chun Lee, P. Gould : Signal Processing for Wireless Communications McGraw Hill, 2008 : Mobile Communication, Addison Wesley, 2003. : Multicarrier and Spread Spectrum Systems, John Wiley, 2003. : OFDM for Wireless Communications Systems, Artech House : Wireless Communications, Cambridge University Press, 2005 : GSM, CDMAOne and 3G Systems, John Wiley

Reference books 1. T.S. Rappaport 2. S.G. Glisic 3. Haohong et. al.

: Wireless Communications - Principles and Practice, 2nd Edition, Pearson Education : Advanced Wireless Networks 4G technologies John Wiley, 2006 : 4G Wireless Video Communications John Wiley, 2009.

10MI1EC111

ADVANCED COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

(Elective Course)

Credits 3
Lectures 3 Tutorials 0 Practical 0 Pre-requisites: Signal and Systems, Digital Communication Objective: The objectives are to study The various analytical aspects of digital communication, source and channel coding techniques. Fundamentals of wireless and cellular communications. Concept of GSM and spread spectrum techniques To study single carrier and multicarrier communications. Course Assessment: Mid Term Test 30 End Term Test 45 Teacher Assessment (Based on Assignments, quizzes etc.) 25 Total 100 Course Outcomes: After studying this course the students would gain enough knowledge of communication systems and its analysis. Topics Covered: Unit-1 Review of Analog & Digital Communications Modulation process, Frequency translation, Analog Vs Digital Communication systems, Basic building blocks of digital communication: Different digital communication channels, source coding & channel coding, base band & band pass signal representation Unit-2: M-ary Modulation Schemes Gram Schmidt orthogonilazation process, Basic digital modulation schemes, receiver designing of digital modulation schemes, Matched Filter & its Impulse response), correlator receiver, QPSK, OQPSK, Minimum shift Keying (MSK), GMSK (Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying) Unit-3 Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) Basics of LPC, speech model-source filter model & signal processing consideration, LPC in voice conversion, vocoders, LPC analysis & synthesis filter, CELP (Code-Excited Linear Prediction), CSACELP (Conjugate-Structured Algebraic CELP). Unit-4: Cellular Communication Fundamentals: Evolution of mobile radio communications, Comparison of various mobile radio standards, Spectrum Allocation, basic Cellular Systems Performance Criteria, Analog and Digital cellular systems, Frequency Reuse, Channel assignment strategies. Handoff Strategies, types of handoff and their characteristics, Interference and system capacity, Tracking and grade off service, Improving coverage and capacity Unit:5: Digital Cellular mobile systems: GSM standards and architecture, GSM services and features, GSM Radio aspects, overview of mobile terminals, GSM channels, typical call flow sequences in GSM, Frame structure, protocol structure and security aspects

Unit:6: Spread Spectrum Techniques Basics of spread spectrum, PN sequence generation its properties, DS-SS, FH-SS (slow & fast hop) generation & detection, Network model and security aspects of CDMA. CDMA forward and reverse link, Key features: Diversity, power control, soft handoff, system capacity and soft capacity. Unit-7: Multicarrier Modulation Techniques (OFDM) Multipath & fading in wireless communication systems, Doppler spread, delay spread, OFDM Vs (TDM, FDM, CDMA), building blocks of OFDM transmitter & receiver, OFDM applications, Text Books 1. Haykin, Simon 2. Sklar, Bernard. 3. Rapaport, Theodre. : Digital Communications, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. : Digital Communications, Pearson Publications. : Wireless Communications Principles and Practice 2nd Edition, Pearson Education, 2002.

Reference books 1. Schulze, Henrik and Luders, Christian: Theory & Application of OFDM & CDMA John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2, Lee, W.C.Y : Mobile Cellular Telecommunication McGraw Hill.

10M11EC113

ADVANCED TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORKS

(Elective Course)

Credits 3
Lectures 3 Tutorials 0 Practical 0 Pre-requisites: Telecommunication Networks Objective: The objectives are To study the various protocols used in telecommunication networks To understand the merger of telephony networks and computer networks To study protocols satisfying the merging needs of telephony and computer networks To study the protocols used in the core network To appreciate the evolution of heterogeneous networks and their needs Course Assessment: Mid Term Test 30 End Term Test 45 Teacher Assessment (Based on Assignments, quizzes etc.) 25 Total 100 Course Outcomes: Upon completion of the course, the students would have developed an understanding of important communication protocols An understanding of core network communications An understanding of the transition towards an all IP network An understanding of the merger of telephony and computer networks and hence their protocols. Topics Covered: Introduction: OSI vs TCP/IP, Wired vs Wireless, Circuit switching/ Packet switching, flow control and error control, CRC, Connection oriented/connection less transmission, bit stuffing. Peer to peer protocols: ARQ protocols Stop and Wait ARQ, Go back N ARQ, Selective Repeat ARQ, Transmission efficiency of ARQ protocols HDLC Data Link control. TCP, UDP, Drawbacks of TCP for Reliable wireless Broadcast/Multicast, Fountain codes for asynchronous reliable broadcast/multicast. Internet Protocol: IPv4: Addressing, Subnetting and Classless Addressing, Classless Interdomain routing (CIDR). IPv6: Features and Addressing, IPv4 to IPv6 transition: Dual Stack, Tunneling, Header Translation. Wide Area Network (WAN) Protocols: X.25: Architecture & Protocol Suite, Concept of Virtual Circuits (VCs) Switched and Permanent VCs, Disadvantages of In-band signaling & Link-by-link reliability of X.25

Frame Relay: Protocol Architecture, Comparison with X.25, Connection Establishment & Congestion Control Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM): Heterogeneous traffic, Asynchronous multiplexing, ATM protocol architecture, ATM cells, Connection set-up, Virtual channels and virtual paths, ATM Switching, QoS and QoS parameters IP over ATM ISDN and SS7 Intelligence in the network: Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN): Merger of Computer and Telephony networks, ISDN channels, access types, devices, interfaces & protocols Intelligence in the network and the Intelligent Node (IN), Signaling System #7 (SS7) Architecture, QoS provisioning Intserv, RSVP and Diffserv. Merger of Telephony and Computer networks: Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP): Technology and Challenges. Introduction to Wireless Networks: Wireless propagation, Multipath fading, Slow and Fast Fading, Shadow Fading, Delay spread, coherence BW, Doppler Spread, Frequency Selective Fading and ISI. Introduction to Spread Spectrum and Multi-carrier techniques (OFDM) WiFi (802.11x) Features, Performance and protocols Bluetooth networks: Bluetooth radio interface, data transfer, piconets and scatternets, addressing and connection set-up Heterogeneous networks Concept of Always Best Connected (ABC)

Text Books
1. Leon-Garcia, Widjaja 2. William Stallings. 3. T.S. Rappaport 4. Ramjee Prasad Reference books 1. J.C. Bellamy. 2. B.A. Forouzan 3. R.G. Winch : Communication Networks, Tata McGraw Hill. : Data and Computer Communications, 9th edition, Pearson : Wireless Communications, Principles and Practice, 2nd edition, Prentice Hall : OFDM for Wireless Communication Systems, Artech House. : Digital Telephony, 3rd edition, Wiley : Data Communications and Networking, 4th edition, McGraw Hill : Telecommunication Transmission Systems, 2nd edition, Tata McGraw Hill.

13B11WEC833

BIO ELECTRONICS SENSOR

(Elective) Credits 3
Lectures 3 Tutorials 0 Practical 0

Pre-requisites: Linear Integrated Circuit and Digital Electronics Objective: The objectives are to study transducers, sensors (bio sensor), bioelectric amplifiers Fuzzy implementation, petrinet implementation, deterministic modeling, linear differential equation. The detail of ECG Course Assessment: Mid Term Test 30 End Term Test 45 Teacher Assessment (Based on Assignments, quizzes etc.) 25 Total 100 Course Outcomes: After studying this course the students would gain enough knowledge how to convert any biological components to electrical signal. How to read ECG signals. How to implement Fuzzy logic. Topics Covered: Introduction : Introduction to Systems biology and Synthetic biology Electrodes, Sensors and transducers : Active v/s passive sensors, sensor error sources, sensor terminology, electrodes for biophysical sensing, microelectrodes, transducers and other sensors. Bioelectric Amplifiers : Operational amplifiers, basic amplifier configurations, multiple input circuits, differential amplifiers, signal processing circuits, isolation amplifiers. Computational system modeling : Logic gates, Design of Bio circuits, Gene circuits, Fuzzy Implementation Petri nets : Introduction, Implementation of proteins using Petri nets. t-invariant matrix, pinvariant matrix, incidence matrix, deterministic model. ECG : The ECG waveform, functional block, standard lead system, other ECG signals, ECG preamplifier, ECG read out devices, ECG machines, ECG faults and troubleshooting. EEG : EEG Electrodes, EEG amplitude and frequency bands, EEG diagnostic uses, EEG block
diagram, Preamplifiers and EEG system spec, EEG telemetry system, EEG faults and troubleshooting.

Text Books 1. Carr, J.J., Brown, J.M. 2. Reddy, D.D., Hussian, O.M., Gopal, D.V. R., Rao, D. M., Sastry, K.S. 3. Gayakwad, R. A. 4. Klir, G. J., Yuan, B : Introduction to Biomedical Equipment Technology, Pearson, 4th Ed. : Biosensors and Bioelectronics, I.K. International Pub

: Op-amps and Linear Integarted Circuits, PHI 3rd Ed. : Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy Logic, PHI.

10M21EC224

CMOS Digital Design Techniques

(Elective Course) Credits 3

Lectures 3 Tutorials 0 Practical 0

Pre-requisites: VLSI Technology and Applications Objective: The objectives are To study advanced concepts of CMOS Digital Design. It will be helpful for the students when they work in VLSI industries or in R&Ds. To cover crucial real world system design issues such as signal integrity, power dissipation, interconnect packaging, timing and synchronization. To provide unique coverage of the latest design methodologies and tools.. Course Assessment: Mid Term Test 30 End Term Test 45 Teacher Assessment (Based on Assignments, quizzes etc.) 25 Total 100 Course Outcomes: After studying this course the students would gain enough knowledge to design and analyze any VLSI system. Topics Covered: Introduction: Introduction, The Wire, Coping with Interconnect: Impact of Interconnect Parasitic, Impact of Resistance, Reducing RC-delay, dealing with inductance, Designing Sequential Logic Circuits. Timing Issues: Clock Uncertainties, Clock Non-idealities, Clock Skew and Jitter, Timing Constraints, Clock Constraints in Edge-Triggered Systems, How to counter Clock Skew?, Flip-Flop Based Timing, Latch timing, Latch-Based Design, Clock Distribution, Synchronous Pipelined Data path, Asynchronous- Synchronous Interface, Synchronizers and Arbiters, PLL-Based Synchronization, Clock Generation using DLLs, Delay Locked Loop . Arithmetic Circuits: Adders ( Ripple-Carry Adder, Complimentary Static CMOS Full Adder, Mirror Adder, Transmission Gate Full Adder, Carry-Bypass Adder, Carry-Select Adder, Logarithmic Look-Ahead Adder, Tree Adders).Multipliers (Array Multiplier, Wallace-Tree Multiplier, Booths Multiplier Algo). Shifters ( Barrel Shifter, Logarithmic Shifter) Semiconductor Memories: Memory Timing, Memory Architecture, Read-Only Memory Cells, MOS OR ROM, MOS NOR ROM, MOS NAND ROM, Dual Data rate Synchronous Dynamic RAM, DRAM Timing, Sources of Power Dissipation in Memories, Data Retention in SRAM, Suppressing Leakage in SRAM, Data Retention in DRAM.

Text Books 1. J. Rabaey, A. Chandrakasan : Digital Integrated Circuits: A Design Perspective, 3rd Edition 2003 2. Sung-Mo Kang,Y. Leblebici. : CMOS Digital Integrated Circuits Analysis and Design,Tata McGraw-Hill Edition 2003 3. Adel S. Sedra, K. C. Smith : Microelectronics Circuits, Theory and application Oxford 5th edition International Version. Reference books 1. John P. Uyemura. : Introduction to VLSI Circuits and Systems, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2002. 2. Palnitkar Samir. : Verilog HDL: A Guide to Digital Design and Synthesis, Pearson Education, 2nd Edition,2004.

12B1WEC732

DIGITAL SYSTEM DESIGN

(Elective Course) Credits 3

Lectures 3 Tutorials 0 Practical 0

Pre-requisites: Digital Electronics Objective: The objectives are to study To understand different methods used for the simplification of Boolean functions To design and implement combinational circuits To design and implement synchronous sequential circuits To design and implement asynchronous sequential circuits To study and programme in VHDL Course Assessment: Mid Term Test 30 End Term Test 45 Teacher Assessment (Based on Assignments, quizzes etc.) 25 Total 100 Course Outcomes: After studying this course the students would an in-depth knowledge of the design of digital circuits and the use of Hardware Description Language in digital system design.

Topics Covered: Introduction Introduction to Digital Design Concepts, Review of digital design fundamentals,minimization and design of combinational circuits, sequential machine fundamentals: the need, concept of memory, Flip flops, sequential machine operations, classifications . Design of synchronous sequential cicuits Sequential circuits, Finite state model Basic definition, capabilities and limitation of finite state machines, state equivalence & machine minimization, simplification of incompletely specified machines, Extraction of maximal compatibles, synthesis & analysis of synchronous sequential circuits. Design of asynchronous sequential circuits: Introduction to asynchronous circuits, timing diagram, state diagram & flow tables, types of asynchronous circuits, fundamental mode circuits, pulse mode circuits,state assignment in asynchronous sequential circuits, Synthesis and analysis, ASM charts: Representation of

sequential circuits using ASM charts, synthesis of output and next state functions, Data path control path partition-based design Hazards and Races Introduction, gate delays, generation of spikes, production of static hazards in combinational networks, elimination of static hazards, design of hazard free combinational networks, hazard free asynchronous circuit design, dynamic hazards, essential hazards, Races and Cycles. VHDL Verilog as HDL, Levels of Design Description, Concurrency, Simulation and Synthesis, Functional Verification, System Tasks, Programming Language Interface (PLI), Module, Simulation and Synthesis Tools, Test Benches. LANGUAGE CONSTRUCTS AND CONVENTIONS : Introduction, Keywords, Identifiers, White Space Characters, Comments, Numbers, Strings, Logic Values, Strengths, Data Types, Scalars and Vectors, Parameters, Memory, Operators, System Tasks, Exercises

Text Books 1. W. I. Fletcher 2. M.Morris Mano 3. Michael D. Ciletti. : An Engineering approach to Digital Design, PHI : Digital Design, 3rd edition, Pearson Education. : Advanced Digital Design with Verilog HDL, McGrawHill.

Reference books 1. Charles H Roth : Digital Systems Design using VHDL Theory CENGAGE Learning : Switching and Finite Automata Theory. TMH

2. Z.V.I Kohavi

10B1WEC734

Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing

(Elective Course)

Credits 3 Lectures 3 Tutorials 0 Practical 0 Objective: The main objective of this course is to give an idea about the fundamentals of digital image processing. Other objectives are to study Various image processing techniques and their applications. Various image enhancement and image restoration algorithms in spatial and frequency domain. Various lossless and lossy image compression algorithms. Course Assessment: Mid Term Test 30 End Term Test 45 Teacher Assessment (Based on Assignments, quizzes etc.) 25 Total 100 Course Outcomes: After studying this course the students would gain enough knowledge of various image processing techniques and image compression algorithms. Topics Covered: Digital Image Fundamentals: What is digital image processing and its need, Fundamental steps in DIP, Components of an Image processing system, Elements of visual perception, Relationship between pixels. Image Enhancement: In time domain- Gray level transformations, Histogram processing, Spatial filters for smoothing and sharpening. In Frequency Domain- 2-D DFT and IDFT, Frequency domain smoothing and sharpening filters. Image Restoration: Model of image degradation/ Restoration process, Noise models, Noise reduction in spatial domain and frequency domain, Inverse filtering, Wiener filtering. Image compression: Image compression model, Lossless compression techniques, Lossy compression techniques, Image compression standards. Image Segmentation: Detection of point, line and edge detection, Region growing, region splitting, merging and thresholding. Text Books 1. Gonzalez and Woods 2. S.Sridhar Reference books 1. Anil K. Jain Hall : Digital Image Processing, McGrawHill. : Digital Image Processing, Oxford University Press.

: Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing, Prentice-

11B1WEC731

Intelligent Control Systems

(B.Tech. elective) Credits 3

Lectures 3 Tutorials0 Practical 0

Pre-requisites: Signals and systems Objective: The objectives are to study Modern control theory. Learn to apply artificial intelligent for the control system. May conduct some case studies on the related topics. Course Assessment: Mid Term Test 30 End Term Test 45 Teacher Assessment (Based on Assignments, quizzes etc.) 25 Total 100 Course Outcomes: After studying this course the students can apply the control theoretical approach to the complex system . Topics Covered: State Variable Techniques: State variable representation of systems by various methods. Solution of state equations-state transition matrix. Transfer function from state variable model. Controllability & observability of state variable model. Artificial Intelligence Approach: Application of Fuzzy Logic and Neural Network for the control problems and their implementation with Matlab. Describing Function Analysis: Definition, limitations, use of describing function for stability analysis , describing function of ideal relay, relay with hysteresis & dead zone, saturation/coulomb friction & backlash, Sampled Data Systems: Sampling process, impulse modulation, mathematical analysis of sampling process, application of Laplace transform, Shannons theorem, reconstruction of sampled signal zero order & first order hold, Z-transform, definition, evaluation of Ztransform, Inverse Z-transform, pulse transfer function, limitations of Z-transform, state variable formulation of discrete time systems. Solution of discrete time state equations, stability, definition, the Schur-Cohn stability criterion, Jurys test of stability of extension of Routh-Hurwitz criterion to discrete time systems. Text Books 1. Gopal, M 2. Ogata K. Reference books

Digital Control & State Variable Methods : Modern Control Engineering

1. Spiegel, Murray R. 2. Isidari

: Modern Control Theory, Wiley International. : Nonlinear Control Systems, Springer-Verlag.

(10M11EC213)

Information & Coding Theory

(Elective) Credits 3
Lectures 3 Tutorials 0 Practical 0

Pre-requisites: Basic course in mathematics, Communication System Objective: The objectives are to study information theory and coding techniques used in a communication system. Course Assessment: Mid Term Test 30 End Term Test 45 Teacher Assessment (Based on Assignments, quizzes etc.) 25 Total 100 Course Outcomes: Upon completion of the course, the students will be able to 1. Define and apply the basic concepts of information theory (entropy, etc.). 2. Differentiate between lossy and lossless data compression methods, and describe the most common such methods. 3. Design an efficient data compression scheme for a given information source. 4. Calculate the capacity of communication channels; 5. Explain the impact of feedback and/or many senders or receivers on the communication problem. Topics Covered: 1. Information theory Concept of amount of information -units, Entropy -marginal, conditional and joint entropies -relation among entropies Mutual information, information rate, channel capacity, redundancy and efficiency of channels. 2. Source coding Encoding techniques, Purpose of encoding, Instantaneous codes, Construction of instantaneous codes, Krafts inequality, Coding efficiency and redundancy, Noiseless coding theorem. Construction of basic source codes Shannon-Fano algorithm, Huffman coding, Arithmetic coding, ZIP coding. 3. Discrete channels Symmetric channels, Binary Symmetric Channel, Binary Erasure Channel, Cascaded channels, repetition of symbols, Binary unsymmetrical channel, and Shannon theorem. Continuous channels Capacity of band limited Gaussian channels, Shannon-Hartley theorem, Trade off between band width and signal to noise ratio, Capacity of a channel with infinite band width, Optimum modulation system, Channel Coding theorems. 4. Codes for error detection and correction Parity check coding, Linear block codes, Error detecting and correcting capabilities, Generator and Parity check matrices, Standard array and Syndrome decoding, Hamming codes, Encoding and decoding of systematic and unsystematic codes. Cyclic codes Generator polynomial, Generator and Parity check matrices, Encoding of cyclic codes, Syndrome computation and error detection, Decoding of cyclic codes, BCH codes, RS codes, Burst error correction. 5. Convolutional codes Encoding- State, Tree and Trellis diagrams, Maximum likelihood decoding of convolution codes -Viterby algorithm, Sequential decoding -

Stack algorithm. Interleaving techniques Block and convolutional interleaving, Coding and interleaving applied to CD digital audio system -CIRC encoding and decoding, interpolation and muting. ARQ Types of ARQ, Performance of ARQ, Probability of error and throughput. 1. Text Books 1. 2. 3. Information Theory And Coding, Gallager Robert G, John Wiley & Sons,1968 Information Theory, Ash, Robert B., Dover Publications Inc,2001 Introduction to Coding Theory, J.H. Van Lint, Springer-Verlag 1999

Reference books 1. Principles of Digital Communication Das, Mullick & Chatterjee, Wiley Eastern Ltd. 2. Error Control Coding Fundamentals and Applications Shu Lin & Daniel J. Costello Jr., Prentice Hall Inc. 3. Digital Communications Fundamentals and Applications Bernard Sklar, Person Education Asia

10B13EC839

LINUX AND ITS APPLICATIONS

(Elective Course) Credits 3

Lectures 3 Tutorials 0 Practical 0

Pre-requisites: None Objective: The objectives are to Make students familiar with UNIX environment. Make them learn programming techniques of UNIX alongwith its installation. Make them learn Latex and write documents in Latex. Course Assessment: Mid Term Test 30 End Term Test 45 Teacher Assessment (Based on Assignments, quizzes etc.) 25 Total 100 Course Outcomes: After studying this course the students would gain enough knowledge to program in UNIX and work in Latex. Topics Covered: Installing Linux. Basic linux commands. Latex. X_g. Inkscape. Gnuplot. Maxima. Octave.

Text Books : No text Books ,

10B1WEC731

MOBILE COMMUNICATION

(Elective) Credits 3
Lectures 3 Tutorials 0 Practical0

Pre-requisites: Digital communication, basics of telecommunication networks Objectives: To make students familier with fundamentals of mobile communication systems To choose system (TDMA/FDMA/CDMA) according to the complexity, installation cost, speed of transmission, channel properties etc. To identify the requirements of mobile communication as compared to static communication To identify the limitations of 2G and 2.5G wireless mobile communication and use design of 3G and beyond mobile communication systems To study the basics of Wireless LANs Learning outcomes: To distinguish 1G, 2G, 2.5G, 3G system and 4G for speed, multiplexing, quality. Student should learn GSM concepts e.g. architecture, handoff, channels etc. Understand 2.5G systems e.g. GPRS, HSCSD and EDGE To understand CDMA cellular communication concepts
Course Assessment: Mid Term Test End Term Test Teacher Assessment (Based on Assignments, quizzes etc.) Total 30 45 25 100

Books
1. 2. 3. 4. T. S. Rappaport, Wireless Communications, PHI, 2002.

Mobile Communication, Jochen Schiller, Pearson GSM, cdma one and cdma 2000, Raymond Steel, Wiley
OFDM wireless communication systems, Ramjee Prasad, Universal personal communications

13B1WEC832

MODERN ANTENNAS

(Elective Course) Credits 3

Lectures 3 Tutorials 0 Practical 0

Pre-requisites: Electromagnetic Theory Objective: The objectives are to learn the mechanism of antenna, antenna performance parameters, design and analysis of various antennas for different applications, size reduction techniques, broadbanding, multi band operation techniques in antenna design and array design. Course Assessment: Mid Term Test 30 End Term Test 45 Teacher Assessment (Based on Assignments, quizzes etc.) 25 Total 100 Course Outcomes: After study of this course, students will be able to understand the mechanism of antenna radiation and will be having the knowledge of antenna and array design and analysis of various antennas for specific application. Topics Covered: 1. Introduction Introduction, antenna types, radiation mechanism, use of potential functions, radiated field, far field, antenna parameters, radiation pattern, directivity, numerical evaluation of directivity, gain, efficiency, impedance, loss resistance, polarization, linear polarization, circular and elliptic polarization, equivalent area, Friss equation. 2. Dipole Antennas Potential functions for analysis of radiated fields, Duality theorem, Reciprocity theorem for antennas, Radiation from current element, infinitesimal dipole, finite length dipole, half wave dipole. 3. Antenna Arrays: Analysis and Synthesis Review of antenna array basics, Linear arrays, two elements arrays, N-elements arrays, circular array, planar (2D) arrays, sum and difference patterns, Effect of mutual couplings, Phased array antennas, scan principles, beam-forming networks, Linear array synthesis: Fourier series method, Woodward-Lawson sampling method, Dolph-Chebyshev method, Taylor synthesis, Orchard-Elliott-Stern synthesis 4. Broadband and Frequency Independent Antennas Helical antenna: Normal mode and axial mode helix, Spiral antennas, Log-Periodic antennas. 5. Aperture Antennas Radiation from an aperture in an infinite ground plane, Radiation from rectangular and circular apertures, Radiation from a slotted rectangular waveguide Horn antennas: E-plane and H-plane sectoral horns, Pyramidal horn, Conical horn

Reflector antennas: parabolic reflector, methods of analysis, dual reflector antennas, offset reflector antenna, gain and efficiency calculations, scanning properties and cross polarization Lens antennas and their applications 6. Microstrip Antennas Rectangular patch antenna: cavity and transmission line models, Circular patch antenna Coupling mechanisms, circular polarization, Microstrip arrays, Broadband and Multiband microstrip antennas, Compact Microstrip Antennas. 7. Dielectric Resonator Antennas Introduction, radiation mechanism, advantages of DRA, types of DRA, feeding techniques, design method, modes. Text Books 1. Balanis, C. A. Reference books 1. Kraus, J. D., R. J. Marhefka 2. Milligan, T. A. 3. Elliott, R. S. : Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design, John Wiley & Sons, 2005. : Antennas for All Applications, McGraw-Hill, 2002. : Modern Antenna Design, John Wiley & Sons, 2005. : Antenna Theory and Design, John Wiley & Sons, 2005.

10B1WEC836

NETWORK SYNTHESIS

(Elective) Credits 3
Lectures 3 Tutorials 0 Practical 0

Pre-requisites: Mathematics I, Network Analysis Objective: The objectives are to study To study the one port and two port network, analysis and synthesis. Passive element R, L and C circuit design. Course Assessment: Mid Term Test 30 End Term Test 45 Teacher Assessment (Based on Assignments, quizzes etc.) 25 Total 100 Course Outcomes: After studying this course the students would gain enough knowledge to synthesize the one port and two port network with the help of passive component. Topics Covered: Analysis of Networks ins Domain: Network elements, Transient and sinusoidal steady state analysis, Network analysis using Laplace transformation, Network functions, Two port networks: Parameters and transfer function, Interconnection of two ports. Elements of Reliability Theory: Causality and Stability, Hurwitz Polynomials, Positive Real Functions, Elementary Synthesis Procedures Synthesis of One-Port Networks with Two Kinds of Elements: Properties of L-C Immittance, Function, Synthesis of L-C Driving-Point Immittances, Properties of R-C Driving-Point Impedances, Synthesis of R-C Impedances or R-L. Admittances, Properties of R-L Impedances and R-C Admittances, Synthesis of Certain R-L-C Functions Elements of Transfer Function: Synthesis Properties of Transfer Functions, Zeros of Transmission, Synthesis of Yn and ZS1 with a 1-Q Termination, Synthesis of ConstantResistance Networks Topics in Filter Design: The Filter Design Problem, Approximation Problem in Network Theory, The Maximally Flat Low-Pass Filter Approximation, Other Low-Pass Filter Approximations, Transient Response of Low-Pass Filters, A Method to Reduce Overshoot in Filters, Maximally Flat Delay and Controllable Magnitude Approximation, Synthesis of LowPass Filters, Magnitude and Frequency Normalization, Frequency Transformations, The Scattering Matrix, ACTIVE FILTER DESIGN: Controlled sources, Op-amp as a controlled source, Sallen and key structure, Single amplifier LP, HP, BP and BR filters, Principle of design, Sensitivity. Text Books
1. Network Analysis and Synthesis by F. F. KUO, Wiley India 2. Network Synthesis by M E Van Valkenberg, PHI

11B11WEC834

OPTICAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

(Elective Course)

Credits 03
Lectures 3 Tutorials 0 Practical 0 Pre-requisites: Electromagnetic Engineering Objective: The objectives are to study To get technical knowledge of the optical communication systems. To develop the skill for design and development of optical fiber for optical communication system. Course Assessment: Mid Term Test 30 End Term Test 45 Teacher Assessment (Based on Assignments, quizzes etc.) 25 Total 100 Course Outcomes: To describe the working principle of optical fiber as well wireless optical communication systems. Topics Covered: UNIT I- INTRODUCTION Overview of optical fiber communication - Historical development, Block diagram of optical fiber communication system, advantages of optical fiber communications, Ray theory transmission, Total internal reflection, Acceptance angle, Numerical aperture, Skew rays, Electromagnetic mode theory of optical propagation, EM waves modes in planar guide, phase and group velocity, cylindrical fibers, Modes, normalized frequency parameters, mode volume, cut-off wavelength, Mode coupling, Step Index fibers, Graded Index fibers. UNIT II- TRANSMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF OPTICAL FIBERS Attenuation Material absorption losses in silica glass fibers, Linear and Non linear scattering losses, Fiber bend losses, Material and waveguide dispersion, Absorption, Optical fiber connectors, Optical coupling into multimode and single mode fibers, Lensing schemes for coupling improvement, Fiber-to-fiber joints, Splicing techniques, Optical fiber connectors. UNIT III- OPTICAL SOURCES Basic concepts Einstein relations and population inversion, Optical feedback and threshold conditions, Direct and indirect band gap semiconductors, Spontaneous and stimulated emission in p-n junction, Optical sources: semiconductor injection lasers structure & Characteristics of injection laser, Hetero junction & DH structure, Light emitting diodes, LED structures - surface and edge emitters, mono and hetero structures, Internal, external and quantum efficiency, comparison of LED and ILD.

UNIT IV- OPTICAL DETECTORS Optical Detectors: concepts, p-n Photo detector, PIN Photo detectors, Avalanche photo diodes, Construction, characteristics and properties, Responsivity and bandwidth of photodetectors, Comparison of performance, Photo detector noise Noise sources. UNIT V- OPTICAL NETWORKS Design of Fiber Optic link: Considerations, Component choice, Multiplexing, Time budget and power budget, BER calculation. Optical Amplifier: Semiconductor optical Amplifier, EDFA, Raman Amplifier, Wideband Optical Amplifiers, WDM: Principle and Practice, Optical TDM systems, SONET/SDH, MUX, Analog and Digital broadband, optical switching.

Text Book:
1. Gerd Keiser : Optical Fiber Communications, 4th Edition (McGraw Hill).

Reference Books:
1. John M. Senior 2. R.P. Khare 3. G. Agrawal : Optical Fiber Communication, PHI/Pearson. : Fiber Optics and Optoelectronics, Oxford University Press. : Fiber optic Communication Systems, John Wiley and Sons.

13B1WEC834

Quantum Effects in semiconductor Physics

(Elective Course)

Credits 3
Lectures 3 Tutorials 0 Practical 0 Pre-requisites: Knowledge of quantum mechanics, solid-state physics and semiconductor materials will be assumed. Objective: Students who complete the course will learn about the physics of semiconductors and their devices, including aspects of growth, transport and application of heterostructure and novel quantum phenomena. Importantly, the students will learn how to distill information from research articles and give scientific presentations. Course Assessment: Mid Term Test 30 End Term Test 45 Teacher Assessment (Based on Assignments, quizzes etc.) 25 Total 100 Course Outcomes: After completion of this course students would gain enough knowledge about Semiconductor heterostructures and quantum confinement, Electron transport in low dimensional structures andvarious growth and fabrication techniques of nanostructures. Topics Covered: Review of Elementary Quantum Mechanics: Operators, Schrdingers wave Equation and its solution, particle in a box, Uncertainty principal and its applications, one dimensional Energy Barriers. Review of Semiconductor Physics: Formation of Energy bands in semiconductor, Concept of effective mass, mass action law, Fermi energy, Density of states, Carrier transport phenomenon, Homojunctions, Heterojunctions ( III-V & II-VI) Heterostructures and Materials for nanoelectronics: Semiconductor heterosructures, Lattice matched, lattice mismatched and pseudomorphic heterostructure, Carbon nano materials: nana tubes and fullerenes. Electron Transport in Semiconductor Heterostructures and in Low dimensional structures: Time and length scale of the electrons in solids, Statistics of electrons in and electron transport in nano structures, Density of states in 3D, 2D, 1D and 0D structures, Electron transport in quantum wells, quantum wires and quantum dots. Growth, Measurement and Fabrication Techniques for nanostructures: Bulk crystal and
hetero-structure growth, Epitaxial growth, Nanolithography, Techniques for characterization of nano structures, Spontaneous formation and ordering of nanostructures, clusters and nanoclusters, Methods of nanotube growth.

Nanostructure Devices: Resonant tunneling diodes, Single-electron-transfer device, Potential-effect transistor. Text Books 1. Vladimir V. Mitin 2. Ben G. Streetman 3. David J. Griffiths : Introduction to nanoelectronics, Cambridge University Press. : Solid State Electronic Devices, 6th Ed. PHI. : Introduction to Quantum Mechanics. 2nd ed. Pearson.

Reference books 1. C. H. W. Barnes 2. C. Kittel 3. S. M. Sze 4. M. J. Kelly

: Quantum Electronics in Semiconductors, Cambridge University Press. : Introduction to Solid State Physics, 7th Ed.,Wiley India : Semiconductor Devices: Physics and Technology, Wiley India : Low-Dimensional Semiconductors : Materials, Physics, Technology,Devices.

12M1WEC232

Real Time Embedded Systems

(Elective) Credits 3
Lectures 3 Tutorials 0 Practical 0

Pre-requisites: Microprocessor Objective: The objectives are to study processor architecture and assembly and how this is related to operating systems. Various design matrics in the embedded system design process. Various terminology in real time operating systems and implementation usecases. Course Assessment: Mid Term Test 30 End Term Test 45 Teacher Assessment (Based on Assignments, quizzes etc.) 25 Total 100 Course Outcomes: After studying this course the students would gain knowledge to various processor architecture and RTOS in the design and implementation of Embedded Systems.. Topics Covered: Introduction to computer architecture and basic generic architecture of general purpose and application specific processor and differentiation. Various concepts introduced in designing of processors. Introduction to Programming Language C and data structure and its interconnection with the architecture through compiler; Introduction to various concepts of Operating Systems; Difference between Operating Systems with real time operating systems; Various scheduling and inter process communication. Concepts of framework for various system calls used for RTOS; Usecase for MicroC operating systems (c OS) for automatic chocolate vending machine (ACVM). Introduction to embedded systems; Useful Design Metrics and concept related; Embedded system design process. Introduction to front end design by VHDL. Various use-case implementations on various languages and platform.

Text Books 1. Vahid 2. Simons, David V. 3. Raj Kamal : Embedded System Design, Wiley. : Embedded Software Primer, Pearson. : Embedded Systems, McGrawHill.

11B1WEC232

SOFTWARE DEFINED RADIO

(Elective)
Lectures- 3 (Credits -3)

Pre-requisites: Analog and Digital communication Objective: With the rapid development of wireless communication networks, it is expected that 4G mobile systems will appear in the market by the end of this decade. These systems will aim at seamlessly integrating the existing wireless technologies on a single handset: together with the traditional power/size/price limitations, the mobile terminal should now comply with a multitude of wireless standards with the aid of software defined radio. Course Assessment: Mid Term Test 30 End Term Test 45 Teacher Assessment (Based on Assignments, quizzes etc.) 25 Total 100 Course Outcomes: After completion of this course the student would assimilate the concepts of different candidate architectures for SDRRF front ends and its implementation techniques along with the intricacies of the relevant concepts of communication techniques embedded with this core idea. Topical Outline: Introduction to SDR: The Need for Software Radios. What is a Software Radio? Characteristics and Benefits of a Software Radio. Design Principles of a Software Radio. Radio frequency implementation issues: The Purpose of the RF Front-End. Dynamic Range: The Principal Challenge of Receiver Design. RF Receiver Front-End Topologies. Enhanced Flexibility of the RF Chain with Software Radios. Importance of the Components to Overall Performance. Transmitter Architectures and Their Issues. Noise and Distortion in the RF Chain. ADC and DAC Distortion. Multirate signal processing: Introduction. Sample Rate Conversion Principles. Polyshase Filters. Digital Filter Banks. Timing Recovery in Digital Receivers Using Multirate Digital Filters. Digital generation of signals: Introduction. Comparison of Direct Digital Synthesis with Analog Signal Synthesis. Approaches to Direct Digital Synthesis. Analysis of Spurious Signals. Spurious Components due to Periodic Jitter. Bandpass Signal Generation. Performance of Direct Digital Synthesis Systems. Hybrid DDS-PLL Systems. Applications of direct Digital Synthesis. Generation of Random Sequences. ROM Compression Techniques. Analog to digital and digital to analog conversion (Part 1):Parameters of ideal data converters; Parameters of practical data converters; Analog to digital and digital to analog conversion (Part 2):Techniques to improve data converter performance; Common ADC and DAC architectures Smart antennas (Part 1) :Vector channel modeling; Benefits of smart antennas; Structures for Beam forming Systems; Smart Antenna Algorithms. Smart antennas (Part 2): Diversity and Space-Time Adaptive Signal Processing; Algorithms for Transmit STAP; Hardware Implementation of Smart Antennas; Array Calibration.

Digital hardware choices : Introduction; Key Hardware Elements; DSP Processors; Field Programmable Gate Arrays; Trade-Offs in Using DSPs, FPGAs, and ASICs; Power Management Issues; Using a Combination of DSPs, FPGAs, and ASICs. Text Books 1. Jeffery H.Reed : Software radio: A modern approach to radio engineering Baseband Analog Circuits for Software Defined Radio

2. Vito Giannini, Jan Craninckx : Reference Journals/Magzines 1. F.K.Jondral

: Software Defined radio-Basics and evolution to cognitive RadioCommunication Engineering Journal : Software Radio architecture: a mathematical perspective. IEEE journal on selected areas in communications

2. J.Mitola

13B1WEC831

SOFT COMPUTING TECHNIQUES

(Elective Course) Credits 3

Lectures 3 Tutorials 0 Practical 0

Pre-requisites: Networks Objective: The objectives are to Make the students learn about the Neural networks, their similarity with Biological neural networks. Make the students train the neural networks for different applications by learning various algorithm and learning paradigms. Make the student learn the programming techniques for neural networks. To familiarize the students the concept of Fuzzy Logic and their practical applications. Course Assessment: Mid Term Test 30 End Term Test 45 Teacher Assessment (Based on Assignments, quizzes etc.) 25 Total 100 Course Outcomes: After studying this course the students would gain enough knowledge to do programming in neural networks and use Fuzzy techniques. Topics Covered: Introduction to neural networks: Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and their biological roots and motivations. Comparison between Artificial and Biological Neural Networks, Applications of Neural network, Network Architecture, Taxonomy of neural networks: feed forward and recurrent networks with merits and limitations of neurocomputing. Neural networks: Learning process: Types of learning, supervised and unsupervised learning laws . Learning Laws : Hebbs rule, Delta rule, Widrow - Hoff (The Least-MeanSquare ) learning rule, correlation learning rule, instar and outstar learning rules, Competitive learning, Credit Assignment Problem, Error Correction learning, Memory based learning, , Boltzmann learning. Neural networks: Supervised leaning: The Perceptron and its learning law, Classification of linearly separable patterns, Multi-Layer Perceptron, Supervised Learning, BackPropagation Learning law. Fast training algorithms. Feed forward networks. Neural networks: unsupervised leaning: Winner takes-all Networks, Competitive Learning, Kohonens Self organizing Maps, Introduction to Adaptive Resonance Theory. Fuzzy theory: Introduction to fuzzy set theory: Probabilistic reasoning, Fuzzy sets, mathematics of fuzzy set theory, operations on fuzzy sets, comparision of fuzzy and crisp set theory. Fuzzy logic: Fuzzy mapping: one to one mapping, max-min principle, extension principle, implication rules mamdani implications. Membership functions: Universe of discourse, mapping inside fuzzy domain, fuzzy membership mapping methods, and application to real world problems.

Text Books 1. Simon Haykin 2. Yegna Narayanan : Artificial Neutral Networks, Pearson Publications : Artificial Neural Networks, PHI

3. S. N. Sivanandam, S. N. Deepa : Principals of soft Computing, Wiley India. Reference books

1. S.N.Sivanandam , S.Sumathi, :Introduction to Neural Networks using MATLAB

McGraw Hills.
2.

J.S. Jang, C.T. Sun, E. Mizutani, :Neuro-Fuzzy and Soft Computing, PHI Learning Private Limited

10M11EC114

VLSI Circuits and System Design

(Core Course for MTech 1 st sem ) Credits 4

Lectures 3 Tutorials 0 Practical 0

Pre-requisites: Digital Electronics, Electronic Circuits Objective: The objectives are To bring both Circuits and System views on design together. It offers a profound understanding of the design of complex digital circuits. To focus solely on deep submicron devices. To learn HDL coding of VLSI systems. Course Assessment: T1 Examination 15 T2 Examination 25 End Term Examination 35 Teacher Assessment (Based on Assignments, quizzes etc.) 25 Total 100 Course Outcomes: After studying this course the students would gain enough knowledge to design any circuit using CMOS and write HDL code for any circuit. Topics Covered: Introduction: A Brief History and Need of Integrated Circuits, Basic Logic gates : n FET, P FET, CMOS, NOT gate, NAND gate, NOR gate, Complexity of VLSI Design: Design Hierarchy, VLSI Design Cycle, Physical Design Cycle, Analog Design Flow, Digital Design Flow, Familiarization with Simulation and Synthesis process PLDs. Introduction to MOS technology and its electrical properties: Basic MOS transistors: Enhancement mode transistor action, Depletion mode transistor action, nMOS fabrication, CMOS fabrication, Drain to source current Ids versus voltage Vds relationships, Non saturated region, Saturated region, MOS transistor transconductance g m and output conductance g ds, figure of merit, MOS resistance and capacitance, MOS transistor circuit model. The Logic-Electronics Interface: nMOS inverter: Determination of pull up and pull down ratio for an nMOS inverter driven by another n MOS inverter, CMOS inverter: DC Characteristics of the CMOS Inverter, Inverter Switching Characteristics, Power Dissipation, DC Characteristics: NAND and NOR Gates, NAND and NOR Transient Response, Analysis of Complex Logic Gates, Gate Design for Transient performance, MOS circuit design process(STICK DIAGRAMS, LAY-OUT). Designing High-speed CMOS Logic Networks and Advanced Techniques in CMOS Logic Circuits: Transmission Gates, Gate Delays, Driving Large Capacitive loads, Logical Efforts, Mirror Circuits, Pseudo-nMOS, Tri State Circuits, Clocked CMOS, Dynamic CMOS Logic Circuits, Dual-Rail Logic Networks, BiCMOS.

VLSI Systems Design: System Specification Using Verilog HDL: Basic Concepts, Structural Gate-Level Modeling, Switch-level Modeling, Design Hierarchies, Behavioral and RTL Modeling, General VLSI System Components: Gates, Adders (Half and Full), Subtractors (Half and Full), Multipliers, Multiplexors, Binary Decoders, Shift and rotation Operation, Latches, D Flip-Flop.

Text Books 1. John P. Uyemura 2. Sung-Mo Kang,Y. Leblebici 3. Adel S. Sedra, K. C. Smith . Reference books 1. J. Rabaey, A. Chandrakasan 2. Palnitkar Samir : Introduction to VLSI Circuits and Systems, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2002. : CMOS Digital Integrated Circuits Analysis and Design,Tata McGraw-Hill Edition 2003 : Microelectronics Circuits, Theory and application Oxford 5th edition International Version.

: Digital Integrated Circuits: A Design Perspective, 3rd Edition 2003 : Verilog HDL: A Guide to Digital Design and Synthesis, Pearson Education, 2nd Edition,2004