Sie sind auf Seite 1von 134

VMware vSphere 5 Training

Getting Started with VMware vSphere 5 Training Course


VMware vSphere 5 Training
Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

Getting Started with VMware vSphere 5 Training Course VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
About Your Instructors Who Should Watch this Course? What is VMware vSphere? What We Cover in the Course

Getting Started with VMware vSphere 5 Training Course VMware vSphere 5 Training

About Your Instructor David Davis


18+ years of IT experience Implemented VMware products in the real-world Worked with performance since 1990s, starting with Unix performance tuning Spoke at VMworld North America Europe

Getting Started with VMware vSphere 5 Training Course VMware vSphere 5 Training

About Your Instructor David Davis


Author of hundreds of vSphere articles on the web including Virtualization Review magazine Author of numerous TrainSignals video training courses including: vSphere 4 and Pro Series vSphere Troubleshooting vSphere Performance Obtained a number of certifications and awards

Getting Started with VMware vSphere 5 Training Course VMware vSphere 5 Training

About Your Instructor Elias Khnaser


Technology Officer for Sigma Solutions I advise clients on Server, desktop, and application virtualization technologies Cloud computing strategies Automation of highly virtualized data centers I LOVE technical training Ive been doing it for years Technical author with many books and CBTs sold to my credit

elias@eliaskhnaser.com Twitter: @ekhnaser Linkedin.com/in/eliaskhnaser

Getting Started with VMware vSphere 5 Training Course VMware vSphere 5 Training

About Your Instructor Elias Khnaser


Virtualize Everything! Ive been working with Citrix technologies and teaching them for 10+ years Authored CBTs for Citrix MetaFrame XP, VMware Infrastructure 3, 3.5 and vSphere 4 Awarded VMware vExpert Frequent speaker at industry conferences and user groups Contributor and blogger for VirtualizationReview.com, InformationWeek, Forbes.com, and EliasKhnaser.com Author and co-author of several books including:

Getting Started with VMware vSphere 5 Training Course VMware vSphere 5 Training

DA Books!

Getting Started with VMware vSphere 5 Training Course VMware vSphere 5 Training

Who Should Watch this Course?


Anyone who wants to learn vSphere 5 Server admins interested in using VMware virtualization in their datacenter Anyone who wants to see new vSphere 5 features in action No vSphere experience is required

Getting Started with VMware vSphere 5 Training Course VMware vSphere 5 Training

What is VMware vSphere?


The most advanced virtualization platform available The server virtualization solution that is going to a save your company money The platform that makes you look like a hero! The foundation for cloud computing

Getting Started with VMware vSphere 5 Training Course VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Cover in the Course


Overview of VMware vSphere 5 Installing VMware ESXi 5 Installing vCenter 5 Installing vCenter 5 as a Linux Appliance (vCSA) Using the vSphere 5 Web Client What's New in vSphere 5 Navigating vSphere Using the vSphere Client vCenter 5 Configuring Your New Virtual Infrastructure Creating and Modifying Virtual Guest Machines Installing and Configuring VMware Tools Understanding and Using Tasks, Events, and Alarms

Getting Started with VMware vSphere 5 Training Course VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Cover in the Course


Virtual Storage 101 and Storage Terminology vSphere Storage Appliance (VSA) Creating a Free iSCSI SAN with OpenFiler Administering VMware ESXi Server Security vSphere Virtual Networking Using the vSphere Distributed Virtual Switch (dvswitch) Moving Virtual Machines with vMotion Moving Virtual Storage with svMotion Performance Optimization with Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS) Implementing High Availability with VMware HA (VMHA) Super High Availability with VMware Fault Tolerance (FT)

Getting Started with VMware vSphere 5 Training Course VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Cover in the Course


Upgrading from VMware vSphere 4 to vSphere 5 vSphere Command Line Interface (CLI) Options vSphere Auto Deploy Storage DRS Policy-Driven Storage Understanding the New vSphere 5 vRAM Pooled Pricing Network I/O Control (NIOC) Storage I/O Control (SIOC) ESXi Firewall VMware Data Recovery (VDR) 2 Administering vSphere Using an iPad

Getting Started with VMware vSphere 5 Training Course VMware vSphere 5 Training

Lab Setup

VMware vSphere 5 Training


Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

Lab Setup VMware vSphere 5 Training

Why Build a Lab?


Learn virtualization, first hand Prove that it works as advertised Prove that it works for your companys applications Prepare for a certification

Lab Setup VMware vSphere 5 Training

Two Ways to Build a Virtualization Lab

1. Virtual Virtualization Lab

2. Physical Virtualization Lab

Lab Setup VMware vSphere 5 Training

Limitations to a Virtual Lab


Required 64-bit CPU with Intel VT or AMD-V Min 4GB of RAM May not power on a 64-bit VM Fault Tolerance (FT) wont work Performance may suffer

Lab Setup VMware vSphere 5 Training

Importance of Shared Storage


Required to use and test vSpheres advanced features Likely not needed with just one ESXi host Shared storage Low-end SAN/NAS Server turned into a NAS Virtual Storage Appliance (VSA)

Lab Setup VMware vSphere 5 Training

Running vSphere in Workstation


Workstation 7 and ESXi 5 Windows 7 Intel 64-bit CPU with VT enabled i7-2630QM @ 2Ghz 6GB of RAM Note: VMware Workstation 7 supports running ESX/ESXi as a VM and editing VM configuration files is no longer necessary

Lab Setup VMware vSphere 5 Training

vSphere 5 Lab Setup


Multiple labs were used in the creation of this course Lab #1 Two Dell T610 Servers with 8GB of RAM and Xeon 5500 series CPUs + Iomega ix4-200D

Lab Setup VMware vSphere 5 Training

vSphere 5 Lab Setup


Lab #2 Samsung i7 Laptop with 6GB of RAM running VMware Workstation

Lab Setup VMware vSphere 5 Training

vSphere 5 Lab Setup


Lab #3 Fujitsu blade servers

Lab Setup VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
Build a vSphere lab to learn vSphere or to create a vSphere proof of concept (POC) for your company There are multiple ways to build a vSphere lab Virtual vSphere labs are the least expensive and most portable but also the least functional and more prone to performance issues Physical vSphere labs vary greatly in cost but offer the most opportunity to test advanced features without potential performance issues

Course Scenario

VMware vSphere 5 Training


Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

Course Scenario VMware vSphere 5 Training

Our Scenario
Who is the Wired Brain Coffee Company? Multiple datacenters Uses vSphere for server consolidation Usually managed by one vCenter Server A simple virtual infrastructure Why do we use a scenario? Useful for scenarios Scenarios help you remember Remembering means you retain what you learn so you can use it later

Overview of VMware vSphere 5

VMware vSphere 5 Training


Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

Overview of VMware vSphere 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
vSphere 5 Overview vSphere 5 Components Packaging and Versions Cloud Computing Ecosystem

Overview of VMware vSphere 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

vSphere 5 Overview
Virtualization hypervisor and associated suite of products vSphere includes ESXi and is sold in kits and per-socket licenses vCenter is sold separately but is required No more ESX Server ESXi is a type 1 hypervisor

Overview of VMware vSphere 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

vSphere 5 Components
ESXi vCenter vSphere Client vMotion svMotion Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS) Storage DRS DPM VMHA Fault Tolerance (FT) vShield Zones Data Recovery Hot Add Distributed Switch VMFS Thin Provisioning Update Manager Storage I/O Control (SIOC) Network I/O Control (NIOC) Host Profiles

Graphic Thanks to VMware.com

Overview of VMware vSphere 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

Packaging and Versions


vSphere breaks down into these options: vSphere Hypervisor FREE vSphere Essentials Kit and Essentials Plus Kit vSphere Acceleration Kits Std, Ent, Ent+ vSphere per CPU socket & vRAM entitlement Standard Enterprise Enterprise Plus Note: advanced is no longer available PLUS vCenter Foundations (up to 3 hosts) Standard See: http://www.vmware.com/products/vsphere/pricing.html

Overview of VMware vSphere 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

Cloud Computing
VMware vCloud products vCloud Director (vCD) vCloud Datacenter providers vCloud Express vCloud Request Manager vCloud API

Image by VMware.com

Overview of VMware vSphere 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

Ecosystem
VMware Partner Network The VMware Ecosystem is strong It includes: Hardware vendors Consulting companies VMware View partners Virtual appliance partners Third-party software companies Bloggers and community members Book authors Training providers
Image by VMware.com

Overview of VMware vSphere 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
vSphere 5 Overview vSphere 5 Components Packaging and Versions Cloud Computing Ecosystem

Installing VMware ESXi 5


VMware vSphere 5 Training
Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

Installing VMware ESXi 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
ESXi Installation Requirements What Happened to ESX Server? Downloading VMware ESXi 5 Installing VMware ESXi 5 ESXi Initial Configuration Installing the vSphere Client

Installing VMware ESXi 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

ESXi Installation Requirements


VMware ESXi Runs directly on your hardware It is the operating system Talks directly to your hardware including NIC and storage controller Requirements: 64-bit CPU with Intel VT or AMD-V enabled 2098MB of RAM is the minimum but likely youll want 8GB+ Gig-E or 10Gig-Ethernet controller

Installing VMware ESXi 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

ESXi Installation Requirements


vSphere 5.0 supports booting ESXi hosts from the Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI). With UEFI you can boot systems from hard drives, CD-ROM drives, or USB media. ESXi can boot from a disk larger than 2TB provided that the system firmware and the firmware on any addin card that you are using supports it. Check hardware compatibility (HCL/HCG) at www.vmware.com/go/hcl For testing purposes only, it is possible to run ESXi in Workstation or Fusion VMware Fault Tolerance (FT) has more specific hardware requirements vSphere storage has its own set of requirements

Installing VMware ESXi 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

What Happened to ESX Server?


ESX Server has been deprecated/discontinued Redhat Linux-based service console required more frequent updates and had a larger attack surface Maintaining two platforms didnt make sense Took longer to install and boot Used more resources ESXi type-1 hypervisor Thinner Less updates More secure Still has a very thin local CLI Loads and installs super-fast Performs all the advanced features of ESX

Installing VMware ESXi 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

Downloading VMware ESXi 5


vSphere (with ESXi) is available with 60 day evaluation from www.vmware.com/tryvmware Or, if you have a registered license, just download the ISO from www.vmware.com/download ESXi is a 321MB CD ISO

Installing VMware ESXi 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

Installing VMware ESXi 5


1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Burn ISO to CD and put in drive Make sure VT is enabled in server BIOS Boot the CD Answer installation questions, reboot, and you are ready to use ESXi 5 Perform initial configuration (recommended) Connect with vSphere Client!

Installing VMware ESXi 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

ESXi Initial Configuration


1. 2. Login with F2 and root password Configure IP address, SM, DG, DNS servers, hostname, and domain 3. Add to your DNS server 4. Add to vCenter by DNS name 5. Optional: Configure NTP on the ESXi server Connect ESXi server to SAN Configure lockdown mode Enable tech support mode and remote tech support mode Note: New in ESXi 5, the root password is set at installation time

Installing VMware ESXi 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

Installing the vSphere Client


Available in either a Windows version or a new web-based version Only Windows version offers 100% of features today vSphere Client is now downloaded from VMware.com An ESXi host or vCenter server will direct you vSphere Client is also found on vCenter installation media Hardware requirements to run the Windows vSphere Client are low Windows version requires that you install the .NET client Web-based version requires that you install Adobe Flash

Installing VMware ESXi 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
ESXi Installation Requirements What Happened to ESX Server? Downloading VMware ESXi 5 Installing VMware ESXi 5 ESXi Initial Configuration Installing the vSphere Client

Installing vCenter 5

VMware vSphere 5 Training


Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

Installing vCenter 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
What is vCenter Server? vCenter Server Blueprint vCenter Server Physical or Virtual? vCenter Server Features HW and SW Requirements Database Requirements Port Requirements
How to Evaluate vCenter 5?

Installing vCenter 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

What is vCenter Server?


vCenter is a centralized management application and framework that serves as a proxy for managing ESXi hosts and their virtual machines vCenter is a requirement for enterprise features like: VMware vMotion VMware High Availability (HA) VMware Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS) VMware Update Manager (UM) And more

Installing vCenter 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

vCenter Server Blueprint


Core Services

VM provisioning, Task Scheduler, Events Logging, Host and VM Configuration, Inventory, vApp, Alarms and Events, Statistics and Logging Features like vMotion, HA and DRS Plugins like Update Manager, vShield Zones, Orchestrator, Data Recovery, Storage Monitoring, Hardware and Service Status Database connectivity ESXi host management Active Directory integration SDK for developers

Distributed Services Additional Services

Database Interface ESXi Host Management Active Directory Interface vSphere API

Installing vCenter 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

vCenter Server Physical or Virtual?


vCenter Server can be physical or virtual Physical requires a dedicated machine Physical is not at risk of vSphere outages Virtual can be backed with other VMs Virtual does not waste an entire server on VC Virtual can participate in HA and be vMotioned Virtual is at risk of vSphere outages

Installing vCenter 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

vCenter Server Pre-installation


vCenter needs to be part of a domain Assign static IP and hostname Create the back-end database Determine licensing options Correct time and date Server must be registered in DNS and you must be able to resolve it from all ESXi hosts vCenter should not be a domain controller Account you are installing under should have: Member of administrator group Act as part of operating system Log on as a service

Installing vCenter 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

vCenter Server Features


ESXi Management

Access Control

VM Management

vCenter
Update Manager

Templates

Converter Enterprise

Installing vCenter 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

HW and SW Requirements
Hardware Requirements: CPU 2 64-bit CPU or 1 64-bit dual-core CPU (2GHX or better) Memory 4GB or more if DB running on vCenter Server Storage a minimum of 4GB is needed; more if DB installed Networking a 1GB or better Software Requirements: Windows Server 2003 Std, Ent or Datacenter 64-bit SP2 Windows Server 2003 R2 Std, Ent or Datacenter 64-bit SP1 Windows Server 2008 Std, Ent and Datacenter 64-bit SP2 Windows Server 2008 R2 Std, Ent and Datacenter 64-bit Microsoft .NET 3.5 SP1 Framework Microsoft Windows Installer 4.5 (If using SQL 2008 R2 Express)

Installing vCenter 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

Database Requirements
Supported Databases: IBM DB2 9.5 and 9.7 Microsoft SQL Server 2008 R2 Express Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Microsoft SQL Server 2008 and 2008 R2 Oracle 10g R2 and 11g Default DB: Microsoft SQL Server 2008 R2 Express Can be used in production for small environments of up to 5 hosts and 50 VMs Ideal for demos and eval

Installing vCenter 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

Database Space Calculator


Built-in DB calculator Estimates disk space required based on number of hosts, VMs, and amount of statics required It is an estimator and no changes are made to the DB

Installing vCenter 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

Port Requirements
80/443 for Web access 902 for heartbeat, ESXi management and VM console 8080 / 8443 for Web services and HTTPS Web Services 389 for LDAP, can be changed, 1025 to 65535 636 for vCenter Linked Mode, can be changed, 1025 65535 60099 Web service change service notification port 10443 vCenter Inventory Service HTTPS 10109 vCenter Inventory Service Management 10111 vCenter Inventory Service Linked Mode Communications

Installing vCenter 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

How to Evaluate vCenter 5?


60 day evaluation at

www.vmware.com/tryvmware

Or, with registered license, just download the ISO from www.vmware.com/download Available as an ISO or ZIP file

Installing vCenter 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
What is vCenter Server? vCenter Server Blueprint vCenter Server Physical or Virtual? vCenter Server Features HW and SW Requirements Database Requirements Port Requirements How to Evaluate vCenter 5?

Installing vCenter 5 as a Linux Appliance (vCSA)


VMware vSphere 5 Training
Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

Installing vCenter 5 as a Linux Appliance (vCSA) VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
What is the vCenter Server Appliance? Pros and Cons to Using vCenter as an Appliance Deploying the vCenter Server 5 Appliance (vCSA) Testing vCSA with the vSphere Client

Installing vCenter 5 as a Linux Appliance (vCSA) VMware vSphere 5 Training

What is the vCenter Server Appliance?


A new option in vSphere 5 for deploying vCenter Server A Linux-based virtual machine, optimized for running vCenter Server No knowledge of Linux is required No installation has to be performed Fastest way to get vSphere 5 up and running There is no additional cost to using this method (a vCenter license is required)

Installing vCenter 5 as a Linux Appliance (vCSA) VMware vSphere 5 Training

Pros and Cons to Using vCenter as an Appliance


Pros Supports all traditional vCenter features like DRS, SDRS, HA, host profiles, dvSwitch, etc. No Windows license is required No Windows install has to be done No vCenter install has to be done Deployment is simple & FAST Cons Doesnt support SQL as an external database vCenter Server linked mode doesnt work vCenter Server heartbeat doesnt work No single-sign on using Windows session credentials vSphere Storage Appliance (VSA) isnt compatible

Installing vCenter 5 as a Linux Appliance (vCSA) VMware vSphere 5 Training

Deploying the vCenter Server 5 Appliance (vCSA)


Will need an already installed ESXi server and the vSphere Client Download files from VMware.com .OVF files Appliance data disk Appliance system disk about 4 GB Use the Deploy OVF option in the vSphere Client Once up and running the default credentials are: root/vmware You can perform network and timezone configuration using the text menu on the console You will want vCSA to have a static IP address and DNS host record on your DNS server

Installing vCenter 5 as a Linux Appliance (vCSA) VMware vSphere 5 Training

Deploying the vCenter Server 5 Appliance (vCSA)


The only steps absolutely required to use vCSA is: Test and Save the vCenter database settings (the vCenter Inventory Service, on the console) Start vCenter Services on the vCSA VM However, recommended configurations are: Set a static IP Set the timezone Change the root password Configure Windows AD authentication Size the embedded database for your vSphere infrastructure Then restart the vCSA VM

Installing vCenter 5 as a Linux Appliance (vCSA) VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
What is the vCenter Server Appliance? Pros and Cons to Using vCenter as an Appliance Deploying the vCenter Server 5 Appliance (vCSA) Testing vCSA with the vSphere Client

Using the vSphere 5 Web Client


VMware vSphere 5 Training
Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

Using the vSphere 5 Web Client VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
vSphere 5 Web Client Overview Installing the Server for the Web Client Authorizing the Web Client Server Using the vSphere 5 Web Client

Using the vSphere 5 Web Client VMware vSphere 5 Training

vSphere 5 Web Client Overview


A web-based version of the vSphere Client Built with Adobe Flex (currently in use with VMware View Administration tools) The web-client is the future of vSphere administration The current vSphere Client, built in C# will go away one day Offers nice recent tasks and work in progress windows Requires: Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 and 8 or Mozilla Firefox 3.5 and 3.6 Requires: Adobe Flash Player version 10.1.0 or later to be installed in your browser Also requires Adobe Flash to be installed on the server side where you are authorizing the web client

Using the vSphere 5 Web Client VMware vSphere 5 Training

vSphere 5 Web Client Overview


No plugins work with the web-client (yet) The web-client is not required by or related to the vCenter Server Appliance (vCSA) The web client (server) is required to view the vRAM pool utilization report in the regular vSphere client Installation of the vSphere client (server) is done from the vCenter media It can be installed on any system that meets the requirements but I typically put it on the Windows vCenter Server

Using the vSphere 5 Web Client VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
vSphere 5 Web Client Overview Installing the Server for the Web Client Authorizing the Web Client Server Using the vSphere 5 Web Client

Whats New in vSphere 5


VMware vSphere 5 Training
Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

Whats New in vSphere 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
vSphere 5 Platform Enhancements vSphere Storage vSphere Networking vCenter 5.0 The New High Availability HA vCenter Site Recovery Manager 5 vCloud Director 1.5 vShield 5.0

Whats New in vSphere 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

vSphere 5 Platform Enhancements


Convergence Auto deploy and image builder Unified CLI VM enhanced capabilities Support for up to 160 Logical CPUs Up to 2TB physical RAM Up to 512 VMs per host with a max of 2048 vCPUs Host UEFI BIOS Mac OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard guest OS support on Apple HW Improved SNMP Support

Whats New in vSphere 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

vSphere Storage
Storage DRS (SDRS) Profile Driven Storage VMFS-5 vSphere APIs for Storage Awareness VASA vSphere APIs for Array Integration VAAI vSphere Storage Appliance VSA iSCSI UI support Storage I/O Control NFS support Swap to SSD Storage vMotion Snapshot support VMware View Accelerator

Whats New in vSphere 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

vSphere Networking
Enhanced network I/O control vNetwork Distributed Switch improvements ESXi firewall

Whats New in vSphere 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

vCenter 5.0
Traditional install vCenter Linux Appliance Solution installation and management vSphere full client vSphere web client Enhanced logging support

Whats New in vSphere 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

VM Enhanced Capabilities
VM Hardware Version 8 Up to 32 vCPUs including multi-core support Up to 1TB of vRAM Up to 1 million IOPS Support for client connected USB USB 3 Non Hardware Accelerated 3D Graphics support UEFI Virtual BIOS Smart Card Readers VMware Tools versions support matrix GUI configuration of multicore vCPUs Mac OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard guest OS support on Apple HW

Whats New in vSphere 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

Auto Deploy and Image Builder


Centrally manage stateless hardware PXE boots / streams image into local memory Host configuration provided by answer file and / or host profiles Image builder streamlines the creation of customized installation media
vCenter Server with Auto Deploy
Image Profiles Host Profiles

Whats New in vSphere 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

Storage DRS
Enabled with Storage vMotion Initial VM placement Automated load balancing Storage space utilization Lowest latency Affinity rules VMDK Affinity VMDK Anti-affinity VM Anti-affinity

2TB

datastore cluster

500GB 500GB 500GB 500GB

datastores

Whats New in vSphere 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

Profile Driven Storage


Matches storage capabilities to VM storage requirements to meet SLAs Leverages VASA Storage APIs Array Awareness Ideally leverage SDRS and Profile Drive Storage to reduce OpEx while meeting SLAs

VMFS-5
Feature 2TB+ VMFS volumes Support for 2TB+ physical RDMs Unified block size (1MB) Atomic test and set enhancements (part of VAAI, locking mechanism) Sub-blocks for space efficiency Small file support Space reclamation on thin provisioned LUNs Monitoring of space when using thin provisioning VMFS-3 Yes (using extents) No No No 64KB (max ~3k) No No (manual) No VMFS-5 Yes (64TB) Yes Yes Yes 8KB (max ~30k) 1KB Yes (enhanced VAAI) Yes (enhanced VAAI)

Whats New in vSphere 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

VMware View Accelerator


Server Virtualization is about consolidation, containment and availability Desktop Virtualization is about standardization and customization Desktops will always have exceptions Not much CapEx savings, but significant OpEx savings

VMware vSphere

Whats New in vSphere 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

The New High Availability HA


Fault Domain Manager FDM Failure detection Management Network and Storage Communications One log file per server /etc/opt/vmware/fdm No reliance on DNS Eliminate common issues IPv6 support Resource Pool Enhanced UI VMware VMware VMware Enhanced deployment ESX ESX ESXi

Operating Server

Failed Server

Operating Server

Whats New in vSphere 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

vCenter Site Recovery Manager 5


vSphere replication Hypervisor based replication Bundled with SRM File-level consistency (except planned migration) Support for storage based replication Automated failback Planned migration Application-consistent migration New workflow applied to any plan IPv6
Servers Servers Site A (Primary)
VMware vCenter Server Site Recover y Manager

Site B (Recovery)
VMware vCenter Server

Site Recover y Manager

VMware vSphere

VMware vSphere

Whats New in vSphere 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

vCloud Director 1.5


Most Agile Access to Cloud Infrastructure

Fast Provisioning (Linked Clones) vApp Custom Guest Properties 3rd party distributed switch support vCloud Messages Microsoft SQL Server Support Expanded vCloud API and SDK vSphere 5 support

Secure Isolation and Simple Management

The Only Hybrid Cloud Infrastructure

vShield Edge VPN Integration

Whats New in vSphere 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

vShield 5
vShield Edge
Edge

vShield App with Data Security


Security Zone

vShield Endpoint
Endpoint = VM

Secure the edge of the virtual datacenter

Create segmentation between silos of workloads Sensitive Data Discovery

Offload anti-virus processing

DMZ

Application 1

Application 2

vShield Manager
Endpoint = VM

Centralized Management

Whats New in vSphere 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
vSphere 5 Platform Enhancements vSphere Storage vSphere Networking vCenter 5.0 The New High Availability HA vCenter Site Recovery Manager 5 vCloud Director 1.5 vShield 5.0

Navigating vSphere Using the vSphere Client


VMware vSphere 5 Training
Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

Navigating vSphere Using the vSphere Client VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
vSphere Terminology (Lingo) Using the vSphere Client Performing VM Guest Remote Control Navigating the vSphere Client with Hotkeys Searching the Virtual Infrastructure Sorting and Filtering in the vSphere Client Exporting Data Running Reports

Navigating vSphere Using the vSphere Client VMware vSphere 5 Training

vSphere Terminology (Lingo)


vCenter Server vSphere Client ESXi vMA (Virtual) Data Center VM (Virtual Machine) Host / Guest Datastore Folder Resource Pool Cluster Networks (virtual networks)

Navigating vSphere Using the vSphere Client VMware vSphere 5 Training

Using the vSphere Client


Has a HOME screen Only displays what you have licensed Different views when connected to vCenter vs ESXi host Remembers last connection view Back functionality Like a web browser

Using the vSphere Client

Navigating vSphere Using the vSphere Client VMware vSphere 5 Training

Performing VM Guest Remote Control


Make sure you install the VMware Tools Console tab or pop-up window Hot Keys Ctrl-Alt = release mouse (no VMware Tools) Ctrl-Alt-Ins = Ctrl-Alt-Del Ctrl-Alt-Enter = to switch back and forth to full screen

Navigating the vSphere Client with Hotkeys

Navigating vSphere Using the vSphere Client VMware vSphere 5 Training

Searching the Virtual Infrastructure


Google for your VI From the Home Screen or any vSphere client window Search for VMs, hosts, datastores, networks, and folders Linked mode is supported Simple and advanced searching

Navigating vSphere Using the vSphere Client VMware vSphere 5 Training

Sorting and Filtering in the vSphere Client


Sort lists by clicking on column headings Filter a list by keyword You can also export a list in a variety of formats

Navigating vSphere Using the vSphere Client VMware vSphere 5 Training

Exporting Data
List Export HTML, HTML with CSS, XLS, CSV, or XML OVF File, Events, Maps, and System Logs

Navigating vSphere Using the vSphere Client VMware vSphere 5 Training

Running Reports
Host Summary Performance

Navigating vSphere Using the vSphere Client VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
vSphere Terminology (Lingo) Using the vSphere Client Performing VM Guest Remote Control Navigating the vSphere Client with Hotkeys Searching the Virtual Infrastructure Sorting and Filtering in the vSphere Client Exporting Data Running Reports

vCenter 5 Configuring Your New Virtual Infrastructure


VMware vSphere 5 Training
Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

vCenter 5 Configuring Your New Virtual Infrastructure VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
Planning the Virtual Infrastructure Adding Datacenters, Folders, and Hosts Configuring vSphere Licensing Removing Getting Started Tabs Configuring the ESXi Server Clock and NTP vCenter Server Settings and Plugins Reviewing System Logs, vCenter Sessions, and Service Status Monitoring ESXi Host Health Hardware Status

vCenter 5 Configuring Your New Virtual Infrastructure VMware vSphere 5 Training

Planning the Virtual Infrastructure


Proper naming and organization of the virtual infrastructure is critical This structure will be used to delegate permissions to users and groups Develop a standard naming convention for ESXi hosts and guest VMs Organize by Physical site Company division Purpose of infrastructure Or other system that makes sense in your organization

vCenter 5 Configuring Your New Virtual Infrastructure VMware vSphere 5 Training

Planning the Virtual Infrastructure


vCenter inventory can contain: Folder Datacenter Folder can contain: Folder Datacenter Datacenter can contain: Folder Cluster Host Virtual Machine

vCenter 5 Configuring Your New Virtual Infrastructure VMware vSphere 5 Training

Naming Convention
GGLT-AAABBB## Header portion: GG geographical location L location should be generic and not vendor or building specific to facilitate moves, building name changes due to mergers, out of business etc T type - required delimiter to signify the end of the header portion Variable portion: AAA function / service / purpose BBB application Unique ID: ## 2 digit sequence #

vCenter 5 Configuring Your New Virtual Infrastructure VMware vSphere 5 Training

Naming Convention Examples


CHEV-DC01 Chicago Datacenter, Virtual server, Domain Controller, sequence #1 CHEV-FS01 Chicago Datacenter, Virtual server, File Server, sequence #1 CHEV-EXH01 Chicago Datacenter, Virtual server, Microsoft Exchange, sequence #1 CHEP-ESX01 Chicago Datacenter, Physical server, VMware ESXi, sequence #1 CHTV-CTXJDE01 - ???

vSphere Network Virtualization Diagram

Bandon, OR

Dallas, TX

Hilton Head, SC

vCenter 5 Configuring Your New Virtual Infrastructure VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
Planning the Virtual Infrastructure Adding Datacenters, Folders, and Hosts Configuring vSphere Licensing Removing Getting Started Tabs Configuring the ESXi Server Clock and NTP vCenter Server Settings and Plugins Reviewing System Logs, vCenter Sessions, and Service Status Monitoring ESXi Host Health Hardware Status

Creating and Modifying Virtual Guest Machines


VMware vSphere 5 Training
Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

Creating and Modifying Virtual Guest Machines VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
Three Ways to Create Virtual Machines Downloading VMs from Virtual Appliance Marketplace VMware Guest OS Install Guide Changing BIOS Settings in a Guest VM Creating ISO Images of CD/DVD Install Media Creating a Library of ISO Installation Media Using the vSphere Datastore Browser Using Secure Copy Protocol (SCP) with vSphere Accessing ESXi Using SSH Creating a New Virtual Machine with a Fresh OS Install vSphere 5 EFI Firmware Option

Creating and Modifying Virtual Guest Machines VMware vSphere 5 Training

Three Ways to Create Virtual Machines


1. Fresh OS install 2. Download and deploy (import) a virtual appliance 3. P2V conversion

Creating and Modifying Virtual Guest Machines VMware vSphere 5 Training

Downloading VMs from Virtual Appliance Marketplace


http://www.vmware.com/appliances Thousands of VMs available Some are unlimited free use where others are limited trials Once downloaded, simply deploy them in the vSphere Client

Creating and Modifying Virtual Guest Machines VMware vSphere 5 Training

VMware Guest OS Install Guide


vSphere 5 supports more guest OSs than any other virtualization product Best resource for learning guest OS gotchas is the VMware Guest OS Install Guide found at http://www.vmware.com/pdf/GuestOS_guide.pdf Another excellent tool is the vSphere 5 Virtual Machine Administration Guide

Creating and Modifying Virtual Guest Machines VMware vSphere 5 Training

Changing BIOS Settings in a Guest VM


A VM has a virtual BIOS, just like a physical server has a real BIOS on the motherboard Telling the BIOS to boot a guest OS Install CD/DVD can be tricky To enter the Phoenix BIOS press F2 before the guest OS begins booting To boot an a CD/DVD, press ESC for the boot menu In the BIOS you can set the boot order (CD then HD) Note: while we typically call this BIOS, VMware calls it firmware and you can select between the standard BIOS and the new EFI firmware option

Creating and Modifying Virtual Guest Machines VMware vSphere 5 Training

Creating ISO Images of CD/DVD Install Media


You can create an ISO with most CD/DVD authoring applications For a quick and easy ISO authoring app, I recommend: LC ISO Creator http://www.lucersoft.com/freeware.php FREE ISO Recorder (XP and Vista/7 versions) http://isorecorder.alexfeinman.com/W7.htm

Creating and Modifying Virtual Guest Machines VMware vSphere 5 Training

Creating a Library of ISO Installation Media


Important to have an ISO library of commonly used OS and App CD/DVD media Benefits: No media to worry about No physical access to servers No slow network transfers or mounts Store this on your SAN so that all ESXi hosts can access it

Creating and Modifying Virtual Guest Machines VMware vSphere 5 Training

Using the vSphere Datastore Browser


Datastore browser allows you to access files that the ESXi server can see in the VMFS Access the datastore browser via: Web browser directly to the ESXi server vSphere Client

Creating and Modifying Virtual Guest Machines VMware vSphere 5 Training

Using Secure Copy Protocol (SCP) with vSphere


ESXi doesnt support FTP You can use SCP to copy files to and from an ESXi server There are lots of free SCP tools available on the web I am a fan of Veeams free FastSCP

Creating and Modifying Virtual Guest Machines VMware vSphere 5 Training

Accessing ESXi Using SSH


ESXi doesnt support telnet (it uses clear text authentication) Enabling remote tech support mode on the ESXi server enables a SSH server From there, you can access the ESXi server via SSH with a SSH client like PuTTY This will give you access to manipulate files in the VMFS datastores

Creating and Modifying Virtual Guest Machines VMware vSphere 5 Training

Creating a New Virtual Machine with a Fresh OS


Creating a new VM is easy but keep in mind the consequences of doing so: Cost of software license Management overhead Documentation Training of junior administrators and support staff Backups must be performed 3rd party software licenses based on # of servers

Creating and Modifying Virtual Guest Machines VMware vSphere 5 Training

Creating a New Virtual Machine with a Fresh OS


To create a new VM, you need to know: Name of the VM (recommend a standard) Server and datastore to place the VM in Operating system (32 or 64-bit) Number of vCPUs RAM Disk size and type You need to have the ISO file available in: Local VMFS datastore on the server or SAN Physical media on the server Client device ISO file on your local computer or a network share

Creating and Modifying Virtual Guest Machines VMware vSphere 5 Training

vSphere 5 EFI Firmware Option


With vSphere 5, you can choose from traditional BIOS firmware or new EFI firmware New EFI firmware doesnt: Work with Windows Work with any kind of network boot New EFI firmware does: Allow you to use Mac OSX (on a ESXi host running on an Apple platform) Offers built in drivers for HW and a shell Note that, also new in vSphere 5, ESXi servers can be booted on systems that are using the EFI firmware, allowing ESXi servers to be booted from hard drives, CD drives, and USB devices

Creating and Modifying Virtual Guest Machines VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
Three Ways to Create Virtual Machines Downloading VMs from Virtual Appliance Marketplace VMware Guest OS Install Guide Changing BIOS Settings in a Guest VM Creating ISO Images of CD/DVD Install Media Creating a Library of ISO Installation Media Using the vSphere Datastore Browser Using Secure Copy Protocol (SCP) with vSphere Accessing ESXi Using SSH Creating a New Virtual Machine with a Fresh OS Install vSphere 5 EFI Firmware Option

Installing and Configuring VMware Tools


VMware vSphere 5 Training
Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

Installing and Configuring VMware Tools VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
Why You Need VMware Tools Installing VMware Tools in Windows Configuring VMware Tools with VMware Toolbox Installing VMware Tools in Linux Searching and Sorting to Check VMware Status Updating VMware Tools

Installing and Configuring VMware Tools VMware vSphere 5 Training

Why You Need VMware Tools


VMware Tools are a set of drivers installed in each VM Guest OS VMwares documentation says: Installing VMware Tools in the guest operating system is vital.

Although the guest operating system can run without VMware Tools, you lose important functionality and convenience.

To the novice, VMware Tools appear as a simple application The VMware Tools service/daemon Windows VMwareService.exe Linux and Solaris vmware-guestd

Installing and Configuring VMware Tools VMware vSphere 5 Training

Why You Need VMware Tools


VMware Tools provides: Time sync between host and guest Windows controls grabbing/releasing mouse Contains the following drivers: SVGA vmxnet network driver for some guest OSs BusLogic SCSI for some guests Memory control driver for efficient memory allocation between VMs Sync driver to quiescence IO for backup VMware mouse driver

Installing and Configuring VMware Tools VMware vSphere 5 Training

Why You Need VMware Tools


VMware Tools provides: VMware Tools Control Panel modifies settings, shrinks virtual disks, and connects/disconnects virtual devices Scripts can run when the power state of the VM changes if you configure them VMware User Process enables copy and paste of text between guest and host Windows VMwareUser.exe Linux/Solaris vmware-user VMware Tools Installers ISO images, installed when ESXi is installed Without VMware Tools the guest shutdown and restart options in the vSphere Client do not work

Installing and Configuring VMware Tools VMware vSphere 5 Training

Installing the VMware Tools in Windows


Simple and easy Make sure you read the VMware Guest Install Guide for info on your specific Windows OS

Installing and Configuring VMware Tools VMware vSphere 5 Training

Installing the VMware Tools in Linux


USE SUPPORTED LINUX GUEST OS Use the RPM or TAR installer RPM is preferred For TAR file, run vmware-install.pl Run vmware-config-tools.pl located in /usr/bin. Tools are installed in /usr/lib/vmware-tools Configuration files are in /etc/vmware-tools Executables are in /usr/bin To start the VMware Tools Toolbox, run vmware-toolbox

Searching and Sorting to Check VMware Status

Updating VMware Tools

Installing and Configuring VMware Tools VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
Why You Need VMware Tools Installing VMware Tools in Windows Configuring VMware Tools with VMware Toolbox Installing VMware Tools in Linux Searching and Sorting to Check VMware Status Updating VMware Tools

Understanding and Using Tasks, Events, and Alarms


VMware vSphere 5 Training
Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

Understanding and Using Tasks, Events, and Alarms VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
Understanding Tasks and Events Configuring SNMP and SMTP Email in vCenter Alerting You with vCenter Alarms

Understanding and Using Tasks, Events, and Alarms VMware vSphere 5 Training

Understanding Tasks and Events


Tasks are initiated by you (or in some cases by system) Events record Tasks and events that occur on the system Alarm condition reached Datastore out of space, etc Tasks and Events are available at just about every level of the inventory and on every type of object You can filter and sort Tasks and Events You can export Events Checkout the Events Home You can create Scheduled Tasks

Understanding and Using Tasks, Events, and Alarms VMware vSphere 5 Training

Configuring SNMP and SMTP Email in vCenter


Different types of SNMP in vSphere: Outbound traps Inbound statistics gathering Here, we are talking about sending outbound traps to a network mgmt station Like SNMP, SMTP is used as an alarm trigger vCenter does the sending, not the ESXi Server Very simple SMTP configuration in vCenter vCenter offers only the configuration of the SMTP server and username

Understanding and Using Tasks, Events, and Alarms VMware vSphere 5 Training

Alerting You with vCenter Alarms


Alarms can alert you or take action on one of hundreds of potential conditions in the VI You could: Receive SNMP trap Receive SMTP Email Start/Stop a VM Execute a script And more You can also configure alarms based on Thin Provisioning and the vNetwork Distributed Switch (vDS)!

Understanding and Using Tasks, Events, and Alarms VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
Understanding Tasks and Events Configuring SNMP and SMTP Email in vCenter Alerting You with vCenter Alarms

Virtual Storage 101 and Storage Terminology


VMware vSphere 5 Training
Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

Virtual Storage 101 and Storage Terminology VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
Storage 101 Virtual Disks and VMFS Data Transfer Comparing Storage Technologies Storage Area Network (SAN) 101 Fiber Channel SAN Components Addressing FC SAN LUNs Understanding iSCSI Storage Why You Need a SAN Storage Terms You Must Know What is in a Datastore? ESXi Server Storage Options VMFS Specs and Maximums

Virtual Storage 101 and Storage Terminology VMware vSphere 5 Training

Storage 101 Virtual Disks and VMFS


vSphere provides host-level storage virtualization, which

logically abstracts the physical storage layer from virtual machines. VMware FC Documentation
VMs not aware VM uses virtual disks VDs can be managed easier VMs use virtual SCSI controllers to see VD

Virtual Storage 101 and Storage Terminology VMware vSphere 5 Training

Storage 101 Virtual Disks and VMFS


Each VM, through the SCSI controller, can access VMFS datastore, NFS datastore, or raw disk (RDM) VMFS is the VMware File System, a specialized virtualization clustered FS providing distributed locking VMs VDs are stored in VMFS datastores VMFS could be local, iSCSI, or FC Centralized Storage is required for advanced features of vSphere like vMotion, VMHA, FT, and DRS Most of the time, that centralized storage is a SAN

Storage 101 Virtual Disks and VMFS

Graphic thanks to VMware.com

Virtual Storage 101 and Storage Terminology VMware vSphere 5 Training

Data Transfer
Block Level Transfer Presentation of storage that can be formatted and managed as local drive For example, a Windows host that has been presented a unit of storage from a storage area network identifies the storage as if it were a local disk and the host is permitted to format the disk File Level Transfer Presentation of storage that has been formatted and is managed from the host presenting the storage For example, a Windows host with a mapped drive to a shared directory does not have the ability to format the associated drive letter allocation

Data Transfer

Fiber Channel

iSCSI

NFS

Comparing Storage Technologies


Type Communication
SMB/NFS over TCP/IP via standard NIC (1Gbps or 10Gbs) SCSI over TCP/IP via standard NIC or iSCSI HBA (1Gbps or 10Gbps) SCSI over Fibre Channel via Fibre Channel HBA (2, 4 or 8 Gbps)

Data Transfer File level

Performance Rating Low to High Medium to High High

Cost Low $ Medium $$ High $$$

NAS

iSCSI Fibre Channel

Block level

Block level

Virtual Storage 101 and Storage Terminology VMware vSphere 5 Training

Storage Area Network (SAN) 101


SAN could be iSCSI or Fiber Channel (FC) FC SAN packages SCSI commands into FC frames Servers connect to the SAN using HBA HBA connect to FC switch Fabric FC switch connects to Storage Processor (SP) Zones configured in the FC switch define what HBA can connect to what SP and what LUN ESXi fully support SAN multipathing

Fiber Channel SAN Components


ESXi Host FC Host Bus Adapter (HBA) FC Cables FC Switch Fabric

Storage Processor

Logical Unit Numbers (LUNs)

Virtual Storage 101 and Storage Terminology VMware vSphere 5 Training

Fiber Channel HBAs


ESXi natively supports Fiber Channel HBAs made by QLOGIC, EMULEX, Brocade, Intel and others Refer to the I/O Compatibility guide on the VMware Web site for model numbers: www.vmware.com/go/hcl

Virtual Storage 101 and Storage Terminology VMware vSphere 5 Training

Fiber Channel Connectivity

ESXi with 2 Dual Port HBAs

ESXi with 2 Single Port HBAs

FC Switched Fabric Storage Device with 2 Single Port Storage Processors

Storage Device with 2 Dual Port Storage Processors

Virtual Storage 101 and Storage Terminology VMware vSphere 5 Training

Addressing FC SAN LUNs


FC SAN LUNs are addressed using a four-part name in the form of: vmhba#:storage_processor#:LUN#:Partition# There can be multiple paths to a LUN with redundant hardware configurations
vmhba1:0:8:1 vmhba1:0:9:1 vmhba1 SP0 LUN8 LUN9

vmhba2 ESXi Host with two single port HBAs. vmhba2:1:8:1 vmhba2:1:9:1

SP1 FC Storage device with 2 single port SPs.

Virtual Storage 101 and Storage Terminology VMware vSphere 5 Training

Zoning
Zoning is the process of allowing ESXi hosts to communicate with a storage device through the Fiber Channel switched fabric Zoning is performed from the management interface of the FC switch

WWN: 210000E08B8E5C9A

Zone Name: SILO101a_CX3-80a Zone Members: 210000E08B8E5C9A 500601603022C194

WWN:500601603022C194

Virtual Storage 101 and Storage Terminology VMware vSphere 5 Training

Zoning Sample

WWNs of discovered nodes

WWNs included in this zone

Names of existing zones.

Virtual Storage 101 and Storage Terminology VMware vSphere 5 Training

Managing FC Storage
Fiber Channel storage devices house physical hard drives that make up RAID groups from which Logical Unit Numbers, or LUNs, are carved A LUN is a logical allocation of storage space carved from a set of underlying physical drives that make up a RAID group A relationship between the ESXi hosts and LUNs is created through storage groups

Virtual Storage 101 and Storage Terminology VMware vSphere 5 Training

Sample SAN Management


RAID Groups are collections of physical disks from which LUNs are carved

Storage groups (host groups) create relationships between hosts and LUNs

Virtual Storage 101 and Storage Terminology VMware vSphere 5 Training

Understanding iSCSI Storage


iSCSI (Internet SCSI) is sending SCSI disk commands and data over a TCP/IP network Why use it? Low cost Use existing hardware Ethernet NIC, switch, and OS features Supports almost all vSphere features Downside performance? reliability? iSCSI terms: iSCSI hardware initiator a special iSCSI NIC card iSCSI software initiator use your own NIC card and OS iSCSI software iSCSI Target the server running iSCSI

Virtual Storage 101 and Storage Terminology VMware vSphere 5 Training

Understanding iSCSI Storage


iSCSI uses IQN (iSCSI qualified name) to identify iSCSI Targets and Initiators It is laid out in this format: date in year-month format reversed domain a unique org assigned name (ie: hostname) For example: 2007-01.com.wiredbraincoffee:iscsi1

Virtual Storage 101 and Storage Terminology VMware vSphere 5 Training

Why You Need a SAN


Justification for a SAN with vSphere: Maintenance with zero downtime Load balancing with vMotion and svMotion Storage consolidation and central management Disaster recovery Simple array migrations and storage upgrades Use of advanced features like HA FT DRS DPM

Virtual Storage 101 and Storage Terminology VMware vSphere 5 Training

Storage Terms You Must Know


Datastore VMware file system / logical volume Can be NFS or VMFS and can be located on any supported storage Where your VMs are stored Disk partition an area on a disk set aside for a datastore Extent a disk area that can be added to a datastore Fibre Channel (FC) high speed storage technology with FC HBA, FC switch, FC SP, and disk Internet SCSI (iSCSI) SCSI over TCPIP, server is initiator and storage is the target LUN (logical unit number) an address used to identify a SCSI disk

Virtual Storage 101 and Storage Terminology VMware vSphere 5 Training

Storage Terms You Must Know


Multipathing / Failover allows you to use more than 1 path, offers failover and redundancy NAS (Network Attached Storage) networked disk storage, ESXi uses NFS on NAS NFS (Network File System) a file sharing protocol used with ESXi server (and Unix/Linux) Raw Device Mapping (RDM) a special type of storage disk where ESXi controls disk access Spanned Volume a dynamic volume spread across number of extents Volume A disk volume A logical storage unit

Virtual Storage 101 and Storage Terminology VMware vSphere 5 Training

What is in a Datastore?
Virtual disk Virtual memory VM configuration file Log files Core dumps Anything you add, like an ISO file

Virtual Storage 101 and Storage Terminology VMware vSphere 5 Training

ESXi Server Storage Options


Local Disk with VMFS Datastore SAN iSCSI Software iSCSI Hardware Fiber Channel (FC) NAS NFS VSA vSphere Storage Appliance Checkout the vSphere SAN and I/O Compatibility Guide: www.vmware.com/go/hcl

Virtual Storage 101 and Storage Terminology VMware vSphere 5 Training

VMFS Specs and Maximums


Optimized for storing VMs and high performance Cluster file system multiple ESXi hosts Not a lot of features when compared to NTFS or other FS VMFS-5 is the latest VMFS version You should have only one VMFS volume per LUN Max disk size for a VM is 64TB Best practice is to format LUNs with 8MB Block size

Virtual Storage 101 and Storage Terminology VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
Storage 101 Virtual Disks and VMFS Data Transfer Comparing Storage Technologies Storage Area Network (SAN) 101 Fiber Channel SAN Components Addressing FC SAN LUNs Understanding iSCSI Storage Why You Need a SAN Storage Terms You Must Know What is in a Datastore? ESXi Server Storage Options VMFS Specs and Maximums

vSphere Storage Appliance (VSA)


VMware vSphere 5 Training
Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

vSphere Storage Appliance (VSA) VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
vSphere Storage Appliance Overview What Makes VSA Unique VSA Cluster Design Options VSA SAN Maintenance Mode VSA Installation Gotchas

vSphere Storage Appliance (VSA) VMware vSphere 5 Training

vSphere Storage Appliance Overview


vSphere Storage Appliance = VSA VSAs are commonly known as Virtual Storage Appliances VSA is new with vSphere 5 and it allows you to create a storage area network (SAN) using the local storage across ESXi servers Shared storage (a SAN/NAS) it required to implement many of VMwares core features like vMotion, VMHA, and DRS Due to the cost barrier, many companies have been unable to implement these features The new VSA will allow all customers to affordably implement a SAN and, thus, implement advanced vSphere features

vSphere Storage Appliance (VSA) VMware vSphere 5 Training

vSphere Storage Appliance Overview

Graphic Thanks to VMware.com

vSphere Storage Appliance (VSA) VMware vSphere 5 Training

vSphere Storage Appliance Overview


VSA is not included with any version of vSphere Cost details: $5995 per instance (up to 3 nodes) Or vSphere Essentials Plus with the VSA $7995 (which is 40% off) Note: your pricing may vary (try to negotiate) Consider the alternatives and what makes VSA so beneficial before you dismiss it and go with a low-end hardware SAN Capex savings = no hardware SAN to buy Opex savings = no dedicated SAN administration needed

vSphere Storage Appliance (VSA) VMware vSphere 5 Training

What Makes VSA Unique


A SAN that requires no additional hardware A software-based SAN, from VMware, that is fully supported for use with advanced vSphere features Fully redundant (unlike a standalone SAN) Easy to install (unlike) Bringing highly available SAN features and advanced vSphere features to EVERYONE

Graphic Thanks to VMware.com

vSphere Storage Appliance (VSA) VMware vSphere 5 Training

vSphere Storage Appliance Overview


VSA provides NFS-based storage Each ESXi server has a special VSA VM on it 1:1 relationship between vCenter and VSA (and must be on the same subnet) ESXi servers should be fresh installs (vanilla configuration) VSA SANs are either 2 nodes plus vCenter or 3 nodes vCenter must not be running as a VM on the ESXi hosts in the cluster Multiple NICs are highly recommended for redundancy

vCenter Server VSA Manager VSA Cluster Service

Manage
Volume 1 Volume 2 (Replica) VSA Datastore 1 Volume 2 Volume 1 (Replica)

VSA Datastore 2

VSA cluster with 2 members

Graphic Thanks to VMware.com

vCenter Server VSA Manager

Manage
VSA Datastore 1 Volume 1 Volume 3 (Replica) Volume 3 Volume 2 Volume 1 (Replica) Volume 2 (Replica) VSA Datastore 2 VSA Datastore 3

VSA cluster with 3 members


Graphic Thanks to VMware.com

vSphere Storage Appliance (VSA) VMware vSphere 5 Training

VSA SAN Maintenance Mode


VSA SAN maintenance mode options are: Entire VSA cluster Single VSA node If a node is taken out of the cluster, changed blocks are tracked until the node is added again If a new node is added, a full sync is done

vSphere Storage Appliance (VSA) VMware vSphere 5 Training

VSA Installation Gotchas


Requirements to install VSA are quite particular: No VMs on the ESXi servers (including vCenter) You can have only 1 datastore on the server and it must be a local disk (no SAN connections) Only a short list of physical servers are supported (but it should still run) ESXi servers must have the same hardware configuration 6GB of RAM minimum per server A RAID controller that supports RAID 10 Please check the VSA installation requirements prior to install

vSphere Storage Appliance (VSA) VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
vSphere Storage Appliance Overview What Makes VSA Unique VSA Cluster Design Options VSA SAN Maintenance Mode VSA Installation Gotchas

Creating a Free iSCSI SAN with OpenFiler


VMware vSphere 5 Training
Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

Creating a Free iSCSI SAN with OpenFiler VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
Why Use OpenFiler? Downloading OpenFiler Installing OpenFiler Configuring OpenFiler as an iSCSI SAN Connecting vSphere to the OpenFiler iSCSI SAN

Creating a Free iSCSI SAN with OpenFiler VMware vSphere 5 Training

Why Use OpenFiler?


You need a SAN to perform advanced vSphere functions like: vMotion svMotion VMHA FT DRS DPM SAN is the best way to manage storage Recommend a dedicated server Recommend OpenFiler for testing and developing

Creating a Free iSCSI SAN with OpenFiler VMware vSphere 5 Training

Downloading OpenFiler
Available in 32-bit and 64-bit ISO installer Alternatively, you can download OpenFiler as a pre-built VMware virtual appliance with no installation Download it from www.openfiler.com

Creating a Free iSCSI SAN with OpenFiler VMware vSphere 5 Training

Installing OpenFiler
Configure static IP address and DNS entry to it Connect to it at: https://<hostname>:446 Default username and password are: openfiler password * change default pass! (note: root account also works)

Creating a Free iSCSI SAN with OpenFiler VMware vSphere 5 Training

Configuring OpenFiler as an iSCSI SAN


If using in a VM, create a second VMDK before boot Configure NTP Create partition and volume Verify the IQN Create filesystem and select iSCSI Allow local network Enable iSCSI

Creating a Free iSCSI SAN with OpenFiler VMware vSphere 5 Training

Connecting vSphere to the OpenFiler iSCSI SAN


To configure a new ESXi Server to use iSCSI: Add a software iSCSI adaptor Configure the new iSCSI adaptor to: Use dynamic discovery Enter the IP or hostname of the OpenFiler server (add CHAP credentials if necessary) Perform a rescan If its the first connection to the iSCSI SAN, use Add Storage to create a VMFS datastore on the new iSCSI SAN

Creating a Free iSCSI SAN with OpenFiler VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
Why Use OpenFiler? Downloading OpenFiler Installing OpenFiler Configuring OpenFiler as an iSCSI SAN Connecting vSphere to the OpenFiler iSCSI SAN

Administering VMware ESXi Server Security


VMware vSphere 5 Training
Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

Administering VMware ESXi Server Security VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
Basics of vSphere Security Default vSphere Security Roles Adding, Modifying, and Removing ESXi Users and Groups Using Windows AD Users and Groups to Secure vSphere Defining and Applying Roles and Permissions vShield Overview Securing Guest Virtual Machines

Administering VMware ESXi Server Security VMware vSphere 5 Training

Basics of vSphere Security


ESXi server has local Linux-like accounts vCenter, installed on Windows, uses Windows Active Directory (AD) accounts vCenter, as a Linux appliance, can be configured to use Windows AD accounts Recommend using Windows AD users and groups to define permissions to VC objects All vSphere Client communications are encrypted VLANs can be used to segment service console traffic

Administering VMware ESXi Server Security VMware vSphere 5 Training

Basics of vSphere Security


Users and groups are assigned roles Roles are assigned to objects in the vSphere infrastructure Combining user/group with a role is what created a permission By default only root can login to ESXi and Win AD Admins on vCenter server can login to vSphere Client Assuming vCenter is installed in Windows It is not possible to run vCenter for Windows on a Windows AD domain controller Permissions take effect immediately, no need to log out and back in Permissions are inherited in a hierarchical manor, just like alarms Remember the PoLP!

Administering VMware ESXi Server Security VMware vSphere 5 Training

Default vSphere Security Roles


No access Read-only Administrator VM power user (sample) VM user (sample) Resource pool admin (sample) VCB user (sample) Datastore consumer (sample) Network consumer (sample)

Administering VMware ESXi Server Security VMware vSphere 5 Training

Tasks to Perform
Adding, modifying, and removing ESXi users and groups Using Windows AD users and groups to secure vSphere Defining and applying roles and permissions on different levels of the vSphere infrastructure

Administering VMware ESXi Server Security VMware vSphere 5 Training

vShield Overview
vShield vShield vShield vShield vShield vShield vShield Zones App App with Data Security Edge Endpoint Manager Bundle

Administering VMware ESXi Server Security VMware vSphere 5 Training

Administering VMware ESXi Server Security VMware vSphere 5 Training

Securing Guest Virtual Machines


Treat security of guest VM as you would any other mission critical server Install AV Keep patches up to date Limit login, especially administrator/root Limit software install Properly secure vSC Client, Web, and SSH access Keep vSphere / ESXi patches up to date (use VMware Update Manager VUM)

Administering VMware ESXi Server Security VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
Basics of vSphere Security Default vSphere Security Roles Adding, Modifying, and Removing ESXi Users and Groups Using Windows AD Users and Groups to Secure vSphere Defining and Applying Roles and Permissions vShield Overview Securing Guest Virtual Machines

vSphere Virtual Networking


VMware vSphere 5 Training
Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

vSphere Virtual Networking VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
Virtual Networking Network Adapters Virtual Standard Switches (vSS) vSS Functionality Similarities Between pSwitch and vSS Differences Between pSwitch and vSwitch Types of vSwitches Virtual Switch Ports What is a VLAN? MAC Address Changes Forged Transmits

vSphere Virtual Networking VMware vSphere 5 Training

Virtual Networking
The virtual networking features of ESXi are the cornerstone of building an IP network for virtual machines that integrates seamlessly with the existing physical server environment

vSphere Virtual Networking VMware vSphere 5 Training

Network Adapters
The network adapters available for use in the virtual networking architecture can be identified from the Configuration | Network Adapters page

ESXi host performs a discovery to identify network IP addresses. This facilitates understanding which networks an adapter is connected to. Note the IP range can be inaccurate if no addresses are found

vSphere Virtual Networking VMware vSphere 5 Training

Virtual Standard Switches (vSS)


vSS are logical objects that reside in the vmkernel of each ESXi host Each virtual NIC connected to a virtual switch will have its own MAC address vSS can be bound to one or more physical network adapters

vSphere Virtual Networking VMware vSphere 5 Training

vSS Functionality
Each virtual standard switch can contain one or more connection types or port groups that define the types of communication expected through the virtual switch vSS operate at Layer 2 and can provide VLAN tagging, security, checksums, and segmentation offload units

vSphere Virtual Networking VMware vSphere 5 Training

Similarities Between pSwitch and vSS


Virtual standard switches are similar to physical switches in that both: Maintain MAC address tables Look up each frames destination MAC upon arrival Forward frames to one or more ports Avoid unnecessary deliveries

vSphere Virtual Networking VMware vSphere 5 Training

Differences Between pSwitch and vSwitch


Virtual switches are different from physical switches in that: Virtual standard switches cannot be connected to other virtual switches the way physical switches can be Virtual standard switches do not require Spanning Tree Protocol Virtual standard switch isolation prevents loops in the switching configuration Forwarding table data is unique to each virtual

vSphere Virtual Networking VMware vSphere 5 Training

Types of vSwitches
Internal only Used for communication of two virtual machines on the same ESXi host Single adapter A virtual switch bound to a single physical adapter used for communication with resources on the physical network NIC team a virtual switch bound to 2 or more physical adapters used to provide redundancy and bandwidth aggregation for communication with resources on the physical network
VMkernel

VMkernel

VMkernel

vSphere Virtual Networking VMware vSphere 5 Training

Virtual Switch Ports


Virtual switches are made up of one more port groups or connection types that dictate the type of traffic supported by the virtual switch The uplink ports of a virtual switch are the ports that are associated with a physical network adapter The two port group or connection types are: Virtual machine VMkernel vMotion VMkernel Fault Tolerance Logging Management traffic

vSphere Virtual Networking VMware vSphere 5 Training

Management Network Connection


The Management network connection type allows a virtual switch to pass communication to and from the ESXi management network An IP address must be assigned to the Management network

Management network VMkernel

vSphere Virtual Networking VMware vSphere 5 Training

Management Network Configuration


A Management network port labeled as vmk0 is added to vSwitch0 during the installation of ESXi Subsequent Management network ports will enumerate as: vmk1 vmk2, etc. Multiple Management network ports creates redundancy through multiple points of entry at each IP address Building a Management network port into a virtual switch with multiple uplinks provides redundancy with a single IP address configuration

vSphere Virtual Networking VMware vSphere 5 Training

Virtual Machine Port Group


A virtual machine port group provides associated virtual machines with access to other systems on physical networks by providing a switch-to-switch connection between the virtual switch and physical switch

VMkernel

vSphere Virtual Networking VMware vSphere 5 Training

Virtual Machine Cov

VMkernel

Communication between physical and virtual machines. Production LAN

vSphere Virtual Networking VMware vSphere 5 Training

What is a VLAN?
A VLAN is a logical configuration of a network on switch port to segment IP traffic

vSphere Virtual Networking VMware vSphere 5 Training

VLANs
Using VLANs reduces hardware needs by allowing a switch to segment IP traffic into multiple IP subnets on a port by port configuration

192.168.100.0/24

172.16.100.0/24

10.100.100.0/24

vSphere Virtual Networking VMware vSphere 5 Training

VLANs Across Geographies


VLANs allow IP subnets to extend beyond the distance limitations of the physical medium A trunk port is a port that has knowledge of all VLANs configured In the example here, the port that connects each switch to the nearest route is configured as a trunk port
192.168.100.0/2 172.16.100.0/24 4 10.100.100.0/24 192.168.100.0/2 172.16.100.0/24 4 10.100.100.0/24 192.168.100.0/2 172.16.100.0/24 4 10.100.100.0/24

vSphere Virtual Networking VMware vSphere 5 Training

VLANs Virtual to Physical


Virtual switches in ESXi provide support for the 802.1q VLAN tagging standard to allow virtual machines to be seen as part of VLANs configured on physical switches In the example, the Red VLAN and Orange VLAN both contain physical and VMs that operate in their own independent broadcast domains

vSphere Virtual Networking VMware vSphere 5 Training

VLANs Virtual to Physical

VMkernel

Physical switch port connected to uplink NIC is a trunk port

vSphere Virtual Networking VMware vSphere 5 Training

vSwitch VLANs
A virtual switch can have multiple VLANs configured by creating multiple port groups that have been assigned VLAN IDs to correspond to the VLAN IDs configured on the physical switches vSwitch2, shown below, is configured with two virtual machine port groups named RedVLAN and OrangeVLAN with respective VLAN IDs of 100 and 101

vSphere Virtual Networking VMware vSphere 5 Training

MAC Address Changes


This setting denies incoming traffic to a VM when the MAC address defined in the configuration file (.VMX) does not match the MAC address inside the guest operating system

Dont match. Dont ACCEPT.

ethernet0.addressType = "generated" uuid.location = "56 4d 13 99 c9 e1 d9 41-e3 e7 c0 c1 b1 a6 2f 42" uuid.bios = "56 4d e4 66 62 74 85 7a-83 9c f9 da d5 ethernet0.generatedAddress = "00:50:56:ac:b3:5a" ethernet0.generatedAddressOffset = "0"

vSphere Virtual Networking VMware vSphere 5 Training

Forged Transmits
This setting denies outgoing traffic from a VM when the MAC address defined in the configuration file (.VMX) does not match the MAC address inside the guest operating system

Dont match. Dont SEND.


ethernet0.addressType = "generated" uuid.location = "56 4d 13 99 c9 e1 d9 41-e3 e7 c0 c1 b1 a6 2f 42" uuid.bios = "56 4d e4 66 62 74 85 7a-83 9c f9 da d5 .ethernet0.generatedAddress = "00:50:56:ac:b3:5a" ethernet0.generatedAddressOffset = "0"

vSphere Virtual Networking VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
Virtual Networking Network Adapters Virtual Standard Switches (vSS) vSS Functionality Similarities Between pSwitch and vSS Differences Between pSwitch and vSwitch Types of vSwitches Virtual Switch Ports What is a VLAN? MAC Address Changes Forged Transmits

Using the vSphere Distributed Virtual Switch (dvswitch)


VMware vSphere 5 Training
Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

Using the vSphere Distributed Virtual Switch (dvswitch) VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
vSphere Distributed Switch Private VLANs pVLANs Networking Policies Configuration Tasks

Using the vSphere Distributed Virtual Switch (dvswitch) VMware vSphere 5 Training

vSphere Distributed Switch


Creates a centralized Virtual Switch that multiple ESXi hosts can subscribe to Reduces networking configuration and changes Allows you to centrally manage networking for VMs across multiple ESXi hosts Consistent network configuration and stats as VMs are migrated using vMotion dvPort groups similar to standard vSwitch port groups but on the vDS level Increased capabilities security, traffic control, VLAN, and more Ability to add 3rd party switch Nexus 1000V

Using the vSphere Distributed Virtual Switch (dvswitch) VMware vSphere 5 Training

Private VLANs pVLANs


Primary Original VLAN that can be subdivided into multiple secondary pVLANs Secondary They exist only inside the primary Each secondary pVLAN has a VLAN ID It associates each packets with an ID that the physical switch can use to identify the mode (Promiscuous, Isolated, or Community)

Using the vSphere Distributed Virtual Switch (dvswitch) VMware vSphere 5 Training

pVLANs Secondary Mode Nodes


Promiscuous May send and receive packets to any secondary pVLAN Typically routers are attached to promiscuous ports Isolated May only send and receive packets from the promiscuous pVLAN Community May send andreceive packets between any secondary pVLAN and also with the promiscuous pVLAN

Using the vSphere Distributed Virtual Switch (dvswitch) VMware vSphere 5 Training

Private VLANs

Using the vSphere Distributed Virtual Switch (dvswitch) VMware vSphere 5 Training

Networking Policies
VLAN (vDS only) Allows virtual networks to join physical VLANs Port blocking (vDS only) Sets blocking policies on dvPorts Load balancing Security Traffic shaping

Using the vSphere Distributed Virtual Switch (dvswitch) VMware vSphere 5 Training

Configuration Tasks
Create a new dvswitch Add hosts and vmnics to dvswitch Create a dvPort group Migrate legacy vSwitches and VM networks to dvswitch Migrate VMKernel virtual adapters to dvswitch View dvswitch Mapping Advanced configuration Alarms

Using the vSphere Distributed Virtual Switch (dvswitch) VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
vSphere Distributed Switch Private VLANs pVLANs Networking Policies Configuration Tasks

Moving Virtual Machines with vMotion


VMware vSphere 5 Training
Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

Moving Virtual Machines with vMotion VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
Why You Need vMotion vMotion Requirements vMotioning Virtual Machines

Moving Virtual Machines with vMotion VMware vSphere 5 Training

Why You Need vMotion


The most incredible feature of vSphere vMotion is used to move RUNNING virtual machines off of one ESXi server to another ESXi server VMs disk files stay where they are (on shared storage)

Why You Need vMotion


Uses for vMotion: Balance the load on ESXi Servers (DRS) Save power by shutting down ESXi using DPM Perform patching and maintenance on an ESXi server Update Manager HW maintenance

Graphic Thanks to VMware.com

Moving Virtual Machines with vMotion VMware vSphere 5 Training

vMotion Requirements
vSphere Essentials Plus, Standard, Enterprise, or Enterprise Plus Shared storage between ESXi servers iSCSI, FC, or NFS VMkernel interface on both ESXi servers with vMotion enabled Works with standard switches or dvSwitches (should keep the same network name) CPU compatibility, or family compatibility if using Enhanced vMotion Compatibility (EVC) on your cluster

Moving Virtual Machines with vMotion VMware vSphere 5 Training

vMotioning Virtual Machines

Moving Virtual Machines with vMotion VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
Why You Need vMotion vMotion Requirements vMotioning Virtual Machines

Moving Virtual Storage with svMotion


VMware vSphere 5 Training
Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

Moving Virtual Storage with svMotion VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
What is svMotion? svMotion Requirements svMotion and Thin Provisioning Using svMotion Migrating VMs with Snapshots New in vSphere 5

Moving Virtual Storage with svMotion VMware vSphere 5 Training

What is svMotion?
Move the storage of RUNNING virtual machines from one datastore to another datastore The running VM stays on the server that it is on The memory for that VM never moves

What is svMotion?
Uses for svMotion: Balance the datastore utilization Space Performance Perform SAN maintenance or swap out

Graphic Thanks to VMware.com

Moving Virtual Storage with svMotion VMware vSphere 5 Training

svMotion Requirements
vSphere Enterprise or Enterprise Plus is required Moving a powered on VM with snapshots is not supported Note that to use the option to change both host and datastore, the VM must be powered off Moving a large VMDK can take a long time, depending on your network connection

Moving Virtual Storage with svMotion VMware vSphere 5 Training

svMotion and Thin Provisioning


When you migrate storage you have the option to change from Thin to thick Thick to thin Why would you want to change to a thick virtual disk from a thin virtual disk?

Answer: Fault Tolerance (FT)

Moving Virtual Storage with svMotion VMware vSphere 5 Training

Using svMotion

Moving Virtual Storage with svMotion VMware vSphere 5 Training

Migrating VMs with Snapshots- New in vSphere 5


With ESXi 5 / vSphere 5, you can now perform a svMotion on a VM that has snapshots Let me show you how

Moving Virtual Storage with svMotion VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
What is svMotion? svMotion Requirements svMotion and Thin Provisioning Using svMotion Migrating VMs with Snapshots New in vSphere 5

Performance Optimization with Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS)


VMware vSphere 5 Training
Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

Performance Optimization with DRS VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
Introduction to Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS) DRS Requirements Creating a DRS Enabled Cluster DRS/HA Cluster Settings Understanding Resource Pools Creating Resource Pools in Your DRS Cluster

Performance Optimization with DRS VMware vSphere 5 Training

Introduction to Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS)


The number of VMs grows The utilization of those VMs grows All this grows disproportionally It constantly expands and contracts throughout the day, week, or month Over time, how are you going to balancing this constantly fluctuating load?

Performance Optimization with DRS VMware vSphere 5 Training

Introduction to Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS)


Distributed resource scheduler is commonly known as DRS It doesnt stand for dynamic resource scheduler DRS understands the resources of the virtual infrastructure CPU Memory Power Storage DRS ensures that a VM gets the resources it needs DRS does not try to achieve load balancing

Graphic Thanks to VMware.com

Performance Optimization with DRS VMware vSphere 5 Training

Introduction to Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS)


Hosts and Clusters provide the resources The VMs consume the resources Goals of DRS: Prevent one VM from monopolizing all resources Guarantee service levels Offer most efficient use of server hardware Make your life as a VMware admin easier

Performance Optimization with DRS VMware vSphere 5 Training

Introduction to Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS)


DRS is enabled on a cluster Automation levels are: Manual suggestions Partially automated auto place on power on and suggestions Fully automated you set the migration threshold You can create migration rules to keep VMs together or apart DRS can auto-place new VMs in the cluster

Performance Optimization with DRS VMware vSphere 5 Training

DRS Requirements
vSphere Enterprise or Enterprise Plus Shared storage between hosts All VMs in the cluster must be on that shared storage DRS will use VMotion so it needs to work between hosts Beware of CPU compatibility issues and if so, consider Enhanced VMotion Compatibility (EVC) Checkout the DRS tab and Resource Allocation tab on the cluster as well as the cluster properties

Performance Optimization with DRS VMware vSphere 5 Training

Understanding Resource Pools


Different ways to reserve resources: Reservation reserve a certain amount of CPU or memory Limit set an upper bound of resources to this VM Assign shares give shares of CPU or memory resources Shares set the priority of CPU and RAM for a VM Set as high, normal, and low with 4:2:1 ratio Or, you can set a custom weight You can also set share values and IOPS per VM These will be used with SIOC and SDRS (see other lessons on those topics)

Additional Resources

Performance Optimization with DRS VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
Introduction to Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS) DRS Requirements Creating a DRS Enabled Cluster DRS/HA Cluster Settings Understanding Resource Pools Creating Resource Pools in Your DRS Cluster

Implementing High Availability with VMware HA (VMHA)


VMware vSphere 5 Training
Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

Implementing High Availability with VMware HA VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
Why Do You Need High Availability (HA)? VMHA Saving the Day VMHA Master / Slave Requirements for VMHA Best Practices for VMHA

Implementing High Availability with VMware HA VMware vSphere 5 Training

Why Do You Need High Availability (HA)?


Quickly bring back up critical business applications in the event of an ESXi server failure Decrease downtime and improve availability Examples of business critical applications: Exchange / email SQL server / database Corporate file server and intranet / web

Implementing High Availability with VMware HA VMware vSphere 5 Training

VMHA Saving the Day


Lets say that you have an ESXi server hardware failure (bad CPU or disconnected network cable) Or, you could have an ESXi server software OS crash (unlikely) VMHA powers all VMs running on that server on other servers in the VMHA cluster and apps are up in the time it takes guest OS to boot VMHA monitors not only ESXi host failures but also guest OS failures Uniform HA protection for all VM guests and all applications, no matter the OS or app Smart failover to best ESXi host (requires DRS) Supports up to 32 ESXi servers in a cluster Enhanced isolation response

Implementing High Availability with VMware HA VMware vSphere 5 Training

VMHA Master / Slave


1 Master host per cluster known as the Fault Domain Manager Master (FDMS) FDMS host is determined via an election process FDMS host with the most mounted datastore has better election chances VMHA check for host failure using the management network and via datastore heartbeat FDMS host Monitors the state of slave hosts Monitors the state of all protected VMs Manages the lists of cluster hosts and protected VMs FDMS is vCenters management interface into the clusters health state

Implementing High Availability with VMware HA VMware vSphere 5 Training

Requirements for VMHA


Shared storage for VMs running in HA cluster All hosts should have access to all VM networks Can use DRS with VMHA or just VMHA only All hosts must be licensed for VMware HA Create a VMHA enabled cluster All hosts must have a static IP address At least two hosts in the cluster At least one management network, best practice says two

Implementing High Availability with VMware HA VMware vSphere 5 Training

Best Practices for VMHA


Keep an eye on cluster validity Recommend you disable host monitoring as you make changes to your network or dvSwitches All networks and VMs on HA clusters must have compatible networks By default network isolation IP is the default gateway but you can configure others das.isolationaddressX where X can be a value between 1-10 Use network redundancy between ESXi servers

Implementing High Availability with VMware HA VMware vSphere 5 Training

Best Practices for VMHA


Configure redundant network paths: ESX secondary SC port ESXi secondary VMKernel port Configure the restart priority for VMs based on your most critical applications Configure isolation response IP info Configure VM Monitoring in HA cluster settings to have VMware monitor the guest OS Configure alarms to alert you on cluster changes

Implementing High Availability with VMware HA VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
Why Do You Need High Availability (HA)? VMHA Saving the Day VMHA Master / Slave Requirements for VMHA Best Practices for VMHA

Super High Availability with VMware Fault Tolerance (FT)


VMware vSphere 5 Training
Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

Super High Availability with VMware Fault Tolerance (FT) VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
Introduction to VMware Fault Tolerance (FT) Requirements of FT Constraints of FT Testing to See If You Can Use FT with VMware Site Survey Enabling VMware FT Testing Failover with a Virtual Machine Using FT

Super High Availability with VMware Fault Tolerance (FT) VMware vSphere 5 Training

Introduction to VMware Fault Tolerance (FT)


FT provides continuous availability for a VM Zero downtime Takes VMHA to the next level Works for all applications and 99% of guests operating systems Does this by creating a live shadow copy of the running VM then keeping them in lockstep using VMwares vLockstep If an ESXi server fails, the shadow will take over and a new shadow will be created in the cluster on another ESX server

Super High Availability with VMware Fault Tolerance (FT) VMware vSphere 5 Training

Introduction to VMware Fault Tolerance (FT)


Primary VM is called the Primary and the copied/lockstep VM is the secondary The virtual disk for the VM is on shared storage and never moves Continuous VMotion

Graphic Thanks to VMware.com

Super High Availability with VMware Fault Tolerance (FT) VMware vSphere 5 Training

Requirements of FT
CPUs on all FT ESXi servers must match and be from a specific list of processors (see KB) Hardware virtualization enabled in the BIOS Recommended minimum # of 1GB NICs = 3 One NIC on each server must be enabled for FT logging and vMotion ESXi servers must be running same build VMs on shared SAN, accessible by servers Must be enabled in a HA cluster vSphere Enterprise or Enterprise Plus

Super High Availability with VMware Fault Tolerance (FT) VMware vSphere 5 Training

Constraints of FT
Single vCPU in each VM only (no SMP) Requires specific hardware Recommended minimum of 4 VMs running FT on an ESX server Line of site between ESXi servers due to latency Only thick disk is supported Snapshots are not allowed (includes via VADP backup products) Cannot invoke a svMotion on a VM with FT enabled Linked clones are not allowed on a VM with FT enabled Some guests not supported and some guests require shutdown to enable

Super High Availability with VMware Fault Tolerance (FT) VMware vSphere 5 Training

Testing to See If You Can Use FT with VMware Site Survey


Checkout Eric Sloofs (www.ntpro.nl) FT Checklist Site Survey saves time by automating this check Run Site Survey on your cluster to see if you can use FT

Image Thanks to www.LandSoCAL.com

Enabling VMware FT

Once requirements have been met, enabling FT is easy Right-click on a VM Go to Fault Tolerance Click Turn On Fault Tolerance

Super High Availability with VMware Fault Tolerance (FT) VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
Introduction to VMware Fault Tolerance (FT) Requirements of FT Constraints of FT Testing to See If You Can Use FT with VMware Site Survey Enabling VMware FT Testing Failover with a Virtual Machine Using FT

Upgrading from VMware vSphere 4 to vSphere 5


VMware vSphere 5 Training
Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

Upgrading from VMware vSphere 4 to vSphere 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
Upgrade Steps Upgrade to vCenter 5 Update Manager Upgrade ESX/ESXi Upgrade VM Upgrade

Upgrading from VMware vSphere 4 to vSphere 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

Upgrade Prerequisites
Verify that your ESX/ESXi servers will run vSphere 5 Verify that your licenses will upgrade to the level of vSphere that you require Beware of vRAM Plan, plan, and plan some more Review the upgrade guide which scenario are you?

Upgrading from VMware vSphere 4 to vSphere 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

Upgrade Steps
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Run vCenter Host Agent Pre-Upgrade Checker Upgrade vCenter Server Upgrade vSphere Client Upgrade your licensing Upgrade Update Manager Upgrade ESX/ESXi hosts Upgrade VM Tools and VM Hardware Upgrade datastores to VMFS-5

Upgrading from VMware vSphere 4 to vSphere 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

Upgrade to vCenter 5
Requires VC downtime No production down time Database Schema will be upgraded Upgrade to different vCenter server Backup database ODBC credentials Uninstall UM and converter extensions vSphere compatibility matrixes

Upgrading from VMware vSphere 4 to vSphere 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

Update Manager Upgrade


Backup database ODBC credentials Uninstall UM client extensions

Upgrading from VMware vSphere 4 to vSphere 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

ESX/ESXi Upgrade
Requires host downtime Host in Maintenance Mode Host Upgrade Utility (GUI) 15 25 minutes for upgrade

Upgrading from VMware vSphere 4 to vSphere 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

VM Upgrade
Requires VM downtime VMware Tools upgrade VM Hardware upgrade to version 8 Automated upgrade via Update Manager Manual upgrade

Upgrading from VMware vSphere 4 to vSphere 5 VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
Upgrade Steps Upgrade to vCenter 5 Update Manager Upgrade ESX/ESXi Upgrade VM Upgrade

vSphere Command Line Interface (CLI) Options


VMware vSphere 5 Training
Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

vSphere Command Line Interface (CLI) Options VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
Administering vSphere Using the CLI Four vSphere CLI Options Using ESXi Tech Support Mode Using esxcfg and esxcli Commands Getting Started with PowerCLI Project Onyx vCLI Basics Installing and Using vMA

vSphere Command Line Interface (CLI) Options VMware vSphere 5 Training

Administering vSphere Using the CLI


Faster (once you get used to it) Scripting for frequent tasks or mass changes (aka automation) Integration with other products Because its cool

vSphere Command Line Interface (CLI) Options VMware vSphere 5 Training

Four vSphere CLI Options


1. ESXi tech support mode / remote TSM (SSH) formerly known as the hidden ESXi console 2. PowerCLI / PowerShell and Project Onyx 3. vSphere CLI (vCLI) from Windows 4. vSphere Management Assistant (vMA) www.VMware.com/go/sysadmintools

vSphere Command Line Interface (CLI) Options VMware vSphere 5 Training

Using ESXi Tech Support Mode


Tech support mode = ESXi console Now supported Remote tech support mode = remote ESXi console via SSH Enable and connect with an SSH client Both can be enabled on the ESXi console via DCUI or via the vSphere client

vSphere Command Line Interface (CLI) Options VMware vSphere 5 Training

Using esxcfg and esxcli Commands


Traditional ESXi configuration commands via TSM start with esxcfg-* However, esxcfg-* commands have now been depracated and you should use esxcli instead esxcli is all new in vSphere 5 and can do just about anything!

vSphere Command Line Interface (CLI) Options VMware vSphere 5 Training

Getting Started with PowerCLI


PowerCLI is using Microsoft PowerShell with vSphere Download the Windows PowerCLI Installer Gives you a command line Download the free Quest PowerGUI Gives you a GUI for PowerCLI as well as pre-created scripts

vSphere Command Line Interface (CLI) Options VMware vSphere 5 Training

Project Onyx
A free tool from VMware labs that shows you the PowerCLI commands for the configs you perform, using the vSphere client http://labs.vmware.com/flings/onyx

Graphic thanks to VMware.com

vSphere Command Line Interface (CLI) Options VMware vSphere 5 Training

vCLI Basics
vSphere CLI (vCLI) is a Windows application that gives you CLI tools for ESXi / vSphere It offers esxcfg and esxcli commands Now, lets install it and Ill show you how it works

vSphere Command Line Interface (CLI) Options VMware vSphere 5 Training

Installing and Using vMA


vSphere Management Assistant (vMA) A Linux-based virtual appliance that has the vCLI already in it vMA offers esxcfg and esxcli command line administration for ESXi / vSphere fastpass authentication that allows you to authenticate once and then perform multiple commands Now, lets install it and Ill show you how it works

vSphere Command Line Interface (CLI) Options VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
Administering vSphere Using the CLI Four vSphere CLI Options Using ESXi Tech Support Mode Using esxcfg and esxcli Commands Getting Started with PowerCLI Project Onyx vCLI Basics Installing and Using vMA

vSphere Auto Deploy

VMware vSphere 5 Training


Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

vSphere Auto Deploy VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
What is Auto Deploy? Auto Deploy Components Auto Deploy First Boot Process Infrastructure Requirements Installation and Configuration Tasks Test and Repair Rules Compliance Auto Deploy PowerCLI Setting Up Syslog Server Setting Dump Collector

vSphere Auto Deploy VMware vSphere 5 Training

What is Auto Deploy?


Auto Deploy allows you to quickly provision one or more stateless physical hosts with ESXi. Furthermore, Auto Deploy allows you to match certain criteria in the physical host to rule sets and deploy the appropriate ESXi image that has all the hardware drivers Auto Deploy allows you to automatically add ESXi hosts to vCenter and apply host profiles

vSphere Auto Deploy VMware vSphere 5 Training

Auto Deploy Components


Auto Deploy Server Rules Active Rule Set Working Rule Set Image Profiles Default Image Profiles Custom Image Profiles Host Profiles Answer Files

vSphere Auto Deploy VMware vSphere 5 Training

Auto Deploy First Boot Process


Stateless host PXE boots and gets an IP address from DHCP DHCP points the host to the TFTP server via option 66 The host contacts TFTP server and downloads a gPXE configuration file as specified in option 67 gPXE config file instructs the host to make HTTP boot request to Auto Deploy server Auto Deploy queries the rules engine for information about host An Image Profile and a Host Profile is attached to the host based on a rule set ESXi is installed into host RAM, is added to vCenter and is configured vCenter maintains the Image Profile and Host Profile for each host in its database

vSphere Auto Deploy VMware vSphere 5 Training

Infrastructure Requirements
DHCP Option 66: FQDN or IP address of TFTP Server Option 67: undionly.kpxe.vmw-hardwired Router Configuration PXE TFTP

vSphere Auto Deploy VMware vSphere 5 Training

Installation and Configuration Tasks


Install and configure Auto Deploy Install TFTP server Configure DHCP Configure DNS Install and configure Dump Collector Install and configure Syslog Server

vSphere Auto Deploy VMware vSphere 5 Training

What You Are Going to Need


vCenter 5 setup files VMware PowerCLI TFTP server (we are using WinAgents TFTP) Windows Server 2008 DHCP and DNS ESXi 5 offline bundle A host capable of running ESXi 5

vSphere Auto Deploy VMware vSphere 5 Training

Test and Repair Rules Compliance


Make changes to a rule: Copy-DeployRule -DeployRule Staging1 ReplaceItem Prod Verify host accessibility: Get-VMHost -Name esx6.wiredbraincoffee.com Test and bind to a value: $tr = Test-DeployRuleSetCompliance esx6.wiredbraincoffee.com Remediate Host: Repair-DeployRuleSetCompliance $tr

vSphere Auto Deploy VMware vSphere 5 Training

Auto Deploy PowerCLI


Get-Help cmdlet_name Get-Help cmdlet_name Detailed Get-DeployCommand New-DeployRule Get-DeployRule Copy-DeployRule Add-DeployRule Remove-DeployRule Set-DeplyRule Get-DeployRuleset

vSphere Auto Deploy VMware vSphere 5 Training

Auto Deploy PowerCLI


Switch-ActiveDeployRuleset Get-VMHostMatchingRules Test-DeployRulesetCompliance Repair-DeployRulesetComplaince Apply-ESXImageProfile Get-VMImhostProfile Repair-DeployImageCache Get-VMHostAttributes Get-Deploymachine Identity Set-DeplyMachineIdentity

vSphere Auto Deploy VMware vSphere 5 Training

Setting Up Syslog Server


Esxcli: Esxcli system syslog Host Profiles: Select the host and go to View | Management | Host Profiles For a new profile, click Create Profile, or right-click a profile you want to modify and select Edit Profile In the Edit Profile dialog, set up the syslog server host profile Select Advanced configuration option

vSphere Auto Deploy VMware vSphere 5 Training

Setting Up Dump Collector


Esxcli: esxcli system coredump network set --interface-name vmk0 --server-ipv4 192.168.2.52 --server-port 6500 esxcli system coredump network set --enable true esxcli system coredump network get Host Profiles: Under Network Configuration Expand Network Coredump Settings and click Edit Enter the server port and IP address and the host NIC to use and click the check box to enable ESXi Dump Collector Click OK to save the host profile settings

vSphere Auto Deploy VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
What is Auto Deploy? Auto Deploy Components Auto Deploy First Boot Process Infrastructure Requirements Installation and Configuration Tasks Test and Repair Rules Compliance Auto Deploy PowerCLI Setting Up Syslog Server Setting Dump Collector

Storage DRS

VMware vSphere 5 Training


Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

Storage DRS VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
Storage DRS Explained Datastore Clusters Explained SDRS Initial Placement SDRS Load Balancing Datastore Maintenance with SDRS SDRS Affinity Rules Configuring and Using Storage DRS

Storage DRS VMware vSphere 5 Training

Storage DRS Explained


Today (without SDRS) When you create a new VM, you have to manually try to find a datastore with available space and low latency From there, you are essentially hoping for the best storage results for the VM Periodically, you do your best to check to see if VMs are receiving low latency and you try to monitor datastores for low space This is best effort VM to storage management This is inefficient and it is costing all parties time and money All this manual intervention leaves lots of room for potential application outages and slowdowns You are using DRS for CPU and RAM but it does nothing for storage

Storage DRS VMware vSphere 5 Training

Storage DRS Explained


With the New Storage DRS VMs (and their VMDKs) are automatically placed on the datastore with the lowest latency and most space available VMs are automatically balanced by being svMotioned to a better datastore if they arent receiving the latency they need This will save the VMware Admin and SAN Admin lots of time (and the company, money). SDRS saves opex.

Storage DRS VMware vSphere 5 Training

Datastore Clusters Explained


Like SDRS, datastore clusters are new in vSphere 5 Without SDRS in use, a datastore cluster is a group of datastores With SDRS, a datastore cluster is the unit used to load balance VM storage across, just like a DRS cluster

Graphic Thanks to VMware.com

Storage DRS VMware vSphere 5 Training

SDRS Initial Placement


Initial placement on the correct datastore in the datastore cluster happens at: Creation time When a clone is created When a VM is relocated SDRS VMDK affinity and anti-affinity rules are available

Storage DRS VMware vSphere 5 Training

SDRS Load Balancing


SDRS is triggered based on High latency Low space Space is continuously collected and the default threshold is 80% utilization I/O latency is evaluated every 8 hours based on last 24 hour trend and the default threshold is 15ms Storage DRS does do a cost/benefit analysis SDRS works with SIOC

Storage DRS VMware vSphere 5 Training

Datastore Maintenance with SDRS


When a datastore is put into maintenance mode, all registered VMs VMDKs are evacuated Templates, ISOs, and unregistered VMs remain

Graphic Thanks to VMware.com

Storage DRS VMware vSphere 5 Training

SDRS Affinity Rules

Graphic Thanks to VMware.com

Storage DRS VMware vSphere 5 Training

SDRS Notes
It will take at least 16 hours of I/O statistics before SDRS will make its first recommendation based on latency, so dont expect it to make recommendations immediately You can create a scheduled task to modify SDRS settings (perhaps during a backup period, to prevent unnecessary migrations) SDRS is available with a vSphere Enterprise Plus license only For questions about using SDRS with your SAN features (autotiering, replication, dedup, and thin provisioning), see Duncans post-

Storage DRS VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
Storage DRS Explained Datastore Clusters Explained SDRS Initial Placement SDRS Load Balancing Datastore Maintenance with SDRS SDRS Affinity Rules Configuring and Using Storage DRS

Policy-driven Storage

VMware vSphere 5 Training


Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

Policy-driven Storage VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
Policy-driven Storage Explained Storage Vendor Profiles and VASA Configuration of Policy-driven Storage

Policy-driven Storage VMware vSphere 5 Training

Policy-driven Storage Explained


Today, when you create a new datastore, the process of selecting what SAN LUN it will be stored on is manual Also, when you perform the more common task of creating a new VM, the process of selecting what datastore they will be stored on is manual VMware Admins have to work with SAN Admins to perform all these tasks Even if you are the SAN admin, it still takes additional work Multiple steps for vSphere and SAN Admins can be saved by using policy-driven storage, resulting in significant time and money (opex)

Policy-driven Storage VMware vSphere 5 Training

Policy-driven Storage Explained


Policy-driven storage allows you to: Define storage capabilities (ie: capacity, performance, availability, redundancy) Custom Learned from SAN hardware (via VASA) Associate storage capabilities with datastores Create storage profiles (Gold/Silver/Bronze) Associate a VM with a profiles All this allows vSphere to place a VM on a datastore that meets its needs automatically - and it allows you to report and find if VMs are on the right storage

Policy-driven Storage VMware vSphere 5 Training

Name Change Alert


Policy-driven Storage is now Profile-driven Storage

Policy-driven Storage VMware vSphere 5 Training

Graphic Thanks to VMware.com

Policy-driven Storage VMware vSphere 5 Training

Storage Vendor Profiles and VASA


Storage capabilities come from either VASA or they are userdefined vSphere Storage APIs Storage Awareness = VASA VASA-capable arrays are setup as vSphere Storage Providers VASA-capable arrays then tell vSphere: Their capabilities Their performance (useful for SDRS)

Note to self: find out if my storage supports VASA

Policy-driven Storage VMware vSphere 5 Training

Configuring Policy-driven Storage


1. Obtain storage capabilities VASA (vCenter Storage Providers) Create user-defined storage capabilities 2. Create a VM Storage Profile 3. Assign user-defined storage capabilities to datastores 4. Assign VMs a storage profile When created On each VMs Properties, Profiles tab

Policy-driven Storage VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
Policy-driven Storage Explained Storage Vendor Profiles and VASA Configuration of Policy-driven Storage

Understanding the New vSphere 5 vRAM Pooled Pricing


VMware vSphere 5 Training
Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

Understanding the New vSphere 5 vRAM Pooled Pricing VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
Why is vSphere 5 vRAM Pooled Pricing So Important? 3 Major Changes with vSphere 5 Licensing vRAM Pooled Pricing in Action vSphere 5 vRAM Entitlements Requirements to Access vRAM Pooled Pricing Reports vSphere 5 License Validator Script Using vSphere License Advisor 4 Ways to Reduce Your vRAM Pool Utilization

Understanding the New vSphere 5 vRAM Pooled Pricing VMware vSphere 5 Training

Why is vSphere 5 vRAM Pooled Pricing So Important?


A significant change to vSphere licensing Places a soft limit on virtual machines when a pool-wide limit is reached (with vCenter Standard) You will be violating your end user license agreement (EULA) and receive a warning if you exceed the pool with vSphere Standard, Enterprise, or Enterprise Plus You will be violating your end user license agreement (EULA) and will not be able to power on a VM if you exceed the pool with vSphere Essentials and Essentials Plus (vCenter Foundations) This change should affect how you provision your VMs and it may affect your cost

Understanding the New vSphere 5 vRAM Pooled Pricing VMware vSphere 5 Training

3 Major Changes with vSphere 5 Licensing


1. vSphere is still sold per CPU socket 2. vSphere advanced edition is gone AND vSphere CPU core and physical RAM capacity per host restrictions are gone 3. Each vSphere edition now comes with a vRAM entitlement that is pooled by vCenter, per version

Understanding the New vSphere 5 vRAM Pooled Pricing VMware vSphere 5 Training

vRAM Pooled Pricing in Action


vRAM pooled pricing is based on configured vRAM in use by Powered On virtual machines

Understanding the New vSphere 5 vRAM Pooled Pricing VMware vSphere 5 Training

Graphic thanks to VMware.com

Understanding the New vSphere 5 vRAM Pooled Pricing VMware vSphere 5 Training

vSphere 5 vRAM Entitlements


vSphere Hypervisor Free Edition = 32GB per server vSphere Essentials and Essentials Plus = 32GB vSphere Standard = 32GB vSphere Enterprise = 64GB vSphere Enterprise Plus = 96GB Again, vSphere 5 is still sold on a per CPU socket license (or in a kit) but now each edition has specific vRAM entitlements that will be pooled, per vCenter, per version of vSphere A new version of vSphere is available, vSphere Desktop Edition, that is sold based on a per VDI user desktop basis.

Understanding the New vSphere 5 vRAM Pooled Pricing VMware vSphere 5 Training

vSphere 5 vRAM Entitlements


August 3 Updates: vRAM Entitlements were increased Cap the amount of vRAM counted per VM at 96GB Calculate a 12 month average of configured vRAM rather than a high water mark

Understanding the New vSphere 5 vRAM Pooled Pricing VMware vSphere 5 Training

Requirements to Access vRAM Pooled Pricing Reports


vSphere web client (server) must be installed Traditional Windows-based vSphere Client must be used Go to Home Licensing Reporting (tab)

Understanding the New vSphere 5 vRAM Pooled Pricing VMware vSphere 5 Training

vSphere 5 License Validator Script

http://www.virtu-al.net/2011/07/14/vsphere-5-license-entitlements

Understanding the New vSphere 5 vRAM Pooled Pricing VMware vSphere 5 Training

Using vSphere License Advisor


A free tool from VMware that advises you on vSphere license usage Especially important if planning an upgrade from vSphere 4 to 5 Tiny Windows install that connects to a single vCenter server The tool does not recognize multiple vCenter servers in linked mode Requires that the Java runtime engine (JRE) be installed Offers the ability to export data

Understanding the New vSphere 5 vRAM Pooled Pricing VMware vSphere 5 Training

Using vSphere License Advisor

Graphic thanks to VMware.com

Understanding the New vSphere 5 vRAM Pooled Pricing VMware vSphere 5 Training

4 Ways to Reduce Your vRAM Pool Utilization


1. Rightsize the memory on each of your virtual machines 2. Power off virtual machines that are unused 3. Understand application memory utilization and find ways to reduce it 4. Remember that all hosts in your enterprise with vSphere licenses count toward the pool (including VMHA hosts who are in standby mode and even remote servers if you are using vCenter linked mode) Tips: vSphere licenses are per socket and not per core You could implement chargeback to charge the groups in your company who use the most memory Standardize on the same license of vSphere

Understanding the New vSphere 5 vRAM Pooled Pricing VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
Why is vSphere 5 vRAM Pooled Pricing So Important? 3 Major Changes with vSphere 5 Licensing vRAM Pooled Pricing in Action vSphere 5 vRAM Entitlements Requirements to Access vRAM Pooled Pricing Reports vSphere 5 License Validator Script Using vSphere License Advisor 4 Ways to Reduce Your vRAM Pool Utilization

Network I/O Control (NIOC)


VMware vSphere 5 Training
Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

Network I/O Control (NIOC) VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
What is Network I/O Control? New in vSphere 5 NIOC Configuring Network I/O Control

Network I/O Control (NIOC) VMware vSphere 5 Training

What is Network I/O Control?


Provide QoS for network traffic by type Requires vSphere Enterprise Plus and use of vDS

Graphic Thanks to VMware.com

Network I/O Control (NIOC) VMware vSphere 5 Training

What is Network I/O Control?


New feature in vSphere 4.1 AKA NetIOC or NIOC QoS for the virtual network Uses shares, which you are already used to using in vSphere with resources pools Ensures best performance for critical vSphere infrastructure services when there is high network utilization NFS iSCSI FT vMotion For more information, see vSphere Network I/O Best Practices http://www.vmware.com/resources/techresources/10119

Network I/O Control (NIOC) VMware vSphere 5 Training

New in vSphere 5 NIOC


User-defined network resource pools Enables multi-tenancy deployment Bridges virtual and physical infrastructure QoS by using per resource pool 802.1p tagging

Network I/O Control (NIOC) VMware vSphere 5 Training

Configuring Network I/O Control

Graphic Thanks to VMware.com

Network I/O Control (NIOC) VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
What is Network I/O Control? Whats New in vSphere 5 NIOC? Configuring Network I/O Control

Storage I/O Control (SIOC)


VMware vSphere 5 Training
Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

Storage I/O Control (SIOC) VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
Why You Need Storage I/O Control (SIOC) How SIOC Works SIOC Requirements Enabling SIOC in vSphere Monitoring SIOC Performance

Storage I/O Control (SIOC) VMware vSphere 5 Training

Why You Need Storage I/O Control (SIOC)


General consensus is that most virtualization performance issues are caused by latency in shared storage Storage I/O Control provides Quality of Service (QoS) to ensure that all VMs get the storage performance the require In summary, SIOC is necessary so that one VM doesnt slow down another (regarding storage resources)

Storage I/O Control (SIOC) VMware vSphere 5 Training

How SIOC Works

Graphics Thanks to VMware.com

Storage I/O Control (SIOC) VMware vSphere 5 Training

SIOC Requirements
Datastores must be managed by a single vCenter server FC, iSCSI, and NFS are supported (RDMs are not) Support for NFS is new in vSphere 5! Datastores with multiple extents are not supported vSphere 4.1 or later (vSphere 5 to use NFS)

Storage I/O Control (SIOC) VMware vSphere 5 Training

Enabling SIOC in vSphere


SIOC is enabled per datastore Once enabled, ESXi monitors the latency of that datastore To enable SIOC: Go to the ESXi Server Configuration tab Storage Select the Datastore Click Properties

Storage I/O Control (SIOC) VMware vSphere 5 Training

Enabling SIOC in vSphere


Set the number of shares and maximum number of IOPS per VM Default is Normal/1000 Unlimited IOPS Note:

If the limit you want to set for a virtual machine is in terms of MB per second instead of IOPS, you can convert MB per second into IOPS based on the typical I/O size for that virtual machine. For example, to restrict a backup application with 64KB IOs to 10 MB per second, set a limit of 160 IOPS.

Storage I/O Control (SIOC) VMware vSphere 5 Training

Enabling SIOC in vSphere


To set the shares and maximums Go to the Datastores view in the vSphere Inventory Select the Virtual Machines tab or Go to the Properties of each VM Resources tab Monitor SIOC Latency and IOPS in the Datastore Inventory, Performance tab

Storage I/O Control (SIOC) VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
Why You Need Storage I/O Control (SIOC) How SIOC Works SIOC Requirements Enabling SIOC in vSphere Monitoring SIOC Performance

ESXi Firewall

VMware vSphere 5 Training


Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

ESXi Firewall VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
ESXi Firewall Defined Configuration Files Rule Set Add Service Behavior ESXI Shell Firewall Configuration

ESXi Firewall VMware vSphere 5 Training

ESXi Firewall Defined


The ESXi Firewall is a new service-oriented, stateless firewall used to protect the management interface of ESXi The firewall can be configured either from a GUI through the vSphere client or via the command-line using esxcli

ESXi Firewall VMware vSphere 5 Training

Configuration Files
Rule set configuration files Service configuration files

ESXi Firewall VMware vSphere 5 Training

Rule Set Add


/etc/vmware/firewall/
Option <service id='nnnn'> <id> <rule id='nnnn'> <direction> <protocol> <porttype> <port> <enabled> <required> Description Numeric identifier for the service. If the configuration file contains only one service, you do not need a service ID. Use <service></service> Usually the name of the service Numeric identifier for the rule Port direction (inbound or outbound) Protocol for the port (tcp or udp) Type of port, destination or source (dst or src) Port number or range of ports. To enter a range, use <begin> and <end> tags Status of the service when the rule set is applied (true or false) Whether the ruleset is required and cannot be disabled (true or false)

ESXi Firewall VMware vSphere 5 Training

Example: Rule Set Configuration File


<ConfigRoot> <service id='0000'> <id>serviceName</id> <rule id = '0000'> <direction>inbound</direction> <protocol>tcp</protocol> <porttype>dst</porttype> <port>80</port> </rule> <rule id='0001'> <direction>inbound</direction> <protocol>tcp</protocol> <porttype>src</porttype> <port> <begin>1020</begin> <end>1050</end> </port> </rule> <enabled>true</enabled> <required>false</required> </service> </ConfigRoot>

ESXi Firewall VMware vSphere 5 Training

Service Behavior
Start automatically if any ports are open and stop when all ports are closed Start and stop with host Start and stop manually

ESXi Firewall VMware vSphere 5 Training

ESXi Shell Firewall Configuration


Command esxcli network firewall get esxcli network firewall set --defaultaction esxcli network firewall set enabled esxcli network firewall load esxcli network firewall refresh esxcli network firewall unload esxcli network firewall ruleset list esxcli network firewall ruleset set --allowedall esxcli network firewall ruleset set --enabled esxcli network firewall ruleset allowedip list esxcli network firewall ruleset allowedip add esxcli network firewall ruleset allowedip remove Description Returns the enabled or disabled status of the firewall and lists default actions Update default actions Enable or disable the ESXi firewall Load the firewall module and rule set configuration files Refresh the firewall configuration by reading the rule set files if the firewall module is loaded Destroy filters and unload the firewall module List rule sets information Set the allowedall flag Enable or disable the specified rule set List the allowed IP addresses of the specified rule set Allow access to the rule set from the specified IP address or range of IP addresses Remove access to the rule set from the specified IP address or range of IP addresses

ESXi Firewall VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
ESXi Firewall Defined Configuration Files Rule Set Add Service Behavior ESXI Shell Firewall Configuration

VMware Data Recovery (VDR) 2


VMware vSphere 5 Training
Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

VMware Data Recovery (VDR) 2 VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
Introduction to VMware Data Recovery (VDR) 2 New VDR Features in vSphere 5 Limitations of VDR Installing VDR VDR Initial Configuration Backup and Restore with Data Recovery

VMware Data Recovery (VDR) 2 VMware vSphere 5 Training

Introduction to VMware Data Recovery (VDR) 2


VDR is a VMware virtualization-specific backup and recovery application for VMware vSphere 4 and 5 Easy to deploy as an appliance, integrates with vCenter, and administered from vCenter Provides backup and restore of guest Virtual Machines Advanced features like: De-duplication File level restore Incremental/differential backup Included with vSphere Editions Essentials Plus, Standard, Enterprise, and Enterprise Plus

VMware Data Recovery (VDR) 2 VMware vSphere 5 Training

Introduction to VMware Data Recovery (VDR) 2


Appliance and plug-in No physical server and no COS to install Fully integrated with vCenter Works if VMs are on or off Uses snapshots for anytime BU Supports VSS for Windows BU Uses VADP (vSphere API for Data Protection) framework

VMware Data Recovery (VDR) 2 VMware vSphere 5 Training

Introduction to VMware Data Recovery (VDR) 2


Can backup entire vSphere infrastructure in a few clicks No agents and works on any OS Complete management of backup and recovery through the vSphere Client Included with vSphere Deduplication and compression are automatic

VMware Data Recovery (VDR) 2 VMware vSphere 5 Training

New VDR Features in vSphere 5


In vSphere 4.1, VDR 1.2 offered: Linux file level restore VSS in Win 2008 and Win 2008 R2 at the app level Up to 10 appliances per vCenter (and up to 100 VMs per appliance) VDR log can be sent to the syslog server

VMware Data Recovery (VDR) 2 VMware vSphere 5 Training

New VDR Features in vSphere 5


In vSphere 5, VDR 2.0 offers: Now uses Cent OS 5.5 64-bit better scalability and stability Swap files not included in backups anymore Integrity checks and reclaim operations can be scheduled, resumed, and run in the background Overall performance of backups and other operations has been improved Email reporting has been added

VMware Data Recovery (VDR) 2 VMware vSphere 5 Training

Limitations of VDR
Backup datastore recommended to be no more than 1TB of de-dup data and 2 destination total (500MB if CIFS) 8 concurrent VMDK backups Maximum of 100 VMs can be backed up per VDR appliance You can add another VDR appliance Maximum of 10 VDR appliances per vCenter Server Maximum of 1000 VMs per vCenter that can be backed-up with VDR Does not provide a method to get backup data onto tape or offsite

VMware Data Recovery (VDR) 2 VMware vSphere 5 Training

Installing VDR
60 Day evaluation is available with vSphere Or, you must be using Essentials Plus, Standard, Enterprise, Enterprise Plus, or purchased a la carte with Essentials Download VDR on the same page that you download vSphere VDR is a single file in ISO format Either burn to media, mount the ISO, or unzip the ISO to gain access to the files inside Deploy the VDR appliance from the OVF file Install the VDR vSphere Client plug-in with the Windows installer

VMware Data Recovery (VDR) 2 VMware vSphere 5 Training

VDR Initial Configuration


You must add a storage destination before powering up VDR You can add a VMDK virtual disk destination or network share A VMDK, kept with the VM, is my favorite Once you create a VMDK destination, format and mount it VMware recommends using a thick VMDK for performance reasons Powering on VDR is like powering on any VM After initial power on, use the CLI to change the root password Default username and password: root vmw@re

VMware Data Recovery (VDR) 2 VMware vSphere 5 Training

VDR Initial Configuration


Once powered on and password is changed, do the following from the web interface: Set a static IP address (can also do using CLI) Set the correct time zone Reboot Double check configurations once it comes back To power off the VDR appliance properly, use the web interface or CLI

VMware Data Recovery (VDR) 2 VMware vSphere 5 Training

Backup and Restore with Data Recovery

Graphics Thanks to VMware.com

VMware Data Recovery (VDR) 2 VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
Introduction to VMware Data Recovery (VDR) 2 New VDR Features in vSphere 5 Limitations of VDR Installing VDR VDR Initial Configuration Backup and Restore with Data Recovery

Administering vSphere Using an iPad


VMware vSphere 5 Training
Instructors: David Davis and Elias Khnaser

Administering vSphere Using an iPad VMware vSphere 5 Training

In This Lesson:
Features of the vSphere Client for iPad Requirements for the vSphere Client for iPad Installing vCenter Mobile Access (vCMA) Installing vSphere Client for iPad Administering vSphere Using an iPad

Administering vSphere Using an iPad VMware vSphere 5 Training

Features of the vSphere Client for iPad


Search for vSphere hosts and VMs Monitor the performance of vSphere hosts and VMs Manage virtual machines with the ability to start, stop and suspend View and restore virtual machines snapshots Reboot vSphere hosts or put them into maintenance mode Diagnose vSphere hosts and virtual machines using built-in ping and traceroute tools

Administering vSphere Using an iPad VMware vSphere 5 Training

Requirements for the vSphere Client for iPad


vSphere and vCenter already in place vCenter Mobile Access (vCMA) virtual appliance available from the VMware Labs: http://labs.vmware.com/flings/vcma Network connection to the vCMA Via LAN or Internet VPN vSphere Client for iPad Via iTunes store Note: this is all free except your vSphere and vCenter infrastructure

Administering vSphere Using an iPad VMware vSphere 5 Training

Installing vCenter Mobile Access (vCMA)


vCMA is a free virtual appliance from VMware Labs It allows you to manage your virtual infrastructure from mobile devices, like smartphones and iPads Via web browser and the vSphere Client for iPad Download the OVF file and Deploy it, through the vSphere Client http://labs.vmware.com/flings/vcma

Administering vSphere Using an iPad VMware vSphere 5 Training

Installing vSphere Client for iPad


A free Apple iPad client for administering vSphere Requires local LAN access or VPN access to the vCMA Just like any iPad app, downloaded through iTunes and installed on the iPad Search in iTunes for vSphere Client or go tohttp://itunes.apple.com/us/app/vm ware-vsphere-clientfor/id417323354?mt=8&ls=1

Administering vSphere Using an iPad VMware vSphere 5 Training

Administering vSphere Using an iPad


To connect: Get the IP address (or DNS name) of the vCMA VM Enter that IP address (or DNS name) in the Settings on the iPad, for the vCMA, when you first launch the client Connect to the vSphere infrastructure using the vSphere Client for iPad by entering your vCenter server name, username, and password Youre ready!

Administering vSphere Using an iPad VMware vSphere 5 Training

What We Covered
Benefits of the vSphere Client for iPad Requirements for the vSphere Client for iPad Installing vCenter Mobile Access (vCMA) Installing vSphere Client for iPad Administering vSphere Using an iPad

Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen