Life span stages and Behavioral Domains Human behavior perception-hearing, seeing, feeling motor-moving language-communicating cognitive-mental processing

affective-feeling social-interacting Behavioral domains are arbitrary Groups--a Natural Part of Life group experiences have different functions in different stages of life different perceptions based on age, gender, etc--different feelings towards groups (positive, negative) Defining the Ideal Groups-formal or informal formal classrooms, ensembles, clubs, organizations, workplaces, therapy programs, group residences attendance and participation usually required assists participants towards common goal--implicit informal common goal may be different and varies on the individual--less obvious times spent is usually unorganized groups of friends, relatives Positive groups everyone is supported by one another prosocial behaviors and practices group cohesiveness attention is shared and individual differences are minimized may relate to common goal three criteria interdependent encouraging supportive working towards common goal Group Music Experiences may include perception motor communicating (encoding and decoding verbal and nonverbal information) mental processing feeling interacting with other people dependent on non musical behaviors MUSIC THERAPY--pairs musical experiences and non-music responses

to reach therapeutic objectives Group music leaders responsibilities structuring and managing interactions to increase the probabilities that experiences with be positive Attention--Sharing a group experience begins when: leader structures the session to include both people responding together during a task or music application When there are more than 3 people: The whole group responds together in order to maintain attention and participation Leader's attention is now focused on several behaviors or several individuals different people respond to different things Leader observes individual differences and interacts accordingly while maintains group participation/attention--towards a common goal no longer focused on one individual Adding members to the group--leader's attention is being shared "works well with others" "being a team player" Diversity Examples one talkative individual, one quiet individual People with different music tastes one person is hard of hearing due to a disability effective group speakers minimize this diversity, find similarities, and bring the group towards a common goal--increase encouragement for everyone Minimize differences and maintain group focus Music Expertise for the Group Leader Mentally process observations while maintaining quality of musicianship accompanying group singing demonstrating dance steps for a group to imitate performing on multiple instruments for group application Concentration remains on the music--even as a group leader use more applicable instruments (guitar, recorder, autoharp) rather than more traditional instruments (piano, voice, or saxophone) able to transfer their knowledge of music fundamentals and music sight reading skills to instruments that may be more functional for the inexperienced quality is not compromised Focus on sound and expressiveness of the music--promoting participation and encouragement Group leaders perform high quality music, observe group member's responses

interact purposefully throughout the music experience to increase the probability that the group will reach a common goal within the time allotted.