OPERATING SYSTEMS L 3 Objectives To provide a grand tour of the major operating system components.

To impart knowledge of process, memory and device management To teach security issues related to OS. Expected Outcome The students will be able to T 0 P 0 C 3

Understand how the operating system abstractions can be implemented Understand the principles of concurrency and synchronization, and apply them to write correct concurrent programs/software. Understand basic resource management techniques (scheduling or time management, space management) and how they can be implemented.
Use Linux system, windows 2000. Prerequisites/Exposure Computer Architecture and Organization

Contents FUNDAMENTALS Overview: Role and purpose of operating systems; history of operating system development; functionality of a typical operating system; design issues (efficiency, robustness, flexibility, portability, security, compatibility). Basic principles: Structuring methods; abstractions, processes, and resources; design of application programming interfaces (APIs); device organization; interrupts; user/system state transitions. PROCESS MANAGEMENT Scheduling: Preemptive and non-preemptive scheduling; scheduling policies; processes and threads; real-time issues; Concurrency: The idea of concurrent execution; states and state diagrams; implementation structures (ready lists, process control blocks, and so forth); dispatching and context switching; interrupt handling in a concurrent environment; Mutual exclusion: Definition of the mutual exclusion problem; deadlock detection and prevention; solution strategies; models and mechanisms (semaphores, monitors, condition variables, rendezvous); producerconsumer problems; synchronization; multiprocessor issues. MEMORY MANAGEMENT Review of physical memory and memory management hardware; overlays, swapping, and partitions; paging and segmentation; page placement and replacement policies; working sets and thrashing; caching. SECONDARY STORAGE MANAGEMENT Device management: Characteristics of serial and parallel devices; abstracting device differences; buffering strategies; direct memory access; recovery from failures. File systems: Fundamental concepts (data, metadata, operations, organization, buffering, sequential vs. nonsequential files); content and structure of directories; file system techniques (partitioning, mounting and unmounting, virtual file systems); memory-mapped files; special-purpose file systems; naming, searching, and access; backup strategies. SECURITY AND PROTECTION Overview of system security; policy/mechanism separation; security methods and devices; protection, access, and authentication; models of protection; memory protection; encryption; recovery management. Text / Reference Books 1. A. Silberschatz, P.B. Galvin & G. Gagne, Operating system concepts, John Wiley,2005 2. W. Stallings, Operating systems, Prentice-Hall,2005 Mode of Evaluation Written examinations, seminar, assignments, surprise tests and quizzes

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